1.
Florence
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Florence is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany and of the Metropolitan City of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants, Florence was a centre of medieval European trade and finance and one of the wealthiest cities of the time. It is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance, and has called the Athens of the Middle Ages. A turbulent political history includes periods of rule by the powerful Medici family, from 1865 to 1871 the city was the capital of the recently established Kingdom of Italy. The Historic Centre of Florence attracts 13 million tourists each year and it was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1982. The city is noted for its culture, Renaissance art and architecture, the city also contains numerous museums and art galleries, such as the Uffizi Gallery and the Palazzo Pitti, and still exerts an influence in the fields of art, culture and politics. Due to Florences artistic and architectural heritage, it has been ranked by Forbes as one of the most beautiful cities in the world, in 2008, the city had the 17th highest average income in Italy. Florence originated as a Roman city, and later, after a period as a flourishing trading and banking medieval commune. According to the Encyclopædia Britannica, it was politically, economically, and culturally one of the most important cities in Europe, the language spoken in the city during the 14th century was, and still is, accepted as the Italian language. Starting from the late Middle Ages, Florentine money—in the form of the gold florin—financed the development of all over Europe, from Britain to Bruges, to Lyon. Florentine bankers financed the English kings during the Hundred Years War and they similarly financed the papacy, including the construction of their provisional capital of Avignon and, after their return to Rome, the reconstruction and Renaissance embellishment of Rome. Florence was home to the Medici, one of European historys most important noble families, Lorenzo de Medici was considered a political and cultural mastermind of Italy in the late 15th century. Two members of the family were popes in the early 16th century, Leo X, catherine de Medici married king Henry II of France and, after his death in 1559, reigned as regent in France. Marie de Medici married Henry IV of France and gave birth to the future king Louis XIII, the Medici reigned as Grand Dukes of Tuscany, starting with Cosimo I de Medici in 1569 and ending with the death of Gian Gastone de Medici in 1737. The Etruscans initially formed in 200 BC the small settlement of Fiesole and it was built in the style of an army camp with the main streets, the cardo and the decumanus, intersecting at the present Piazza della Repubblica. Situated along the Via Cassia, the route between Rome and the north, and within the fertile valley of the Arno, the settlement quickly became an important commercial centre. Peace returned under Lombard rule in the 6th century, Florence was conquered by Charlemagne in 774 and became part of the Duchy of Tuscany, with Lucca as capital. The population began to again and commerce prospered
Florence
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A collage of Florence showing the
Galleria degli Uffizi (top left), followed by the
Palazzo Pitti, a sunset view of the city and the
Fountain of Neptune in the
Piazza della Signoria
Florence
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A wooden model of Florence as it would have probably looked during Roman times, showing the ancient amphitheatre
Florence
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The façade of the Cathedral
Florence
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Leonardo da Vinci statue outside the
Uffizi Gallery.
2.
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
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The Grand Duchy of Tuscany was a central Italian monarchy that existed, with interruptions, from 1569 to 1859, replacing the Duchy of Florence. The grand duchys capital was Florence, Tuscany was nominally a state of the Holy Roman Empire until the Treaty of Campo Formio in 1797. Initially, Tuscany was ruled by the House of Medici until the extinction of its branch in 1737. The Medicis only advancement in the days of their existence was their elevation to royalty, by the Holy Roman Emperor. Francis Stephen of Lorraine, a descendant of the Medici, succeeded the family. Tuscany was governed by a viceroy, Marc de Beauvau-Craon, for his entire rule and his descendants ruled, and resided in, the grand duchy until 1859, barring one interruption, when Napoleon Bonaparte gave Tuscany to the House of Bourbon-Parma. Following the collapse of the Napoleonic system in 1814, the duchy was restored. The United Provinces of Central Italy, a client state of the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont, Tuscany was formally annexed to Sardinia in 1860, following a landslide referendum, in which 95% of voters approved. In 1569, Cosimo de Medici had ruled the Duchy of Florence for 32 years, during his reign, Florence purchased the island of Elba from the Republic of Genoa, conquered Siena and developed a well-equipped and powerful naval base on Elba. Cosimo also banned the clergy from holding positions and promulgated laws of freedom of religion. Cosimo also was a supporter of Pope Pius V, who in the light of Florences expansion in August 1569 declared Cosimo Grand Duke of Tuscany. The international reaction to Cosimos elevation was bleak, Queen Catherine of France, though herself a Medici, viewed Cosimo with the utmost disdain. Rumours circulated at the Viennese court that had Cosimo as a candidate for King of England, Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor and King Philip II of Spain reacting quite angrily, as Florence was an Imperial fief and declared Pius Vs actions invalid. However, Maximilian eventually confirmed the elevation with an Imperial diploma in 1576, during the Holy League of 1571, Cosimo fought against the Ottoman Empire, siding with the Holy Roman Empire. The Holy League inflicted a defeat against the Ottomans at the Battle of Lepanto. Cosimos reign was one of the most militaristic Tuscany had ever seen, Cosimo experienced several personal tragedies during the later years of his reign. His wife, Eleanor of Toledo, died in 1562, along with four of his due to a plague epidemic in Florence. These deaths were to him greatly, which, along with illness
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
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Cosimo I de' Medici
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
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Flag
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
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The Grand Duke Ferdinando I.
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
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Maria Maddalena, Cosimo II and Ferdinando II, painting after
Justus Sustermans
3.
Kingdom of Italy
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The state was founded as a result of the unification of Italy under the influence of the Kingdom of Sardinia, which can be considered its legal predecessor state. Italy declared war on Austria in alliance with Prussia in 1866, Italian troops entered Rome in 1870, ending more than one thousand years of Papal temporal power. Italy entered into a Triple Alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1882, victory in the war gave Italy a permanent seat in the Council of the League of Nations. Fascist Italy is the era of National Fascist Party rule from 1922 to 1943 with Benito Mussolini as head of government, according to Payne, Fascist regime passed through several relatively distinct phases. The first phase was nominally a continuation of the parliamentary system, then came the second phase, the construction of the Fascist dictatorship proper from 1925 to 1929. The third phase, with activism, was 1929–34. The war itself was the phase with its disasters and defeats. Italy was allied with Nazi Germany in World War II until 1943 and it switched sides to the Allies after ousting Mussolini and shutting down the Fascist party in areas controlled by the Allied invaders. Shortly after the war, civil discontent led to the referendum of 1946 on whether Italy would remain a monarchy or become a republic. Italians decided to abandon the monarchy and form the Italian Republic, the Kingdom of Italy claimed all of the territory which is modern-day Italy. The development of the Kingdoms territory progressed under Italian re-unification until 1870, the state for a long period of time did not include Trieste or Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, which are in Italy today, and only annexed them in 1919. After the Second World War, the borders of present-day Italy were founded, the Kingdom of Italy was theoretically a constitutional monarchy. Executive power belonged to the monarch, as executed through appointed ministers, two chambers of parliament restricted the monarchs power—an appointive Senate and an elective Chamber of Deputies. The kingdoms constitution was the Statuto Albertino, the governing document of the Kingdom of Sardinia. In theory, ministers were responsible to the king. However, in practice, it was impossible for an Italian government to stay in office without the support of Parliament, members of the Chamber of Deputies were elected by plurality voting system elections in uninominal districts. A candidate needed the support of 50% of those voting, and of 25% of all enrolled voters, if not all seats were filled on the first ballot, a runoff was held shortly afterwards for the remaining vacancies. After a brief multinominal experimentation in 1882, proportional representation into large, regional, Socialists became the major party, but they were unable to form a government in a parliament split into three different factions, with Christian Populists and classical liberals
Kingdom of Italy
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Italian unification process.
Kingdom of Italy
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Flag
Kingdom of Italy
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Count Camillo Benso di Cavour, the first Prime Minister of the unified Italy.
Kingdom of Italy
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Victor Emmanuel II, the first King of the united Italy.
4.
Fairy tale novel
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Fairy tales may be distinguished from other folk narratives such as legends and explicitly moral tales, including beast fables. The term is used for stories with origins in European tradition and, at least in recent centuries. In less technical contexts, the term is used to describe something blessed with unusual happiness. Colloquially, a tale or fairy story can also mean any far-fetched story or tall tale, it is used especially of any story that not only is not true. Legends are perceived as real, fairy tales may merge into legends, Fairy tales are found in oral and in literary form, the name fairy tale was first ascribed to them by Madame dAulnoy in the late 17th century. Many of todays fairy tales have evolved from stories that have appeared, with variations. The history of the tale is particularly difficult to trace because only the literary forms can survive. Still, according to researchers at universities in Durham and Lisbon, such stories may date back thousands of years, Fairy tales, and works derived from fairy tales, are still written today. Folklorists have classified fairy tales in various ways, the Aarne-Thompson classification system and the morphological analysis of Vladimir Propp are among the most notable. Other folklorists have interpreted the significance, but no school has been definitively established for the meaning of the tales. It moves in a world without definite locality or definite creatures and is filled with the marvelous. In this never-never land, humble heroes kill adversaries, succeed to kingdoms, a fairy tale with a tragic rather than a happy end is called an anti-fairy tale. Although the fairy tale is a genre within the larger category of folktale. The term itself comes from the translation of Madame DAulnoys conte de fées, Vladimir Propp, in his Morphology of the Folktale, criticized the common distinction between fairy tales and animal tales on the grounds that many tales contained both fantastic elements and animals. Were I asked, what is a fairytale, I should reply, Read Undine, that is a fairytale. of all fairytales I know, I think Undine the most beautiful. As Stith Thompson points out, talking animals and the presence of magic seem to be common to the fairy tale than fairies themselves. However, the presence of animals that talk does not make a tale a fairy tale, especially when the animal is clearly a mask on a human face. Steven Swann Jones identified the presence of magic as the feature by which fairy tales can be distinguished from other sorts of folktales, davidson and Chaudri identify transformation as the key feature of the genre
Fairy tale novel
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1865 illustration of
Tom Thumb and the
Giant
Fairy tale novel
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From
The Facetious Nights of Straparola by
Giovanni Francesco Straparola
Fairy tale novel
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A picture by
Gustave Doré of
Mother Goose reading written (literary) fairy tales
Fairy tale novel
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Ivan Bilibin 's illustration of the Russian fairy tale about
Vasilisa the Beautiful
5.
The Adventures of Pinocchio
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The Adventures of Pinocchio is a novel for children by Italian author Carlo Collodi, written in Pescia. The first half was originally a serial in 1881 and 1882, published as La storia di un burattino and it is about the mischievous adventures of an animated marionette named Pinocchio and his father, a poor woodcarver named Geppetto. According to extensive research done by the Fondazione Nazionale Carlo Collodi in late 1990s and based on UNESCO sources and that makes it the most translated non-religious book in the world, and one of the best-selling books ever published. According to Francelia Butler, it remains the most widely read book in the world after the Bible, the Adventures of Pinocchio is a story about an animated puppet, boys who turn into donkeys and other fairy tale devices. The setting of the story is the Tuscan area of Italy and it was a unique literary marriage of genres for its time. The storys Italian language is peppered with Florentine dialect features, such as the protagonists Florentine name, in the 1850s, Collodi began to have a variety of both fiction and non-fiction books published. Once, he translated some French fairy-tales so well that he was asked whether he would like to write some of his own, the editor did, and the children loved it. The Adventures of Pinocchio were serialized in the paper in 1881–2, in the original, serialized version, Pinocchio dies a gruesome death, hanged for his innumerable faults, at the end of Chapter 15. In the second half of the book, the figure of the Blue-haired Fairy is the dominant character. Childrens literature was a new idea in Collodis time, an innovation in the 19th century, thus in content and style it was new and modern, opening the way to many writers of the following century. Other well regarded English translations include the 1926 translation by Carol Della Chiesa, creator Carlo Lorenzini was supposedly inspired from his obsession with the human nose. The popularity of the story was bolstered by the powerful philosopher-critic Benedetto Croce, the story begins in Tuscany, Italy. A carpenter named Master Antonio, but who everyone calls Master Cherry, has found a block of pinewood which he plans to carve into a leg for his table, when he begins, however, the log shouts out. Geppetto carves the block into a boy and names him Pinocchio, as soon as Pinocchios nose has been carved, it begins to grow with his congenital impudence. Before he is built, Pinocchio already has a mischievous attitude. Once the puppet has been finished and Geppetto teaches him to walk, Pinocchio runs out the door and he is caught by a Carabiniere, who assumes Pinocchio has been mistreated and imprisons Geppetto. Left alone, Pinocchio heads back to Geppettos house to get something to eat, once he arrives at home, a talking cricket who has lived in the house for over a century warns him of the perils of disobedience and hedonism. In retaliation, Pinocchio throws a hammer at the cricket, more accurately than he intended to and that evening, Pinocchio falls asleep with his feet on the stove, and wakes to find that they have burned off
The Adventures of Pinocchio
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illustration from 1911 edition by Attilio Mussino
The Adventures of Pinocchio
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The puppet master Mangiafuoco.
The Adventures of Pinocchio
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The Fox and the Cat, as drawn by
Enrico Mazzanti
6.
Italian unification
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The process began in 1815 with the Congress of Vienna and was completed in 1871 when Rome became the capital of the Kingdom of Italy. The memory of the Risorgimento is central to both Italian politics and Italian historiography, for short period is one of the most contested. Italian nationalism was based among intellectuals and political activists, often operating from exile, after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the Roman province of Italy remained united under the Ostrogothic Kingdom and later disputed between the Kingdom of the Lombards and the Byzantine Empire. Following conquest by the Frankish Empire, the title of King of Italy merged with the office of Holy Roman Emperor. However, the emperor was a foreigner who had little concern for the governance of Italy as a state, as a result. This situation persisted through the Renaissance but began to deteriorate with the rise of modern nation-states in the modern period. Italy, including the Papal States, then became the site of proxy wars between the powers, notably the Holy Roman Empire, Spain and France. Harbingers of national unity appeared in the treaty of the Italic League, in 1454, leading Renaissance Italian writers Dante Alighieri, Petrarch, Boccaccio, Niccolò Machiavelli and Francesco Guicciardini expressed opposition to foreign domination. Petrarch stated that the ancient valour in Italian hearts is not yet dead in Italia Mia, Niccolò Machiavelli later quoted four verses from Italia Mia in The Prince, which looked forward to a political leader who would unite Italy to free her from the barbarians. I am an Italian, he explained, the French Republic spread republican principles, and the institutions of republican governments promoted citizenship over the rule of the Bourbons and Habsburgs and other dynasties. The reaction against any outside control challenged Napoleons choice of rulers, as Napoleons reign began to fail, the rulers he had installed tried to keep their thrones further feeding nationalistic sentiments. After Napoleon fell, the Congress of Vienna restored the pre-Napoleonic patchwork of independent governments, vincenzo Gioberti, a Piedmontese priest, had suggested a confederation of Italian states under leadership of the Pope in his 1842 book, Of the Moral and Civil Primacy of the Italians. Pope Pius IX at first appeared interested but he turned reactionary, Giuseppe Mazzini and Carlo Cattaneo wanted the unification of Italy under a federal republic. That proved too extreme for most nationalists, the middle position was proposed by Cesare Balbo as a confederation of separate Italian states led by Piedmont. One of the most influential revolutionary groups was the Carbonari, a political discussion group formed in Southern Italy early in the 19th century. After 1815, Freemasonry in Italy was repressed and discredited due to its French connections, a void was left that the Carbonari filled with a movement that closely resembled Freemasonry but with a commitment to Italian nationalism and no association with Napoleon and his government. The response came from middle class professionals and business men and some intellectuals, the Carbonari disowned Napoleon but nevertheless were inspired by the principles of the French Revolution regarding liberty, equality and fraternity. They developed their own rituals, and were strongly anticlerical, the Carbonari movement spread across Italy
Italian unification
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Five Days of Milan, 18–22 March 1848
Italian unification
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Dante Alighieri
Italian unification
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Niccolò Machiavelli
Italian unification
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Guglielmo Pepe
7.
Charles Perrault
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Charles Perrault was a French author and member of the Académie Française. He laid the foundations for a new genre, the fairy tale. The best known of his tales include Le Petit Chaperon Rouge, Cendrillon, Le Chat Botté, La Belle au bois Dormant, some of Perraults versions of old stories have influenced the German versions published by the Brothers Grimm more than 100 years later. The stories continue to be printed and have adapted to opera, ballet, theatre. Perrault was a figure in the 17th-century French literary scene, and was the leader of the Modern faction during the Quarrel of the Ancients. Perrault was born in Paris to a bourgeois family, the seventh child of Pierre Perrault. He attended very good schools and studied law before embarking on a career in government service and he took part in the creation of the Academy of Sciences as well as the restoration of the Academy of Painting. In 1654, he moved in with his brother Pierre, who had purchased a post as the tax collector of the city of Paris. When the Academy of Inscriptions and Belles-Lettres was founded in 1663, Perrault was appointed its secretary and served under Jean Baptiste Colbert, Jean Chapelain, Amable de Bourzeys, and Jacques Cassagne were also appointed. His design was chosen over designs by Gian Lorenzo Bernini and François Mansart, in 1668, Perrault wrote La Peinture to honor the kings first painter, Charles Le Brun. He also wrote Courses de tetes et de bague, written to commemorate the 1662 celebrations staged by Louis for his mistress, Louise-Françoise de La Baume le Blanc, Perrault was elected to the Académie française in 1671. He married Marie Guichon, age 19, in 1672, she died in 1678, in 1669 Perrault advised Louis XIV to include thirty-nine fountains each representing one of the fables of Aesop in the labyrinth of Versailles in the gardens of Versailles. The work was carried out between 1672 and 1677, water jets spurting from the animals mouths were conceived to give the impression of speech between the creatures. There was a plaque with a caption and a written by the poet Isaac de Benserade next to each fountain. Perrault produced the guidebook for the labyrinth, Labyrinte de Versailles, printed at the press, Paris, in 1677. Philippe Quinault, a family friend of the Perraults, quickly gained a reputation as the librettist for the new musical genre known as opera. He was on the side of the Moderns and wrote Le Siècle de Louis le Grand, Le Siècle de Louis le Grand was written in celebration of Louis XIVs recovery from a life-threatening operation. Perrault argued that because of Louiss enlightened rule, the present age was superior in respect to ancient times
Charles Perrault
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Portrait (detail) by
Philippe Lallemand, 1672
Charles Perrault
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Perrault in an early 19th-century engraved frontispiece
Charles Perrault
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Theatre
8.
Allegory
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As a literary device, an allegory is a metaphor whose vehicle may be a character, place or event, representing real-world issues and occurrences. Many ancient religions are based on astrological allegories, that is, allegories of the movement of the sun, in classical literature two of the best-known allegories are the Cave in Platos Republic and the story of the stomach and its members in the speech of Menenius Agrippa. One of the examples of allegory, Platos Allegory of the Cave. In this allegory, Plato describes a group of people who have lived chained in an all of their lives. The people watch shadows projected on the wall by things passing in front of a fire behind them and begin to ascribe forms to these shadows, using language to identify their world. He tries to tell the people in the cave of his discovery, also allegorical is Ezekiel 16 and 17, wherein the capture of that same vine by the mighty Eagle represents Israels exile to Rome. Allegory has an ability to freeze the temporality of a story, Mediaeval thinking accepted allegory as having a reality underlying any rhetorical or fictional uses. The allegory was as true as the facts of surface appearances, if, then, the Greeks or others say that they were not committed to the care of Peter and his successors, they necessarily confess that they are not of the sheep of Christ. This text also demonstrates the frequent use of allegory in religious texts during the Mediaeval Period, following the tradition, since meaningful stories are nearly always applicable to larger issues, allegories may be read into many stories which the author may not have recognised. This is allegoresis, or the act of reading a story as an allegory. S, lewis and A Kingdom Far and Clear, The Complete Swan Lake Trilogy by Mark Helprin. The story of the apple falling onto Isaac Newtons head is another famous allegory and it simplified the idea of gravity by depicting a simple way it was supposedly discovered. It also made the scientific revelation well known by condensing the theory into a short tale. According to Henry Littlefields 1964 article, L. Yet, George MacDonald emphasised in 1893 that, A fairy tale is not an allegory, I much prefer history – true or feigned– with its varied applicability to the thought and experience of readers. I think that many confuse applicability with allegory, but the one resides in the freedom of the reader, and this further reinforces the idea of forced allegoresis, as allegory is often a matter of interpretation and only sometimes of original artistic intention. Like allegorical stories, allegorical poetry has two meanings – a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning, some unique specimens of allegory can be found in the following works, Edmund Spenser – The Faerie Queene, The several knights in the poem actually stand for several virtues. Nathaniel Hawthorne – Young Goodman Brown, The Devils Staff symbolises defiance of God, the characters names, such as Goodman and Faith, ironically serve as paradox in the conclusion of the story. Nathaniel Hawthorne – The Scarlet Letter, The scarlet letter symbolises many things, the characters, while developed with interiority, are allegorical in that they represent ways of seeing the world. George Orwell – Animal Farm, The pigs stand for political figures of the Russian Revolution, lászló Krasznahorkai - The Melancholy of Resistance and the film Werckmeister Harmonies, It uses a circus to describe an occupying dysfunctional government
Allegory
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Allegory of Music by
Filippino Lippi (between 1475 and 1500): The "Allegory of Music" is a popular theme in painting. Lippi uses
symbols popular during the
High Renaissance, many of which refer to Greek mythology.
Allegory
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Salvator Rosa:
Allegory of Fortune, representing
Fortuna, the Goddess of luck, with the
horn of plenty
Allegory
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British School 17th century - Portrait of a Lady, Called Elizabeth, Lady Tanfield. Sometimes the meaning of an allegory can be lost, even if art historians suspect that the artwork is an allegory of some kind.
Allegory
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Allegory of
Arithmetic, by
Laurent de La Hyre, c. 1650
9.
Marionette
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A marionette is a puppet controlled from above using wires or strings depending on regional variations. A marionettes puppeteer is called a marionettist, Marionettes are operated with the puppeteer hidden or revealed to an audience by using a vertical or horizontal control bar in different forms of theatres or entertainment venues. They have also used in films and on television. The attachment of the strings varies according to its character or purpose, in French, marionette means little Mary. One of the first figures to be made into a marionette was the Virgin Mary, Puppetry is an ancient form of performance. Some historians claim that they predate actors in theatre, there is evidence that they were used in Egypt as early as 2000 BC when string-operated figures of wood were manipulated to perform the action of kneading bread, and other string-controlled objects. Wire-controlled, articulated puppets made of clay and ivory have been found in Egyptian tombs, Marionette puppetry was used to display rituals and ceremonies using these string-operated figurines back in ancient times and is used today. Puppetry was practiced in Ancient Greece and the oldest written records of puppetry can be found in the works of Herodotus and Xenophon, archimedes is known to have worked with marionettes. Platos work also references to puppetry. The Iliad and the Odyssey were presented using puppetry, the roots of European puppetry probably extend back to the Greek plays with puppets played to the common people in the 5th century BC. By the 3rd century BC these plays would appear in the Theatre of Dionysus at the Acropolis, in ancient Greece and Rome clay and ivory dolls, dated from around 500 BC, were found in childrens tombs. These dolls had articulated arms and legs, some of which had a rod extending up from the tops of their heads. This rod was used to manipulate the doll from above, exactly as is today in Sicilian puppetry. A few of these dolls had strings in place of the rods, some researchers believe these ancient figures were mere toys and not puppets due to their small size. The Indian word sutradhara, from sutra, refers to the show-manager of theatrical performances, the sides of donkey carts are decorated with intricate, painted scenes from the Frankish romantic poems, such as The Song of Roland. These same tales are enacted in puppet theatres featuring hand-made marionettes of wood. A great place to see this marionette art is the theatres of Palermo. In the 18th century, operas were composed for marionettes
Marionette
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Jean-Pierre Norblin de La Gourdaine, Les Marionettes polonaises (
National Museum, Warsaw)
Marionette
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Ancient Greek terracotta puppet dolls, 5th/4th century BC,
National Archaeological Museum, Athens
Marionette
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From a production of
Mozart 's
Magic Flute by the
Salzburg Marionette Theatre
Marionette
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The 1952
Andy Pandy title card. The card was not actually a card as the blocks turned to reveal the title one block at a time.
10.
Pinocchio
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Pinocchio, the name a variant of common pinolo, is a fictional character and the protagonist of the childrens novel The Adventures of Pinocchio by Italian writer Carlo Collodi. Carved by a woodcarver named Geppetto in a village near Florence, he was created as a wooden puppet, as one of the most reimagined characters in childrens literature, his story has been adapted into other media. Pinocchios characterization varies across interpretations, but some aspects of his character are consistent across all adaptations and he is consistently shown to be a creation as a puppet by Geppetto, and the size of his nose changing due to his lies or stress. Pinocchio is known for having a nose that becomes longer when he is under stress. In the original tale, Collodi describes him as a rascal, imp, scapegrace, disgrace, ragamuffin, upon being born, Pinocchio immediately laughs derisively in his creators face, whereupon he steals the old mans wig. Pinocchios bad behavior, rather than being charming or endearing, is meant to serve as a warning, Collodi originally intended the story, which was first published in 1881, to be a tragedy. It concluded with the puppet’s execution, pinocchio’s enemies, the Fox and the Cat, bind his arms, pass a noose around his throat, and hang him from the branch of an oak tree. A tempestuous northerly wind began to blow and roar angrily, and it beat the poor puppet from side to side, making him swing violently, and the swinging gave him atrocious spasms. His breath failed him and he could say no more. He shut his eyes, opened his mouth, stretched his legs, gave a long shudder, Pinocchio is a wooden marionette and not a hand puppet. But the piece of wood from which he is derived is animated, basically good, he often gets carried away by bad company and is prone to lying. His nose will become longer and longer once he starts lying to others, because of these characteristics he often finds himself in trouble, from which, however, he always manages to get out. In the last chapter, out of the mouth of The Terrible Dogfish with Geppetto, finally stops being a puppet, in the novel, Pinocchio is often depicted with a pointy hat, a jacket and a pair of colored, knee-length pants. In the Disney version, the appearance is different, and the character is dressed in Tyrolean style, with Lederhosen. Pinocchios nose is his best-known characteristic and it grows in length when he tells a lie, this appears in chapter XVI. It should be noted how Collodi himself, in Note gaie claims how to hide the truth of a speculum animae face is added to the true nose another papier-mache nose. There is an inconsistency, however, because his nose grows when it is first carved by Geppetto, the nose only appears a couple of times in the story, but it reveals the Blue Fairys power over Pinocchio when he acts disobediently. After struggling and weeping over his nose, the Blue Fairy summons woodpeckers to peck it back to normal. Some literary analysts have described Pinocchio as an epic hero, like many Western literary heroes, such as Odysseus, Pinocchio descends into hell, he also experiences rebirth through metamorphosis, a common motif in fantasy literature
Pinocchio
–
Original art by
Enrico Mazzanti
Pinocchio
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Pinocchio, by
Carlo Chiostri (1901)
Pinocchio
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A giant statue of Pinocchio in the park Parco di Pinocchio,
Pescia.
Pinocchio
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"Una probabile morte di Pinocchio",
Walther Jervolino, oil on canvas
11.
Pinocchio (1940 film)
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Pinocchio is a 1940 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Productions and based on the Italian childrens novel The Adventures of Pinocchio by Carlo Collodi. It was the animated feature film produced by Disney, made after the success of Snow White. The plot of the film involves an old wood-carver named Geppetto who carves a puppet named Pinocchio. The puppet is brought to life by a fairy, who informs him that he can become a real boy if he proves himself to be brave, truthful. Pinocchios efforts to become a real boy involve encounters with a host of unsavory characters, the film was adapted by Aurelius Battaglia, William Cottrell, Otto Englander, Erdman Penner, Joseph Sabo, Ted Sears, and Webb Smith from Collodis book. The production was supervised by Ben Sharpsteen and Hamilton Luske, and the sequences were directed by Norman Ferguson, T. Hee, Wilfred Jackson, Jack Kinney. Pinocchio was an achievement in the area of effects animation, giving realistic movement to vehicles, machinery and natural elements such as rain, lightning, smoke, shadows. The film was released to theaters by RKO Radio Pictures on February 7,1940, critical analysis of Pinocchio identifies it as a simple morality tale that teaches children of the benefits of hard work and middle-class values. It eventually made a profit in its 1945 reissue, and is considered one of the greatest animated films ever made, the film and characters are still prevalent in popular culture, featuring at various Disney parks and in other forms of entertainment. In 1994, Pinocchio was added to the United States National Film Registry for being deemed culturally, historically, Jiminy Cricket explains that he is going to tell a story of a wish coming true. His story begins in the workshop of a woodworker named Geppetto, Jiminy watches as Geppetto finishes work on a wooden marionette whom he names Pinocchio. Before falling asleep, Geppetto makes a wish on a star that Pinocchio be a real boy, during the night, a Blue Fairy visits the workshop and brings Pinocchio to life, although he still remains a puppet. She informs him if he proves himself brave, truthful, and unselfish, he will become a real boy. Geppetto discovers that his wish has come true, and is filled with joy. However, on his way to school, Pinocchio is led astray by Honest John the Fox and his companion, Gideon the Cat, Pinocchio becomes Strombolis star attraction as a marionette who can sing and dance without strings. However, when Pinocchio wants to go home for the night, Jiminy arrives to see Pinocchio, and is unable to free him. The Blue Fairy appears, and asks Pinocchio why he was not at school, Jiminy urges Pinocchio to tell the truth, but instead he starts telling lies, which causes his nose to grow longer and longer. Pinocchio vows to be good from now on, and the Blue Fairy returns his nose to its form and sets him free
Pinocchio (1940 film)
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Theatrical release poster
Pinocchio (1940 film)
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Ollie Johnston
Pinocchio (1940 film)
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Frank Thomas
Pinocchio (1940 film)
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Dickie Jones (right) voices Pinocchio in the film.
12.
Basilica di San Miniato al Monte
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San Miniato al Monte is a basilica in Florence, central Italy, standing atop one of the highest points in the city. It has been described as one of the finest Romanesque structures in Tuscany, there is an adjoining Olivetan monastery, seen to the right of the basilica when ascending the stairs. St. Miniato or Minas was an Armenian prince serving in the Roman army under Emperor Decius and he was denounced as a Christian after becoming a hermit and was brought before the Emperor who was camped outside the gates of Florence. The Emperor ordered him to be thrown to beasts in the Amphitheatre where a panther was called upon him but refused to devour him. Beheaded in the presence of the Emperor, he is alleged to have picked up his head, crossed the Arno, a shrine was later erected at this spot and there was a chapel there by the 8th century. Construction of the present church was begun in 1013 by Bishop Alibrando, the adjoining monastery began as a Benedictine community, then passed to the Cluniacs and then in 1373 to the Olivetans, who still run it. The monks make famous liqueurs, honey and herbal teas, which they sell from a next to the church. The interior exhibits the early feature of a choir raised on a platform above the large crypt and it has changed little since it was first built. The patterned pavement dates from 1207, the centre of the nave is dominated by the beautiful freestanding Cappella del Crocefisso, designed by Michelozzo in 1448. It originally housed the miraculous crucifix now in Santa Trìnita and is decorated with panels long thought to be painted by Agnolo Gaddi, the terracotta decoration of the vault is by Luca della Robbia. The mosaic of Christ between the Virgin and St Minias was made in 1260, the crypt is the oldest part of the church and the high altar supposedly contains the bones of St Minias himself. In the vaults are frescoes by Taddeo Gaddi, the raised choir and presbytery contain a magnificent Romanesque pulpit and screen made in 1207. The apse is dominated by a mosaic dating from 1297. The crucifix above the altar is attributed to Luca della Robbia. The sacristy is decorated with a fresco cycle on the Life of St Benedict by Spinello Aretino. His is the tomb in the church. The chapel is a collaboration of outstanding artists of Florence, it was designed by Brunelleschis associate, Antonio Manetti, the tomb was made by Antonio and Bernardo Rossellino. The chapel decoration is by Alesso Baldovinetti, Antonio and Piero del Pollaiuolo, the eagle which crowns the façade was their symbol
Basilica di San Miniato al Monte
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San Miniato al Monte and the Bishop's Palace.
Basilica di San Miniato al Monte
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Interior of the church.
Basilica di San Miniato al Monte
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Zodiac detail, from the
opus sectile pavement in San Miniato
Basilica di San Miniato al Monte
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The mosaic depicting St. Miniato to the right of Christ holding a crown. The inscription reads: S. MINIATUS REX ERMINIE.
13.
International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker
International Standard Book Number
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A 13-digit ISBN, 978-3-16-148410-0, as represented by an
EAN-13 bar code
14.
Wikisource
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Wikisource is an online digital library of free content textual sources on a wiki, operated by the Wikimedia Foundation. Wikisource is the name of the project as a whole and the name for each instance of that project, the projects aims are to host all forms of free text, in many languages, and translations. Originally conceived as an archive to store useful or important historical texts, the project officially began in November 24,2003 under the name Project Sourceberg. The name Wikisource was adopted later that year and it received its own domain name seven months later, the project has come under criticism for lack of reliability but it is also cited by organisations such as the National Archives and Records Administration. The project holds works that are either in the domain or freely licensed, professionally published works or historical source documents, not vanity products. Verification was initially made offline, or by trusting the reliability of digital libraries. Now works are supported by online scans via the ProofreadPage extension, some individual Wikisources, each representing a specific language, now only allow works backed up with scans. While the bulk of its collection are texts, Wikisource as a whole hosts other media, some Wikisources allow user-generated annotations, subject to the specific policies of the Wikisource in question. Wikisources early history included several changes of name and location, the original concept for Wikisource was as storage for useful or important historical texts. These texts were intended to support Wikipedia articles, by providing evidence and original source texts. The collection was focused on important historical and cultural material. The project was originally called Project Sourceberg during its planning stages, in 2001, there was a dispute on Wikipedia regarding the addition of primary source material, leading to edit wars over their inclusion or deletion. Project Sourceberg was suggested as a solution to this, perhaps Project Sourceberg can mainly work as an interface for easily linking from Wikipedia to a Project Gutenberg file, and as an interface for people to easily submit new work to PG. Wed want to complement Project Gutenberg--how, exactly, and Jimmy Wales adding like Larry, Im interested that we think it over to see what we can add to Project Gutenberg. It seems unlikely that primary sources should in general be editable by anyone -- I mean, Shakespeare is Shakespeare, unlike our commentary on his work, the project began its activity at ps. wikipedia. org. The contributors understood the PS subdomain to mean either primary sources or Project Sourceberg, however, this resulted in Project Sourceberg occupying the subdomain of the Pashto Wikipedia. A vote on the name changed it to Wikisource on December 6,2003. Despite the change in name, the project did not move to its permanent URL until July 23,2004, since Wikisource was initially called Project Sourceberg, its first logo was a picture of an iceberg
Wikisource
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The original Wikisource logo
Wikisource
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Screenshot of wikisource.org home page
Wikisource
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::: Original text
Wikisource
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::: Action of the modernizing tool
15.
Project Gutenberg
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Project Gutenberg is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works, to encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks. It was founded in 1971 by Michael S. Hart and is the oldest digital library, most of the items in its collection are the full texts of public domain books. The project tries to make these as free as possible, in long-lasting, as of 3 October 2015, Project Gutenberg reached 50,000 items in its collection. The releases are available in plain text but, wherever possible, other formats are included, such as HTML, PDF, EPUB, MOBI, most releases are in the English language, but many non-English works are also available. There are multiple affiliated projects that are providing additional content, including regional, Project Gutenberg is also closely affiliated with Distributed Proofreaders, an Internet-based community for proofreading scanned texts. Project Gutenberg was started by Michael Hart in 1971 with the digitization of the United States Declaration of Independence, Hart, a student at the University of Illinois, obtained access to a Xerox Sigma V mainframe computer in the universitys Materials Research Lab. Through friendly operators, he received an account with an unlimited amount of computer time. Hart has said he wanted to back this gift by doing something that could be considered to be of great value. His initial goal was to make the 10,000 most consulted books available to the public at little or no charge and this particular computer was one of the 15 nodes on ARPANET, the computer network that would become the Internet. Hart believed that computers would one day be accessible to the general public and he used a copy of the United States Declaration of Independence in his backpack, and this became the first Project Gutenberg e-text. He named the project after Johannes Gutenberg, the fifteenth century German printer who propelled the movable type printing press revolution, by the mid-1990s, Hart was running Project Gutenberg from Illinois Benedictine College. More volunteers had joined the effort, all of the text was entered manually until 1989 when image scanners and optical character recognition software improved and became more widely available, which made book scanning more feasible. Hart later came to an arrangement with Carnegie Mellon University, which agreed to administer Project Gutenbergs finances, as the volume of e-texts increased, volunteers began to take over the projects day-to-day operations that Hart had run. Starting in 2004, an online catalog made Project Gutenberg content easier to browse, access. Project Gutenberg is now hosted by ibiblio at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Italian volunteer Pietro Di Miceli developed and administered the first Project Gutenberg website and started the development of the Project online Catalog. In his ten years in this role, the Project web pages won a number of awards, often being featured in best of the Web listings, Hart died on 6 September 2011 at his home in Urbana, Illinois at the age of 64. In 2000, a corporation, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Long-time Project Gutenberg volunteer Gregory Newby became the foundations first CEO, also in 2000, Charles Franks founded Distributed Proofreaders, which allowed the proofreading of scanned texts to be distributed among many volunteers over the Internet
Project Gutenberg
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Michael Hart (left) and Gregory Newby (right) of Project Gutenberg, 2006
Project Gutenberg
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Project Gutenberg
Project Gutenberg
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Formats
16.
Internet Archive
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The Internet Archive is a San Francisco–based nonprofit digital library with the stated mission of universal access to all knowledge. As of October 2016, its collection topped 15 petabytes, in addition to its archiving function, the Archive is an activist organization, advocating for a free and open Internet. Its web archive, the Wayback Machine, contains over 150 billion web captures, the Archive also oversees one of the worlds largest book digitization projects. Founded by Brewster Kahle in May 1996, the Archive is a 501 nonprofit operating in the United States. It has a budget of $10 million, derived from a variety of sources, revenue from its Web crawling services, various partnerships, grants, donations. Its headquarters are in San Francisco, California, where about 30 of its 200 employees work, Most of its staff work in its book-scanning centers. The Archive has data centers in three Californian cities, San Francisco, Redwood City, and Richmond, the Archive is a member of the International Internet Preservation Consortium and was officially designated as a library by the State of California in 2007. Brewster Kahle founded the Archive in 1996 at around the time that he began the for-profit web crawling company Alexa Internet. In October 1996, the Internet Archive had begun to archive and preserve the World Wide Web in large quantities, the archived content wasnt available to the general public until 2001, when it developed the Wayback Machine. In late 1999, the Archive expanded its collections beyond the Web archive, Now the Internet Archive includes texts, audio, moving images, and software. It hosts a number of projects, the NASA Images Archive, the contract crawling service Archive-It. According to its web site, Most societies place importance on preserving artifacts of their culture, without such artifacts, civilization has no memory and no mechanism to learn from its successes and failures. Our culture now produces more and more artifacts in digital form, the Archives mission is to help preserve those artifacts and create an Internet library for researchers, historians, and scholars. In August 2012, the Archive announced that it has added BitTorrent to its file download options for over 1.3 million existing files, on November 6,2013, the Internet Archives headquarters in San Franciscos Richmond District caught fire, destroying equipment and damaging some nearby apartments. The nonprofit Archive sought donations to cover the estimated $600,000 in damage, in November 2016, Kahle announced that the Internet Archive was building the Internet Archive of Canada, a copy of the archive to be based somewhere in the country of Canada. The announcement received widespread coverage due to the implication that the decision to build an archive in a foreign country was because of the upcoming presidency of Donald Trump. Kahle was quoted as saying that on November 9th in America and it was a firm reminder that institutions like ours, built for the long-term, need to design for change. For us, it means keeping our cultural materials safe, private and it means preparing for a Web that may face greater restrictions
Internet Archive
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Since 2009, headquarters have been at 300 Funston Avenue in
San Francisco, a former
Christian Science Church
Internet Archive
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Internet Archive
Internet Archive
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Mirror of the Internet Archive in the
Bibliotheca Alexandrina
Internet Archive
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From 1996 to 2009, headquarters were in the
Presidio of San Francisco, a former U.S. military base
17.
LibriVox
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On 6 August 2016, the project completed project number 10,000. Most releases are in the English language, but many works are also available. There are multiple affiliated projects that are providing additional content, LibriVox is closely affiliated with Project Gutenberg from where the project gets some of its texts, and the Internet Archive that hosts their offerings. LibriVox was started in August 2005 by Montreal-based writer Hugh McGuire, who set up a blog, the first recorded book was The Secret Agent by Joseph Conrad. LibriVox is an invented word inspired by Latin words liber in its genitive form libri and vox, the word was also coined because of other connotations as liber also means child and free, independent, unrestricted. As the LibriVox forum says it, We like to think LibriVox might be interpreted as child of the voice, finally, the other link we like is library so you could imagine it to mean Library of Voice. There has been no decision or consensus by LibriVox founders or the community of volunteers for a single pronunciation of LibriVox and it is accepted that any audible pronunciation is accurate. LibriVox is a volunteer-run, free content, Public Domain project and it has no budget or legal personality. The development of projects is managed through an Internet forum, supported by an admin team, in early 2010, LibriVox ran a fundraising drive to raise $20,000 to cover hosting costs for the website of about $5, 000/year and improve front- and backend usability. Volunteers can choose new projects to start, either recording on their own or inviting others to join them, once a volunteer has recorded his or her contribution, it is uploaded to the site, and proof-listened by members of the LibriVox community. Finished audiobooks are available from the LibriVox website, and MP3, recordings are also available through other means, such as iTunes, and, being free of copyright, they are frequently distributed independently of LibriVox on the Internet and otherwise. LibriVox only records material that is in the domain in the United States. Because of copyright restrictions, LibriVox produces recordings of only a number of contemporary books. These have included, for example, the 9/11 Commission Report and it contains much popular classic fiction, but also includes less predictable texts, such as Immanuel Kants Critique of Pure Reason and a recording of the first 500 digits of pi. The collection also features poetry, plays, religious texts and non-fiction of various kinds, in January 2009, the catalogue contained approximately 55 percent fiction and drama,25 percent non-fiction and 20 percent poetry. By the end of 2016, the most viewed item was The Adventures of Tom Sawyer in a 2006 solo recording by John Greenman, around 90 percent of the catalogue is recorded in English, but recordings exist in 31 languages altogether. Chinese, French and German are the most popular languages other than English amongst volunteers, LibriVox has garnered significant interest, in particular from those interested in the promotion of volunteer-led content and alternative approaches to copyright ownership on the Internet. It has received support from the Internet Archive and Project Gutenberg, intellectual freedom and commons proponent Mike Linksvayer described it in 2008 as perhaps the most interesting collaborative culture project this side of Wikipedia
LibriVox
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Hugh McGuire, founder of LibriVox
18.
Find a Grave
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Find a Grave is a website that allows the public to search and add to an online database of cemetery records. It is owned by Ancestry. com, the worlds largest for-profit genealogy company, the site was created in 1995 by Salt Lake City resident Jim Tipton to support his hobby of visiting the burial sites of celebrities. He later added an online forum, Find a Grave was launched as a commercial entity in 1998, first as a trade name and then incorporated in 2000. The site later expanded to include graves of non-celebrities, in order to allow visitors to pay respect to their deceased relatives or friends. In 2013, Tipton sold Find a Grave to Ancestry. com, burial information is a wonderful source for people researching their family history. In a September 30,2013, press release, Ancestry, as of March 2017, Find a Grave contained over 159 million burial records and 75 million photos. The website contains listings of cemeteries and graves from around the world, american cemeteries are organized by state and county, and many cemetery records contain Google Maps and photographs of the cemeteries and gravesites. Individual grave records may contain dates and places of birth and death, biographical information, cemetery and plot information, photographs, Interment listings are added by individuals, genealogical societies, and other institutions such as the International Wargraves Photography Project. Contributors must register as members to submit listings, called memorials, the submitter becomes the manager of the listing but may transfer management. Only the current manager of a listing may edit it, although any member may use the features to send correction requests to the listings manager. Managers may add links to other listings of deceased spouses, parents, members may post requests for photos of a specific grave, these requests will be automatically sent to other members who have registered their location as being near that grave. Find a Grave also maintains lists of memorials of famous persons by their claim to fame, such as Medal of Honor recipients, religious figures, Find a Grave exercises editorial control over these listings. Canadian Headstones Interment. net National Cemetery Administrations Nationwide Gravesite Locator Random Acts of Genealogical Kindness Tombstone tourist Colker, web site answers grave concerns about stars. Web site attracts millions of grave-seekers, Find VIPs who R. I. P. through online cemetery. Genealogy, Find a Grave tremendous on many different levels, terre Haute, Indiana, Community Newspaper Holdings Inc. Archived from the original on May 14,2011, tip, Find a Grave has info youre dying to know. Tracking Down Relatives, Visiting Graves Virtually, media related to Images from Find A Grave at Wikimedia Commons Official website
Find a Grave
Find a Grave
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Find A Grave.com's current headquarters in
Provo, Utah
19.
Candlewick (character)
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Candlewick is a fictional character who appears in Carlo Collodis book The Adventures of Pinocchio. Candlewick is introduced in chapter XXX and his real name is Romeo, though he is given his nickname on account of his slender, polished build. He is described as the most unruly of Pinocchio’s class, though he is the puppet’s best friend, the two are transported to the Land of Toys by The Coachman, and spend their days indulging in play and idleness. After five months, both of them awake with donkey ears, which they conceal with tall caps, the two are reluctant to admit their condition to each other, but after some coaxing, they simultaneously remove their caps and laugh at each other. Their laughter soon turns to animal brayings and the two transform into a pair of donkeys, while Pinocchio is sold to a circus ringleader, Candlewick is sold to a farmer who makes him work at a water mill. In a later chapter, Pinocchio is sold to a drummer who attempts to drown the donkey in order to skin his hide, the man is then surprised that instead of finding a dead donkey, he sees Pinocchio who says the fish ate away at all his donkey skin. Pinocchio and Candlewick meet again in chapter XXXVI, where it is revealed that Candlewick is dying from exhaustion. Pinocchio, now returned to normal, temporarily takes on Candlewicks job of doing farm work, Candlewick dies from exhaustion not long after. Candlewick then appeared in Walt Disneys 1940 animated adaptation of Pinocchio and he is given the alternate translation of his name, Lampwick, and is voiced by Frankie Darro as a human and Clarence Nash in his donkey form. Like his literary version, he is tall and slender, and sports red hair, Jiminy Cricket finds Pinocchio playing pool with Lampwick and the latter bullies him calling Jiminy a grasshopper and beetle, laughing at him after Jiminy threatens to fight him. Shortly after this altercation, Jiminy notices that the boys on Pleasure Island are literally turning into jackasses, Lampwicks transformation is swift, within a minute, he loses all humanity and is last seen wrecking the pool hall in panic. In the live action Lampwick has often starred in Disneylands Electrical Parade along with a boy from Pleasure Island. Lampwick and the boys have tails and donkey ears and wave to guests at Disneyland. The first child actor to play the role of Candlewick was Guglielmo Selvaggio in The Adventures of Pinocchio directed by Giannetto Guardone in 1947, Lampwick appears in Un burattino di nome Pinocchio a 1972 Italian animated adaptation of Pinocchio. He is portrayed like the story, a lazy boy who dislikes school. They play many games and eat food and go on amusement rides. Eventually he and Pinocchio transform into donkeys and are sold to a farmer, the character is voiced by Italian actress Flaminia Jandolo in the original version and by Canadian actor Paul Kligman in the 1978 English-dubbed version. Like his Disney counterpart, he is transformed into a donkey, eventually, they and a few other boys ride a roller coaster
Candlewick (character)
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Lucignolo, as illustrated by Enrico Mazzanti
20.
The Coachman
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He drives to Busy Bee Island on a coach pulled by twenty four donkeys which mysteriously wear white shoes on their hooves. By the time he arrives to take Pinocchio and Candlewick to the Land of Toys, his carriage is completely packed, leaving Candlewick to sit in front with him, the donkey throws Pinocchio off, and is reproached by the coachman, who bites half its right ear off. When Pinocchio remounts the donkey, the animal begins to weep like a human, the coachman again reproaches the animal by biting off half its other ear. He violently breaks into their house, meticulously waxes their fur, Candlewick is bought by a farmer, while Pinocchio is bought by a circus ringleader. The Coachman appears in the 1940 Disney film adaptation, where he is voiced by Charles Judels, unlike LOmino who worked alone, Disneys Coachman enlists Honest John and Gideon to help him lure wayward boys to take to Pleasure Island and ultimately turn them into donkeys to sell. Also shown are numerous silent, black, ape-like henchmen working for him on the island, unlike the books Little Man, Disneys Coachman is large, physically imposing, and has a harsh, rather than alluring voice, along with a Cockney accent. Though physically and verbally abusive toward the children-turned-donkeys, he does not mutilate them as in the book, like Stromboli, the Coachmans ultimate fate is never revealed. In Giuliano Cencis 1972 adaptation Un burattino di nome Pinocchio, the Coachman, however, he is not portrayed as violently as in the book. In Pinocchios Christmas, there is a driver that works for a rich duke who is based on the Coachman. In Steve Barrons 1996 live action film The Adventures of Pinocchio, the Coachmans role is fused with that of Mangiafuoco, who is played by Udo Kier. After Pinocchio accidentally sets Lorenzinis theatre on fire, Lorenzini changes career and begins luring unruly children to Terra Magica, there, the children inevitably drink cursed water which turns them into donkeys. Lorenzini, during a struggle with Pinocchio, falls into the water, in the 1999 live action film Pinocchio, the Coachman is renamed Mr. Gypsy. He is very similar to the coachman in the 1940 Walt Disney film with a hoarse voice. Collodi, Le Avventure di Pinocchio 1883, Biblioteca Universale Rizzoli
The Coachman
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Il conduttiere del carro, as illustrated by
Enrico Mazzanti
The Coachman
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The Coachman, as portrayed in the 1940 Disney film
Pinocchio
The Coachman
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L'Omino, as portrayed in
Un burattino di nome Pinocchio
21.
The Fairy with Turquoise Hair
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The Fairy with Turquoise Hair is a fictional character in Carlo Collodis 1883 book The Adventures of Pinocchio. She repeatedly appears at moments in Pinocchios wanderings to admonish the little wooden puppet to avoid bad or risky behavior. Although the naïvely willful marionette initially resists her good advice, he comes to follow her instruction. She in turn protects him, and later enables his assumption of human form, the character is the inspiration for the Blue Fairy in Disneys adaptation of the story. The Fairy with Turquoise Hair makes her first appearance in chapter XV, Pinocchio, who is being chased by The Fox and the Cat, pleads with the Fairy to allow him entrance. The Fairy cryptically responds that all inhabitants of the house, including herself, are dead, the pair catches and hangs Pinocchio from a tree. In the following chapter, it is established that the girl is a fairy who has lived in the forest for more than a thousand years. She takes pity on Pinocchio, and sends a falcon to take him down from the tree, after a visit from three doctors consisting of an Owl, a Crow, and the Talking Cricket, the Fairy attempts to give Pinocchio medicine in order to heal his injuries. Pinocchio refuses to take the medicine on account of its sour taste, frightened by this display, Pinocchio drinks the medicine, and later tells the Fairy of his previous adventures. When he includes untruths, his nose begins to lengthen, which the Fairy explains is due to his lies, in his impatience, Pinocchio leaves the house in an attempt to meet his father on the way. In the following chapter, Pinocchio is transported to the Island of Busy Bees, unaware of the deception, Pinocchio offers to carry buckets of water to her house in exchange for a meal. After eating, Pinocchio recognises the Fairys turquoise hair, the Fairy agrees to adopt him as her son, and promises to turn him into a real boy, provided he earns it through hard study and obedience for one year. Later, she reveals to Pinocchio that his days of puppethood are almost over, and that she will organise a celebration in his honour, five months later, Pinocchio is transformed into a donkey, and later thrown into the sea by his handler. Whereupon the Fairy sends a shoal of fish to consume his donkeys appearance until he is returned to his puppet form, taking the form of a blue-furred mountain goat, the Fairy warns Pinocchio of the impending arrival of The Terrible Dogfish, but is unsuccessful. It is revealed in chapter XXXVI that she gives a house to the Talking Cricket while she was in the form of the mountain goat. The Fairy becomes ill too, so Pinocchio gives some of the money hes earned to her snail to give to her and she finally appears to Pinocchio in a dream, and commends him for having taken care of his ailing father and herself. Upon awakening, Pinocchio has become human, and all his coins have turned to gold. In Walt Disneys Pinocchio, the Fairy is referred to as The Blue Fairy and it is she who brings Pinocchio to life and having appointed Jiminy Cricket as Pinocchios conscience
The Fairy with Turquoise Hair
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La Fata dai Capelli Turchini, as illustrated by C.Chiostri
The Fairy with Turquoise Hair
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La Fata dai Capelli Turchini, as portrayed in Giuliano Cencis'
Un burattino di nome Pinocchio
22.
Figaro (Disney)
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Figaro is a fictional character who first appeared in Disneys Pinocchio. Figaro is probably best known as the pet cat of Mister Geppetto and he has also starred independently in a number of Disney shorts, as the pet cat of Minnie Mouse, as it was common for Disney characters to be transposed from movies to cartoon shorts. Three of the cartoons he appeared in were his own cartoons, Figaro and Cleo, Bath Day and Figaro, similar to Pluto, Figaro is one of the few Disney characters who is not anthropomorphized, but just a normal cat. In the 1970s Disney mini-comics, Figaro not only guest-starred with other Disney characters/comics but had his own column on various Felines as Figaros Feline Friends. After nearly a 50-year hiatus of not being in any new Disney cartoons, Figaro, while the video game Kingdom Hearts featured a level taking place inside Monstros belly and included Pinocchio, Gepetto and Cleo, Figaro was absent. Figaros most recent appearance has been in episodes of Mickey Mouse Clubhouse. Figaro is the mascot of RAF Ace Ian Gleeds Hawker Hurricanes during, and after, vb Trop which he flew while he was in action over the Western Desert and the Mediterranean during the middle of the war. Archived from the original on July 25,2016
Figaro (Disney)
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Figaro
23.
The Fox and the Cat
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The Fox and the Cat are a pair of fictional characters who appear in Carlo Collodis book The Adventures of Pinocchio. Both are depicted as con-men, who lead Pinocchio astray and unsuccessfully attempt to murder him, the pair pretend to sport disabilities, the Fox lameness and the Cat blindness. The Fox is depicted as the more intelligent of the two, with the Cat usually limiting itself to repeating the Foxs words, a white blackbird warns Pinocchio against these lies, but is eaten by the Cat. The Fox covered up this action by claiming that the blackbird talks too much, the pair lead Pinocchio to the Red Prawn Inn, where they eat a large meal and ask to be awoken at midnight. When Pinocchio leaves the inn, the two attack him in disguise of murderers, and in the struggle, Pinocchio bites off the Cats paw. The murderers then hang Pinocchio from a tree, which he escapes with the assistance of The Fairy with Turquoise Hair who enlisted a falcon to cut him down. The next day, Pinocchio encounters the pair again, unaware that they are the murderers that hung him, and they lead Pinocchio to the town of Catchfools, where the coins are soon buried. In Pinocchios absence, the pair dig up the coins and escape, Pinocchio learned of this from a parrot who mocked him for falling for their tricks. Near the end of the book, Pinocchio encounters the Fox and this time, the pair have become impoverished, whereas the Fox is now truly lame, nearly hairless, and tailless, and the Cat truly blind. They plead for food or money, but are rebuffed by Pinocchio while stating that it serves them right for their wickedness and he then leaves saying goodbye to his false friends. In the 1940 Disney film Pinocchio, the Fox and the Cat are given the names John Worthington Foulfellow or Honest John, apart from his three hiccups, Gideon is mute. Though portrayed as scoundrels, they never go as far as attempting to murder Pinocchio, the subplot of the Field of Miracles is absent. The duo were set to make an appearance in the 2009 RPG video game Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days but were cut for space restrictions. In the Disney book Pinocchios Promise, Foulfellow and Gideon see Pinocchio walking into town to give a cuckoo clock to Gepettos friend Mrs. Ramono whereupon he is diverted to a circus. Foulfellow attempts to sell the clock elsewhere while Gideon takes Pinocchio to the circus with two expired tickets, but abandons the boy when the latter is scolded by the admission attendant, Pinocchio reports Foulfellows trickery to the local police. Foulfellow and Gideon are arrested by the police and Pinocchio gives the clock to Mrs. Ramono, in a Disney book adaption of the tale The Emperors New Clothes, the two, posing as tailors, trick the emperor. The Fox and the Cat appear in the 1972 miniseries The Adventures of Pinocchio, portrayed by Ciccio Ingrassia and they are depicted as humans but with fur, whiskers and pointy ears. As in the book, the Fox is the more articulate of the two, and the Pair attempt to murder Pinocchio for his coins, though the Cat is not crippled by Pinocchio as in the book, at the end of the film, the two are impoverished
The Fox and the Cat
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The Fox and the Cat, as drawn by
Enrico Mazzanti
The Fox and the Cat
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Il Gatto e la Volpe, as portrayed in Giuliano Cencis
Un burattino di nome Pinocchio
24.
Mister Geppetto
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Mister Geppetto, also Mastro Geppetto, is a fictional character in the novel The Adventures of Pinocchio by Carlo Collodi. Geppetto is an elderly, impoverished woodcarver and the creator of Pinocchio and he wears a yellow wig resembling cornmeal mush, and consequently his neighbors call him Polendina to annoy him. Geppetto is a form of Giuseppe. Geppetto is introduced when carpenter Mister Antonio finds a block of pinewood which he was about to carve into a leg for his table. When Geppetto drops by looking for a piece of wood to build a marionette, Geppetto, being extremely poor and thinking on making a living as a puppeteer, carves the block into a boy and names him Pinocchio. Before he is even built Pinocchio already has a mischievous attitude, once the puppet has been finished and Geppetto teaches him to walk, Pinocchio runs out the door and away into the town. He is caught by a carabiniere, but when people say that Geppetto dislikes children, the next morning, Geppetto is released from jail and finds that Pinocchios feet have burnt off, and replaces them. When Geppetto feeds him three pears, Pinocchio promises to go to school, but because Geppetto has no money to buy school books, he sells his only coat. Geppetto is next seen when Pinocchio believes that the Fairy with Turquoise Hair has died and a pigeon carries him to the seashore, where Geppetto is building a boat to search for Pinocchio. Pinocchio tries to swim to Geppetto, but is washed underwater while Geppetto is swallowed by The Terrible Dogfish, Pinocchio and Geppetto escape the Dogfish, and are thence conveyed to shore by a tuna. In the Disney animated film, Geppetto is introduced as a shop keeper finishing Pinocchio, before falling asleep, Geppetto makes a wish on a falling star that Pinocchio come to life. During the night, the Blue Fairy grants Geppettos wish, the next day, he sends Pinocchio on his first day of school. En route, Pinocchio meets Honest John and Gideon, who convince him to join Strombolis puppet show instead, determined to rescue his father, Pinocchio is reunited with Geppetto and his pets in Monstros throat, where Pinocchio burns spare furniture to choke their captor into releasing them. This done, Monstro pursues them to the coast, where Pinocchio pulls Geppetto to safety, while Geppetto mourns Pinocchio at home, the Blue Fairy revives Pinocchio, and makes him human. Geppetto appeared the year in the short All Together, made for the Canadian government. Disneys version of Geppetto has also made appearances in Disneys House of Mouse as well as in the Kingdom Hearts series of games in the Monstro world. Gepetto is widely rumoured to be the inspiration behind the Movember charity event, Geppetto is title character in the 2000 made-for-television musical, portrayed by Drew Carey. He dearly wishes to become a father until one night, the Blue Fairy appears in his workshop, the next day, Geppetto sends Pinocchio off to school, telling him to just act like all of the other children and hell be alright
Mister Geppetto
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Geppetto carving Pinocchio.
Mister Geppetto
Mister Geppetto
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Geppetto, in a calm manner.
25.
The Green Fisherman
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The Green Fisherman is a fictional character who appears in Carlo Collodis book The Adventures of Pinocchio. He dwells in a sea cave on the coast of Busy Bee Island where he lives on a diet seemingly composed entirely of sea life and he is described as. so ugly, he looked like a sea monster. Instead of hair, he had on his head a dense clump of grass, green was the skin on his body, green were his eyes. He looked like a great lizard erected on its hind legs and he also writes that The Fisherman represents murder through ignorance, referring to the fact that he tries to eat Pinocchio, unaware he was not an edible fish. Encountered in chapter XXVIII, the Fisherman accidentally captures Pinocchio in his net while fishing and he is surprised that Pinocchio is able to talk, but does not understand when he identifies himself as a puppet. The Fisherman deduces that Pinocchio is a kind of rare puppet-fish, when Pinocchio breaks down in despair, the Fisherman decides to fry him. Just as the Fisherman is about to lower Pinocchio into a pan, his cave is visited by a mastiff named Alidoro. The mastiff, upon recognizing Pinocchio, pounces on the Fisherman, the Fisherman has so far appeared in two film adaptations of Collodis book. Giuliano Cencis 1972 adaptation Un burattino di nome Pinocchio, that shows the Fisherman almost exactly as he is portrayed in the book, collodi, Le Avventure di Pinocchio 1883, Biblioteca Universale Rizzoli
The Green Fisherman
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Il Pescatore Verde, as illustrated by Enrico Mazzanti
26.
Mangiafuoco
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Mangiafuoco is the fictional director and puppet master of the Great Marionette Theatre, who appears in Carlo Collodis book The Adventures of Pinocchio. A large man so ugly, he evoked fear by simply being looked at and he had a beard as black as a smudge of ink and so long that it fell from his chin down to the ground, enough so that when he walked, he stepped on it. Though imposing, Mangiafuoco is portrayed as easily moved to compassion, moved by Pinocchios lamentations, Mangiafuoco decides to burn one of his own puppets, Harlequin, instead. In the 1940 animated Disney film Pinocchio, Mangiafuoco is renamed Stromboli, the character is voiced by Charles Judels, and animated by Bill Tytla. Unlike Mangiafuoco, who meets Pinocchio by chance, Stromboli buys Pinocchio from Honest John and Gideon and earns a great deal of money by showing Pinocchio on stage. Stromboli is at first portrayed as gruff but kind-hearted, but suddenly locks Pinocchio in a cage, stating that once he is too old to work, Pinocchio escapes with the help of the Blue Fairy. Like all the villains in the film, the fate of Stromboli is never stated, revealed. Despite his limited time, Stromboli is one of Disneys most infamous. The character has been praised by critics for possessing the ability to instill in audiences both laughter and fear, william Paul drew some parallelism that It is not too difficult to regard Stromboli as burlesque of a Hollywood studio boss, complete with foreign accent. Disneys own relationship to the Hollywood power structure was always a difficult one, during the premiere of Pinocchio, Frank Thomas sat in front of W. C. Fields, who, upon Strombolis entrance, muttered to whoever was with him that the puppet master moves too much, michael Barrier agrees with Fields criticism, considering Stromboli a poorly conceived character whose passion has no roots. There is nothing in Stromboli of what could have made him truly terrifying, leonard Maltin disagrees, considering Pinocchios encounter with the showman to be the wooden boys first taste of the seamy side of life. Tosses his hatchet into the remnants of another ragged marionette, now a pile of splinters and sawdust, though the character is Italian, characteristics such as Strombolis facial expressions, obsession with wealth, and long black goats beard have led some to make comparisons with Jewish stereotypes. Stromboli has repeatedly denied links to the Italian mafia, in Giuliano Cencis 1972 adaptation Un burattino di nome Pinocchio, Mangiafuocos portrayal is true to the book in design and personality. He is voiced by Michele Gammino and he appears in the 1972 miniseries The Adventures of Pinocchio, played by Lionel Stander. In the 1993 direct to video adaptation entitled Pinocchio from GoodTimes Entertainment, Mangiafuoco is not identified by name and he initially adopts Pinocchio into his puppet troupe when he enlists Volpe and Felinet to bring Pinocchio to him. Lorenzini has a craving for chilli peppers, identified as the cause of his fiery breath, after Pinocchio accidentally sets Lorenzinis theatre on fire, Lorenzini begins luring bad naughty boys to Terra Magica, where the children inevitably drink cursed water which turns them into donkeys. Lorenzini, during a struggle with Pinocchio, falls into the water, in Happily Ever After, Fairy Tales for Every Child, the character Mr. Buzzard is based on Stromboli
Mangiafuoco
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Mangiafuoco, as illustrated by Enrico Mazzanti
27.
Talking Cricket
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The Talking Cricket is a fictional character that appears in Carlo Collodis 1883 book The Adventures of Pinocchio. When Pinocchio refuses to listen, the Cricket states, You are a puppet and whats worse is that you have a head of wood, whereupon Pinocchio throws a mallet at the cricket, killing him. In chapter XIII, the Cricket appears as a ghost to Pinocchio, telling him to home rather than keep an appointment with the Fox. Pinocchio refuses and in chapter XIV, he is subsequently injured, the Cricket reappears in chapter XVI, where his colleagues, the Crow and the Owl, and he tend to Pinocchios injuries. Trouble awaits boys who rebel against their parents and capriciously abandon their paternal home. They will never experience goodness in this world, and sooner or later, they will have to pay for it sourly. - chapter IV My boy and they are usually either mad or charlatans. Heed my words, and turn back, - chapter XIII Now you call me “your dear little cricket”, true. But do you not recall when, to me from your house. His relationship with Pinocchio is much less adversarial than in the book, Jiminy Cricket later appears in Disneys House of Mouse and Kingdom Hearts voiced by Eddie Carroll. In later projects following Eddie Carrolls death, Phil Snyder and Joe Ochman have since voiced Jiminy Cricket, the only difference in characterization is that he does not reappear in the Fairys house as a doctor. In the 1992 direct to video adaptation from GoodTimes Entertainment, the Cricket is much like Jiminy Cricket, in Steve Barrons 1996 live action film The Adventures of Pinocchio, the Cricket is a CGI character named Pépé and is much like Jiminy Cricket. He is a character who advises Pinocchio against Volpe and Felinet as well as the main antagonist Lorenzini. In the Happily Ever After, Fairy Tales for Every Child episode Pinocchio, the Cricket is actually a termite named Woody, in Roberto Benignis 2002 live action film Pinocchio, the Cricket also made an appearance and is played by Peppe Barra with John Cleese doing his English voice-dub. The Cricket is similar to Jiminy Cricket and is a companion to Pinocchio, the Talking Cricket appears in Once Upon a Time, played by Raphael Sbarge. His human alter-ego is local psychiatric counselor, and part-time legal advisor, Dr. Archie Hopper, the Talking Cricket appeared in the 2012 Pinocchio film, voiced by Carolo Valli with his English dub voice provided by Arthur Grosser. Collodi, Le Avventure di Pinocchio 1883, Biblioteca Universale Rizzoli
Talking Cricket
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Il Grillo Parlante, as illustrated by Enrico Mazzanti
Talking Cricket
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Il Grillo Parlante, as portrayed in Giuliano Cencis's cartoon
Un burattino di nome Pinocchio
28.
Jiminy Cricket
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He is different from real crickets, which are black or dark brown, with very long antennae. Since his debut in Pinocchio, he has become a recurring iconic Disney character and has numerous other appearances. The characters name is a play on the exclamation Jiminy Cricket, a minced oath for Jesus Christ – which itself was uttered in Pinocchios immediate Disney predecessor, 1937s Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Another example occurs in the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz, wherein Dorothy cries, when she is startled by the Wizards pyrotechnics. Garland also uses the expression in her 1938 film Listen, Darling and it is also used several times in the 1930 movie Anna Christie and in the 1938 Mickey Mouse cartoon Brave Little Tailor. However, Walt Disney persuaded him to stay by giving him the assignment of designing Jiminy Cricket, Jiminy Cricket has been voiced in English by five different actors. He was originally performed by singer Cliff Edwards, who voiced the character for Disney through the 1960s and sang Jiminys most famous song, When You Wish Upon A Star. After Edwards death, Clarence Nash voiced him for a period of time, until 1973. Carroll died in 2010, and the voice actor for Jiminy Cricket, Phil Snyder. Raphael Sbarge voices Jiminy in Once Upon a Tike where he also portrays him in form as well. In the Italian dub of the Disney adaptation, Jiminy Cricket was voiced by Carlo Romano, after Pinocchio, Jiminy appeared in Fun and Fancy Free as the host of the cartoon segments. The character also hosted a one-hour segment ABC Radio special in 1947 and he also hosted many Disney television specials. Additionally, in a segment of the childrens television series The Mickey Mouse Club. In the 1950s–70s, Jiminy Cricket appeared in four series of films aimed at grade-school audiences. In the Im No Fool series, he advised children how to clear of dangerous traffic, sharp objects, strangers, exposed electrical lines. Several of those series were first shown on The Mickey Mouse Club from 1955 though 1959, the second series, called You, teaches about the human body with the refrain You are a human animal. This, too, was shown on the Mickey Mouse Club. The third series, The Nature Of Things, combined live-action and animation, in the 1950s, on The Mickey Mouse Club, he also sang two related songs related to safety, Stop, Look, And Listen, and Safety First
Jiminy Cricket
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Jiminy Cricket in the original trailer for
Pinocchio
29.
The Terrible Dogfish
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The Terrible Dogfish is a dogfish-like sea monster, which appears in Carlo Collodis 1883 book The Adventures of Pinocchio. It is described as being larger than a five story building, so fearsome is its reputation, that in chapter XXXIV, it is revealed that the Dogfish is nicknamed The Attila of fish and fishermen. The Dogfish makes its first appearance in chapter XXXIV when Pinocchio, the Fairy with Turquoise Hair, in the form of a mountain goat, warns Pinocchio of the Dogfish too late, and the puppet is swallowed whole, along with a tuna whom Pinocchio befriends. Pinocchio discovers his father, who reveals that he has trapped within the Dogfish for two years, surviving on ship supplies swallowed by the creature. When Pinocchios strength begins to fail, the tuna helps them reach the shore, the two search for the monster, but are frustrated by the fear the various nekton display at the mention of his name. Upon their encounter with him, Monstro swallows Pinocchio, who discovers Geppetto in Monstros throat, Monstro was animated by Wolfgang Reitherman, the go-to man for action sequences among Disneys Nine Old Men. The Disney version of Monstro also appears in the video game Kingdom Hearts as a supporting world, after Kingdom Hearts is sealed, Monstro presumably returns to his world. He later reappears in Kingdom Hearts, Chain of Memories, as a figment of Sora, Monstro himself is not physically seen, but card rooms resembling his bowels are explored. In the Final Mix version of Kingdom Hearts, Birth by Sleep and he reappears as a sub-world in his homeworld, Pranksters Paradise, in Kingdom Hearts 3D, Dream Drop Distance. In addition, Monstro had a guest star appearance in a Bonkers comic story titled Whale of a Tale, the Whale also plays a notable role in the Disneyland version of Fantasmic. and also has a smaller role in the Dancing Bubbles scene in the Disneys Hollywood Studios version. In Giuliano Cencis 1972 adaptation Un burattino di nome Pinocchio, the Terrible Dogfish is portrayed similarly to that of the book, in the 1984 episode of Faerie Tale Theatre, the Terrible Dogfish is replaced with a gigantic killer whale. In the 1993 direct to video adaptation by GoodTimes Entertainment, the Terrible Dogfish is portrayed like its original, in the 2002 Italian film Pinocchio, the Terrible Dogfish is depicted as a colossal Great White Shark. In the anime manga series MÄR, Pinocchios Guardian ARM Fastico Galleon is an enormous whale-like creature based on Monstro of the Disney animated film, in ABCs Once Upon A Time, Monstro makes a brief appearance in the episode The Stranger, in which his Disney role is reiterated. Collodi, Le Avventure di Pinocchio 1883, Biblioteca Universale Rizzoli
The Terrible Dogfish
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Il Terribile Pescecane swallows Pinocchio, as drawn by Enrico Mazzanti
The Terrible Dogfish
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"Monstro" as portrayed in
Pinocchio (1940)
30.
Pinocchio in Outer Space
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Pinocchio in Outer Space is a 1965 Belgian-American animated film which sets Carlo Collodis Pinocchio character on a rocketship adventure. Peter Lazer does the voice of Pinocchio, the film was produced by Ray Goossens at Belvision Studios, with American involvement from Norm Prescott and Fred Ladd. The French version was titled Pinocchio dans lespace and the Dutch version was known as Pinocchio in de ruimte, the film was released in the USA by Universal Pictures. It was Universals second animated film that it distributed and its last one until 1986s An American Tail, the talking cricket character was not present in this production. Instead, Pinocchios sidekick was Nurtle, an alien Twertle sent by his government to investigate an unusual increase of radiation on Mars, together they do battle against Astro, a marauding intergalactic whale who was seeking revenge after being abducted by a mysterious race of Martians
Pinocchio in Outer Space
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Pinocchio in Outer Space
31.
Pinocchio (1972 film)
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Pinocchio is a 1972 Italian animated film adaptation of Carlo Collodis The Adventures of Pinocchio. The film was directed by Giuliano Cenci with assistance from his brother Renzo, during production, Carlo Collodis grandchildren Mario and Antonio Lorenzini were consulted. For the design of the Fairy, Italian portrayals of the Blessed Virgin Mary in art were used as starting points, renato Rascel was chosen to serve as both the singer of the introductory song and as the narrator. He was permitted to occasionally ad lib in order to get the message across. For the design of Pinocchio, the animators took inspiration to illustrations made by Attilio Mussino, in 1978, an English-dubbed version was released in the US by G. G. List of animated feature-length films Pinocchio at the Internet Movie Database
Pinocchio (1972 film)
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Pinocchio
32.
Pinocchio and the Emperor of the Night
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Pinocchio and the Emperor of the Night is an American animated fantasy adventure film that was released on December 25,1987 by New World Pictures. Created by Filmation, the movie underperformed at the box office, costing $10 million, a bumblebee named Lieutenant Grumblebee is woken from his sleep by the arrival of a large sinister looking ship. A man named Puppetino remarks that this is the spot for the carnival. Stakes and ropes fly from the ship and a circus tent forms, a year after being made human by the Good Fairy, Pinocchio celebrates his first birthday with Mister Geppetto. The Good Fairy appears and teaches Pinocchio that love is his most powerful gift and she brings to life one of Pinocchios own carvings, a wooden glow worm, to act as Pinocchios conscience. Pinocchio, surprised, accidentally names it Gee Willikers, after the party Pinocchio offers to deliver a jewel box to the mayor for Geppetto. En route he encounters Scalawag and Igor, who trick him into trading the box for the Pharaohs Ruby, the ruby turns out to be a fake and Geppetto is furious. Pinocchio runs away, leaving Gee Willikers behind, Pinocchio looks for work at the carnival and is entranced by a blonde marionette named Twinkle. Puppetino recognises Pinocchio and uses Twinkle to lure him into joining the carnival, Puppetino starts playing an organ grinder, causing Pinocchio to dance uncontrollably and slowly transform back into a puppet. Puppetino attaches strings to Pinocchios hands and feet, completing the transformation, the Good Fairy appears and awakens Pinocchio, explaining that he lost his freedom because he took it for granted. She reminds him of the importance of choice before restoring him to human form, Pinocchio decides to retrieve the jewel box. Willikers objects, so Pinocchio sets him aside and travels alone and he finds Scalawag the Raccoon and Igor the Monkey, who inform him that the box is at the carnival, which has returned to the ship. The trio pursue the ship by boat. As they travel, the ship arrives, capturing the boat. Willikers, carried to the river by Grumblebee, latches onto Pinocchios pocket as they drift into the ship, Scalawag recognizes the ship as the Empire of the Night. A boatman offers Pinocchio a ride to the box, leaving Scalawag. The boatman says the box is in the opposite, darker end of a cavern, Pinocchio prefers the brighter path, and they row to the Neon Cabaret. A doorman says that Pinocchio can play if he signs a contract
Pinocchio and the Emperor of the Night
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Theatrical release poster
33.
Pinocchio (1992 film)
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Pinocchio is a direct-to-video 49-minute animated film originally released on May 11,1992. It is based on the novel of the same name by Italian author Carlo Collodi. The film was produced by Diane Eskenazi of American Film Investment Corporation II and was distributed by Trimark Pictures. Pinocchio - He is a wooden puppet that Geppetto made using an enchanted piece of wood. Pinocchio instantly comes to life and immediately begins getting into mischief, luckily, hell see the guidance of his new friend, Cricket and that of the kind Blue Fairy. Geppetto - Geppetto is an old toymaker who feels despair after people start buying and less and less of his toys, for this, he decides to make a toy for himself, a small wooden puppet. When his puppet comes to life, he gives him the name of Pinocchio and instantly, gepetto is heartbroken when Pinocchio disappears leaving no trace and will not hesitate to sail around the entire world if thats what itll take to find his little boy. Talking Cricket - A small cricket, he is the first to meet Pinocchio after he becomes alive and they both soon become friends and Cricket becomes Pinocchios most faithful advisor, never leaving his side. Although a bit of a coward, Cricket never even thinks of abandoning Pinocchio when danger lurks by, such as when he meets the Wolf and the Cat. The Blue Fairy - Kind, soft-spoken and sweet, the Blue Fairy becomes a figure over Pinocchio, guiding and looking after him at all times. She takes Pinocchio into her home after he is lost in the woods, when the Blue Fairy believes that Pinocchio has been swallowed by a whale, her heart breaks and her life endangers but the good Pinocchio will know how to repay all her help and kindness. The Fox and the Cat - Two wicked, greedy individuals are the main antagonists for poor Pinocchio. When they learn about his five gold coins, they follow him around until they can get their hands on all five of them including a plan to make him grow a tree in the Field of Wishes. Though Pinocchios innocence and ignorance about the evil of the world make their scheme much easier. Whiskers - Geppettos pet cat The Puppet Master - A kind old man who gives Pinocchio five gold coins, candlewick - A foolish boy who leads Pinocchio into Dunceland. The Ringmaster - A wicked man who buys Pinocchio after he is turned into a donkey, the Coachman - A man who gives all stupid boys a ride to Dunceland. The Swallow - A kind swallow who helps Pinocchio on his journey and informs him of the fate of the Blue Fairy
Pinocchio (1992 film)
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Pinocchio
34.
The Adventures of Pinocchio (1996 film)
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Mister Geppetto is an earnest woodcutter. Years ago, he carved the image of his heart into a tree for his secret love Leona. A few years later, Geppetto finds the tree again. But it splits in half and rolls down the bank, landing at his feet, Geppetto is intrigued upon his discovery and takes the log home. He discovers that the pine log refuses to be burned, he decides to carve the new puppet with his heart on it. His puppet named Pinocchio is soon mysteriously come to life by a sentient force after his creation. Pinocchio approaches the woodcutter, initially alarming him, after a chase throughout the town, Geppetto finally finds Pinocchio and starts teaching him about how to behave. While wandering through town, Pinocchio becomes involved with two thieves Volpe and Felinet who attempt to flatter Pinocchio, Geppetto comes to the rescue by getting Pinocchio away from Volpe & Felinet and warns Pinocchio not to wander off with strangers. Volpe & Felinet go to the puppet master Lorenzini who owns a puppet theater. Felinet tells him about Pinocchio and Lorenzini appears interested, so he visits Geppetto that afternoon to barter for Pinocchio, Lorenzini is amazed to see how Pinocchio talks, However, Geppetto refuses to sell Pinocchio and instead sells some of his own puppets. During the meeting, however, Pinocchio accidentally falls out of the window and ends up following a group of children to the local school, but he gets into a scuffle with Lampwick and his friend Saleo who bully him and prompt him to assault them. When Pinocchio lies about it, his nose begins growing longer, the Professor punishes Pinocchio by forcing him to leave the school. Out of bitterness, Pinocchio causes a commotion in a bakery in which the bakers wife causes more damage than the puppet, Geppetto is held responsible for the puppets actions and is arrested. While Geppetto spends the night in a cell, Pinocchio returns home and meets the voice of truth in the form of a wise. He promises to help Pinocchio to become a boy, if he will start behaving properly. However, Pinocchio is tracked down by the police and arrested, the next day, Geppetto and Pinocchio stand before the judge as the bakers wife sways the court in her favor. The judge rules that unless Geppetto can pay for the damages, Lorenzini steps in and offers to pay off the debt, on the condition that Pinocchio be handed over to his custody. Geppetto strongly protests yet eventually gives in after being reminded of his financial state
The Adventures of Pinocchio (1996 film)
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Theatrical release poster
The Adventures of Pinocchio (1996 film)
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The Adventures of Pinocchio: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
35.
Geppetto (film)
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Geppetto is a 2000 made-for-television musical remake of the popular children’s book The Adventures of Pinocchio and the original 1940 Disney film, starring Drew Carey and Julia Louis-Dreyfus. It featured original songs written by Stephen Schwartz, Schwartz had developed the songs as a reunion for Mary Poppins stars Julie Andrews and Dick Van Dyke, but Andrews was undergoing throat surgery so the idea was dropped. Careys role in the film became a recurring butt-of-jokes on his series Whose Line is it Anyway, Geppetto is a poor toymaker who desperately wishes to become a father. The next day, Geppetto sends Pinocchio off to school, telling him to just act like all the other children, however, Pinocchio gets into a fight at school, in which he was imitating all the other children. A disappointed Geppetto takes him home where an unsuccessful puppeteer named Stromboli becomes interested, Geppetto, still furious at Pinocchios misbehavior, tries to reason with the Blue Fairy, but she doesnt believe him. He returns home to apologize to Pinocchio, only to find out he ran away to live with Stromboli, Geppetto decides to say goodbye to Pinocchio by watching him perform in Strombolis puppet show. Stromboli is pleased with Pinocchio as his star puppet which has made him lots of money, but when Pinocchio asks to let him go, Stromboli refuses, stating it would violate a contract he was supposed to sign. When Geppetto arrives, hoping to say goodbye, Stromboli explains that Pinocchio left after the show, after he leaves, Stromboli is outraged when he notices that Pinocchio ran away from the show and spots him boarding a stagecoach to Pleasure Island. He decides to recapture him while Geppetto goes out to him as well, with the Blue Fairy following him. Along the way, he meets a magician named Lezarno and Professor Buonragazzo who lives in the town of Idyllia. He then arrives at Pleasure Island where he finds out it harnesses a terrible curse in which all the boys turn into donkeys after riding a rollercoaster, Geppetto, trying to keep up with the boat, accidentally gets swallowed by a monstrous whale. Pinocchio jumps off the boat and into the water where he gets swallowed by the whale as well, afterwards, they return to the toy shop where Stromboli arrives to take Pinocchio back, still keeping him under the contract he signed. Geppetto offers him his whole toy shop in exchange for Pinocchio, as Stromboli captures him, Geppetto begs and pleads to the Blue Fairy, who can no longer help, to grant him one last wish. The Fairy then turns Pinocchio into a boy with her magic. Pinocchio and Geppetto live happily ever after and the words on the sign of Geppettos shop now read, - Stromboli Toys - Geppetto, Lezarno Satisfaction Guaranteed - Professor Buonragazzo, Buonragazzo Jr. Walt Disney Home Video released the film on VHS May 30,2000 and it was later released to DVD on September 26 of that year, and subsequently reissued on January 13,2009. In 2006, Geppetto was adapted into a musical and renamed Disneys My Son Pinocchio
Geppetto (film)
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Geppetto
36.
A.I. Artificial Intelligence
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Artificial Intelligence, also known as A. I. is a 2001 American science fiction drama film directed by Steven Spielberg. The screenplay by Spielberg was based on a story by Ian Watson. The film was produced by Kathleen Kennedy, Spielberg and Bonnie Curtis and it stars Haley Joel Osment, Jude Law, Frances OConnor, Brendan Gleeson and William Hurt. Set in a futuristic post-climate change society, A. I. tells the story of David, development of A. I. originally began with producer-director Stanley Kubrick after he acquired the rights to Aldiss story in the early 1970s. Kubrick hired a series of writers until the mid-1990s, including Brian Aldiss, Bob Shaw, Ian Watson, in 1995, Kubrick handed A. I. to Spielberg, but the film did not gain momentum until Kubricks death in 1999. Spielberg remained close to Watsons film treatment for the screenplay, the film divided critics, with the overall balance being positive, and grossed approximately $235 million. The film was nominated for two Academy Awards at the 74th Academy Awards, for Best Visual Effects and Best Original Score, a. I. is dedicated to Stanley Kubrick. In the late 22nd century, global warming has flooded the coastlines, wiping out coastal cities such as Amsterdam, Venice, and New York City, There is a new class of robots called Mecha, advanced humanoids capable of emulating thoughts and emotions. David, a prototype, is designed to resemble a human child and they test their creation with one of their employees, Henry Swinton, and his wife Monica. The Swintons son, Martin, had placed in suspended animation until a cure could be found for his rare disease. Initially frightened of David, Monica eventually warms up enough to him to activate his imprinting protocol and he is also befriended by Teddy, a robotic teddy bear, who takes it upon himself to care for Davids well-being. A cure is found for Martin and he is home, as he recovers, it becomes clear he does not want a sibling. First, he attempts to make Teddy choose whom he likes more and he then makes David promise to do something and in return Martin will tell Monica that he loves his new brother, making her love him more. The promise David makes is to go to Monica in the middle of the night and this upsets the parents, particularly Henry, who fears that the scissors are a weapon, and warns Monica that a robot programmed to love may also be able to hate. At a pool party, one of Martins friends unintentionally activates Davids self-protection programming by poking him with a knife, David grabs Martin, apparently for protection, but they both fall into the pool. David sinks to the bottom while still clinging to Martin, Martin is saved from drowning, but Henry mistakes Davids fear during the pool incident as hate for Martin. Henry persuades Monica to return David to Cybertronics, where he will be destroyed, however, Monica cannot bring herself to do this and abandons David in the forest to hide as an unregistered Mecha. David is captured for an anti-Mecha Flesh Fair, an event where obsolete, David is nearly killed, but the crowd is swayed by his fear into believing he is human and he escapes with Gigolo Joe, a male prostitute Mecha on the run after being framed for murder
A.I. Artificial Intelligence
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Theatrical release poster
37.
A Tree of Palme
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A Tree of Palme is a March 10,2002 Japanese anime film, written and directed by Takashi Nakamura. It was a selection of the 2002 Berlin Film Festival. A Tree of Palme is an interpretation of the Pinocchio tale and it concerns a small puppet, Palme, who was tasked by his creator to look over his ailing wife, Xian. After her death, Palme is visited by a woman whom he mistakenly believes to be Xian. Shaken out of his sadness, Palme accepts her request to deliver something special to a place known as Tama. This sets Palme off on a journey to discover his own emotions, parumu no Ki at the Internet Movie Database A Tree of Palme at Anime News Networks encyclopedia
A Tree of Palme
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Theatrical Poster for A Tree of Palme
38.
Pinocchio (2002 film)
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Pinocchio is a 2002 Italian fantasy comedy-drama film directed by and starring Roberto Benigni. The film is based on The Adventures of Pinocchio by Carlo Collodi and it was shot in Italy and Kalkara, Malta. Pinocchio was released in Italy in October 2002, and in the United States in December 2002, a magical log falls off a wagon and rolls through an Italian town causing considerable damage and some injuries. It comes to rest in front of the house of Geppetto, to Geppettos surprise, the puppet comes to life and to his dismay, it becomes very mischievous. Geppetto sells his only coat to provide schoolbooks for Pinocchio, however, the rambunctious puppet goes on several adventures, dreading school. He joins a theater and is almost eaten by the gigantic puppet master Mangiafuoco. Pinocchio lies to get out of the situation, claiming misery and poverty in his family, the watchful Blue Fairy, who encourages him to give up his obnoxious ways, saves him from a hanging by the disguised crooks with the help of her servant Medoro. She gives Pinocchio medicine and when he refuses it, coffin-bearing rabbits dressed as Undertakers appear, Pinocchio immediately consumes the medicine, lying that he wanted to drink it in the first place but that the Fairy would not let him. When the Blue Fairy asks Pinocchio about the coins he had, Pinocchio lies to her and says he lost them. The Blue Fairy, knowing of his constant fibbing, tells him there are two types of lies, those with short legs and those with long noses. Pinocchio promises the Fairy that from there on he will try his best to be good, Pinocchio encounters the Fox and the Cat again who remind him of digging his coins in the Meadow of Miracles outside of Grabadimwit. While Pinocchio is away waiting for the tree to grow, the Fox, Pinocchio finds that the coins have been dug up as the Talking Cricket is told about it. Pinocchio brings up the Fox and the Cats crimes to a gorilla judge, while in jail, he meets Lucignolo, another truant thief who is let out soon after Pinocchio is admitted in. Geppetto continues his search for Pinocchio, four months later as part of a celebration for the birth of a Kings son, he is set free with the other inmates when he convinces the warden that he is a crook. He stumbles across the grave of the Blue Fairy, who died of grief because of his antics. A Dove tells Pinocchio that she has seen his father heading out to sea to look for him, Pinocchio arrives at the shores where he finds Geppetto on his ship. After nearly drowning in the ocean in an attempt to save his father, upon arriving at the womans house, Pinocchio discovers that the lady is actually the Blue Fairy in disguise. She states that she has faked her death in order to forgive Pinocchio, once again starting anew, he is on his way to school when he gets into a fight with his schoolmates
Pinocchio (2002 film)
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Theatrical poster
39.
Pinocchio 3000
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Pinocchio 3000 is a 2004 Canadian-French-Spanish computer-animated science fantasy film distributed by Christal Films. The story centers on the legend of Pinocchio attempting to fit into living with humans, having difficulties, becoming frustrated with them. Most of the elements and characters have been used, in different forms. The story takes place in the town of Scamboville, a futuristic city constantly under development under the reign of its namesake, the story begins with an inventor named Geppetto making a robot, Pinocchio, as his son. Meanwhile, a mayor named Scamboli is building a technological city called Scamboville to get rid of nature. He also hates all children, except for his beloved daughter, when Marlene expresses concerns to Scamboli about there being no space for children to have fun, he sets out to make a kids-only theme park called Scamboland. That night, Geppetto and Spencer the Penguin are preparing to make Pinocchio come to life, but Scamboli has seized control of the city mains to light up his theme park for the Grand Opening, so, Geppetto has no choice but to steal his electricity. Suddenly, Scamboland has a power outage and the children leave, after Pinocchio comes to life, much to his familys delight, Cyberina the fairy appears. She decides to grant Geppettos wish to turn Pinocchio into a boy if he learns about right. The next morning, Pinocchio is walking his way to school with Spencer when he meets up with Zach, Cynthia, Marlene challenges Pinocchio to an Imagination game, hosted by Cyberina. Marlene wins the game, but Pinocchio snatches the medal from her, as he runs away, he comes across Scambolis robotic henchmen, Cabby and Rodo, who take Pinocchio to see Scamboli. While they talk to other, Pinocchio says, Life would be great if kids were more like us. With the true opening of Scamboland, he makes Pinocchio into an attraction, while Pinocchio performs at a concert, Scamboli kidnaps Geppetto. Afterward, all the board a roller coaster ride called A Whale of a Change. Meanwhile, Pinocchio gives Marlene her medal back and befriends her, as they awaken the next morning, Marlene is crestfallen to find that Scambobots have destroyed her garden. Hearing Pinocchio laughing at her dismay, she gives the medal to him, but Pinocchio, realizing that he had accidentally helped Scamboli, leaves to find his Dad. He returns home, but finds that his father isnt there and he tells Pinocchio that he went off to get him, so they head off to find him, only to find Scamboli turned Geppetto into a robot to kill Pinocchio. Marlene arrives and helps Pinoccchio to avoid the many dangers
Pinocchio 3000
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Pinocchio 3000
40.
Hinokio
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Hinokio is a 2005 Japanese science fiction film directed by Takahiko Akiyama and starring Masatoshi Nakamura, Kanata Hongo and Mikako Tabe. Its tagline is Inter Galactic Love, a recent accident has left Satoru Iwamoto, an elementary school student, temporarily wheelchair-ridden. In addition, the recent loss of his mother has thrown Satoru into a reclusive state, the robot, piloted by Satoru from a large control terminal in his room, is nicknamed Hinokio by his classmates. Hinokio is mostly admired by his students, and they together start a generally normal year of school. But the story soon dwells more on Satoru, himself, as he rediscovers love and friendship through classmate Jun Kudo and also his own father
Hinokio
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Hinokio film poster
41.
Pinocchio (2012 film)
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Pinocchio is a 2012 Italian animation film directed by Enzo DAlò. It is based on the novel The Adventures of Pinocchio by Carlo Collodi, the film had a budget of about 8 million euros. It was screened out of competition at the 70th Venice International Film Festival, the original score was composed by Lucio Dalla, and includes songs performed by Leda Battisti and Nada. The vocal cast of the film includes Rocco Papaleo, Maurizio Micheli, Paolo Ruffini, Andy Luotto, in a small village in Tuscany, the poor carpenter Geppetto decides to fabricate a wooden puppet with socket because he feels himself alone. The puppet is called Pinocchio, and that comes to life and begins to make jokes of all kinds to Geppetto
Pinocchio (2012 film)
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Pinocchio
42.
Pinocchio: The Series
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The story is based on the novel The Adventures of Pinocchio by Italian author Carlo Collodi. This version of tells a story of a gullible, naive. Pinocchio is characterized as having many character faults which he must learn to overcome in order to be worthy of being granted humanity. For example, during the episode, What is a Heart. Throughout the entire series Pinocchio, partly due to his own delinquency and repetitive disobedience, must undergo other costly ordeals of hardship, Pinocchio is of course severely punished by the blue fairy for these acts of utter selfishness who makes his nose turn into a small tree. Pinocchio is consequently disowned and cast out naked into the wilderness by his father who cant stop laughing at him as he is dragged away crying out in vain for mercy. The episode ends with a forlorn Pinocchio weeping as he fumbles through the surrounding undergrowth, naked. There are clearly illustrated scratches etched into the wood of his body from the surrounding vegetation, the subsequent episode sees Pinocchio transform into a small tree with a face and with roots fixed deep into the soil so that he can no longer move. He is eventually found by a wood cutter who chops him down, such backdrops could include countries such as Switzerland, Austro-Hungary or even the Papal States or the Alps regions of Northern Italy. The series was adapted into English in the 1990s by Saban Entertainment under the title Pinocchio and this version was shown in the United States on weekday mornings on HBO in 1992. A separate English version was created by Jim Terry, titled The Adventures of Pinocchio, it consisted of several episodes edited together to create a 90-minute movie. This version, released on video in 1989, was dubbed by Harmony Gold, the on-screen title was given as Pinocchio The Series, to emphasize the fact that this was an independent production, unrelated to the Disney feature. J. Henderson Dr. Paonessa, Angelo Grillo Cut, Donald J. Paonessa This series uses several pieces of music for different adaptations. The original Japanese opening is Kashi no Ki Mokku which is sung by Kumiko Onoki, the original Japanese ending theme is Boku wa kanashii ki-no ningyo which is sung by Moon Drops. Whereas the intro carries an upbeat, friendly kids tune, the ending reflects the mood of the series. The English adaptation has two songs, one for the movie made from the series, and the other for the actual 52 episode series that aired on HBO. These songs were Whoa, Oh, Pinocchio sung by Bullets for the movie, however in addition, when this series aired on HBO in 1992, Saban used a completely different instrumental theme song with no lyrics which differed from the Hes Pinocchio song. Hes Pinocchio debuted on the Mexican Harmony Gold 1984 film release and it was translated into English for the then upcoming 1990 Saban English series, to differ the English theme song for the series, from the Harmony Gold English movie version
Pinocchio: The Series
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Screenshot from the TV series Pinocchio: The Series, displaying Gepetto and Pinocchio
43.
The Adventures of Pinocchio (1972 film)
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The Adventures of Pinocchio is a 1972 Italian miniseries directed by Luigi Comencini. Based on the Carlo Collodis novel with the name, the miniseries got a large critical success, and had an average of twenty-one. A 135-minute edit of the miniseries was released to theatrical film markets in Europe the same year, mastro Geppetto is a poor carpenter with no wife and no children. The man is very lonely, and when trading a piece of wood with his colleague Mastero Cherry, during the a Fairy visits the carpenters shop to see Pinocchio. The woman makes a deal with the puppet, if he behaves well, honoring his father in the process, he become a human being. Pinocchio promises, and magically becomes a kid, Pinocchio, helped by the Fairy, tries to be kind and respectful, but by his brat character, he always finds himself in the midst of trouble
The Adventures of Pinocchio (1972 film)
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The Adventures of Pinocchio
44.
Once Upon a Time (TV series)
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Once Upon a Time is an American fairy tale television series that premiered on October 23,2011, on ABC. It follows the heroine Emma Swan as she protects the town and its inhabitants from various curses and villains, Most episodes involve flashbacks telling its numerous characters stories. The show airs Sundays at 8,00 pm ET/7,00 pm CT and it borrows elements and characters from the Disney-franchise and popular Western literature, folklore, and fairy tales. Once Upon a Time was created by Lost and Tron, Legacy writers Edward Kitsis, a spin-off series, Once Upon a Time in Wonderland, consisting of 13 episodes, premiered on October 10,2013, and concluded on April 3,2014. On March 3,2016, ABC renewed the series for a sixth season, the residents of Storybrooke, where Regina is its mayor, have lived an unchanging existence for 28 years, unaware of their own lack of aging. As such, she is the person who can break the curse. Henry is also the son of Regina, providing a source of both conflict and common interest between the two women. The other, set in the present day, follows a pattern with a different outcome. The first season premiered on October 23,2011, the Evil Queen interrupts the wedding of Snow White and Prince Charming to announce that she will cast a curse on everyone that will leave her with the only happy ending. The majority of the fairy characters are transported to the town of Storybrooke, Maine. The second season premiered on September 30,2012, despite Emma having broken the curse, the characters are not returned to the fairy tale world, and must deal with their own dual identities. With the introduction of magic into Storybrooke by Mr, the third season premiered on September 29,2013. It was split into two volumes, with the first eleven episodes running from September to December 2013, and the half from March to May 2014. In the first volume, the characters travel to Neverland to rescue Henry. Their increasing power struggle with Pan continues in Storybrooke, which results in the complete reversal of the original curse. All the characters are returned to their worlds, leaving Emma. Once again, Emma is needed to save her family, the fourth season premiered on September 28,2014. It was also split into two volumes, with the first eleven episodes running from September to December 2014, and the half from March to May 2015
Once Upon a Time (TV series)
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Once Upon a Time
Once Upon a Time (TV series)
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The cast as they appeared in season three.
Once Upon a Time (TV series)
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Steveston, BC doubles as the town of Storybrooke, Maine for the series.
45.
Pinocchio (2014 TV series)
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Pinocchio is a 2014–2015 South Korean television series starring Lee Jong-suk, Park Shin-hye and Kim Young-kwang. It aired on SBS from November 12,2014 to January 15,2015 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21,55 for 20 episodes, when Ho-sangs body is initially missing, the media sensationalizes the case by scapegoating him. In a battle for ratings, cold and calculating MSC reporter Song Cha-Ok alleges that Ho-sang survived the blast and this causes the Gi family to become outcasts in their neighborhood and objects of national scorn. Gi Ho-sangs wife kills herself and her son by jumping off a cliff. But Ha-myeong is alive, having rescued from the water by Choi Gong-pil. Gong-pil, who may either have Alzheimers disease or trauma-induced memory loss, believes that Ha-myung is his older son Choi Dal-po, Ha-myeong, who has no one else in the world, embraces the deception and treats Gong-pil as his father. Gong-pil officially adopts Ha-myeong, now named Dal-po, and places him in the register as his eldest son. Choi In-ha has Pinocchio syndrome, which causes her to hiccup whenever she tells a lie and she idolizes her mother, and hates living on the island after her parents divorce. The fledgling friendship between Dal-po and In-ha is dashed, however, when he learns that In-has mother is none other than Song Cha-ok, five years later, In-ha and Dal-po are high school seniors and classmates at their small-town high school. Dal-po, who is actually a genius, pretends to be dumb, with his last-place class standing and scruffy, country bumpkin hair, Dal-po is friendless at school while In-ha is the most popular girl. Dal-po secretly likes In-ha, and he is forced to join a televised quiz show at first to prevent Ahn Chan Soo, who has a crush on In Ha, from confessing to her on national TV. At the TV studio, he runs into the show producer Hwang Gyo-dong, who had been a YGN reporter and one of Cha-oks rivals, after seeing Dal-po on TV, and despite knowing that her Pinocchio syndrome limits her career choices, In-ha decides to become a journalist. In 2013, the Choi family has moved back to the city, Cha-ok, who hasnt seen her daughter in a decade and is now MSCs nightly news anchor and section chief, fails In-ha at her final interview, saying a reporter with Pinocchio syndrome would be useless. Seeing how hurt In-ha is at her mothers rejection, Dal-po becomes determined to help her achieve her dream, a month later, In-ha and Dal-po apply at YGNs blind audition for broadcast news reporters, but only Dal-po gets hired. But what he doesnt know is that Jae-myung has taken revenge on the workers who lied about their father by killing two of them and framing the third one. Meanwhile, with MSCs credibility rating at a low, Cha-ok hires In-ha. Later in her line of work, In-ha discovers Choi Dal-pos real identity is Ki Ha-myung and is disgusted by what her mother Cha-ok did to his family during the fire accident. In a lecture held by Cha-ok, In-ha stood up against her and in the process revealing to Jae-myung that Ha-myung, together, they try to bring Cha-ok down through their honest news reporting all the while uncovering a bigger conspiracy in the news industry
Pinocchio (2014 TV series)
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Promotional poster for Pinocchio
46.
Buratino
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Buratino is the main character of the book The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Buratino by Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy. Based on the 1883 novel The Adventures of Pinocchio by Carlo Collodi, the name Buratino is derived from the Italian burattino, which means wooden puppet or doll. The book was published in 1936, and Buratino quickly became popular among children in the Soviet Union. The story has made into several films, including in 1959. The resulting story turned out to be so original and became so loved by the writers children, like Pinocchio, Buratino is a long-nosed wooden puppet. According to the story, he is carved by Papa Carlo from a log, upon creation, Buratino comes out long-nosed due to Papa Carlos sloppy woodworking. Papa Carlo tries to shorten it, but Buratino resists, Papa Carlo then sells his only good jacket in order to buy textbooks for Buratino and sends him to school. However, the boy becomes distracted by an advertisement for a puppet theater show. There he befriends other puppets, but the evil puppetmaster Karabas Barabas wants to him because Buratino disrupted the show. Karabas Barabas releases Buratino after he learns that Papa Carlos home contains a door for which Karabas has been searching. A Golden Key that Karabas once possessed, but later lost, Karabas releases Buratino and even gives him five gold coins, asking only that Buratino watch after his fathers home and make sure they do not move. Many of Buratinos further adventures are derived from Collodis Pinocchio. The Fairy with the Turquoise Hair is in Tolstoys version another puppet from Karabass theatre and she retains the blue colour of her hair, her poodle servant and her function of saving Buratino from the fox and the cat who hanged him on a tree. To explain her presence in the forest, it is stated that she had escaped from the theatre earlier and she is represented as somewhat over-protective and less likable than Collodis Fairy, yet finally befriends Buratino. The character of Pierrot is introduced and he is in love with Malvina. Pierrot is represented as an archetypal poet, unlike Pinocchio in the original story, Buratino never shifts to right behaviour and does not become a real human. Quite the contrary, he is rewarded for not following the rules of what is assumed to be right behaviour, in the finale, we see him playing in a new puppet theatre of Carlos. For Tolstoy, being a wooden puppet means being creative and never growing up, Buratinos nose does not grow when he lies
Buratino
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Dmitri Iosifov as Buratino holding the Golden Key in the 1975 film
The Adventures of Buratino
Buratino
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A Russian stamp with a drawing of Buratino
Buratino
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TOS-1 A Buratino
47.
Pinocchio (soundtrack)
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Pinocchio is the soundtrack to the 1940 Walt Disney film of the same name, first released on February 9,1940. The album was described as being recorded from the soundtrack of the Walt Disney Production Pinocchio. According to Walt Disney Records, this is the first time the original soundtrack was used to refer to a commercially available movie recording. The soundtrack won an Academy Award for Best Original Score, when You Wish Upon A Star won the 1940 Academy Award for Best Original Song. The songs in the film were written by Leigh Harline and Ned Washington, although Cliff Edwards appeared as Jiminy Cricket on the album, no one else from the film cast did. Soprano Julietta Novis, who sung Schuberts Ave Maria on the soundtrack of Disneys Fantasia, other singers on the album included the Ken Darby Chorus and the Kings Men. Years later, Disneyland Records issued a soundtrack album from the film. The soundtrack was first issued as a collection of three 78rpm singles
Pinocchio (soundtrack)
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Pinocchio (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)
48.
Pinocchio paradox
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The Pinocchio paradox arises when Pinocchio says My nose grows now and is a version of the liar paradox. The liar paradox is defined in philosophy and logic as the statement This sentence is false, any attempts to assign a classical binary truth value to this statement lead to a contradiction, or paradox. This occurs because if the statement This sentence is false is true, then it is false, this would mean that it is true, but also that it is false. Although the Pinocchio paradox belongs to the liar paradox tradition, it is a case because it has no semantic predicates. The Pinocchio paradox has nothing to do with Pinocchio being a known liar, Pinocchio is a hero of the childrens novel The Adventures of Pinocchio by Italian author Carlo Collodi. Pinocchio, a puppet, is punished for each lie that he tells by undergoing further growth of his nose. There are no restrictions on the length of Pinocchios nose and it grows as he tells lies and at one point grows so long that he can not even get his nose through the door of the room. The Pinocchio paradox was proposed in February 2001 by 11-year-old Veronique Eldridge-Smith who was to be 12 in May, Veronique is the daughter of Peter Eldridge-Smith, who specializes in logic and the philosophy of logic. Peter Eldridge-Smith explained the paradox to Veronique and Veroniques older brother. In a few minutes Veronique suggested, Pinocchio says, My nose will be growing, Eldridge-Smith liked the formulation of the paradox suggested by his daughter and wrote an article on the subject. The article was published in the journal Analysis, and the Pinocchio paradox became popularized on the Internet, the paradox suggested by Veronique, My nose grows now, or in future tense, will be growing, leaves room for different interpretations. In the novel Pinocchios nose continues to grow as he lies, As he spoke, his nose, long though it was, became at least two inches longer. The present tense of the same sentence My nose is growing now or My nose grows, the sentence My nose grows could be either true or false. And just to make it easier, as Eldridge-Smith states, Pinocchios nose is growing if and only if it is not growing, which makes Pinocchios sentence to be a version of the Liar. He then reminds the readers that, when Socrates asked if he may cross a bridge, but surely, if you speak falsely I shall throw you into water. Socrates replied, You are going to throw me into the water, socratess response is a sophism that puts Plato in a difficult situation. He could not throw Socrates into water, because by doing this Plato would have violated his promise to let Socrates cross the bridge if he speaks the truth, in other words, Socrates could be allowed to cross the bridge if and only if he could not be. William F. Vallicella argues that the future tense sentence cannot generate the liar paradox because this sentence cannot be treated as a falsity
Pinocchio paradox
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Pinocchio paradox causes Pinocchio's nose to grow if and only if it does not grow.
Works written by or about Carlo Collodi at Wikisource
Media related to Carlo Collodi at Wikimedia Commons
