A chancellor is a leader of a college or university, usually either the executive or ceremonial head of the university or of a university campus within a university system.
Lord Grenville as Chancellor of the University of Oxford; painting by William Owen
The Chancellor of the University of Oxford, Lord Patten, in procession at Encaenia, 2009
William Smyth, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxford; painting by Gilbert Jackson
A rector is a senior official in an educational institution, and can refer to an official in either a university or a secondary school. Outside the English-speaking world, the rector is often the most senior official in a university, while in the United States, the equivalent is often referred to as the president, and in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth of Nations, the equivalent is the vice-chancellor. The term and office of a rector can be referred to as a rectorate. The title is used widely in universities in Europe and is very common in Latin American countries. It is also used in Brunei, Macau, Turkey, Russia, Pakistan, the Philippines, Indonesia, Israel and the Middle East. In the ancient universities of Scotland the office is sometimes referred to as Lord Rector, is the third most senior official, and is usually responsible for chairing the University Court.
Inauguration of Rector Lubomír Dvořák (Palacký University)
Then Rector of the Bologna University, Ivano Dionigi, with then Prime Minister of Italy Matteo Renzi, in 2015.
Enrique Graue 34th Rector of the UNAM during his inaugural speech.
Colonnade at the reconstructed Yushima Seidō in Tokyo. The hereditary rectors of this Edo period institution were selected from the Hayashi clan.