Caste
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A caste is a fixed social group into which an individual is born within a particular system of social stratification: a caste system. Within such a system, individuals are expected to marry exclusivel
The Basor weaving bamboo baskets in a 1916 book. The Basor are a Scheduled Caste found in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India.
An image of a man and woman from the toddy-tapping community in Malabar from the manuscript Seventy-two Specimens of Castes in India, which consists of 72 full-color hand-painted images of men and women of various religions, occupations and ethnic groups found in Madura, India in 1837, which confirms the popular perception and nature of caste as Jati, before the British colonial authorities made it applicable only to Hindus grouped under the varna categories from the 1901 census onwards
Members of various Hindu castes, 1874
A Sudra caste man from Bali. Photo from 1870, courtesy of Tropenmuseum, Netherlands.
Shudra
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Shudra or Shoodra is one of the four varnas of the Hindu class and social system in ancient India. Some sources translate it into English as a caste, or as a social class. Theoretically, Shudras const
Caste
…grouping called jāti. The Vedic period conceptualised a society as consisting of four types of varnas, or categories: Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya and Shudra, according to the nature of the work of its members. A 2016 study based on the DNA analysis of unrelated Indians determined that endogamous jatis…
From left to right: A Gurkha, a Brahmin, and a Shudra, Simla, 1868.
A 1908 photo of a bride and bridegroom of the sudra caste in a horse-drawn vehicle.