Consanguinity is the characteristic of having a kinship with a relative who is descended from a common ancestor.
Consanguinity of the kings of France as shown in Arbor genealogiae regum Francorum (Bernard Gui, early 14th century)
In anthropology, kinship is the web of social relationships that form an important part of the lives of all humans in all societies, although its exact meanings even within this discipline are often debated. Anthropologist Robin Fox says that the study of kinship is the study of what humans do with these basic facts of life – mating, gestation, parenthood, socialization, siblingship etc. Human society is unique, he argues, in that we are "working with the same raw material as exists in the animal world, but [we] can conceptualize and categorize it to serve social ends." These social ends include the socialization of children and the formation of basic economic, political and religious groups.
A multi-generational extended family in Chaghcharan, Ghor Province, Afghanistan.
A multi-generational extended family of Eastern Orthodox priest in Jerusalem, c. 1893
An illustration of the bi-relational and tri-relational senses of nakurrng in Bininj Kunwok.