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Cellular senescence
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Cellular senescence is a phenomenon characterized by the cessation of cell division. In their experiments during the early 1960s, Leonard Hayflick and Paul Moorhead found that normal human fetal fibro
Top: Primary mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (MEFs) before senescence. Spindle-shaped. Bottom: MEFs became senescent after passages. Cells grow larger, flatten in shape, and express senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SABG, blue areas), a marker of cellular senescence.
Top: Primary mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (MEFs) before senescence. Spindle-shaped. Bottom: MEFs became senescent after passages. Cells grow large
SASPs in glial cell senescence
SASPs in glial cell senescence
DNA repair
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In molecular biology, DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome. A weakened capacity for DNA repair is a risk f
Cellular senescence
…aging-associated diseases. Senescent astrocytes and microglia contribute to neurodegeneration. Mechanistically, replicative senescence can be triggered by a DNA damage response due to the shortening of telomeres. Cells can also be induced to senesce by DNA damage in response to elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS…
DNA damage resulting in multiple broken chromosomes
DNA damage resulting in multiple broken chromosomes
Diagram of DNA repair.
Diagram of DNA repair.
Structure of the base-excision repair enzyme uracil-DNA glycosylase excising a hydrolytically-produced uracil residue from DNA. The uracil residue is
Structure of the base-excision repair enzyme uracil-DNA glycosylase excising a hydrolytically-produced uracil residue from DNA. The uracil residue is shown in yellow.
DNA ligase, shown above repairing chromosomal damage, is an enzyme that joins broken nucleotides together by catalyzing the formation of an internucle
DNA ligase, shown above repairing chromosomal damage, is an enzyme that joins broken nucleotides together by catalyzing the formation of an internucleotide ester bond between the phosphate backbone and the deoxyribose nucleotides.