In India, the Civil Service is the collection of civil servants of the government who constitute the permanent executive branch of the country. This includes servants in the All India Services, the Central Civil Services, and various State Civil Services, who are recruited by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC), the Staff Selection Commission (SSC), and each state's Public Service Commissions.
Image: Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the Valedictory Session of the Civil Services Day event
Image: Manmohan Singh at the inauguration of the Civil Services Day, 2013, in New Delhi. The Minister of State for Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions and Prime Minister’s Office, Shri V. Narayanasamy
The civil service is a collective term for a sector of government composed mainly of career civil service personnel hired rather than appointed or elected, whose institutional tenure typically survives transitions of political leadership. A civil service official, also known as a public servant or public employee, is a person employed in the public sector by a government department or agency for public sector undertakings. Civil servants work for central and state governments, and answer to the government, not a political party.
Imperial Civil Service Examination hall with 7500 cells in Guangdong, 1873
Emperor Wen of Sui (r. 581–604), who established the first civil service examination system in China; a painting by the chancellor and artist Yan Liben (600–673).
Charles Trevelyan, an architect of Her Majesty's Civil Service, established in 1855 on his recommendations.