The Counter-Enlightenment refers to a loose collection of intellectual stances that arose during the European Enlightenment in opposition to its mainstream attitudes and ideals. The Counter-Enlightenm
Divine Justice smites Jean-Baptiste Pigalle's statue of Voltaire. Anonymous, 1773
Joseph-Marie, Comte de Maistre was one of the more prominent altar-and-throne counter-revolutionaries who vehemently opposed Enlightenment ideas.
Isaiah Berlin traces the Counter-Enlightenment back to J. G. Hamann (shown).
Rousseau is identified by Graeme Garrard as the originator of the Counter-Enlightenment.
Sir Isaiah Berlin was a Russian-British social and political theorist, philosopher, and historian of ideas. Although he became increasingly averse to writing for publication, his improvised lectures a
Berlin in 1983
Plaque marking what was once Berlin's childhood home (designed by Mikhail Eisenstein) in Riga, engraved in Latvian, English, and Hebrew with the tribute "The British philosopher Sir Isaiah Berlin lived in this house 1909–1915"
The Angliyskaya Embankment in Saint Petersburg, where Berlin lived as a child during the Russian Revolutions
English Heritage blue plaque at 33 Upper Addison Gardens, Holland Park, London