Cultural assimilation of Native Americans
A series of efforts were made by the United States to assimilate Native Americans into mainstream European–American culture between the years of 1790 and 1920. George Washington and Henry Knox were first to propose, in the American context, the cultural assimilation of Native Americans. They formulated a policy to encourage the so-called "civilizing process". With increased waves of immigration from Europe, there was growing public support for education to encourage a standard set of cultural values and practices to be held in common by the majority of citizens. Education was viewed as the primary method in the acculturation process for minorities.
Tom Torlino entered Carlisle School on October 21, 1882 at the age of 22 and departed on August 28, 1886.
Indian Agent Benjamin Hawkins demonstrating European methods of farming to Creek (Muscogee) on his Georgia plantation situated along the Flint River, 1805
Portrait of Marsdin, non-native man, and group of students from the Alaska region
Portrait of an assimilated Indigenous Californian in Sacramento, 1867.
The American Indian Wars, also known as the American Frontier Wars, and the Indian Wars, was a conflict initially fought by European colonial empires, and later on by the Confederate states of America, Republic of Texas, Mexico and the United States of America against various American Indian tribes in North America. These conflicts occurred from the time of the earliest colonial settlements in the 17th century until the end of the 19th century. The various wars resulted from a wide variety of factors, the most common being the desire of settlers and governments for Indian tribes' lands. The European powers and their colonies enlisted allied Indian tribes to help them conduct warfare against each other's colonial settlements. After the American Revolution, many conflicts were local to specific states or regions and frequently involved disputes over land use; some entailed cycles of violent reprisal.
An 1899 chromolithograph of U.S. Cavalrymen pursuing American Indians
Indian massacre of 1622
Siege of Fort Detroit during Pontiac's Rebellion in 1763
The abduction of Jemima Boone by Shawnee in 1776