1.
Australian Football League
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The Australian Football League is the pre-eminent professional competition in the sport of Australian rules football. Through the AFL Commission, the AFL also serves as the governing body. The league was founded as the Victorian Football League as a breakaway from the previous Victorian Football Association, the league currently consists of 18 teams spread over five of Australias six states. Matches have been played in all states and territories of Australia. The AFL season currently consists of a competition, followed by a 23-round regular season. The top eight teams play off in a four-round finals series, culminating in the AFL Grand Final. The winning team in the Grand Final is termed the premiers, the current premiers are the Western Bulldogs. The six clubs invited two more VFA clubs – Carlton and St Kilda – to join the league for its season in 1897. In 1908, the league expanded to ten teams, with Richmond crossing from the VFA, Port Adelaide was the most successful club of the competition winning three titles during the period along with an earlier victory. In 1925, the VFL expanded from nine teams to twelve, with Footscray, Hawthorn, North Melbourne and Hawthorn remained very weak in the VFL for a very long period. Between the years of 1927 and 1930, Collingwood became the first, in 1952, the VFL hosted National Day, when all six matches were played outside of Melbourne. Matches were played at the Sydney Cricket Ground, Brisbane Exhibition Ground, North Hobart Oval, Albury Sports Ground and Victorian country towns Yallourn, Footscray became the first of the 1925 expansion teams to win the premiership in 1954. Melbourne became a powerhouse during the 1950s and early 1960s under coach Norm Smith, the club contested seven consecutive grand finals from 1954 to 1960, winning five premierships, including three in a row from 1955 to 1957. Television coverage began in 1957, with telecasts of the final quarter permitted. At first, several channels competed through broadcasting different games, however, when the VFL found that television was reducing crowds, it decided that no coverage was to be allowed for 1960. In 1961, replays were introduced although direct telecasts were rarely permitted in Melbourne, in 1959, the VFL planned the first purpose built mega-stadium, VFL Park, to give it some independence from the Melbourne Cricket Club, which managed the Melbourne Cricket Ground. VFL Park was planned to hold 155,000 spectators, which would have made it one of the largest stadiums in the world – although it would ultimately be built with a capacity of 78,000. Land for the stadium was purchased at Mulgrave, then farmland, the VFL Premiership Trophy was first awarded in addition to a pennant flag in 1959, essentially the same trophy design has been in use since
2.
Crown Melbourne
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Crown Melbourne is a casino and resort located on the south bank of the Yarra River, in Melbourne, Australia. Crown Casino is a unit of Crown Limited, and the first casino of the now–international Crown brand, initially having opened in 1994 on the north bank of the Yarra, Crown Melbourne relocated and re–opened on the south bank of the Yarra, in 1997. It remains one of the features of the Southbank precinct of the Melbourne central business district. The entire complex has a space of 510,000 m² —the equivalent to 2 city blocks— making it the largest casino complex in the Southern Hemisphere and one of the largest in the world. The complex also hosts four hotels, Crown Towers, Crown Promenade, Crowns casino complex opened in 1997, after moving from a temporary location that opened in 1994 on the north bank of the Yarra. It is one of the features of the Southbank area in the central business district. Children under 18 are permitted into the entertainment and shopping section of complex, the entire complex has a space of 510,000 m², making it the largest casino complex in the Southern Hemisphere and one of the largest in the world. Crown Casino opened in 1994 at the World Trade Centre on the bank of the Yarra River. This location was a temporary, and training, setup while construction of the complex occurred. The Casino complex opened in its planned location at Southbank in 1997. Actress Rachel Griffiths infamously ran through the casino topless on its opening night and it is open 24 hours a day,7 days a week except on Christmas Day, Good Friday and Anzac Day when it is closed from 4 am to midday. It was founded, owned and run by Lloyd Williams until the Packer takeover by PBL in 1999, Crown Casino is the largest casino in the southern hemisphere and has a licence for 500 table games and 2,500 poker machines. There is also Bigwheel, the electronic Vegas Star Roulette and Rapid Baccarat, all lower denomination Blackjack tables only offer a proprietary variant of the game called BlackJack Plus, which has been described as the worst game of Blackjack in Australia. This variation enormously increases the house advantage from around 0. 5% in the higher denomination tables, to around 5%, as well as Three card poker on the main gaming floor, Crown has also offers varieties of poker including Texas Holdem. The Crown Poker Room encompasses a large space in the Crown basement. The Crown is also one of the centres for competitive poker in the Asia-Pacific region. It annually hosts the Aussie Millions, currently the Southern Hemispheres richest poker event, starting in 2013, it became home to the World Series of Poker Asia-Pacific, the latest expansion of the World Series of Poker. Crown Casino has 3,500 poker machines on the floor, with values ranging from one cent to one dollar
3.
Richmond Football Club
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The Richmond Football Club, nicknamed the Tigers, is an Australian rules football club playing in the Australian Football League. The club has won ten premierships since joining the competition in 1908, the club is currently ranked sixth in the competition for premierships won. Prior to 1965 the club played games at Punt Road Oval. Based in a traditionally working-class area, Richmond has long-standing rivalries with cross-town Melbourne-based clubs, Collingwood, the club has been home to four AFL Hall of Fame Legends, Ian Stewart, Kevin Bartlett, Royce Hart and Jack Dyer. A team of playing as Richmond is mentioned by the newspapers in the first years of Australian football. Tom Wills, one of the founders, was the clubs inaugural secretary and captain. This loosely organised group has no continuity to the present club, a number of teams formed in the Richmond area during the games rapid expansion of the 1870s and early 1880s. However, all played at a level and it was considered an anomaly that Richmond, one of Melbournes biggest locales. The wait ended when the Richmond Football Club was officially formed at the Royal Hotel in Richmond on 20 February 1885, a successful application for immediate admission to the Victorian Football Association followed. The club shared the Punt Road Oval with the Richmond Cricket Club, at first the team wore a blue uniform. One of the most important features of a nineteenth-century footballers uniform was his headgear, and Richmond opted for yellow and black striped caps, after a couple of years, yellow and black stripes replaced blue as the colours of the teams guernseys. The team was called the Richmondites, the Wasps or, most commonly. During the late 1880s, the VFA expanded rapidly, a booming economy and large numbers of immigrants made Melbourne the largest city in the Australian colonies. The city was mad with football and many tried to get admission to the VFA. Richmond struggled to make an impression and after a promising season in 1888. As the local economy slipped into depression in the early 1890s and the crowds began to dwindle. Richmond were not considered part of elite group, who usually voted together as a block at VFA meetings. A lack of commitment and focused effort was holding the Tigers back, in 1896, Richmond walked off the field in a match with South Melbourne at half time when they were a long way behind on a very wet day to protest the umpiring. Later in the season, the Tigers had their score annulled against Essendon when it was discovered that they had too many men on the ground, in the closing three weeks of the season, Richmonds gate takings amounted to just five pounds
4.
Seven Network
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The Seven Network is an Australian commercial free-to-air television network. It is owned by Seven West Media Limited, and is one of five main television networks in Australia. In 2011 the Seven Network won all 40 out of 40 weeks of the season for total viewers. Seven is the first to achieve this since the introduction of the OzTAM ratings system in 2001, as of 2014, it is the second largest network in the country in terms of population reach. In 2016, the network had its biggest lead in total people over the Nine Network since the current OzTAM ratings system began, in Melbourne,30 of the 40 ratings weeks were won and all ratings weeks were won in Adelaide and Perth. Sevens administration headquarters are based in a warehouse at Jones Bay Wharf in Pyrmont, Sydney. The networks main playout centre is located in Docklands, Melbourne, National news and current affairs programming are based between flagship station ATN-7 in Sydney and HSV-7 in Melbourne. In 2009, Seven moved its Sydney-based production operations from Epping to a purpose-built high-definition television production facility at the Australian Technology Park in Eveleigh, the present Seven Network began as a group of independent stations in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth. HSV-7 Melbourne, licensed to The Herald and Weekly Times Ltd, was launched on 4 November 1956, ATN-7 Sydney, licensed to Amalgamated Television Services, a subsidiary of Fairfax, was launched on 2 December 1956. BTQ-7 Brisbane followed on 1 November, signing on as Brisbanes second commercial television station, ADS-7 Adelaide was launched on 24 October 1959 as the final capital city VHF7 station. In the early 1960s, coaxial cable links, formed initially between Sydney and Melbourne, allowed the sharing of programmes and simultaneous broadcasts of live shows, left without their original partners, ATN-7 and HSV-7 joined to form the Australian Television Network in 1963. The new grouping was soon joined by other capital-city channel 7 stations, ADS-7 Adelaide, however, it was not until 1970 that a national network logo was adopted, albeit still with independently owned and operated stations with local advertising campaigns. Colour television was introduced across the network in 1975, when a new logo was adopted. Rupert Murdoch made a bid for the Herald and Weekly Times, owners of HSV-7, in 1979. Fairfax, however, successfully bought a 14. 9% share of the later in the same year. The 1980s saw the introduction of sound, as well as a number of successful shows, most notably A Country Practice in 1981, and Sons and Daughters. Wheel of Fortune began its 25-year run in July 1981, produced from ADS-7s studios in Adelaide, the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow were shown live on the network the year before. Perth based businessman Robert Holmes à Court, through his business the Bell Group, bought TVW-7 from its original owners, the Herald and Weekly Times, owner of HSV-7 and ADS-7, was sold to Rupert Murdoch in December 1986 for an estimated A$1.8 billion
5.
Umpire (Australian rules football)
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An umpire is an official in the sport of Australian rules football who adjudicates the game according to the Laws Of The Game, the official handbook of Australian Rules Football. Unlike many other codes of football, where the official is called a referee, tom Wills, one of the founders of the Australian game, was the earliest known umpire of a football match in Australia. At first the captains of both shared the duty of officiating games, however as the game became more professional in the 1880s. The field umpire is the type of umpire permitted to award free kicks or initiate stoppages in play. Since 1993, professional level Australian Football League matches are policed by three field umpires, amateur, suburban and semi-professional matches can be policed by any number from one to three field umpires. Goal umpire - Goal umpires are responsible for all adjudications relating to the goal-line, to whether or not a ball has scored a goal, behind. Goal umpires also serve as the official score-keepers for the match, after each quarter, the umpires check their scores, and confirm that the ground scoreboard matches the official score. There are generally two goal umpires in each game at all levels, one at end of the ground, occasionally. Goal umpires traditionally wore a jacket, black trousers and a broad-brimmed hat, however caps. Boundary umpire - the boundary umpire is responsible for determining when the ball has left the field of play, in the professional level Australian Football League, there are four boundary umpires in each match with two umpires sharing control of each side of the ground. At lower levels, there are only two or three boundary umpires. Emergency umpire - particularly in matches, an emergency umpire may be provided specifically to be used as a replacement if an umpire is injured. Like field umpires, they have the ability to report players, oversees other officials, such as club runners, and interchanging of players. Interchange stewards - although they are not officially an umpire, there are two of these at a match and they oversee the interchanging of players, and make sure no more than 18 players per team are on the field at any one time. Where league rules permit, stewards can report to the umpire to allow free kicks to be paid for interchange infringements. At the professional level, and at high levels of the game, all umpires. At lower levels, it is common for the clubs to each provide one goal umpire and one boundary umpire to the match. The game of Australian rules contains some areas where application of the laws is subject to interpretation
6.
Australian rules football
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The main way to score points is by kicking the oval-shaped ball between the two tall goal posts. The team with the score by the end of the match wins unless a draw is declared. During general play, players may position themselves anywhere on the field, the primary methods are kicking, handballing and running with the ball. There are rules on how the ball can be handled, for example, throwing the ball is not allowed and players must not get caught holding the ball. A distinctive feature of the game is the mark, where players anywhere on the field who catch a ball from a kick are awarded possession, possession of the ball is in dispute at all times except when a free kick or mark is paid. Players can tackle using their hands or use their body to obstruct opponents. The game features frequent physical contests, spectacular marking, fast movement of players and the ball and high scoring. The sports origins can be traced to matches played in Melbourne, Victoria in 1858. Its annual Grand Final is the highest attended club championship event in the world, the sport is also played at amateur level in many countries and in several variations. The games rules are governed by the AFL Commission with the advice of the AFLs Laws of the Game Committee, there is evidence of football being played sporadically in the Australian colonies in the first half of the 19th century. The earliest such match, held in St Kilda on 15 June, was between Melbourne Grammar and St Kilda Grammar. Born in Australia, Wills played a nascent form of rugby football whilst a pupil at Rugby School in England and his letter is regarded by many historians as giving impetus for the development of a new code of football today known as Australian football. Two weeks later, Wills friend, cricketer Jerry Bryant, posted an advertisement for a match at the Richmond Paddock adjoining the Melbourne Cricket Ground. This was the first of several kickabouts held that year involving members of the Melbourne Cricket Club, including Wills, Bryant, W. J. Hammersley, trees were used as goalposts and play typically lasted an entire afternoon. Without an agreed code of laws, some players were guided by rules they had learned in the British Isles. Another significant milestone in 1858 was a match played under experimental rules between Melbourne Grammar and Scotch College, held at the Richmond Paddock. This 40-a-side contest, umpired by Wills and Scotch College teacher John Macadam, began on 7 August and it is commemorated with a statue outside the MCG, and the two schools have competed annually ever since in the Cordner-Eggleston Cup, the worlds oldest continuous football competition. Since the early 20th century, it has suggested that Australian football was derived from the Irish sport of Gaelic football
7.
Geelong Football Club
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The Geelong Football Club, nicknamed the Cats, is a professional Australian rules football club based in the city of Geelong, Australia and playing in the Australian Football League. The Cats have been the VFL/AFL premiers nine times, with three in the AFL era and they have also won nine McClelland Trophies, a record shared with Essendon. The club was formed in 1859, making it the second oldest club in the AFL after Melbourne and one of the oldest football clubs in the world. Geelong participated in the first football competition in Australia and was a club of both the Victorian Football Association in 1877 and the Victorian Football League in 1897. The club first established itself in the VFA by winning seven premierships, the club won a further six premierships by 1963, before enduring a 44-year waiting period until it won its next premiership—an AFL-record 119-point victory in the 2007 AFL Grand Final. Geelong have since won a further two premierships in 2009 and 2011, the clubs home ground is Kardinia Park, currently also known by its sponsorship name Simonds Stadium. However, the club also hosts matches at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. Geelongs traditional guernsey colours are blue and white hoops. The clubs nickname, The Cats, was first used in 1923 after a run of losses prompted a local cartoonist to suggest that the club needed a black cat to bring it good luck, the clubs official team song and anthem is We Are Geelong. Geelong Football Club was formally established at a meeting held in the Victoria Hotel on 18 July 1859, the club contested its first match of Australian rules football against Melbourne at Argyle Square in 1860, which finished as a scoreless draw. In 1863, Geelong travelled to Melbourne to contest the Caledonian Challenge Cup, although the competition was played under compromised rules, Geelong reached the final and defeated Melbourne to become the second winners of the cup. The club continued to contest the cup in the following years, during this time, Tom Wills—one of the founders of Australian football—played exclusively for the club from 1865 until his retirement from football in 1874. Following the formation of the Victorian Football Association in 1877, Geelong joined the association as one of its foundation clubs. The club relocated to Corio Oval as its home ground in time for the 1878 season. In 1924, following the death of VFL and Geelong administrator Charles Brownlow, the first player to win the award was Geelongs Edward Greeves. Having been one of the dominant clubs in the old VFA and it wasnt until 1925 that the club won its first VFL premiership. Geelong followed up with further wins in 1931 and 1937. In 1941, the club was forced to relocate from its Corio Oval base due to the oval being required for training during World War 2
8.
Illuminated manuscript
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An illuminated manuscript is a manuscript in which the text is supplemented with such decoration as initials, borders and miniature illustrations. Comparable Far Eastern and Mesoamerican works are described as painted, islamic manuscripts may be referred to as illuminated, illustrated or painted, though using essentially the same techniques as Western works. This article covers the technical, social and economic history of the subject, for an art-historical account, the earliest surviving substantive illuminated manuscripts are from the period 400 to 600, produced in the Kingdom of the Ostrogoths and the Eastern Roman Empire. The significance of these works lies not only in their inherent artistic and historical value, had it not been for the monastic scribes of Late Antiquity, most literature of Greece and Rome would have perished in Europe. As it was, the patterns of textual survivals were shaped by their usefulness to the severely constricted literate group of Christians, the majority of surviving manuscripts are from the Middle Ages, although many survive from the Renaissance, along with a very limited number from Late Antiquity. The majority of manuscripts are of a religious nature. However, especially from the 13th century onward, a number of secular texts were illuminated. Most illuminated manuscripts were created as codices, which had superseded scrolls, a very few illuminated manuscript fragments survive on papyrus, which does not last nearly as long as vellum or parchment. Most medieval manuscripts, illuminated or not, were written on parchment, beginning in the late Middle Ages manuscripts began to be produced on paper. Illuminated manuscripts continued to be produced in the early 16th century, Manuscripts are among the most common items to survive from the Middle Ages, many thousands survive. They are also the best surviving specimens of medieval painting, indeed, for many areas and time periods, they are the only surviving examples of painting. There are a few examples from later periods, the type of book that was most often heavily and richly illuminated, sometimes known as a display book, varied between periods. In the first millennium, these were most likely to be Gospel Books, such as the Lindisfarne Gospels, the Romanesque period saw the creation of many huge illuminated complete Bibles – one in Sweden requires three librarians to lift it. Many Psalters were also illuminated in both this and the Gothic period. Finally, the Book of Hours, very commonly the personal book of a wealthy layperson, was often richly illuminated in the Gothic period. Other books, both liturgical and not, continued to be illuminated at all periods, the Byzantine world also continued to produce manuscripts in its own style, versions of which spread to other Orthodox and Eastern Christian areas. See Medieval art for other regions, periods and types, reusing parchments by scraping the surface and reusing them was a common practice, the traces often left behind of the original text are known as palimpsests. The Gothic period, which saw an increase in the production of these beautiful artifacts, also saw more secular works such as chronicles
9.
South Australian National Football League
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The South Australian National Football League, or SANFL, is an Australian rules football league based in the Australian state of South Australia. It is also the body for the sport of Australian rules football in South Australia. Consisting of a single competition, the season is an 18-round home-and-away season from April to September. The top five teams play-off in a final series culminating in the final for the Thomas Seymour Hill Premiership Trophy. The league is responsible for the management of all levels of football in the state. This includes junior football, country football, amateur football and specific programs rolled out across schools, indigenous communities, the SANFL owns the 51,240 seat AAMI Stadium, formerly the largest stadium in South Australia. The stadium, which opened in 1974, was used for Australian Football League matches up until 2013. The stadium was the headquarters for the league from 1974–2013, the SANFL competition is the second highest attended Australian rules football league behind the AFL. The earliest recorded football club in South Australia was Adelaide Football Club, the early years of football were poorly organised and dogged by argument over which set of rules to adopt. In fact, after a match between Port Adelaide and Kensington in 1873, it was remarked that neither side understood the rules clearly, however, as the years progressed, there became a growing push for uniformity and structure in South Australian football. In 1877,12 of South Australias football clubs met to develop a set of rules. The inaugural 1877 season was contested by 8 clubs, South Park, Willunga, Port Adelaide, Adelaide, North Adelaide, Gawler, Bankers, Woodville, South Adelaide, Norwood joined the Association the following season in 1878, and went on to win the next six premierships. Norwood, South Adelaide and Port Adelaide together won 23 of the first 24 premierships, South Park, Willunga, North Adelaide, Prince Alfred College, Gawler, Kapunda, Bankers, Woodville, and Victorian all left the Association within the first 10 years. By 1886, the Association had been reduced from 12 to four clubs, the Association experienced a resurgence in the late 1880s and early 1890s. The addition of North Adelaide, West Adelaide and West Torrens and only the demise of Adelaide, in 1898, the Magarey Medal was awarded to the fairest and most brilliant player for the first time. Sturt joined the Association in 1901, but performed poorly initially, in 1902, Port Adelaide adopted its now famous black and white colours. In 1907, the Association changed its name to the South Australian Football League, Norwood and Port Adelaide continued their domination of the league, and were joined by West Adelaide and North Adelaide, between them, the four clubs won all premierships between 1901 and 1913. West Adelaide followed three straight wooden spoons from 1904–06 with four out of the five premierships from 1908–1912, the most successful period in West Adelaides history, Sturt won the first premiership of the post-World War I era, beating North Adelaide in the Challenge Final replay
10.
West Australian Football League
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You may be looking for AFLW, the Australian Football League Womens competition. The West Australian Football League is an Australian rules football based in Perth. The WAFL is the third-most popular league in the nation, behind the nationwide Australian Football League, the league also runs reserves and colts competitions. The WAFL was founded in 1885 as the West Australian Football Association, although payments are made to players, it is generally considered to be a semi-professional competition. A salary cap of A$200,000 per club is in place, the league is currently affiliated with the two Western Australia-based AFL clubs. Players who are not selected to play with their respective AFL clubs instead play for allocated clubs in the WAFL, the competition is governed by the West Australian Football Commission, and based at Subiaco Oval. B East Fremantle played at Fremantle Oval from 1898 to 1952, C East Perth played at Wellington Square from 1902 to 1909, at Perth Oval from 1910 to 1987 and from 1990 to 1999, and at the WACA Ground during 1988 and 1989. D Perth played at the WACA Ground from 1899 to 1958, E Subiaco played at Shenton Park between 1901 and 1905, at Mueller Park in 1906 and 1907, and at Subiaco Oval from 1908 to 1987, and occasional home games at Subiaco Oval from 1988 onwards. F West Perth played at Leederville Oval from 1915 to 1993, as such, the Esplanade Park, Fremantle and Fremantle Park in Fremantle, and the Old Recreation Ground and the New Recreation Ground in Perth were all used as home grounds by the above teams. B The High School withdrew from the due to lack of players two rounds into the inaugural season. C Rovers were a wandering team – they had no home ground, D West Australian Football Club merged with Victorians in 1889 to form the Metropolitan Football Club, which in turn became the West Perth Football Club. The WAFL is a competition and has a salary cap in place. In 2016 the Total Player Payments cap is $294,000 for the non-AFL aligned clubs, while the cap for East Perth, in January 2015, the WAFL executive announced a new deal was struck with the Seven Network. Under the arrangement, Seven agreed to a deal involving the telecast of 18 home and away matches as well as all Finals matches. Previously, the WAFL match of the round was broadcast on ABC throughout Western Australia every Saturday afternoon during the regular home, matches were replayed nationwide on-demand from the ABC iView service and re-broadcast on the ABC2 channel early Friday morning at 2.30 am local time. Radio stations which cover the competition include 720 ABC Perth, ABC Grandstand Digital,91.3 SportFM,107.3 HFM, since 2015, the current major sponsor of the WAFL Premiership is fast food chain McDonalds. Prior to that, AAMI were major sponsors of the league, attendance at WAFL matches dropped when each of the two Western Australian based AFL teams entered the league. In recent years, however the attendances have increased slightly, with 2009 recording the first combined annual attendance of more than 200,000 since 1994, a largest recent crowd was 24,638 at the 2010 WAFL Grand Final between Swan Districts and Claremont at Subiaco Oval
11.
Victorian Football League
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The Victorian Football League is the major state-level Australian rules football league in Victoria. The league evolved from the former Victorian Football Association, and has been known by its current name since 1996. The VFA was formed in 1877 and is the second-oldest Australian rules football league, initially serving a primarily administrative function, the VFA premiership served as the top level of club competition in Victoria until 1896. The VFA became the level of club competition from 1897 after its eight strongest clubs seceded to form the VFL. From 1897 until 1995, the VFA remained independent from the VFL as Victorias secondary senior club competition and it presently comprises 14 teams from throughout Victoria, eight of which have a continuous VFA heritage. The Victorian Football Association was founded on 17 May 1877 at the meeting of club secretaries immediately preceding the 1877 season. Decisions were made based on a vote of the Board of Management, the five foundation senior clubs in the Melbourne metropolitan area were Albert-park, Carlton, Hotham, Melbourne and St Kilda. There was no system of promotion and relegation between the senior and junior levels, with it largely at a clubs discretion whether or not it joined the Association as a paying senior member. The affiliation fee for senior clubs was initially set at one guinea, through the first decade of the VFAs existence, the structure of the football season did not change significantly from the informal system which had evolved over previous years. Premierships won under this method are now considered official. Three Ballarat-based clubs – Ballarat, Ballarat Imperial and South Ballarat – were also voting members of the VFA through this time, the two new competitions competed in parallel from their respective 1897 seasons. Because the VFA was independent from the VFL, the VFA had the power to set its own rules, the VFA reduced the number of on-field players from twenty to eighteen in 1897, a move followed by the VFL two years later. The VFA tried reducing the number of players further to 17 in 1908, then to 16 in 1912, the VFA went into recess during World War I, with the 1916 and 1917 seasons cancelled and the 1915 and 1918 seasons shortened. Over first thirty years of the VFAs independence, its relationship with the VFL was, in general, the loss of the VFAs strongest three clubs to the VFL in 1925 firmly cemented the VFA as the second tier competition in the state. Between 1925 and 1929, the addition of outer suburban clubs in Coburg, Camberwell, the relationship with the VFL improved, and a new permit reciprocity agreement was established in 1931. In 1938, the VFA made a rule change by legalising throwing of the football in general play. The change helped to speed up the game, and introduced more run-and-carry play in an era which had previously dominated by a long-kicking style. Additionally, the VFA ended its agreement with the VFL
