Careening
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Careening is a method of gaining access to the hull of a sailing vessel without the use of a dry dock. It is used for cleaning or repairing the hull. Before ship's hulls were protected from marine gro
An Old Whaler Hove Down For Repairs, Near New Bedford, a wood engraving drawn by F. S. Cozzens and published in Harper's Weekly, December 1882
HMS Formidable careened in Malta Dockyard, 31 January 1843
A diagram of careening, from the Lärobok i sjömanskap (Textbook of Seamanship) by Wilhelm Linder, 1896
Biofouling
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Biofouling or biological fouling is a phenomenon affecting human-made objects in the presence of water, wherein microorganisms, plants, algae, or small animals accumulate on the objects' surfaces and
Careening
…to the hull of a sailing vessel without the use of a dry dock. It is used for cleaning or repairing the hull. Before ship's hulls were protected from marine growth by fastening copper sheets over the surface of the hull, fouling by this growth would seriously affect the sailing qualities of a ship, causing a large…
Current measurement instrument encrusted with zebra mussels
Plant organisms, bacteria and animals (freshwater sponges) have covered (fouled) the sheath of an electric cable in a canal (Mid-Deûle in Lille, north of France).
Biofouling initial process: (left) Coating of submerged "substratum" with polymers. (moving right) Bacterial attachment and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix formation.
Dead biofouling, under a wood boat (detail)