In physical cosmology and astronomy, dark energy is a proposed form of energy that affects the universe on its largest scales. Its primary effect is to drive the accelerating expansion of the universe
Diagram representing a proposed model for the accelerated expansion of the universe due to dark energy
A Type Ia supernova (bright spot on the bottom-left) near NGC 4526
The equation of state of Dark Energy for 4 common models by Redshift. A: CPL Model, B: Jassal Model, C: Barboza & Alcaniz Model, D: Wetterich Model
The universe comprises all of existence: all forms of matter and energy, and the structures they form, from subatomic particles to entire galactic filaments. Since the early 20th century, the field of
Dark energy
…In physical cosmology and astronomy, dark energy is a proposed form of energy that affects the universe on its largest scales. Its primary effect is to drive the accelerating expansion of the universe. It also slows the rate of structure formation. Assuming…
The Hubble Ultra-Deep Field image shows some of the most remote galaxies visible to present technology (diagonal is ~1/10 apparent Moon diameter)
In this schematic diagram, time passes from left to right, with the universe represented by a disk-shaped "slice" at any given time. Time and size are not to scale. To make the early stages visible, the time to the afterglow stage (really the first 0.003%) is stretched and the subsequent expansion (really by 1,100 times to the present) is largely suppressed.
The three possible options for the shape of the universe
The formation of clusters and large-scale filaments in the cold dark matter model with dark energy. The frames show the evolution of structures in a 43 million parsecs (or 140 million light-years) box from redshift of 30 to the present epoch (upper left z=30 to lower right z=0).