1.
Curve (magazine)
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Curve is a lesbian magazine published in the United States. The magazine was first published as Deneuve in May 1990 but was renamed in 1995 after a dispute with French actress Catherine Deneuve. In 2007, the magazines reported its circulation at over 68,200, the magazine was acquired by Avalon Media in 2010. The magazine has its headquarters in San Francisco, the magazine was featured on the Showtime series The L Word when a writer from the magazine interviews the character Jenny about her book. In May 2007, actress Michelle Rodriguez criticized Curve magazine and accused its editors of attempting to out her and you dont know what producer, director, would be husband or future audience member may be influenced by these opinions and media content. Her comments ended up angering many in the gay community and some accused her of being homophobic. Rodriguez has denied those claims as well, Lesbian feminism Lesbian literature Lesbians List of lesbian periodicals LGBT culture in San Francisco Website Curve magazine Details
Curve (magazine)
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Curve, January 2009
2.
David Bailey (photographer)
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David Royston Bailey, CBE is an English fashion and portrait photographer. David Bailey was born in Leytonstone East London, to Herbert Bailey, a cutter, and his wife, Sharon. From the age of three he lived in East Ham, Bailey developed a love of natural history, and this led him into photography. Suffering from undiagnosed dyslexia, he experienced problems at school and he attended a private school, Clarks College in Ilford, where he says they taught him less than the more basic council school. As well as dyslexia he also has the motor skill disorder dyspraxia, in one school year, he claims he only attended 33 times. He left school on his birthday, to become a copy boy at the Fleet Street offices of the Yorkshire Post. He raced through a series of dead end jobs, before his call up for National Service in 1956, the appropriation of his trumpet forced him to consider other creative outlets, and he bought a Rolleiflex camera. He was demobbed in August 1958, and determined to pursue a career in photography, unable to obtain a place at the London College of Printing because of his school record, he became a second assistant to David Ollins, in Charlotte Mews. He earned £3 10s a week, and acted as studio dogsbody and he was delighted to be called to an interview with photographer John French. He also undertook a large amount of freelance work, along with Terence Donovan and Brian Duffy, Bailey captured and helped create the Swinging London of the 1960s, a culture of fashion and celebrity chic. The three photographers socialised with actors, musicians and royalty, and found themselves elevated to celebrity status, together, they were the first real celebrity photographers, named by Norman Parkinson the Black Trinity. The film Blowup, directed by Michelangelo Antonioni, depicts the life of a London fashion photographer whose character was inspired by Bailey, the Box was an unusual and unique commercial release. It reflected the status of the photographer that one could sell a collection of prints in this way. The record sale for a copy of Box of Pin-Ups is reported as north of £20,000, Baileys ascent at Vogue was meteoric. Within months he was shooting covers and, at the height of his productivity, penelope Tree, a former girlfriend, described him as the king lion on the Savannah, incredibly attractive, with a dangerous vibe. He was the electricity, the brightest, most powerful, most talented, american Vogues creative director Grace Coddington, then a model herself, said It was the Sixties, it was a raving time, and Bailey was unbelievably good-looking. He was everything that you wanted him to be – like the Beatles but accessible – and we were all killing ourselves to be his model, although he hooked up with Jean Shrimpton pretty quickly. Of model Jean Shrimpton, Bailey said, She was magic, in a way she was the cheapest model in the world – you only needed to shoot half a roll of film and then you had it
David Bailey (photographer)
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David Bailey
David Bailey (photographer)
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One of Bailey's images of London gangsters Ronnie and Reggie Kray
David Bailey (photographer)
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Bailey in 2011
3.
Roger Vadim
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Roger Vadim was a French screenwriter, film director and producer, as well as an author, artist and occasional actor. His best-known works are visually lavish films with erotic qualities, such as And God Created Woman, Barbarella, Vadim was born as Roger Vadim Plemiannikov in Paris. His mother, Marie-Antoinette, was a French writer, and essayist, Vadim studied journalism and writing at the University of Paris, without graduating. At age 19, he became assistant to film director Marc Allégret, whom he met while working at the Theatre Sarah Bernhardt, Vadim was celebrated for his romances/marriages to beautiful actresses. In his mid-30s, he lived with the teenaged Catherine Deneuve, by whom he had a child, Christian Vadim and he was also involved with actress Cindy Pickett. Later, he cohabited with screenwriter Ann Biderman for several years, announcing their engagement in 1984 and he told a story about how he lost his virginity. When he was 16, he spent the summer in Normandy, out of doors that night, she introduced him to the art of love and what amazed him most was that what Hemingway had written came true--the earth moved under him. Not until somewhat later did he realize that Allied ships were bombarding the coast in preparation for the D-day invasion and he was someone in whom there was so much satisfaction to the end of his life. The films merely reflected his happiness, nathalie, his eldest child, told Fonda biographer Patricia Bosworth, Jane was the love of my fathers life. My attitude is that if this makes me a little money it will be a tiny compensation for all the money I helped those actresses make. He also wrote plays and books of fiction, including LAnge Affame. Vadim died of cancer at age 72 on February 11,2000 and he was survived by his widow, Marie-Christine Barrault, and his four children. Ex-wives Bardot, Fonda, Schneider and Stroyberg were all in attendance at his funeral and he is interred at St. Tropez Cemetery. The Naked Heart Blackmailed En Effeuillant la Marguerite/Mademoiselle Striptease And God Created Woman Sait-on jamais, sois belle et tais-toi/Be Beautiful but Shut up Les Bijoutiers du Clair de Lune/The Night Heaven Fell Les liaisons dangereuses/Dangerous Liaisons Blood and Roses La Bride sur le cou/Please Not Now. Manhattan The Assassinated Young Girl Rich and Famous Into the Night Roger Vadim at the Internet Movie Database Roger Vadim at Find a Grave
Roger Vadim
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Roger Vadim in 1971
4.
Marcello Mastroianni
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Marcello Vincenzo Domenico Mastroianni, Knight Grand Cross was an Italian film actor. His honours included British Film Academy Awards, Best Actor awards at the Cannes Film Festival, Mastroianni was born in Fontana Liri, a small village in the Apennines in the province of Frosinone, Lazio, and grew up in Turin and Rome. He was the son of Ida and Ottone Mastroianni, who ran a shop. During World War II, after the division into Axis and Allied Italy, he was interned in a loosely guarded German prison camp, from which he escaped to hide in Venice. Mastroianni made his debut as an uncredited extra in Marionette when he was fourteen. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor three times, for Divorce Italian Style, A Special Day and Dark Eyes, Mastroianni, Dean Stockwell and Jack Lemmon are the only actors to have been twice awarded the Best Actor at the Cannes Film Festival. Mastroianni won it in 1970 for The Pizza Triangle and in 1987 for Dark Eyes, Mastroianni starred alongside his daughter, Chiara Mastroianni, in Raúl Ruizs Three Lives and Only One Death in 1996. For this performance he won the Silver Wave Award at the Ft. Lauderdale International Film Festival and his final film, Voyage to the Beginning of the World, was released posthumously. Mastroianni married Flora Carabella on August 12,1950 and they had one daughter together, Barbara, but eventually separated because of his affairs with younger women. Mastroiannis first serious relationship after the separation was with Faye Dunaway, Dunaway wanted to marry and have children, but Mastroianni, a Catholic, refused to divorce Carabella. In 1971, after three years of waiting for Mastroianni to change his mind, Dunaway left him, Mastroianni had a daughter, Chiara Mastroianni, with French actress Catherine Deneuve, who was nearly 20 years his junior and lived with him for four years in the 1970s. During that time, the couple made four movies together, It Only Happens to Others, La cagna, A Slightly Pregnant Man, according to People magazine, Mastroiannis other lovers included actresses Anouk Aimee, Ursula Andress, Claudia Cardinale and Lauren Hutton. Around 1976, he involved with Anna Maria Tatò, an author. They remained together until his death, Mastroianni died of pancreatic cancer on 19 December 1996 at the age of 72. Both of his daughters, as well as Deneuve and Tatò, were at his bedside, the Trevi Fountain in Rome, associated with his role in Fellinis La Dolce Vita, was symbolically turned off and draped in black as a tribute. At the 1997 Venice Film Festival, Chiara, Carabella and Deneuve tried to block the screening of Tatòs four-hour documentary, Marcello Mastroianni, the festival refused and the movie was shown. The three women reportedly tried to do the thing at Cannes. Tatò said Mastroianni had willed her all rights to his image. com
Marcello Mastroianni
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Mastroianni in 1991
5.
Pierre Lescure
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Pierre Lescure, is a French journalist and television executive. He studied journalism at the Centre de formation des journalistes de Paris and he started his career at the radio station RTL, where he was reporter and news anchor from 1965 to 1968, and moved to RMC from 1968 to 1972. He started working in television as an anchor of the evening news program of the French public network Antenne 2. In 1981, he created the TV music show Les Enfants du rock and he supported the candidacy of François Hollande during the French presidential election,2012, and has led a mission about Culture and Media in his government. He became president of the Cannes Film Festival in 2014,2008, Musée haut, musée bas, directed by Jean-Michel Ribes
Pierre Lescure
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Pierre Lescure in 2012
6.
Chiara Mastroianni
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Chiara Charlotte Mastroianni is a French-Italian actress and singer. She is the daughter of Marcello Mastroianni and Catherine Deneuve, Mastroianni earned a César Award nomination for her first feature film appearance in André Téchinés My Favorite Season, starring her mother in the lead role. The next year she appeared in Robert Altmans Prêt-à-Porter and her first starring role came in 1995, opposite Melvil Poupaud in Le Journal du séducteur, a romantic comedy inspired by The Seducers Diary chapter from Søren Kierkegaards first major text Either/Or. She worked with Poupaud again in Three Lives and Only One Death, playing the daughter to her real-life father, along with a few supporting performances in French films, she appeared in Gregg Arakis Nowhere and took time off to have her first child with sculptor Pierre Thoretton. She returned to filmmaking to star in the role of Manoel de Oliveiras The Letter. In 2003, she starred in the comedy drama Il est plus facile pour un chameau, in July 2016 she was named as a member of the main competition jury for the 73rd Venice International Film Festival. Mastroiannis two children are son Milo with ex-boyfriend Pierre Thoretton and daughter Anna from her marriage to musician Benjamin Biolay. Chiara Mastroianni at the Internet Movie Database
Chiara Mastroianni
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Chiara Mastroianni in 2013
7.
Benjamin Biolay
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Benjamin Biolay is a French singer, songwriter, musician, actor and record producer. He is the brother of singer Coralie Clément, whose two albums he wrote and produced, and the ex-husband of Chiara Mastroianni, the daughter of Catherine Deneuve and his low-key vocal style is somewhat similar to French pop star Étienne Daho. He wrote or performed most of the songs on the 2004 soundtrack to Clara et Moi by Arnaud Viard, and released the album Home with his wife the same year. After two more rock oriented albums in 2005 and 2007 he was dropped by his company and began working on his first independent release, La Superbe. This was followed by the soundtrack album Pourquoi tu pleures in 2011, benjamin was married to actress and singer Chiara Mastroianni from 2002 to 2005, they have a daughter, Anna, born 22 April 2003. In 2012 Biolay was introduced to singer and actress Vanessa Paradis by designer Karl Lagerfeld and they were in a relationship from 2013 to May 2015, and recorded a duet, Profite, on his album Vengeance. As of June 2015, he is rumoured to be dating French actress Anna Mouglalis
Benjamin Biolay
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Benjamin Biolay, concert at the
Casino de Paris, Paris (2011)
8.
Roman Polanski
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Rajmund Roman Thierry Polański is a French-Polish film director, producer, writer, and actor. Born in Paris, his Polish-Jewish parents moved the back to Poland in 1937. Poland was invaded by Nazi Germany a few later, in 1939. Polanskis first feature-length film, Knife in the Water, made in Poland, was nominated for a United States Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. He has since received five more Oscar nominations, along with two BAFTAs, four Césars, a Golden Globe Award and the Palme dOr of the Cannes Film Festival in France, in the United Kingdom he directed three films, beginning with Repulsion. In 1968 he moved to the United States and cemented his status by directing the horror film Rosemarys Baby. A turning point in his life took place in 1969, when his pregnant wife, Sharon Tate, following her death, Polanski returned to Europe and eventually continued directing. He made Macbeth in England and back in Hollywood, Chinatown, in 1977, Polanski was arrested and charged with the rape of a 13-year-old model during a photo session. He subsequently pled guilty to the charge of statutory rape and he was released from prison after serving 42 days, and as part of an apparent plea bargain, was to be put on probation. When he learned that the judge changed his mind and planned to reject the plea bargain, in Europe, Polanski continued to make films, including Tess, starring aspiring actress, Nastassja Kinski. It won Frances César Awards for Best Picture and Best Director and he later produced and directed The Pianist, starring Adrien Brody, in a World War II true story drama about a Jewish-Polish musician. The film won three Academy Awards including Best Director, along with numerous international awards and he also directed Oliver Twist, a story which parallels his own life as a young boy attempting to triumph over adversity. Polanski was born in Paris, the son of Bula and Ryszard Polański, a painter and manufacturer of sculptures and his mother had a daughter, Annette, by her previous husband. Annette managed to survive Auschwitz, where her mother died, Polańskis father was Jewish and originally from Poland, Polańskis mother, born in Russia, had been raised Roman Catholic and was of half-Jewish ancestry. Polański, influenced by his education in the Peoples Republic of Poland, said Im an atheist in an interview about his film, Rosemarys Baby. The Polański family moved back to the Polish city of Kraków in 1936, Kraków was soon occupied by the German forces, and Nazi racial purity laws made the Polańskis targets of persecution, forcing them into the Kraków Ghetto, along with thousands of the citys Jews. Around the age of six, he attended school for only a few weeks, until all the Jewish children were abruptly expelled. That initiative was followed by requiring all Jewish children over the age of twelve to wear white armbands with a blue Star of David imprinted for visual identification
Roman Polanski
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Polanski at the
2013 Cannes Film Festival
Roman Polanski
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Jews during the Warsaw uprising
Roman Polanski
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Polanski's star on the
Łódź walk of fame
Roman Polanski
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Polanski with wife
Emmanuelle Seigner at the
1992 Cannes Film Festival.
9.
Mireille Mathieu
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Mireille Mathieu is a French singer. She has recorded over 1200 songs in languages, with more than 150 million albums sold worldwide. Mireille Mathieu was born on 22 July 1946 in Avignon, France, the eldest daughter of a family of fourteen children and her father Roger and his family were native to Avignon, while her mother Marcelle-Sophie was from Dunkirk. She arrived in Avignon in 1944 as a refugee from World War II after her grandmother had died, Roger, with his father Arcade, ran the family stonemason shop just outside the Saint-Véran cemetery main gate. The Mathieu family have been stonemasons for five generations, today the shop is named La Marbrerie Mathieu-Mardoyan, and is still owned and operated by the family. The Mathieu family lived in poverty, with an improvement in their living conditions in 1954. Then again in 1961 they moved to a tenement in the Croix des Oiseaux quarter southeast of the city. Roger had once dreamed of becoming a singer, but his father Arcade disapproved, Mireille included his operatic voice on her 1968 Christmas album, where it was mixed in with the Minuit Chrétiens song. Mireilles first paid performance before an audience, at age four, was rewarded with a lollipop when she sang on Christmas Eve 1950 during Midnight Mass, a defining moment was seeing Édith Piaf sing on television. Mireille performed poorly in school because of dyslexia, requiring an extra year to graduate. She was born left-handed, and her teachers used a ruler to strike her hand each time she was writing with it. She became right-handed, although her left hand remains quite animated while singing and she has a fantastic memory, and never uses a prompter on stage. Abandoning higher education, at age 14, and after moving to Croix des Oiseaux, she began work in a factory in Montfavet where she helped with the family income. Popular at work, she sang songs at lunch, or while working. Like her parents, she is a woman at 1.52 m in height. Mireille is Roman Catholic, and her patron saint is Saint Rita. Mireilles paternal grandmother Germaine née Charreton, assured her that Saint Rita was the one to pray to for hopeless cases, beyond religion, like many artists, she is unabashed about superstition and luck. When asked to reveal some of her superstitions, she said and she has stage fright, and can often be seen making the sign of the cross before moving out on stage
Mireille Mathieu
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Hamburg 1971
Mireille Mathieu
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Portrait for the New York Times by
Reginald Gray, 1966
Mireille Mathieu
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Johnny Stark and Mireille Mathieu, 1971
Mireille Mathieu
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Mireille Mathieu rose
10.
Marianne
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Marianne is a national symbol of the French Republic, an allegory of liberty and reason, and a portrayal of the Goddess of Liberty. Marianne is displayed in places in France and holds a place of honour in town halls. She symbolizes the Triumph of the Republic, a bronze sculpture overlooking the Place de la Nation in Paris. Her profile stands out on the official government logo of the country, is engraved on French euro coins and appears on French postage stamps, Marianne is one of the most prominent symbols of the French Republic, and is officially used on most government documents. Marianne is a significant republican symbol, opposed to monarchy, in classical times it was common to represent ideas and abstract entities by gods, goddesses and allegorical personifications. Less common during the Middle Ages, this practice resurfaced during the Renaissance, during the French Revolution of 1789, many allegorical personifications of Liberty and Reason appeared. These two figures finally merged into one, a figure, shown either sitting or standing, and accompanied by various attributes, including the tricolor cockade. This woman typically symbolised Liberty, Reason, the Nation, the Homeland, in September 1792, the National Convention decided by decree that the new seal of the state would represent a standing woman holding a spear with a Phrygian cap held aloft on top of it. A feminine allegory was also a manner to symbolise the breaking with the old monarchy headed by kings, even before the French Revolution, the Kingdom of France was embodied in masculine figures, as depicted in certain ceilings of Palace of Versailles. Furthermore, France and the Republic themselves are, in French, feminine nouns, as are the French nouns for liberty, the use of this emblem was initially unofficial and very diverse. A female allegory of Liberty and of the Republic makes an appearance in Eugène Delacroixs painting Liberty Leading the People, Marianne made her first major appearance in the French spotlight on a medal in July 1789, celebrating the storming of the Bastille and other early events of the Revolution. From this time until September 1792, the image of Marianne was overshadowed by other such as Mercury. It was not until September 1792 when the new Republic sought a new image to represent the State that her popularity began to expand. Marianne, the allegory of Liberty, was chosen to represent the new regime of the French Republic. The imagery of Marianne chosen as the seal of the First French Republic depicted her standing, young and it was symbolic of the First Republic itself, a newly created state that had much to prove. Marianne is clad in a classical gown, in her right hand, she wields the pike of revolution with the Phrygian cap resting on it, which represents the liberation of France. Marianne is shown leaning on a fasces, a symbol of authority, although the initial figure of Marianne from 1792 stood in a relatively conservative pose, the revolutionaries were quick to abandon that figure when it no longer suited them. By 1793, the figure of Marianne had been replaced by a more violent image
Marianne
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Bust of Marianne sculpted by Théodore Doriot, in the
French Senate.
Marianne
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Liberty Leading the People by
Eugène Delacroix (1830), which celebrates the
July Revolution (
Louvre Museum).
Marianne
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Bust of Marianne, displayed in the corridors of the
Luxembourg Palace, seat of the
French Senate. (anonymous artist)
Marianne
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" Freedom for France, freedom for the French " Marianne (1940)
11.
The Last Metro
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The Last Metro is a 1980 drama film made by Les Films du Carrosse, written and directed by the French filmmaker François Truffaut, and starring Catherine Deneuve and Gérard Depardieu. In 1981, the film won ten Césars for, best film, best actor, best actress, best cinematography, best director, best editing, best music, best production design, best sound and it received Best Foreign Film nominations in the Academy Awards and Golden Globes. The title The Last Metro refers to the fact that during the occupation it was imperative that Parisians catch the last train home and this was to avoid breaking the strict curfew imposed by the Nazis. This event was recreated in The Last Metro. Truffaut was stimulated by the actor Jean Marais’ autobiography and by documents of theatre people from during the occupation of which he based the film upon. This film was one instalment—dealing with theatre—of a trilogy on the entertainment world that Truffaut had planned, the instalment that dealt with the film world was 1973s La Nuit Américaine, which had won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. Truffaut completed the screenplay for the third instalment, LAgence Magique, in the late 1970s he was close to beginning filming, but the failure of his film The Green Room forced him to look to a more commercial project, and he filmed Love on the Run instead. Truffaut began casting in September 1979, and he wrote the role of Marion especially with Catherine Deneuve in mind for her energy, Gérard Depardieu initially did not want to be involved in the film, as he did not like Truffaut’s directing style, but he was later convinced. Most of the filming took place in a chocolate factory on Rue du Landy in Clichy. During shooting Deneuve suffered an ankle sprain from a fall, resulting in having to shoot scenes at short notice. Scriptwriter Suzanne Schiffman was also hospitalised with an intestinal obstruction. The film shoot lasted fifty-nine days and ended on April 21,1980, a recurring theme in Truffaut’s films has been linking film making and film watching. The Last Metro is self-conscious in this respect, in the opening the film mixes documentary footage with period re-creations alongside shots of contemporary film posters. The film recorded admissions in France of 3,384,045. criterion
The Last Metro
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Film poster
12.
Indochine (film)
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Indochine is a 1992 French film set in colonial French Indochina during the 1930s to 1950s. It is the story of Éliane Devries, a French plantation owner, the screenplay was written by novelist Érik Orsenna, scriptwriters Louis Gardel, Catherine Cohen, and Régis Wargnier, who also directed the film. The film stars Catherine Deneuve, Vincent Pérez, Linh Dan Pham, Jean Yanne, the film won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film at the 65th Academy Awards. After her best friends from the Nguyễn Dynasty die in a plane crash, Guy Asselin, the head of the French security services in Indochina, courts Éliane, but she rejects him and raises Camille alone giving her the education of a privileged European through her teens. Just after Éliane wins a wager against the naval commanders sculling team, she finds herself bidding against a young French Navy lieutenant, Jean-Baptiste Le Guen, on the same painting at an auction. She is flustered when he challenges her publicly and surprised when he turns up at her plantation days later, soon they are enveloped in a torrid affair. Out and about in the city, Jean-Baptiste witnesses the escape, Camille and her classmates are walking nearby, and as the prisoner falls, he knocks her unconscious, leaving her covered with his blood. Jean-Baptiste brings her indoors and cleans off the blood, cutting off her dress in the process, Camille wakes up in his arms and falls in love with him at first sight, believing that he has saved her life. Word about the affair gets out, and Camille is taunted at school, through her connections with high-ranking officials in the navy, Éliane has Jean-Baptiste transferred to Haiphong to protect Camille from getting hurt. Jean-Baptiste confronts Éliane about this at a Christmas party at her place, as a result, instead of Haiphong, Jean-Baptiste is sent to a remote French military base on the notorious Dragon Islet in northern Indochina. Against her better judgment, Éliane allows Camille to become engaged to Tanh, the marriage is arranged by Tanhs wealthy, merchant mother. But the day after the engagement, Tanh helps Camille leave to look for Jean-Baptiste up north, Camille travels and reaches Dragon Islet with a Vietnamese family seeking a term of indenture in the south, but they are killed by a French naval officer. When Jean-Baptiste arrives at the scene and demands that the officer tell him what happened, Jean-Baptiste spots Camille among the laborers and leads her away. The French sailors do not object thinking their superior is taking a congaie, as Camille sees her traveling companions dead, she attacks the French officer shooting him in the struggle. This puts a price on the heads of both Camille and Jean-Baptiste, who stands by her, Camille and Jean-Baptiste escape from Dragon Islet and sail away through the Gulf of Tonkin for several days without food or water. When they come ashore, a Communist theater troupe rescues them, after several months have passed, and Camille has become pregnant with Jean-Baptistes child, they are told they must leave the valley, because the Communists have more important people to hide. Tanh, now a high-ranking Communist operative, arranges for the troupe to smuggle the lovers into China. Guy attempts to use operatives to put down the insurrection and also arranges for French agents to look for Camille
Indochine (film)
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French theatrical release poster
13.
Liberalism
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Liberalism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of liberty and equality. Liberalism first became a political movement during the Age of Enlightenment. Liberalism rejected the social and political norms of hereditary privilege, state religion, absolute monarchy. The 17th-century philosopher John Locke is often credited with founding liberalism as a philosophical tradition. Locke argued that man has a natural right to life, liberty and property. Liberals opposed traditional conservatism and sought to replace absolutism in government with representative democracy, prominent revolutionaries in the Glorious Revolution, the American Revolution, and the French Revolution used liberal philosophy to justify the armed overthrow of what they saw as tyrannical rule. Liberalism started to spread rapidly especially after the French Revolution, the 19th century saw liberal governments established in nations across Europe, South America, and North America. During the 20th century, liberal ideas spread even further as liberal democracies found themselves on the side in both world wars. In Europe and North America, the establishment of social liberalism became a key component in the expansion of the welfare state, today, liberal parties continue to wield power and influence throughout the world. Words such as liberal, liberty, libertarian, and libertine all trace their history to the Latin liber, which means free. One of the first recorded instances of the word occurs in 1375. The words early connection with the education of a medieval university soon gave way to a proliferation of different denotations and connotations. In 16th century England, liberal could have positive or negative attributes in referring to someones generosity or indiscretion, in Much Ado About Nothing, Shakespeare wrote of a liberal villaine who hath. confest his vile encounters. With the rise of the Enlightenment, the word acquired decisively more positive undertones, being defined as free from narrow prejudice in 1781, in 1815, the first use of the word liberalism appeared in English. In Spain, the Liberales, the first group to use the label in a political context. From 1820 to 1823, during the Trienio Liberal, King Ferdinand VII was compelled by the liberales to swear to uphold the Constitution, by the middle of the 19th century, liberal was used as a politicised term for parties and movements worldwide. Over time, the meaning of the word began to diverge in different parts of the world. According to the Encyclopædia Britannica, In the United States, liberalism is associated with the policies of the New Deal programme of the Democratic administration of Pres
Liberalism
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The
Agreement of the People (1647) was a manifesto for political change, proposed by the
Levellers during the
English Civil War. It called for
freedom of religion, frequent convening of
Parliament and equality under the law.
Liberalism
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John Locke was the first to develop a liberal philosophy, including the right to
private property and the
consent of the governed.
Liberalism
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The
Bill of Rights was a landmark piece of liberal legislation.
Liberalism
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The
Philadelphia Convention in 1787 adopted the
United States Constitution, which is still in effect.
14.
Jacques Demy
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Jacques Demy was a French director and screenwriter. He appeared in the wake of the French New Wave alongside contemporaries like Jean-Luc Godard, Demys films are well known for their sumptuous look, drawing on Hollywood musicals, fairytales, jazz, and opera. His films are also distinguishable by their overlapping continuity, lush musical scores and themes like teenaged love, labor rights, incest, and the intersection between dreams and reality. After working with the animator Paul Grimault and the filmmaker Georges Rouquier, Demy directed his first feature film, Lola, in 1961, the Demy universe here emerges full-fledged. La Baie des Anges, starring Jeanne Moreau, took the theme of fate further, Demy is best known for his original musical, Les Parapluies de Cherbourg, with a score by Legrand. Although the subversion of established genres was a typically New Wave obsession, the whimsical concept of singing all the dialogue sets the tone for this tragedy of the everyday. The young man, Roland Cassard, from Lola reappears here, such reappearances are typical of Demys work. Demys subsequent films never quite captured audience and critical acclaim the way that Les Parapluies had, although he continued to make ambitious and original dramas and musicals. It has stunning color photography, some of the best French songs of the period, peau dÂne is a visually extravagant musical interpretation of a classic French fairytale which highlights the tales incestuous overtones, starring Deneuve, Jean Marais, and Delphine Seyrig. Lévénement le plus important depuis que lhomme a marché sur la lune is a look back at the pressures of second-wave feminism in France. After years of neglect, Demys strengths have been recognized, Demy himself appears in the film in the opening and closing sequences, and at several points throughout. He had two children with Varda, Rosalie Varda-Demy, who was the daughter of Antoine Bourseiller. Jacques Demy died from complications of AIDS on 27 October 1990 at age 59 and was interred in the Montparnasse Cemetery in Montparnasse
Jacques Demy
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Jacques Demy
15.
The Umbrellas of Cherbourg
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The Umbrellas of Cherbourg is a 1964 French/German romantic musical film directed by Jacques Demy, starring Catherine Deneuve and Nino Castelnuovo. The music was written by Michel Legrand, the film dialogue is all sung as recitative, including casual conversation. It was styled full of color, the film was very successful in France with a total of 1,274,958 admissions. In the late 1950s Madame Emery and her beautiful 17-year-old daughter Geneviève sell umbrellas at their tiny boutique in the town of Cherbourg in Normandy. Guy, a young auto mechanic, lives with and cares for his sickly aunt. Guy and Geneviève are deeply in love, they want to get married, Madeleine is a quiet young caregiver who looks after Guys aunt. She has feelings for Guy, but has not expressed this, Guy is drafted and must leave to serve as a soldier in the Algerian War. The night before Guy leaves, he and Geneviève pledge their undying love, after a couple of months Geneviève learns she is pregnant. She writes to Guy, but she abandoned when Guy writes back infrequently. Her mother says that this shows Guy has forgotten her, Geneviève is courted by Roland Cassard, a quiet, kind, young Parisian jeweler, who is very wealthy. He wants to marry her even after learning that she is pregnant by another man, Genevièves mother repeatedly tells her daughter to be sensible and choose a secure future with Cassard. Geneviève finally decides to accept him, and they are married in a great cathedral and she appears ambivalent about her decision. Guy returns from the war with a limp from an injury. He learns that the store has been sold, and that Geneviève married. As a veteran, Guy has difficulty settling in and he argues with his boss, quits his job, and goes to drink in a seedy port bar. He spends the night with a prostitute named Jenny. When he returns to his apartment, he finds Madeleine, who tells him that his godmother, Guy sees that Madeleine loves him, and he cleans up his life with her encouragement. With an inheritance from his aunt, he finances a new American-style Esso gas station and he asks Madeleine to marry him, and she accepts, although wondering if he is just on the rebound from his lost Geneviève
The Umbrellas of Cherbourg
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Film poster
The Umbrellas of Cherbourg
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Cherbourg, 1963
16.
Repulsion (film)
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Repulsion is a 1965 British psychological horror film directed by Roman Polanski, and starring Catherine Deneuve, Ian Hendry, John Fraser and Yvonne Furneaux. The screenplay was based on a scenario by Gérard Brach and Polanski, the plot focuses on a young woman who is left alone by her vacationing sister at their apartment, and begins reliving traumas of her past in horrific ways. Shot in London, it was Polanskis first English-language film and second feature-length production, the film debuted at the 1965 Cannes Film Festival before receiving theatrical releases internationally. Upon its release, Repulsion received considerable acclaim and currently is considered one of Polanskis greatest works. It was the first instalment in Polanskis Apartment Trilogy, followed by Rosemarys Baby and The Tenant, the film was nominated for a BAFTA Award for Gilbert Taylors cinematography. Carol Ledoux, a Belgian manicurist, lives in Kensington, London, Carol practically sleepwalks through her days, and interacts awkwardly with men. A would-be suitor, Colin, is flummoxed by her behaviour and she rebuffs his advances and she hides her head in her pillow against her sisters cries of sexual pleasure with her lover, Michael. Colin breaks into her apartment when she refuses to acknowledge his adoration, when he says he wants to be with all the time, she bludgeons him to death with a candlestick, dumps the body into the overflowing bathtub, and nails the broken door shut. Later, the landlord breaks in, looking for the late rent payment. Carol pays him and sits on the sofa, staring into space and he remarks on the decaying state of the apartment, and attempts to ingratiate himself by bringing her a glass of water as he leers at her in her nightgown. When he first propositions her, then assaults her, she gets away. But he comes at her again and she slashes him to death with a straight razor, when Helen and Michael return, they discover the dead bodies. Helen, distraught, finds Carol hiding under the bed in a catatonic state, neighbors arrive – curious, concerned and shocked. Michael returns and carries Carol out, staring creepily at her wide-open eye, face, a family photograph on the floor shows Carol as a girl, turned towards an adult male figure in the photograph with a look of loathing. The story for Repulsion was conceived by Polanski and Gérard Brach, according to Polanski, the film was shot on a modest budget of £65,000. In developing the apartment set decoration, cinematographer Gil Taylor photographed the apartments of various friends in Kensington for inspiration. To finance the film, Polanski and producer Gene Gutowski approached Paramount Pictures and British Lion Films, eventually, Polanski and Gutowski signed a contract with Compton Pictures, a small distribution company that had been known primarily for its distribution of softcore pornography films. The film is unusual for being a movie that features a female killer
Repulsion (film)
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Theatrical release poster
17.
Belle de Jour (film)
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Belle de Jour is a 1967 French drama film directed by Luis Buñuel and starring Catherine Deneuve, Jean Sorel, and Michel Piccoli. Based on the 1928 novel Belle de jour by Joseph Kessel, the title of the film is a pun on the French term, belle de nuit, but Séverine works during the day under the pseudonym Belle de Jour. Her nickname can also be interpreted as a reference to the French name of the daylily, meaning beauty of day and it was one of Buñuels most successful and famous films. American director Martin Scorsese promoted a 1995 limited re-release in America, in 2006 the Portuguese director Manoel de Oliveira released Belle Toujours, imagining a future encounter between two of the central characters from the original film. In 2010, Belle de Jour was ranked #56 in Empire magazines list and it won the Golden Lion and the Pasinetti Award for Best Film at the Venice Film Festival in 1967. Many of Deneuves costumes were designed by Yves St. Laurent, Séverine Serizy, a young and beautiful housewife, is unable to share physical intimacy with her husband, Dr. Pierre Serizy, despite their love for each other. Her sexual life is restricted to elaborate fantasies involving domination, sadomasochism, although frustrated by his wifes frigidity toward him, he respects her wishes. While visiting a ski resort, they meet two friends, Henri Husson and Renée, Séverine does not like Hussons manner and the way he looks at her. Back in Paris, Séverine meets up with Renée and learns that a friend, Henriette. At her home, Séverine receives roses from Husson and is unsettled by the gesture, at the tennis courts, she meets Husson and they discuss Henriette and houses of pleasure. Husson mentions a high-class brothel to Séverine at 11 Cité Jean de Saumur and he also confesses his desire for her, but Séverine rejects his advances. Haunted by childhood memories, including one involving a man who appears to touch her inappropriately, Séverine goes to the high-class brothel and that afternoon Séverine services her first client. Reluctant at first, she responds to the hand of Madame Anaïs, who names her Belle de Jour. After staying away for a week, Séverine returns to the brothel, one day Husson comes to visit her at home, but Séverine refuses to see him. Still she fantasizes about having sex with him in her husbands presence, at the same time, Séverines physical relationship with her husband is improving and she begins having sex with him. Séverine becomes involved with a gangster, Marcel, who offers her the kind of thrills. When Marcel becomes increasingly jealous and demanding, Séverine decides to leave the brothel, Séverine is also concerned about Husson, who has discovered her secret life at the brothel. After one of Marcels gangster associates follows Séverine to her home, Marcel visits her, Séverine pleads with him to leave, which he does, referring to her husband as the obstacle
Belle de Jour (film)
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Theatrical release poster
18.
Tristana
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Tristana is a 1970 Spanish film directed by Luis Buñuel. Based on the novel by Benito Pérez Galdós, it stars Catherine Deneuve and Fernando Rey and was shot in Toledo. The voices of French actress Catherine Deneuve and Italian actor Franco Nero were dubbed to Spanish, the story is set in the late 1920s to early 1930s. Tristana is an orphan adopted by nobleman don Lope Garrido, Don Lope falls in love with her and thus treats her as wife as well as daughter from the age of 19. But, by age 21 Tristana starts finding her voice, to demand to study music, art and she meets the young artist Horacio Díaz, falls in love, and eventually leaves Toledo to live with him. When she falls ill, she returns to don Lope, the illness results in her losing a leg, which changes her prospects, here, the film substantially varies from the novel. In the novel, Tristana resignedly marries don Lope in order for him to receive his inheritance, also different from the novel is Saturnos increased role -- barely mentioned in the novel, he is Tristanas third love interest in the film. Miquis Buñuel first began working on Tristana in 1962 after Spanish censors rejected his script Secuestro, Buñuel suggested adapting Benito Pérez Galdóss novel instead to his producers at Epoca and was paid $30,000 to write the screenplay. Buñuel and Julio Alejandro wrote the script in December 1962 and updated the setting to the period between the late 1920s to early 1930s. Buñuel and Epoca submitted their script to the Spanish censors in the spring of 1963, at the last minute, the Ministry of Culture rejected the script because of its depiction of duelling and Buñuel made Diary of a Chambermaid instead. In December 1968, Buñuel decided to return to Spain after being allowed back into the Catholic Church, when he returned, producers from Epoca approached him about reviving Tristana. Buñuel was initially uninterested and wanted to film his script for The Monk. But producers at Epoca managed to find funding from Italian and French investors and secure the newly built Siena Studios in Madrid, Buñuel and Alejandro quickly finished their fourth draft of the screenplay. Buñuel wanted Tristana to be his triumphant return to Spain after living in Mexico for several decades, Buñuel travelled to Spain in the spring of 1969 to begin work on the film, and was immediately sidetracked by the Spanish censors. Spains Franco government made it difficult for the notorious and outspoken atheist Buñuel to get his films approved, Buñuel refused, stating that the script was merely a blueprint. Eventually Buñuel got his and Fragas mutual friend Rafael Mendez to act as a go-between, Buñuels French investors insisted that Catherine Deneuve be cast as Tristana and his Italian investors wanted young heartthrob Franco Nero to play Horacio. Actress Vanessa Redgrave was often on the set after recently divorcing Tony Richardson for Nero. The films plot has similarities to Buñuels earlier film Viridiana and the character of Don Lope is partially based on Buñuels father
Tristana
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original French film poster
19.
Academy Award for Best Actress
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The Academy Award for Best Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered a performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Janet Gaynor receiving the award for her roles in 7th Heaven, Street Angel, and Sunrise. Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the branch of AMPAS. In the first three years of the awards, actresses were nominated as the best in their categories, at that time, all of their work during the qualifying period was listed after the award. The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actress is nominated for a performance in a single film. Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year, one actress has been nominated posthumously, Jeanne Eagels. Only three film characters have been nominated more than once in this category, elizabeth I of England, Leslie Crosbie in The Letter, and Esther Blodgett in A Star is Born. Six women on the list have received an Honorary Academy Award for their acting, they are Greta Garbo, Barbara Stanwyck, Mary Pickford, Deborah Kerr, Gena Rowlands, since its inception, the award has been given to 74 actresses. Katharine Hepburn has won the most awards in this category, with four Oscars, meryl Streep, who has a total of 20 Oscar nominations, has been nominated in this category on 16 occasions, resulting in two awards. As of the 2017 ceremony, Emma Stone is the most recent winner in category for her role as Mia Dolan in La La Land. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933
Academy Award for Best Actress
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Janet Gaynor was the first winner in this category for her roles in
7th Heaven (1927),
Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans (1927), and
Street Angel (1928).
Academy Award for Best Actress
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Norma Shearer won in 1930 for her performance in
The Divorcee.
Academy Award for Best Actress
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Katharine Hepburn has the most wins in this category for her roles in
Morning Glory (1933),
Guess Who's Coming to Dinner (1967),
The Lion in Winter (1968), and
On Golden Pond (1981).
Academy Award for Best Actress
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Bette Davis won two awards from ten nominations for her roles in
Dangerous (1935) and
Jezebel (1938).
20.
Volpi Cup for Best Actress
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The Volpi Cup is the principal award given to actresses at the Venice Film Festival and is named in honor of Count Giuseppe Volpi di Misurata, the founder of the festival. The award winner is selected by the jury from the films in the competition slate. The official name of the award has changed several times over the course of the years, the awards given from 1983 to 1987 were not Coppa Volpis but rather square plaques. The award can be given for lead or supporting performances, there are additional awards given within the festival that recognize acting performances. From 1993 to 1995 the festival awarded a Best Supporting Actress prize that is included below, the main Best Actress Award resumed in 1983
Volpi Cup for Best Actress
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Valeria Golino holding her Best Actress award at the closing ceremony of the Venice Film Festival in 1986
21.
Venice Film Festival
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The film festival is part of the Venice Biennale, which was founded by the Venetian City Council in 1895. The film festival has taken place in late August or early September on the island of the Lido, Venice. Screenings take place in the historic Palazzo del Cinema on the Lungomare Marconi, since its inception the Venice Film Festival has grown into one of the most prestigious film festivals in the world. The 74th Venice International Film Festival is scheduled to be held from 30 August to 9 September 2017, the first edition of the Venice Film Festival was carried out from the 6 to the 21 of August in 1932. The festival began with an idea of the president of the Venice Biennale Count Giuseppe Volpi di Misurata and Luciano De Feo, with good reason, the festival was considered the first international event of its type, receiving strong support from authorities. This first edition was held on the terrace of the Hotel Excelsior on the Venice Lido, and at that stage it was not a competitive event. The very first film to be shown in the history of the Festival was Rouben Mamoulians Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, the second edition was held two years later, from 1 to 20 of August in 1934. For the first time it included a competition, at least 19 countries took part with over 300 accredited journalists. The Mussolini Cup was introduced for best foreign film and best Italian film, other awards were the Great Gold Medals of the National Fascist Association for Entertainment to best actor and actress. The prize for best foreign film went to Robert J. Flahertys Man of Aran and was a confirmation of the taste of the time for auteur documentaries, starting in 1935, the Festival became a yearly event under the direction of Ottavio Croze. The actors award was renamed Volpi Cup, in 1936 an international jury was nominated for the first time and in 1937 the new Cinema Palace, designed by the architect Luigi Quagliata, was inaugurated. The 1940s represent one of the most difficult moments for the review, the conclusion of the Second World War divides the decade in two. Before 1938 political pressures distorted and ruined the festival, in addition, few countries participated and there was an absolute monopoly of institutions and directors that were members of the Rome-Berlin Axis. The festival resumed full speed in 1946, after the war, with the return of normalcy, Venice once again became a great icon of the film world. In 1947 the festival was held at the Doges Palace, a most magnificent backdrop for hosting a record 90 thousand participants, surely it can be considered one of the greatest editions in the history of the festival. For the next twenty years the festival continued its development and expansion in accordance with the plan set in motion after the war. In 1963 the winds of change blow strongly during Luigi Chiarini’s directorship of the festival, during the years of his presidency, Chiarini aspired to renew the spirit and the structures of the festival, pushing for a total reorganization of the entire system. The social and political unrest of 1968 had strong repercussions on the Venice Bienniale, from 1969 to 1979 no prizes were awarded and the festival returned to the non-competitiveness of the first edition
Venice Film Festival
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Venice Cinema Palace in 2009
Venice Film Festival
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Venice Film Festival
Venice Film Festival
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The
Doge's Palace in
Piazza San Marco hosted the 1947 edition.
Venice Film Festival
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The 65th Venice International Film Festival
22.
Mississippi Mermaid
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Mississippi Mermaid is a 1969 French romantic drama film directed by François Truffaut and starring Catherine Deneuve and Jean-Paul Belmondo. When she arrives it is not the woman in the photo. Filmed in southern France and Réunion island, Mississippi Mermaid was the 17th highest-grossing film of the year in France with a total of 1,221,027 admissions and it was remade in 2001 as Original Sin, directed by Michael Cristofer and starring Angelina Jolie and Antonio Banderas. Louis Mahé, a tobacco plantation owner on Réunion island in the Indian Ocean, is awaiting the arrival of his bride to be, Julie Roussel. They became acquainted through the column of a French newspaper and have been corresponding by mail. At the Hotel Mascarin he meets his partner Jardine who accompanies him to pick up the ring, Louis drives to the dock to greet Julie who is arriving on the steamer Mississipi from Nouméa, the capital of New Caledonia. When they meet he is surprised by her beauty and does not recognize her and she explains that she sent the photo of a neighbor to assure the sincerity of his intentions. He confesses that he too has not told the complete truth, Louis and Julie quickly marry, and his adoration of his new bride makes him overlook inconsistencies with what she wrote in her letters. He gives Julie access to his accounts and prints her image on the cigarette packs his company manufactures. Soon after, Julies sister Berthe arrives and informs him that the woman he married was not Julie and they hire a private detective, Comolli, to track down the impostor and bring her to justice. On a flight to Nice, France, Louis suddenly collapses from exhaustion, while recuperating in the Clinique Heurtebise sanitarium, he sees Julie on television, dancing at a nightclub in Antibes. He buys a gun and travels to Antibes where he breaks into her room at the Hotel Monorail, when she returns and is confronted by Louis, she offers no resistance. She recounts that when they met Julie Roussel and learned of her marriage, Richard fabricated a plot to kill Julie. Afterwards Richard forced her to go through with the robbery and then abandoned her and she tells Louis that she still loves him, and Louis forgives her. Louis and Marion buy a red convertible and drive to Aix-en-Provence where they move into a house together and spend their days traveling the region and their happiness is interrupted, however, by Comolli, who has arrived in Aix on the trail of the impostor. After trying in vain to bribe the detective to drop the case, Louis shoots him dead, Louis and Marion flee to Lyon, but she grows increasingly dissatisfied with their fugitive existence and longs for a life of luxury in Paris. Louis returns briefly to Réunion and sells his share in the plantation to his partner Jardine, upon his return he finds the police are on their trail. Again they are forced to flee, leaving most of his money behind and they head into the mountains where they find an isolated cabin in which to hide
Mississippi Mermaid
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French theatrical release poster
23.
Scene of the Crime (1986 film)
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Scene of the Crime is a 1986 French drama film directed by André Téchiné, starring Catherine Deneuve, Wadeck Stanczak and Danielle Darrieux. The film tells the story of a family in rural France. Thomas, a troubled boy, picking flowers in a cemetery, is surprised by Martin. The boy does not know where to get money, the tells him to ask his parents. My parents are dead, the boy says, in fact, his parents, Maurice and Lili, are alive. They are separated but they live near the boys grandparents house. Thomas, disaffected by his parents divorce, goes to a catholic school but is spending the weekend with his family. His grandmother is arranging to celebrate that day and hopes her daughter. The boy tries to get the money for the stealing from Lili, his mother. He goes through a series of desperate attempts to get money and eventually scrounges some out of his grumpy grandfather. When the boy returns to give Martin the money, the accomplice, Luc, decides that the boy is too much of a liability. Martin saves Thomass life killing his accomplice, Lili Ravenel, who is emotionally close and distant to her son, is worried about Thomas. He is not doing well at school, according to the chaplain who comes to complain about the boys behavior. Lili, trapped in an existence, runs a nightclub that is situated on a river just at the waters edge. Pushed by her mother, she had married Maurice against her better judgment and now needs to escape the effects of her union with him. Maurice threatens to remove the care and custody of her son from her, Lili has to perform her marital duties even after the divorce - while Maurice screens old home-movies of their domestic happiness long past and gone. After killing Luc, Martin arrives to have a drink at a bar by a river and he has no money and at the end of the night, fascinated by the young man, she arranges for the fugitive to take a room at a local hotel. When she arrives home, her son tells her the story in the cemetery, as it was a dream he had, but she realizes that it actually happened and the convict is the man she just left in the hotel
Scene of the Crime (1986 film)
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Theatrical release poster
24.
My Favourite Season
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My Favorite Season is a 1993 French drama film directed by André Téchiné, co-written by Téchiné and Pascal Bonitzer, and starring Catherine Deneuve, Daniel Auteuil, and Marthe Villalonga. The story concerns two middle age siblings, a brother and sister, who resume their relationship when they are forced to care for their ailing mother. It won the award for Best Foreign Language Film at the 1996 Boston Society of Film Critics Awards, Berthe, an elderly widow, is forced by her declining health to close the French farmhouse where she has spent much of her life. She moves in with her daughter Émilie and son in law Bruno who share a legal practice and have two grown up children, Anne, a law university student, and Lucien, who was adopted. In spite of efforts, Berthe is not happy in her daughter’s bourgeois home in Blagnac. She sits by the pool in the middle of the night talking to herself. Worried about her mothers physical and mental health, Émilie pays a visit to her younger brother, Antoine. They have not seen each other for three years, since they quarreled at their father’s funeral, Émilie informs Antoine of their mothers condition and invites him to a Christmas dinner with the entire family. On Christmas Eve, Antoine arrives at his sisters home when Émilie, Bruno, the neurotic Antoine has to remind himself not to be carried away and spoil the evening. Antoine promises not to tell anything, when he finds his mothers room, Berthe is delighted to see her son, but complains about living with her daughter. She dislikes Bruno, has no affection for the grandchildren and does not value her daughter’s efforts to make her feel at ease, dinner is lively, but after the youngsters leave for Lucien’s room, tempers flares between Bruno and Antoine and they end up in a fist fight. Bruno becomes angry, Antoine leaves with a nose and Berthe departs with her son. Talking later with Bruno, Émilie loathes what they have become, Anne is distraught with the familys dispute and looks to Khadija for solace. Berthe returns to live alone at her farm but she suffers a stroke and this forces Émilie to visit her brother once again. Antoine has moved to an apartment in Toulouse. He is glad to learn that Émilie has separated from Bruno, the siblings agree to place their mother in a nursing home as the only viable option. They pick up Berthe and on the drive they remember old times, when Émilie and Antoine sing as they used to when they were children, Berthe cheers up. On a stop during the trip, Antoine fulfills a childhood dream, Berthe introduces her children to the director of the retirement home
My Favourite Season
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Theatrical release poster
25.
8 Women
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8 Women is a 2002 French dark comedy musical film, written and directed by François Ozon. Trapped in the house, every woman becomes a suspect, each having her own motive, Ozon initially envisioned a remake of George Cukors 1939 film The Women, but eventually settled on Thomass Huit femmes after legal obstacles prevented him from doing so. Set primarily in the hall of a manor house, the film recreates much of the plays original theatrical feel. It also serves as a pastiche of and homage to the history of film, the films premiere was held on 8 January 2002 in Paris, where filming had taken place. 8 Women competed for the Golden Bear at the 52nd Berlin International Film Festival, released to generally positive reviews, with major praise for the stars, the film was nominated for twelve César Awards, including Best Film. At the 2002 European Film Awards, the film was nominated for six awards, including Best Film and Best Director, the film is set in the 1950s in a large country residence as a family and its servants are preparing for Christmas. When the master of the house is discovered dead in his bed with a dagger in his back, over the course of the investigation, each woman has a tale to tell and secrets to hide. Their conversation drifts to the subject of the patriarch of the family, Marcel, the singing wakes up Suzon and Catherines aunt Augustine, who initiates arguments with the rest of the family and the two servants, eventually returning upstairs and threatening to commit suicide. Mamy jumps out of her trying to stop her, haphazardly explaining her ability to walk as a Christmas miracle. Augustine is eventually calmed down, and she sings her song of longing, the maid takes a tray upstairs, finds Marcels stabbed body, and screams. Catherine goes up to see what has happened and locks the door, the others finally go up to Marcels room to see him stabbed in the back. Catherine tells the others that they should not disturb the room until the police arrive, realizing that the dogs did not bark the night before the incident, it becomes clear that the murderer was known to the dogs and therefore must be one of the women in the house. Attempting to call the authorities, they find that the line has been cut. Before that can do so, the women are distracted by the announcement that someone is roaming the garden, someone whom the guard dogs are not chasing. The person turns out to be Marcels sister Pierrette, a singer who is also rumored to be a prostitute. When questioned, she claims that she received a telephone call in which she was informed her that her brother was dead. She sings A quoi sert de vivre libre, commenting on her sexual freedom and it is realized that she has been to the house before, as the dogs did not bark and she knew immediately which room belonged to her brother, making her the eighth potential killer. The women try to start the car, and find that it has been sabotaged, cutting them off from help until the storm subsides, the women spend their time trying to identify the murderer amongst them
8 Women
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French theatrical release poster
8 Women
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Isabelle Huppert won several awards for her role in the film.
26.
Potiche
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Potiche is a 2010 French-Belgian comedy film directed by François Ozon, based on the play of the same name by Pierre Barillet and Jean-Pierre Grédy. It stars Catherine Deneuve, Gérard Depardieu, Fabrice Luchini, Karin Viard, Judith Godrèche, set in 1977, the film tells the story of a submissive wife who gets to run her husbands umbrella factory, after the employees rebel against their tyrannical manager. In French, a potiche is a vase, but by extension means window dressing or, roughly. The film competed at the 67th Venice International Film Festival and received two Magritte Award nominations, winning Best Supporting Actor for Jérémie Renier. While writing the screenplay, Ozon regularly met with Barillet, who approved the tweaks made in order to enhance the storys relevance for contemporary society. The political career of Suzanne was entirely Ozons own addition to the story, the project was led by Mandarin Cinéma, with co-production support from Production Services Belgium. Principal photography took place in Belgium from 26 October 2009 and lasted eight weeks, the film was deliberately given a theatrical look in order to create distance and give the audience a constant awareness of watching a work of fiction. An important influence for the style was the cinema of Jacques Demy. The soundtrack includes Michèle Torr with Emmène-moi danser ce soir, Il était une fois with Viens faire un tour sous la pluie, the film premiered on 4 September 2010 in competition at the 67th Venice International Film Festival. It was released in France and Belgium on 10 November, launched in 440 prints through Mars Distribution, Potiche had 875,000 admissions during its first week in French theatres. At its peak the film was playing in 542 venues, when the theatrical run ended, the total number of tickets sold in France had reached 2,318,221. As of 28 June 2011, Box Office Mojo reported that the worldwide revenues of the film corresponded to 23,157,170 US dollars. A subtitled version in English is due to out on DVD in October 2011. Clips from the film were used in trailers subtitled by Orange, with all the dialogue reworded to be about mobile phones, official website Potiche at the Internet Movie Database Potiche at Rotten Tomatoes
Potiche
–
Theatrical release poster
27.
The April Fools
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The April Fools is a 1969 romantic comedy film starring Jack Lemmon and Catherine Deneuve. It was directed by Stuart Rosenberg, Howard Brubaker is married to Phyllis, who doesnt love him. Catherine is the wife of an equally uncaring husband, Howards philandering boss Ted Gunther. The very evening of the same day Ted promotes Howard, at a party hosted by Ted, he urges Howard to pick up an available woman at the party. Howard reluctantly tries it on Catherine, who instantly accepts, the two leave the party for the evening and go out for a little adventure on the town, while Ted is oblivious, as he is concentrating on other women at the party. The two find their marriages are loveless as they discover more about each other that night and decide to run together the next evening. But Ted doesnt realize the man is Howard until Howard is about to board the plane with Catherine to go to Paris. As appearing in screen credits, The 1980 Rosenberg film Brubakers title character is also named H. Brubaker, the female lead was originally going to be played by Shirley MacLaine but she was not available due to commitments on Sweet Charity and campaigning for Robert F. Kennedy. The New York Times review said, The April Fools, written by Hal Dresner and directed by Stuart Rosenberg, manipulates its stereotypes with elegance and style. Published slightly in advance of the release, a paperback screenplay novelization by the ubiquitous. List of American films of 1969 The April Fools at the Internet Movie Database The April Fools at the TCM Movie Database The April Fools at AllMovie
The April Fools
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Theatrical release poster
The April Fools
–
VHS Box Cover
28.
Hustle (1975 film)
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Hustle is a 1975 American neo-noir crime film directed by Robert Aldrich, and stars Burt Reynolds, Catherine Deneuve, Ben Johnson, Paul Winfield, Eileen Brennan, Eddie Albert and Ernest Borgnine. They conclude, with the support of the report, that the victim. The commanding officer, Santoro, tells them to close the case, when the detectives talk to the family about the death they omit two facts about the case. Her father, Marty Hollinger, a veteran of the Korean War, does not accept the official report. He discovers the connection to Sellers, who is also a customer of Phils girlfriend. Produced on a budget of $3.05 million, it earned $10,390,000 in US theatrical rentals, I think it was a good film, said Reynolds. At least it was a story, which I hadnt done in a long time. Catherine Deneuve and I were a case of one plus one makes three so that brought about some interest, Hustle currently holds a 67% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. List of American films of 1975 Hustle at the Internet Movie Database
Hustle (1975 film)
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Theatrical release poster
29.
The Hunger (1983 film)
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The Hunger is a 1983 British-American erotic horror film directed by Tony Scott, and starring Catherine Deneuve, David Bowie, and Susan Sarandon. It is the story of a triangle between a doctor who specialises in sleep and aging research and a vampire couple. The film is a adaptation of the 1981 novel of the same name by Whitley Strieber, with a screenplay by Ivan Davis and Michael Thomas. The film was screened out of competition at the 1983 Cannes Film Festival, Miriam Blaylock is a vampire, promising specially chosen humans eternal life as her vampire lovers. As the film begins, her companion is John, a talented cellist whom she married in 18th century France, in a night club in New York, they connect with a young couple who they bring home and feed upon by slashing their throats with a bladed Ankh pendant. The bodies are disposed of by an incinerator in the basement of John and Miriams elegant New York townhouse, approximately 200 years after his turning, John begins suffering insomnia and ages years in only a few days. John realizes Miriams promise that periodically killing and feeding upon human victims would give him eternal youth was only true, he will have eternal life. Sarah assumes that John is a hypochondriac or mentally unbalanced and ignores his pleas for help, as John leaves the clinic in a rage, Sarah is horrified to see how rapidly he is aging. John rebuffs her once she tries to help him, one of the Blaylocks students, Alice Cavender, drops by their townhouse to say that she cannot attend the next days lesson. In a last attempt to regain his youth, John murders and feeds upon Alice, John begs Miriam to kill him and release him from the agony of his decrepit body. Weeping, Miriam tells him there is no release, after John collapses in the basement, Miriam carries him into the attic full of coffins and places him in one. Like John, Miriams former vampire lovers suffer an eternal living death, helplessly moaning, later, a police official comes to the residence, looking for the missing Alice. Miriam feigns ignorance and claims that her husband is in Switzerland, Sarah comes looking for John at his home but only finds Miriam, who now feels alone after losing both John and Alice. The two have an encounter, during which Miriam bites her arm and some of Miriams blood enters Sarahs body. Miriam attempts to initiate Sarah in the necessities of life as a vampire, Sarah returns home and goes out to dinner with Tom, who becomes argumentative about her 3-hour disappearance at the Blaylock residence, of which she is strangely quiet. The next day at the lab, the team investigates Sarahs blood by Toms authority, confused, Sarah returns to confront Miriam about her sudden changes. Still reeling from the effects of her transformation, Sarah allows Miriam to put her to bed in a guest room. Tom arrives on Miriams doorstep, trying to find Sarah, Miriam shows him to the upstairs bedroom
The Hunger (1983 film)
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Theatrical release poster
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Belle de jour (film)
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Belle de Jour is a 1967 French drama film directed by Luis Buñuel and starring Catherine Deneuve, Jean Sorel, and Michel Piccoli. Based on the 1928 novel Belle de jour by Joseph Kessel, the title of the film is a pun on the French term, belle de nuit, but Séverine works during the day under the pseudonym Belle de Jour. Her nickname can also be interpreted as a reference to the French name of the daylily, meaning beauty of day and it was one of Buñuels most successful and famous films. American director Martin Scorsese promoted a 1995 limited re-release in America, in 2006 the Portuguese director Manoel de Oliveira released Belle Toujours, imagining a future encounter between two of the central characters from the original film. In 2010, Belle de Jour was ranked #56 in Empire magazines list and it won the Golden Lion and the Pasinetti Award for Best Film at the Venice Film Festival in 1967. Many of Deneuves costumes were designed by Yves St. Laurent, Séverine Serizy, a young and beautiful housewife, is unable to share physical intimacy with her husband, Dr. Pierre Serizy, despite their love for each other. Her sexual life is restricted to elaborate fantasies involving domination, sadomasochism, although frustrated by his wifes frigidity toward him, he respects her wishes. While visiting a ski resort, they meet two friends, Henri Husson and Renée, Séverine does not like Hussons manner and the way he looks at her. Back in Paris, Séverine meets up with Renée and learns that a friend, Henriette. At her home, Séverine receives roses from Husson and is unsettled by the gesture, at the tennis courts, she meets Husson and they discuss Henriette and houses of pleasure. Husson mentions a high-class brothel to Séverine at 11 Cité Jean de Saumur and he also confesses his desire for her, but Séverine rejects his advances. Haunted by childhood memories, including one involving a man who appears to touch her inappropriately, Séverine goes to the high-class brothel and that afternoon Séverine services her first client. Reluctant at first, she responds to the hand of Madame Anaïs, who names her Belle de Jour. After staying away for a week, Séverine returns to the brothel, one day Husson comes to visit her at home, but Séverine refuses to see him. Still she fantasizes about having sex with him in her husbands presence, at the same time, Séverines physical relationship with her husband is improving and she begins having sex with him. Séverine becomes involved with a gangster, Marcel, who offers her the kind of thrills. When Marcel becomes increasingly jealous and demanding, Séverine decides to leave the brothel, Séverine is also concerned about Husson, who has discovered her secret life at the brothel. After one of Marcels gangster associates follows Séverine to her home, Marcel visits her, Séverine pleads with him to leave, which he does, referring to her husband as the obstacle
Belle de jour (film)
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Theatrical release poster
