Bureaucrat
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A bureaucrat is a member of a bureaucracy and can compose the administration of any organization of any size, although the term usually connotes someone within an institution of government.
Statue of a Tang dynasty official, 7th–8th century
Mandarin (bureaucrat)
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A mandarin was a bureaucrat scholar in the history of China, Korea, and Vietnam.
Bureaucrat
…other types because they operate within a republican form of government, and the political culture traditionally seeks to limit their power. So-called "Mandarin bureaucrats" filled important official roles in Chinese administration from 605 to 1905 CE. The Zhou dynasty of c. 1046 to 256 BCE provides the earliest records of…
Three Ming Dynasty mandarins of varying ranks.
A 15th-century portrait of the Ming official Jiang Shunfu. The cranes on his mandarin square indicate that he was a civil official of the sixth rank.
A Qing photograph of a government official with mandarin square embroidered in front
Nguyễn Văn Tường, 1824–1886) was a mandarin of the Nguyễn dynasty in Vietnam.