The civil service is a collective term for a sector of government composed mainly of career civil service personnel hired rather than elected, whose institutional tenure typically survives transitions
Imperial Civil Service Examination hall with 7500 cells in Guangdong, 1873
Emperor Wen of Sui (r. 581–604), who established the first civil service examination system in China; a painting by the chancellor and artist Yan Liben (600–673).
Charles Trevelyan, an architect of Her Majesty's Civil Service, established in 1855 on his recommendations.
Civil Service in Suranenggala, Cirebon [id], West Java, Indonesia
The imperial examination was a civil service examination system in Imperial China administered for the purpose of selecting candidates for the state bureaucracy. The concept of choosing bureaucrats by
Civil service
…criteria and those awarded for familial ties to earlier administrators entrenched a hereditary ruling class. The civil service developed further with the imperial examination founded under the Sui. The imperial exam based on merit was designed under the Wen Emperor to select the best administrative officials for the state's…
Imperial examination candidates gathering around the wall where results were posted, an announcement known as 'releasing the roll' (放榜; fàngbǎng) – by Qiu Ying (c. 1540)
Examination cells, Beijing
Chinese Examination Cells at the South River School (Nanjiangxue) Nanjing (China)
A model of exam cells displayed at Beijing Imperial Academy