Chumash people
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The Chumash are a Native American people of the central and southern coastal regions of California, in portions of what became Kern, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, and Los Angeles counties,
Pictographs, Chumash Painted Cave State Historic Park
Chumash Family by American sculptor George S. Stuart
Chumash musicians at Mission San Buenaventura, 1873
Fernando Librado was born in the Mexican era to two Chumash parents from Limuw.
Tongva
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The Tongva are an indigenous people of California from the Los Angeles Basin and the Southern Channel Islands, an area covering approximately 4,000 square miles. In the precolonial era, the people liv
Chumash people
…Cabrillo was the first European to make contact with the coastal Alta Californian tribes in the year 1542. Cabrillo was killed following an attack by Tongva braves and was buried on San Miguel Island, but his men brought back a diary that contained the names and population counts for many Chumash villages…
Narcisa Higuera, photographed in 1905, was one of the last fluent Tongva speakers. An informant for ethnographer C. Hart Merriam, she was cited as the source of the widely used endonym Tongva.
A bench with the name Tongva on it
Photograph of a Mission Indian (Gabrieleño) woman filling a granary with acorns, c. 1898
Painting of Mission San Gabriel by Ferdinand Deppe (1832) showing a Gabrieleño kiiy thatched with tule