Bourke Shire is a local government area in the Orana region of New South Wales, Australia. The Shire is located adjacent to the Darling River, which is known as the Barwon River upstream from Bourke; and located adjacent to the Mitchell Highway. The northern boundary of the Shire is located adjacent to the border between New South Wales and Queensland. The shire is a wool and beef producing area.

Orana is a vast region in central-northern New South Wales, Australia. As of June 2015 it had an estimated population of 113,824 people. It has an area of 198,561 square kilometres (76,665 sq mi) and is the largest region in New South Wales, comprising approximately 25% of that state. The major localities include Dubbo and Cobar. This region corresponds approximately with the Australian Bureau of Statistics North Western Statistical Division.