1.
Japandroids
–
Japandroids are a Canadian rock band from Vancouver, British Columbia, consisting of Brian King and David Prowse. Formed in 2006, the rose to prominence following the release of their debut album Post-Nothing. Japandroids toured heavily in support of albums, gaining notoriety for their live performances and extensive international concert tours. Between 2009 and 2013, the band performed approximately 500 shows in 44 countries across North and South America, Europe, Asia, Japandroids was formed in 2006 by Brian King and David Prowse. In 2003, Prowse moved to Vancouver, transferring to Simon Fraser University, eager to form their own band, King agreed to relocate to Vancouver following his graduation, doing so in 2005. Heavily influenced by the raw and energetic recordings of the Sonics, King and Prowse began writing and recording music in 2006, hoping to emulate the same style. While they originally intended to find a member to act as lead vocalist, they later decided to forego having a specific lead singer. The name Japandroids came from two other band name ideas, Japanese Scream and Pleasure Droids, occasionally they would spell it without vowels, as JPNDRDS. Frustrated by the lack of support for music in Vancouver, as well as the difficulty of breaking into the local music scene, King. Japandroids performed their first live show on December 30,2006, over the next 2 years, they would perform regularly in Vancouver, but managed only short, sporadic tours due to conflicts with Kings career in Geology. During this period, Japandroids self-released two EPs, 2007s All Lies, and 2008s Lullaby Death Jams, each EP was limited to 500 copies, and would later be re-released as a compilation titled No Singles. Japandroids recorded their first full-length album, Post-Nothing in the summer of 2008, however, by the fall of 2008, King and Prowse had become convinced that the band was going nowhere, and mutually decided to call it quits at the end of the year. It was agreed that their appearances at Pop Montreal in Montreal and it was also agreed that they would self-release the album early in 2009, but would not promote it. By December 2008, King was already attempting to assemble a new band, in January 2009, Japandroids signed to independent Canadian label Unfamiliar Records, who were eager to release the album, despite the bands reservations about continuing. Frustrated by label interest only after they had decided to break-up, King and Prowse reluctantly agreed to continue Japandroids temporarily, and began performing live again. In March 2009, taste-making website Pitchfork Media awarded the song Young Hearts Spark Fire a Best New Track designation and their debut album, Post-Nothing was released in Canada in April 2009, originally on vinyl only. Pitchfork immediately championed the album, awarding it a Best New Music designation, Japandroids were subsequently signed to Polyvinyl Record Co. in June 2009. Post-Nothing was released worldwide in August 2009 to widespread critical acclaim, named it the second best album of 2009
Japandroids
–
Japandroids in concert at the
Hillside Festival in 2010
2.
Order of the British Empire
–
There is also the related British Empire Medal, whose recipients are affiliated with, but not members of, the order. Recommendations for appointments to the Order of the British Empire were at first made on the nomination of the United Kingdom, the self-governing Dominions of the Empire, nominations continue today from Commonwealth countries that participate in recommending British honours. Most members are citizens of the United Kingdom or the Commonwealth realms that use the Imperial system of honours and awards. Honorary knighthoods are appointed to citizens of nations where the Queen is not head of state, occasionally, honorary appointees are, incorrectly, referred to as Sir or Dame – Bill Gates or Bob Geldof, for example. In particular, King George V wished to create an Order to honour many thousands of those who had served in a variety of non-combatant roles during the First World War, when first established, the Order had only one division. However, in 1918, soon after its foundation, it was divided into Military. The Orders motto is For God and the Empire, at the foundation of the Order, the Medal of the Order of the British Empire was instituted, to serve as a lower award granting recipients affiliation but not membership. In 1922, this was renamed the British Empire Medal, in addition, the BEM is awarded by the Cook Islands and by some other Commonwealth nations. The British monarch is Sovereign of the Order, and appoints all members of the Order. The next most senior member is the Grand Master, of whom there have been three, Prince Edward, the Prince of Wales, Queen Mary, and the current Grand Master, the Duke of Edinburgh. The Order is limited to 300 Knights and Dames Grand Cross,845 Knights and Dames Commander, and 8,960 Commanders. There are no limits applied to the number of members of the fourth and fifth classes. Foreign recipients, as members, do not contribute to the numbers restricted to the Order as full members do. Though men can be knighted separately from an order of chivalry, women cannot, and so the rank of Knight/Dame Commander of the Order is the lowest rank of damehood, and second-lowest of knighthood. Because of this, Dame Commander is awarded in circumstances in which a man would be created a Knight Bachelor, for example, by convention, female judges of the High Court of Justice are created Dames Commander after appointment, while male judges become Knights Bachelor. The Order has six officials, the Prelate, the Dean, the Secretary, the Registrar, the King of Arms, the Bishop of London, a senior bishop in the Church of England, serves as the Orders Prelate. The Dean of St Pauls is ex officio the Dean of the Order, the Orders King of Arms is not a member of the College of Arms, as are many other heraldic officers. From time to time, individuals are appointed to a higher grade within the Order, thereby ceasing usage of the junior post-nominal letters
Order of the British Empire
–
Most Excellent Order of the British Empire
Order of the British Empire
–
MBE as awarded in 1918
Order of the British Empire
–
Close up of an MBE from 1945 showing the "For God and the Empire"
Order of the British Empire
–
Lieutenant General Sir
Robert Fulton, KBE
3.
Bristol
–
Bristol is a city and county in South West England with a population of 449,300 in 2016. The district has the 10th largest population in England, while the Bristol metropolitan area is the 12th largest in the United Kingdom, the city borders North Somerset and South Gloucestershire, with the cities of Bath and Gloucester to the south-east and north-east, respectively. Iron Age hill forts and Roman villas were built near the confluence of the rivers Frome and Avon, Bristol received a royal charter in 1155 and was historically divided between Gloucestershire and Somerset until 1373, when it became a county of itself. From the 13th to the 18th century, Bristol was among the top three English cities after London in tax receipts, Bristol was surpassed by the rapid rise of Manchester, Liverpool and Birmingham in the Industrial Revolution. Bristol was a place for early voyages of exploration to the New World. On a ship out of Bristol in 1497 John Cabot, a Venetian, in 1499 William Weston, a Bristol merchant, was the first Englishman to lead an exploration to North America. At the height of the Bristol slave trade, from 1700 to 1807, the Port of Bristol has since moved from Bristol Harbour in the city centre to the Severn Estuary at Avonmouth and Royal Portbury Dock. Bristols modern economy is built on the media, electronics and aerospace industries. The city has the largest circulating community currency in the U. K. - the Bristol pound, which is pegged to the Pound sterling. It is connected to London and other major UK cities by road, rail, sea and air by the M5 and M4, Bristol Temple Meads and Bristol Parkway mainline rail stations, and Bristol Airport. The Sunday Times named it as the best city in Britain in which to live in 2014 and 2017, the most ancient recorded name for Bristol is the archaic Welsh Caer Odor, which is consistent with modern understanding that early Bristol developed between the River Frome and Avon Gorge. It is most commonly stated that the Saxon name Bricstow was a calque of the existing Celtic name, with Bric a literal translation of Odor. Alternative etymologies are supported with the numerous variations in Medieval documents with Samuel Seyer enumerating 47 alternative forms. The Old English form Brycgstow is commonly used to derive the meaning place at the bridge, utilizing another form, Brastuile, Rev. Dr. Shaw derived the name from the Celtic words bras, or braos and tuile. The poet Thomas Chatterton popularised a derivation from Brictricstow linking the town to Brictric and it appears that the form Bricstow prevailed until 1204, and the Bristolian L is what eventually changed the name to Bristol. Iron Age hill forts near the city are at Leigh Woods and Clifton Down, on the side of the Avon Gorge, a Roman settlement, Abona, existed at what is now Sea Mills, another was at the present-day Inns Court. Isolated Roman villas and small forts and settlements were scattered throughout the area. Bristol was founded by 1000, by about 1020, it was a centre with a mint producing silver pennies bearing its name
Bristol
–
Bristol
Bristol
Bristol
–
Black and white etching showing the towers of
St Stephen's Church,
St Augustine the Less Church and
Bristol Cathedral, published c.1850
Bristol
–
West front of Bristol Cathedral
4.
England
–
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west, the Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east, the country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain in its centre and south, and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight. England became a state in the 10th century, and since the Age of Discovery. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the worlds first industrialised nation, Englands terrain mostly comprises low hills and plains, especially in central and southern England. However, there are uplands in the north and in the southwest, the capital is London, which is the largest metropolitan area in both the United Kingdom and the European Union. In 1801, Great Britain was united with the Kingdom of Ireland through another Act of Union to become the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In 1922 the Irish Free State seceded from the United Kingdom, leading to the latter being renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain, the name England is derived from the Old English name Englaland, which means land of the Angles. The Angles were one of the Germanic tribes that settled in Great Britain during the Early Middle Ages, the Angles came from the Angeln peninsula in the Bay of Kiel area of the Baltic Sea. The earliest recorded use of the term, as Engla londe, is in the ninth century translation into Old English of Bedes Ecclesiastical History of the English People. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, its spelling was first used in 1538. The earliest attested reference to the Angles occurs in the 1st-century work by Tacitus, Germania, the etymology of the tribal name itself is disputed by scholars, it has been suggested that it derives from the shape of the Angeln peninsula, an angular shape. An alternative name for England is Albion, the name Albion originally referred to the entire island of Great Britain. The nominally earliest record of the name appears in the Aristotelian Corpus, specifically the 4th century BC De Mundo, in it are two very large islands called Britannia, these are Albion and Ierne. But modern scholarly consensus ascribes De Mundo not to Aristotle but to Pseudo-Aristotle, the word Albion or insula Albionum has two possible origins. Albion is now applied to England in a poetic capacity. Another romantic name for England is Loegria, related to the Welsh word for England, Lloegr, the earliest known evidence of human presence in the area now known as England was that of Homo antecessor, dating to approximately 780,000 years ago. The oldest proto-human bones discovered in England date from 500,000 years ago, Modern humans are known to have inhabited the area during the Upper Paleolithic period, though permanent settlements were only established within the last 6,000 years
England
–
Stonehenge, a
Neolithic monument
England
–
Flag
England
–
Boudica led an uprising against the
Roman Empire
England
–
Replica of a 7th-century ceremonial
helmet from the
Kingdom of East Anglia, found at
Sutton Hoo
5.
United Kingdom
–
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland, with an area of 242,500 square kilometres, the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants, together, this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union. The United Kingdom is a monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance. The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has reigned since 6 February 1952, other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the regions of Birmingham, Leeds, Glasgow, Liverpool and Manchester. The United Kingdom consists of four countries—England, Scotland, Wales, the last three have devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in their capitals, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast, respectively. The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time, Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain, which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922, leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, there are fourteen British Overseas Territories. These are the remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in the 1920s, British influence can be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies. The United Kingdom is a country and has the worlds fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP. The UK is considered to have an economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index. It was the worlds first industrialised country and the worlds foremost power during the 19th, the UK remains a great power with considerable economic, cultural, military, scientific and political influence internationally. It is a nuclear weapons state and its military expenditure ranks fourth or fifth in the world. The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 and it has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor, the European Economic Community, since 1973. However, on 23 June 2016, a referendum on the UKs membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave. The Acts of Union 1800 united the Kingdom of Great Britain, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have devolved self-government
United Kingdom
–
Stonehenge, in
Wiltshire, was erected around 2500 BC.
United Kingdom
–
Flag
United Kingdom
–
The
Bayeux Tapestry depicts the
Battle of Hastings, 1066, and the events leading to it.
United Kingdom
–
The
Treaty of Union led to a single united kingdom encompassing all Great Britain.
6.
Bristol Grammar School
–
Bristol Grammar School is an independent day school located in Tyndalls Park, Bristol. Founded in 1532 by brothers Robert and Nicholas Thorne as an all-boys school, the headmaster is a member of the Headmasters and Headmistresses Conference. The school is in three sections, the Infant and Junior School, Senior School and Sixth Form, the school motto Ex Spinis Uvas, which translates as Grapes From Thorns, is a play upon the names of the school founders Robert and Nicholas Thorne. The school became a direct grant grammar school in 1946 as a result of the Education Act 1944, the Grammar School over the Frome Gate was in the care of its first schoolmaster, Thomas Moffat, when good fortune stepped in to secure its future. The Thorne family were wealthy Bristol merchants, friends of men like John Cabot and they wished to endow a school where the sons of Bristol merchants and tradesmen could receive an education. There the boys learnt Latin and Greek, Divinity and some Hebrew, by 1767, the buildings were cramped. This exchange was carried out, and Charles Lee proceeded to enjoy his new school by reducing the numbers of boys. The School was set to rights in 1812, but education was moving away from the classics and it received a new scheme in 1847 and re-opened in January 1848 with 300 pupils. By 1870 the headmaster told the Endowed Schools Commission that the school was full to overflowing with 240 boys, at that time, Bristol had substantial hospital endowments but these were mostly spent on charity rather than education. The assistant charity commissioner proposed a scheme that would reorganise the objectives of the schools and secure funding for the Grammar School. After several years of debate and negotiation the initiative was approved in 1875, the first buildings in Tyndalls Park were occupied in 1879, the Big School, with its Great Hall, and the Headmasters House, a modest dwelling which is now the Junior School. Further classrooms were added, a Gymnasium and a Fives Court and these have been rebuilt as art rooms and rehearsal rooms, but the Winterstoke wing still houses the laboratories which were added in 1914. The Preparatory School began in 1900, and in 1928 moved into its own building on Elton Road, the Prep Hall, which survived, is now the Mackay Theatre. The Elton Road ruin was rebuilt as classrooms under John Garrett, there are six Houses in the Senior School, each named after its Head of House. Each student is placed in one of the six House groups at the beginning of their time in the Senior School, House activities include plays, music competitions and inter-House sporting tournaments. The House names and colours are, Scotts Diamonds Edwardss Catchpoles Shorts Hilliards House colours are awarded, School colours are awarded to pupils typically in their final year, who perform exceptionally well in sport or any other school activity. They would be expected to compete in a team and show continued commitment. This was extended to include performing arts, awarding several students colours for their contribution to concerts, plays, the size of teaching groups ranges from 25 students per teacher in lower years to occasionally one per teacher
Bristol Grammar School
–
University Road Entrance
Bristol Grammar School
–
Bristol Grammar School at Tyndall's Park in 1882
Bristol Grammar School
–
Main entrance
Bristol Grammar School
–
Great Hall
7.
Actor
–
Anyone who meets the eligibility requirements may apply for aid, which could vary from medical assistance, paying rent, or finding employment. Heros benefits are not meant to be a permanent crutch for needy creators, any granted aid is kept confidential. The Hero Initiative has two boards of directors, the Executive Board and the Fund Disbursement Board, former board members include founders Pat McCallum, editor-in-chief of Wizard Magazine, and Mike Richardson, publisher and founder of Dark Horse Comics. They are George Pérez, Roy Thomas, Charlie Novinskie, Dennis ONeil, John Romita Sr. the charity is currently supported by Dark Horse Comics, Dynamic Forces, Image Comics, Marvel Entertainment, Top Cow Productions, and Wizard Entertainment. The Hero Initiative utilizes many methods of fundraising, foremost is their annual art auction, auctioning donated original comics art-work at fan conventions. Year-long, they sell donated art and special edition comics at conventions, artists, writers, and publishers are invited to donate work, and fans are invited to donate money directly to the fund. ACTOR also sells a green Excelsior, wrist-band similar in design to the Livestrong wristband. The Hero Initiative was formerly known as A Commitment to Our Roots, or ACTOR, while the original name of the organization reflected the charitys goal, the acronym that resulted, ACTOR, more often confused people unfamiliar with the organization. 2006, George Pérez, John Romita, Sr.2007, Joe Kubert 2008, Nick Cardy 2009, Neal Adams 2010, Walt Simonson 2011, Stan Lee 2012, John Romita, Jr. The award recognizes one person in each year who demonstrates particular generosity and integrity in support of the overall comic book community. It debuted at the 2010 Harvey Awards ceremony held at the Baltimore Comic-Con
Actor
–
The Hero Initiative
Actor
8.
Body builder
–
Bodybuilding is the use of progressive resistance exercise to control and develop ones musculature. An individual who engages in this activity is referred to as a bodybuilder, the winner of the annual IFBB Mr. Olympia contest is generally recognized as the worlds top male professional bodybuilder. The title is held by Phil Heath, who has won every year from 2011 to 2016. The winner of the Womens Physique portion of the competition is widely regarded as the top female professional bodybuilder. The title is held by Juliana Malacarne, who has won every year since 2014. Since 1950, the NABBA Universe Championships have been considered the top amateur bodybuilding contests, with notable winners such as Reg Park, Lee Priest, Steve Reeves, stone-lifting traditions were practised in ancient Egypt and Greece. Western weightlifting developed in Europe from 1880 to 1953, with strongmen displaying feats of strength for the public, the focus was not on their physique, and they often had large bellies and fatty limbs. Bodybuilding developed in the late 19th century, promoted in England by German Eugen Sandow, now called the Father of Modern Bodybuilding and he allowed audiences to enjoy viewing his physique in muscle display performances. Although audiences were thrilled to see a well-developed physique, the men simply displayed their bodies as part of demonstrations or wrestling matches. Sandow had a stage show built around these displays through his manager, the Oscar-winning 1936 musical film The Great Ziegfeld depicts this beginning of modern bodybuilding, when Sandow began to display his body for carnivals. Sandow was so successful at flexing and posing his physique that he created several businesses around his fame. He was credited with inventing and selling the first exercise equipment for the masses, machined dumbbells, spring pulleys, even his image was sold by the thousands in cabinet cards and other prints. Sandow was a perfect gracilian, a standard of ideal body proportions close to those of ancient Greek, men were judged by how closely they matched these proportions. Sandow organised the first bodybuilding contest on September 14,1901 and it was held at the Royal Albert Hall in London. Judged by Sandow, Sir Charles Lawes, and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the trophy presented to the winner was a gold statue of Sandow sculpted by Frederick Pomeroy. The winner was William L. Murray of Nottingham, the silver Sandow trophy was presented to second-place winner D. Cooper. The bronze Sandow trophy, now the most famous of all, was presented to third-place winner A. C. Smythe, in 1950, this same bronze trophy was presented to Steve Reeves for winning the inaugural NABBA Mr. Universe. It would not resurface again until 1977, when the winner of the IFBB Mr. Olympia contest, Frank Zane, was presented with the bronze trophy, since then, Mr. Olympia winners have been awarded a replica of the bronze trophy
Body builder
–
Eugen Sandow, the "Father of Modern Bodybuilding".
Body builder
–
Model Jackie Coey with Mr. Los Angeles contestant Ed Holovchik (also known as
Ed Fury), 1953
Body builder
–
Frank Zane, a former professional bodybuilder and three-time Mr. Olympia.
Body builder
–
Pro female bodybuilder
Nikki Fuller performs a side chest pose.
9.
Weightlifter
–
The two competition lifts in order are the snatch and the clean and jerk. Each weightlifter receives three attempts in each, and the total of the highest two successful lifts determines the overall result within a bodyweight category. Bodyweight categories are different for male and female competitors, a lifter who fails to complete at least one successful snatch and one successful clean and jerk also fails to total, and therefore receives an incomplete entry for the competition. The clean and press was once a competition lift, but was discontinued due to difficulties in judging proper form, properly executed, the snatch and the clean and jerk are both dynamic and explosive while appearing graceful, especially when viewed from a recording at a slowed speed. The sport is controlled by the International Weightlifting Federation, based in Budapest, it was founded in 1905. Athletes compete in a division determined by their body mass, there have been eight male divisions and eight female divisions since 2017. Prizes are usually given for the heaviest weights lifted in each, the order of the competition is up to the lifters—the competitor who chooses to attempt the lowest weight goes first. The barbell is loaded incrementally and progresses to a heavier weight throughout the course of competition, weights are set in 1 kilogram increments. When a tie occurs, the athlete with the lower bodyweight is declared the winner, if two athletes lift the same total weight and have the same bodyweight, the winner is the athlete who lifted the total weight first. During competition, the event takes place first, followed by a short intermission. Two successes are required for any attempt to pass, usually, the judges and referees results are registered via a lighting system with a white light indicating a successful lift and a red light indicating a failed lift. This is done for the benefit of all in attendance be they athlete, coach, in addition, one or two technical officials may be present to advise during a ruling. At local competitions, a Best Lifter title is commonly awarded and it is awarded to both the best mens and womens lifters. Competition to establish who can lift the heaviest weight has been recorded throughout civilization, with the earliest known recordings including those found in Egypt, China, today, the modern sport of weightlifting traces its origins to the European competitions of the 19th century. The first male champion was crowned in 1891, the weightlifters were not categorized by weight at this time. The first Olympic Games of 1896 included weightlifting in the Field event of the predecessor to todays track, during the 1900 Olympic Games, there was no weightlifting event. Weightlifting resumed as an event, again in athletics, in 1904 but was omitted from the Games of 1908 and 1912 and these were the last Games until after the First World War. In these early Games, a distinction was drawn between lifting with one only and lifting with two hands
Weightlifter
–
Olympic lifter
Svetlana Podobedova at the 2012 Olympic Games in London.
Weightlifter
–
Snatch
Weightlifter
–
Greek commemorative coin featuring modern and ancient weightlifting (latter picture taken from Greek vase).
Weightlifter
–
The 110kg division weightlifting winners of the 1980 Olympic Games, held in Moscow.
10.
Bodybuilder
–
Bodybuilding is the use of progressive resistance exercise to control and develop ones musculature. An individual who engages in this activity is referred to as a bodybuilder, the winner of the annual IFBB Mr. Olympia contest is generally recognized as the worlds top male professional bodybuilder. The title is held by Phil Heath, who has won every year from 2011 to 2016. The winner of the Womens Physique portion of the competition is widely regarded as the top female professional bodybuilder. The title is held by Juliana Malacarne, who has won every year since 2014. Since 1950, the NABBA Universe Championships have been considered the top amateur bodybuilding contests, with notable winners such as Reg Park, Lee Priest, Steve Reeves, stone-lifting traditions were practised in ancient Egypt and Greece. Western weightlifting developed in Europe from 1880 to 1953, with strongmen displaying feats of strength for the public, the focus was not on their physique, and they often had large bellies and fatty limbs. Bodybuilding developed in the late 19th century, promoted in England by German Eugen Sandow, now called the Father of Modern Bodybuilding and he allowed audiences to enjoy viewing his physique in muscle display performances. Although audiences were thrilled to see a well-developed physique, the men simply displayed their bodies as part of demonstrations or wrestling matches. Sandow had a stage show built around these displays through his manager, the Oscar-winning 1936 musical film The Great Ziegfeld depicts this beginning of modern bodybuilding, when Sandow began to display his body for carnivals. Sandow was so successful at flexing and posing his physique that he created several businesses around his fame. He was credited with inventing and selling the first exercise equipment for the masses, machined dumbbells, spring pulleys, even his image was sold by the thousands in cabinet cards and other prints. Sandow was a perfect gracilian, a standard of ideal body proportions close to those of ancient Greek, men were judged by how closely they matched these proportions. Sandow organised the first bodybuilding contest on September 14,1901 and it was held at the Royal Albert Hall in London. Judged by Sandow, Sir Charles Lawes, and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the trophy presented to the winner was a gold statue of Sandow sculpted by Frederick Pomeroy. The winner was William L. Murray of Nottingham, the silver Sandow trophy was presented to second-place winner D. Cooper. The bronze Sandow trophy, now the most famous of all, was presented to third-place winner A. C. Smythe, in 1950, this same bronze trophy was presented to Steve Reeves for winning the inaugural NABBA Mr. Universe. It would not resurface again until 1977, when the winner of the IFBB Mr. Olympia contest, Frank Zane, was presented with the bronze trophy, since then, Mr. Olympia winners have been awarded a replica of the bronze trophy
Bodybuilder
–
Eugen Sandow, the "Father of Modern Bodybuilding".
Bodybuilder
–
Model Jackie Coey with Mr. Los Angeles contestant Ed Holovchik (also known as
Ed Fury), 1953
Bodybuilder
–
Frank Zane, a former professional bodybuilder and three-time Mr. Olympia.
Bodybuilder
–
Pro female bodybuilder
Nikki Fuller performs a side chest pose.
11.
Character actor
–
A character actor or character actress is a supporting actor who plays unusual, interesting, or eccentric characters. The term, often contrasted with that of leading actor, is somewhat abstract, in a literal sense, all actors can be considered character actors since they all play characters, but in the usual sense it is an actor who plays a distinctive and important supporting role. In either case, character actor roles are more substantial than bit parts or non-speaking extras, the term is used primarily to describe television and film actors, and is less used to describe theater actors. An early use of the term was in the 1883 edition of The Stage, Actors with a long career history of playing character roles may be difficult for audiences to recognize as being the same actor, if they play such roles convincingly and memorably. Unlike leading actors, they are seen as less glamorous. Generally, the names of actors are not featured prominently in movie and television advertising on the marquee. Some character actors have distinctive voices or accents, or they develop memorable mannerisms, a character actor with a long career may not have a well-known name, yet may be instantly recognizable. During the course of a career, an actor can sometimes shift between leading roles and secondary roles. Some leading actors, as they get older, find that access to leading roles is limited by their increasing age, in the past, actors of color, who were often barred from roles for which they were otherwise suited, found work performing ethnic stereotypes. Sometimes character actors have developed based on specific talents needed in genre films, such as dancing, horsemanship, acrobatics, swimming ability. Some character actors develop a following with a particular audience. Ed Lauter usually portrayed a menacing figure because of his long, angular face which was recognized in public. Character actors can play a variety of types, such as the femme fatale, gunslinger, sidekick, town drunk, villain, whore with a heart of gold, Character actors subsume themselves into the characters they portray, such that their off-screen acting persona is practically unrecognizable. According to one view, great actors are rarely out of work. They are also highly regarded by fellow actors. Stock character Commedia dellarte Quinlan, David, quinlans Illustrated Directory of Film Character Actors. Character Kings, Hollywoods Familiar Faces Discuss the Art & Business of Acting
Character actor
–
Actor
Claude Rains (right) was sometimes a leading actor, sometimes a character actor, often cast as a sophisticated, sometimes "ambiguously moral" man.
Character actor
–
Character actor
Margaret Hamilton (left) in real life was a "sweet, gentle woman" who even taught kindergarten prior to working on Broadway and Hollywood, which was radically different from her scary on-screen persona of the
Wicked Witch in the famous
1939 film.
12.
Darth Vader
–
Darth Vader, also known by his birth name Anakin Skywalker, is a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise. The character was created by George Lucas and has been portrayed by numerous actors and his appearances span the first six Star Wars films, as well as Rogue One, and his character is heavily referenced in Star Wars, The Force Awakens. He is also an important character in the Star Wars expanded universe of television series, video games, novels, literature and comic books. Originally a Jedi prophesied to bring balance to the Force, he falls to the side of the Force and serves the evil Galactic Empire at the right hand of his Sith master. He is also the father of Luke Skywalker and Princess Leia Organa, grandfather of Kylo Ren, Darth Vader has become one of the most iconic villains in popular culture, and has been listed among the greatest villains and fictional characters ever. The American Film Institute listed him as the third greatest movie villain in history on 100 Years. 100 Heroes and Villains, behind Hannibal Lecter and Norman Bates, however, other critics consider him a tragic hero, citing his original motivations for the greater good before his fall to the dark side. After the success of the original Star Wars, series creator George Lucas hired science fiction author Leigh Brackett to write the sequel with him and they held story conferences and, by late November 1977, Lucas had produced a handwritten treatment. The treatment is similar to the film, except that Vader does not reveal he is Lukes father. In the first draft that Brackett would write from this, Lukes father appears as a ghost to instruct Luke, Lucas was disappointed with the script, but Brackett died of cancer before he could discuss it with her. With no writer available, Lucas had to write the next draft himself, in this draft, he made use of a new plot twist, Vader claiming to be Lukes father. According to Lucas, he found this draft enjoyable to write, the new plot element of Lukes parentage had drastic effects on the series. Anakin battled Kenobi on the site of a volcano and was badly wounded, meanwhile, Kenobi hid Luke on Tatooine while the Galactic Republic became the tyrannical Galactic Empire and Vader systematically hunted down and killed the Jedi. This change in character would provide a springboard to the Tragedy of Darth Vader storyline that underlies the prequel trilogy, after deciding to create the prequel trilogy, Lucas indicated the series would be a tragic one depicting Anakins fall to the dark side. He also saw that the prequels could form the beginning of one story that started with Anakins childhood. This was the step towards turning the film series into a saga. For the first prequel, Star Wars, Episode I – The Phantom Menace, Movie trailers focused on Anakin and a one-sheet poster showing him casting Vaders shadow informed otherwise unknowing audiences of the characters eventual fate. The movie ultimately achieved a goal of introducing audiences to Anakin
Darth Vader
–
David Prowse as Darth Vader in
The Empire Strikes Back.
Darth Vader
–
Ralph McQuarrie, the designer of Darth Vader, visiting
ILM in 2008.
Darth Vader
–
Sebastian Shaw as Anakin Skywalker, unmasked and redeemed in the special edition of
Return of the Jedi.
Darth Vader
–
Hayden Christensen as Anakin Skywalker in
Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith.
13.
Star Wars
–
Star Wars is an American epic space opera franchise, centered on a film series created by George Lucas. It depicts the adventures of characters a long time ago in a galaxy far, far away. The franchise began in 1977 with the release of the film Star Wars and it was followed by the successful sequels The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi, these three films constitute the original Star Wars trilogy. A prequel trilogy was released between 1999 and 2005, which received mixed-to-negative reactions, a sequel trilogy began in 2015 with the release of Star Wars, The Force Awakens. All seven films were nominated for Academy Awards and have been successes, with a combined box office revenue of over $7.5 billion. Spin-off films include Star Wars, The Clone Wars and Rogue One, Star Wars also holds a Guinness World Records title for the Most successful film merchandising franchise. In 2015, the value of the Star Wars franchise was estimated at USD $42 billion. In 2012, The Walt Disney Company acquired Lucasfilm for $4.06 billion and earned the rights to all subsequent Star Wars films. Walt Disney Studios owns digital distribution rights to all the Star Wars films, the events depicted in the Star Wars franchise take place in an unnamed fictional galaxy at an undetermined point in the distant past. Many species of creatures are depicted. Robotic droids are also commonplace and are built to serve their owners. Space travel is common, and many planets in the galaxy are members of a single galactic government. In the prequel trilogy, this is depicted in the form of the Galactic Republic, at the end of the trilogy and throughout the original trilogy. Preceding and during the trilogy, this government is the New Republic. One of the prominent elements of Star Wars is the Force and it is described in the first produced film as an energy field created by all living things surrounds us, penetrates us, binds the galaxy together. While the Force can be used for good, known as the side, it also has a dark side that, when pursued, imbues users with hatred, aggression. The sequel trilogy introduces the Knights of Ren, an order of practitioners of the side of the Force aligned with the First Order. The first film in the series, Star Wars, was released on May 25,1977 and this was followed by two sequels, The Empire Strikes Back, released on May 21,1980, and Return of the Jedi, released on May 25,1983
Star Wars
–
A street performer in costume as
Darth Vader in
Amsterdam. Vader is one of the most iconic characters of the Star Wars franchise.
Star Wars
–
The Star Wars logo as seen in all films
Star Wars
–
George Lucas, the creator of Star Wars
Star Wars
–
John Williams, composer of the musical
scores for all six films of the original and prequel trilogies.
14.
British culture
–
The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture. British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture, the United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology, producing world-leading scientists and inventions. Sport is an important part of British culture, numerous sports originated in the country, the UK has been described as a cultural superpower, and London has been described as a world cultural capital. The Industrial Revolution, which started in the UK, had an effect on the socio-economic. These states are collectively known as the Anglosphere, and are among Britains closest allies. In turn the empire also influenced British culture, particularly British cuisine, the cultures of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness. First spoken in early medieval England, the English language is the de facto language of the UK. Individual countries within the UK have frameworks for the promotion of their indigenous languages, Irish and Ulster Scots enjoy limited use alongside English in Northern Ireland, mainly in publicly commissioned translations. There is also a campaign under way to recognise Scots as a language in Scotland, the Cornish language enjoys neither official recognition nor promotion by the state in Cornwall. Under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, the UK Government has committed to the promotion of linguistic traditions. The United Kingdom has ratified the charter for, Welsh, Scottish Gaelic and Scots, Cornish, British Sign Language is also a recognised language. Owing to its history, dialects and regional accents vary amongst the four countries of the United Kingdom. Some cities in close proximity have a different dialect and accent, such as Scousers from Liverpool, notable Scouse speakers include John Lennon and Paul McCartney from The Beatles while Mancunians include Liam and Noel Gallagher from Oasis. Received Pronunciation is the accent of standard English in the UK, brummie is the dialect of natives of Birmingham in the west midlands of England – notable Brummies include rock musicians Ozzy Osbourne, Jeff Lynne, and Rob Halford. Geordie is the dialect of people from Tyneside in northeast England – musicians Brian Johnson, Mark Knopfler, notable exponents of the Scottish accent include Sean Connery, comedian Billy Connolly, and The Proclaimers. The West Country accent from southwest England is identified in film as pirate speech – cartoon-like Ooh arr, talk is very similar, while famous pirates hailed from this region, including Blackbeard, West Country native Robert Newtons performance as Long John Silver in films standardised the pirate voice. The Northern Irish accent includes golfer Rory McIlroy and actor Liam Neeson, the early 18th century is known as the Augustan Age of English literature. From the late 18th century, the Romantic period showed a flowering of poetry comparable with the Renaissance 200 years earlier, in Scotland the poetry of Robert Burns revived interest in Scots literature, and the Weaver Poets of Ulster were influenced by literature from Scotland
British culture
–
The Proms is a nine-week summer season of daily orchestral classical music concerts, culminating with a final night of traditional
patriotic music
British culture
–
A
street party at a primary school in Lancashire, England, on the occasion of the
wedding of Prince William and Kate Middleton
British culture
–
The manuscript of the
Anglo Saxon,
Old English, heroic epic poem
Beowulf is located in the British Library
15.
Green Cross Code
–
The Green Cross Code is a brand created by the National Road Safety Committee to raise awareness of pedestrian road safety in the United Kingdom. The multimedia Green Cross Code campaign began in 1970 and continues today, the Green Cross Code replaced the earlier Kerb Drill pedestrian safety campaign, the Kerb Drills military style was deemed confusing to children by safety authorities. Tufty Fluffytail, a red squirrel character, was created in 1953 by Elsie Mills MBE to introduce clear. The success of the led to the creation in 1961 of the Tufty Club for children under five years of age. Under its auspices more than 30,000 Tufty books about road safety were issued to parents, at its peak there were nearly 25,000 branches of the Tufty Club throughout the UK, and by the early 1970s an estimated two million children were members. The movement continued into the 1980s, the Green Cross Code itself is a short step-by-step procedure designed to enable pedestrians to cross streets safely. While the Code has undergone changes over the years, the basic tenets have remained more or less the same. The 2005 version of the Green Cross Code reads as follows, find the safest place to cross, then stop. Stand on the pavement near the kerb, look all around for traffic, and listen. WAIT UNTIL ITS SAFE TO CROSS, if traffic is coming, let it pass. When its safe, walk straight across the road, keep looking and listening The Green Cross Man is a costumed superhero character created in 1970 as an aid to teaching young children the Green Cross Code, and for promoting general road safety. The light-hearted spots ran on UK television from 1975 to 1990, in the films, Green Cross Man has the power to teleport from his monitoring station at Green Cross Control to any location where children are in need of pedestrian safety instruction. He accomplishes this by use of a wristwatch-like dematerialiser device, on these missions he is sometimes accompanied by a whimsical robot companion. His signature exclamation of surprise or disbelief is Green Crosses. the Green Cross Code Man was revived with two short films produced for Road Safety Week 2014. David Prowse again took the role, at the age of 79. The new campaign aimed to adults the dangers of using smartphones, wearing headphones. The film was updated to cartoon form, voiced by Derek Griffiths. In 1983, the television adverts employed a Green Cross Code rap based on the hit The Message by Grandmaster Flash, the original lyrics of Dont push me cos Im close to the edge were replaced with Dont step out when youre close to the edge
Green Cross Code
–
Stop, Look, Listen and Think. Pedestrians crossing Ingram Street, Glasgow.
Green Cross Code
–
Take it from Green Cross Man
16.
Original trilogy (Star Wars)
–
Star Wars is an American epic space opera franchise, centered on a film series created by George Lucas. It depicts the adventures of characters a long time ago in a galaxy far, far away. The franchise began in 1977 with the release of the film Star Wars and it was followed by the successful sequels The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi, these three films constitute the original Star Wars trilogy. A prequel trilogy was released between 1999 and 2005, which received mixed-to-negative reactions, a sequel trilogy began in 2015 with the release of Star Wars, The Force Awakens. All seven films were nominated for Academy Awards and have been successes, with a combined box office revenue of over $7.5 billion. Spin-off films include Star Wars, The Clone Wars and Rogue One, Star Wars also holds a Guinness World Records title for the Most successful film merchandising franchise. In 2015, the value of the Star Wars franchise was estimated at USD $42 billion. In 2012, The Walt Disney Company acquired Lucasfilm for $4.06 billion and earned the rights to all subsequent Star Wars films. Walt Disney Studios owns digital distribution rights to all the Star Wars films, the events depicted in the Star Wars franchise take place in an unnamed fictional galaxy at an undetermined point in the distant past. Many species of creatures are depicted. Robotic droids are also commonplace and are built to serve their owners. Space travel is common, and many planets in the galaxy are members of a single galactic government. In the prequel trilogy, this is depicted in the form of the Galactic Republic, at the end of the trilogy and throughout the original trilogy. Preceding and during the trilogy, this government is the New Republic. One of the prominent elements of Star Wars is the Force and it is described in the first produced film as an energy field created by all living things surrounds us, penetrates us, binds the galaxy together. While the Force can be used for good, known as the side, it also has a dark side that, when pursued, imbues users with hatred, aggression. The sequel trilogy introduces the Knights of Ren, an order of practitioners of the side of the Force aligned with the First Order. The first film in the series, Star Wars, was released on May 25,1977 and this was followed by two sequels, The Empire Strikes Back, released on May 21,1980, and Return of the Jedi, released on May 25,1983
Original trilogy (Star Wars)
–
A street performer in costume as
Darth Vader in
Amsterdam. Vader is one of the most iconic characters of the Star Wars franchise.
Original trilogy (Star Wars)
–
The Star Wars logo as seen in all films
Original trilogy (Star Wars)
–
George Lucas, the creator of Star Wars
Original trilogy (Star Wars)
–
John Williams, composer of the musical
scores for all six films of the original and prequel trilogies.
17.
James Earl Jones
–
James Earl Jones is an American actor. His career has spanned more than 60 years, and he has described as one of Americas most distinguished and versatile actors. Since his Broadway debut in 1957, Jones has won awards, including a Tony Award. Jones has won three Emmy Awards, including two in the year in 1991, and he also earned an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor in a Leading Role in the film version of The Great White Hope. He is also known for his roles as Darth Vader in the Star Wars film series and Mufasa in Disneys The Lion King as well as many other film, stage. As a child Jones had a stutter, in his episode of Biography, he said he overcame the affliction through poetry, public speaking, and acting, although it lasted for several years. A pre-med major in college, he went on to serve in the United States Army during the Korean War before pursuing a career in acting, on November 12,2011, he received an Honorary Academy Award. On November 9,2015, Jones received the Voice Arts Icon Award, Jones and his father reconciled many years later. His parents were African-American, and Jones has learned they also had Irish, from the age of five, Jones was raised by his maternal grandparents, John Henry and Maggie Connolly, who had moved from Mississippi and had a farm in Jackson, Michigan. Jones has described his grandmother, Maggie, as the most racist person I have ever known and his grandmother was of African-American, Cherokee and Choctaw ancestry. Jones found the transition to his grandparents in Michigan traumatic, when his family moved to Brethren, Michigan, a teacher helped him overcome his stutter. He remained functionally mute for eight years, until he entered high school and he credits his English teacher, Donald Crouch, who discovered he had a gift for writing poetry, with helping him end his silence. Crouch urged him to challenge his reluctance to speak, so my first year of school was my first mute year, and then those mute years continued until I got to high school. He joined the Reserve Officer Training Corps, and excelled and he felt comfortable within the structure of the military environment, and enjoyed the camaraderie of his fellow cadets in the Pershing Rifles Drill Team and Scabbard and Blade Honor Society. During the course of his studies, Jones discovered he was not cut out to be a doctor, after four years of college, Jones graduated from the university in 1955. With the war intensifying in Korea, Jones expected to be deployed as soon as he received his commission as a second lieutenant. As he waited for his orders, he worked as a stage crew hand at the Ramsdell Theatre in Manistee, Michigan. Jones was commissioned in mid-1953 and reported to Fort Benning to attend Infantry Officers Basic Course and he then attended Ranger School and received his Ranger Tab
James Earl Jones
–
Jones in 2013
18.
West Country dialects
–
West Country English refers collectively to the English language varieties and accents used by much of the native population of South West England, the area popularly known as the West Country. However, the northern and eastern boundaries of the area are hard to define, academically the regional variations are considered to be dialectal forms. The Survey of English Dialects captured manners of speech across the South West region that were just as different from Standard English as anything from the far North of England, there is some influence from the Welsh and Cornish languages depending on the specific location. In literary terms, most of the usage has been in either poetry or dialogue and it has rarely been used for serious prose in recent times, but was used much more extensively up to the 19th century. West Country dialects are represented as Mummerset, a kind of catchall southern rural accent invented for broadcasting. In the medieval period Sumer is icumen in is an example of a work in the dialect. The Cornish language descended from the ancient British language that was all over what is now the West Country until the West Saxons conquered and settled most of the area. Cornish began to decline after the Late Middle Ages with English expanding westwards, in King Lear, Edgar speaks in the West Country dialect, as one of his various personae. Considered one of the first true English novels, the novels of Thomas Hardy often use the dialect in dialogue, notably Tess of the DUrbervilles. Some dialogue and song lyrics, especially for the chorus, are an approximation of West Country speech. The Pirates of Penzance and Ruddigore are also set in Cornwall, John Davey a farmer from Zennor, records the native Cornish language Cranken Rhyme. According to Blackmore, he relied on a style for his characters speech, emphasizing their accents. Several Pages of Folk-Speech of Zummerzet in The Somerset Coast by George Harper pp168-171, a Glastonbury Romance by John Cowper Powys ISBN 0-87951-282-2 / ISBN 0-87951-681-X contains dialogue written in imitation of the local Somerset dialect. Laurie Lees, works such as Cider with Rosie, portray a somewhat idealised Gloucestershire childhood in the Five Valleys area, John Fowless Daniel Martin, which features the title characters girlfriends dialect, and which has sometimes been criticised for being too stereotyped. Dennis Potters Blue Remembered Hills is a play about children in the Forest of Dean during the Second World War. The dialogue is written in the style of the Forest dialect, the songs of Adge Cutler were famous for their West Country dialect, sung in a strong Somerset accent. His legacy lives on in the present day Wurzels and other so-called Scrumpy, the folk group The Yetties perform songs composed in the dialect of Dorset. Andy Partridge, lead singer with the group XTC, has a pronounced Wiltshire accent, although more noticeable in his speech, his accent may also be heard in some of his singing
West Country dialects
–
"Dreckly" on souvenir clocks in
Cornwall
West Country dialects
–
SW England official region (approximately co-extensive with areas where "West Country" dialects are spoken)
19.
Return of the Jedi
–
Return of the Jedi is a 1983 American epic space opera film directed by Richard Marquand. The screenplay by Lawrence Kasdan and George Lucas was from a story by Lucas and it was the third and final installment in the original Star Wars trilogy and the first film to use THX technology. The film is set one year after The Empire Strikes Back and was produced by Howard Kazanjian for Lucasfilm Ltd, the film stars Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Billy Dee Williams, Anthony Daniels, David Prowse, Kenny Baker, Peter Mayhew and Frank Oz. The Galactic Empire, under the direction of the ruthless Emperor, is constructing a second Death Star in order to crush the Rebel Alliance once, meanwhile, Luke Skywalker, a Jedi apprentice, struggles to bring his father Darth Vader back to the Light Side of the Force. David Lynch and David Cronenberg were considered to direct the project before Marquand signed on as director, the production team relied on Lucas storyboards during pre-production. While writing the script, Lucas, Kasdan, Marquand. Kazanjians schedule pushed shooting to begin a few weeks early to allow Industrial Light & Magic more time to work on the effects in post-production. Filming took place in England, California, and Arizona from January to May 1982, strict secrecy surrounded the production and the film used the working title Blue Harvest to prevent price gouging. The film was released in theaters on May 25,1983, six years to the day after the release of the first film, the film grossed between $475 million and $572 million worldwide. Alongside its success, the film received four Academy Award nominations, several home video and theatrical releases and revisions to the film followed over the next 20 years. Star Wars continued with Episode I, The Phantom Menace as part of the film prequel trilogy. A sequel, Star Wars, The Force Awakens, was released on December 18,2015, Luke Skywalker initiates a plan to rescue Han Solo from the crime lord Jabba the Hutt with the help of Princess Leia, Lando Calrissian, Chewbacca, C-3PO, and R2-D2. Leia infiltrates Jabbas palace on Tatooine disguised as a bounty hunter with Chewbacca as her prisoner, Lando is already there disguised as a guard. Leia releases Han from his prison, but she is captured and enslaved. Luke arrives soon afterward but after a standoff, he is captured. After Luke survives his battle with Jabbas Rancor, Jabba sentences him, Luke frees himself and battles Jabbas guards. During the chaos, Boba Fett, who has remained at Jabbas palace since delivering Han, attempts to attack Luke, meanwhile, Leia strangles Jabba to death, and Luke destroys Jabbas sail barge as the group escapes. While the others rendezvous with the Rebel Alliance, Luke returns to Dagobah where he finds that Yoda is dying, before he dies, Yoda confirms that Darth Vader, once known as Anakin Skywalker, is Lukes father, and there is another Skywalker
Return of the Jedi
–
Theatrical release poster (art by Kazuhiko Sano)
Return of the Jedi
–
Sebastian Shaw as the unmasked Darth Vader.
Return of the Jedi
–
The heavy forest of
Redwood National Park was used to film the forests of
Endor in Return of the Jedi.
Return of the Jedi
–
The teaser poster titled Revenge of the Jedi by
Drew Struzan
20.
Sebastian Shaw (actor)
–
Sebastian Lewis Shaw was an English actor, director, novelist, playwright and poet. During his 65-year career, he appeared in dozens of performances and more than 40 film. Shaw was born and brought up in Holt, Norfolk, and he studied acting at Greshams School and the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. Although he worked primarily on the London stage, he made his Broadway debut in 1929 and he appeared in his first film, Caste, in 1930 and quickly began to create a name for himself in films. He described himself as an actor as a youth and said his success was primarily due to his good looks. He claimed to mature as a performer only after returning from service in the Royal Air Force during World War II, Shaw was particularly known for his performances in productions of Shakespeare plays which were considered daring and ahead of their time. In 1966, he joined the Royal Shakespeare Company, where he remained for a decade and he also wrote several poems and a novel, The Christening, in 1975. Shaw was one of three born to Dr. Geoffrey Shaw, the music master at Greshams School, a Norfolk independent boarding school. His uncle, Martin Shaw, was a composer of church music, Shaw made his acting debut at age eight on the London stage as one of the juvenile band in The Cockyolly Bird at the Royal Court Theatre in Chelsea on New Years Day of 1914. He earned a scholarship to the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in Bloomsbury, Actor Charles Laughton enrolled in the Academy at the same time as Shaw, who later said his first impression of Laughton was a poor fat boy. Although Shaw and his fellow students initially felt pity for Laughton, Shaw appeared in regional theatres in Bristol, Liverpool and Hull. In 1925, he performed in London as the Archangel in The Sign of the Sun and he was criticised for the audacity he displayed in the latter role. Instead, he displayed inward regrets about leaving Falstaff and accepting the new responsibilities, the interpretation was criticised at the time but, years later, became the standard approach to the character. Shaw made his Broadway debut in 1929, when he played the murderer Wyndham Brandon in Patrick Hamiltons stage thriller, in 1929, he married Margaret Delamere and lived with her in the Albany, an apartment complex off of Piccadilly in London. The two would eventually have a daughter together named Drusilla and he returned to the works of William Shakespeare in 1931, playing Claudio in Measure for Measure at Londons Fortune Playhouse. In 1932 he once again played Romeo at the Embassy Theatre, the first film Shaw appeared in was Caste in 1930. He soon began to make a name for himself in such as Brewsters Millions in 1935, Men Are Not Gods in 1936. He was making about £300 a week during this stage of his career and he brought what the Daily Telegraph described as a smooth villainy to the role of Frank Sutton in The Squeaker in 1937, while in 1939 he played the hero Cmdr
Sebastian Shaw (actor)
–
Shaw in a 1979 episode of
Rumpole of the Bailey
Sebastian Shaw (actor)
–
Shaw in his portrayal as redeemed
Anakin Skywalker, unmasked in
Return of the Jedi
21.
Carrie Fisher
–
Carrie Frances Fisher was an American actress, writer and humorist who first became known for playing Princess Leia in the Star Wars film series. Her other film roles included Shampoo, The Blues Brothers, Hannah and Her Sisters, The Burbs and she worked on other writers screenplays as a script doctor. In later years, she earned praise for speaking publicly about her experiences with bipolar disorder and it premiered at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival. Fisher died of cardiac arrest on December 27,2016, at age 60 and her final film, Star Wars, The Last Jedi, is scheduled to be released on December 15,2017. Carrie Frances Fisher was born on October 21,1956, in Burbank, California, to actors and singers Eddie Fisher, Fishers paternal grandparents were Jewish Russian immigrants, while her mother, who was raised a Nazarene, was of Scots-Irish and English descent. Fisher was two years old when her parents divorced in 1959 and her fathers third marriage, to actress Connie Stevens, resulted in the births of Fishers two half-sisters, Joely Fisher and Tricia Leigh Fisher. In 1960, her mother married Harry Karl, owner of a chain of shoe stores, Reynolds and Karl divorced in 1973, when Fisher was 17 years old. Fisher hid in books as a child, becoming known in her family as the bookworm and she spent her earliest years reading classic literature, and writing poetry. She attended Beverly Hills High School until age 15, when she appeared as a debutante and singer in the hit Broadway revival Irene and her time on Broadway interfered with her education, resulting in Fishers dropping out of high school. In 1973, Fisher enrolled at Londons Central School of Speech and Drama, following her time there, Fisher applied to and was accepted at Sarah Lawrence College, where she planned to study the arts. In 1977, Fisher starred as Princess Leia in George Lucas science-fiction film Star Wars opposite Mark Hamill, at the time, she believed the script for Star Wars was fantastic, but did not expect many people to agree with her. Though her fellow actors were not close at the time, they bonded after the success of the film. In April 1978, Fisher appeared as the love interest in Ringo Starrs 1978 TV special Ringo, the next month, she starred alongside John Ritter in the ABC-TV film Leave Yesterday Behind. At this time, Fisher appeared with Laurence Olivier and Joanne Woodward in the anthology series Laurence Olivier Presents in a version of the William Inge play Come Back. That November, she played Princess Leia in the 1978 TV production Star Wars Holiday Special, Fisher appeared in the film The Blues Brothers as Jakes vengeful ex-lover, she is listed in the credits as Mystery Woman. While in Chicago filming the movie, Fisher choked on a Brussels sprout, Dan Aykroyd performed the Heimlich maneuver and she appeared on Broadway in Censored Scenes from King Kong in 1980. She also starred as Sister Agnes in the Broadway production of Agnes of God in 1982. In 1983, Fisher returned to the role of Princess Leia in Return of the Jedi, the costume later achieved a following of its own
Carrie Fisher
–
Fisher in 2013
Carrie Fisher
–
Fisher with
Wim Wenders in 1978
22.
Princess Leia
–
Princess Leia Organa of Alderaan, later known as General Leia Organa, is a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise, portrayed in films by Carrie Fisher. Introduced in the original Star Wars film in 1977, Leia is princess of the planet Alderaan, a member of the Imperial Senate and she thwarts the sinister Sith Lord Darth Vader and helps bring about the destruction of the Empires cataclysmic superweapon, the Death Star. In The Empire Strikes Back, Leia commands a Rebel base and evades Vader as she falls in love with the smuggler, Han Solo. In Return of the Jedi, Leia leads the operation to rescue Han from the crime lord Jabba the Hutt, and is revealed to be Vaders daughter and the twin sister of Luke Skywalker. The prequel film Revenge of the Sith establishes that the mother is Senator Padmé Amidala of Naboo. Leia is adopted by Senator Bail and Queen Breha Organa of Alderaan, in The Force Awakens, Leia is the founder and General of the Resistance against the First Order and has a son with Han named Ben, who goes by the name Kylo Ren. She becomes the Chief of State of the New Republic and a Jedi Master, One of the more popular Star Wars characters, Leia has been called a 1980s icon, a feminist hero and model for other adventure heroines. She has appeared in many works and merchandising, and has been referenced or parodied in several TV shows. Her cinnamon buns hairstyle from Star Wars and metal bikini from Return of the Jedi have become cultural icons, Leia was created by Star Wars creator George Lucas. In 1999, Lucas explained his early development of Leia, Luke and Obi-Wan Kenobi, The first talked about a princess, the second version involved a father, his son, and his daughter, the daughter was the heroine of the film. Now the daughter has become Luke, Mark Hamills character, There was also the story of two brothers where I transformed one of them into a sister. The older brother was imprisoned, and the sister had to rescue him. In the fourth draft it was established that Leia Organa came instead from Alderaan, Fisher was 19 when she was cast as Princess Leia, with actresses including Amy Irving, Cindy Williams and Jodie Foster also up for the role. Asked about Streep in 2015, Fisher said, Bullshit, but Jodie Foster was up for it. That one I knew the most, the second draft of the Return of the Jedi screenplay contained dialogue in which Obi-Wan tells Luke he has a twin sister. She and their mother were sent to the protection of friends in a distant system, the mother died shortly thereafter, and Lukes sister was adopted by Bens friends, the governor of Alderaan and his wife. Fisher explained in 1983, Leias real father left her mother when she was pregnant, I was adopted and grew up set apart from other people because I was a princess. Composer John Williams created a musical leitmotif for Leia which recurs throughout the Star Wars saga, Princess Leias Theme was recorded as a concert suite for the score of the 1977 film
Princess Leia
–
Promotional photo of Fisher wearing Princess Leia's characteristic hairstyle in Star Wars (1977)
Princess Leia
–
Lady of Elche
Princess Leia
–
Hopi girl, 1922
Princess Leia
–
Princess Leia (played by Carrie Fisher) in her iconic "metal bikini" slave outfit from Return of the Jedi (1983)
23.
Lightsaber
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A lightsaber is a fictional energy sword featured in the Star Wars universe. A typical lightsaber usually consists of a metal hilt that projects a brightly lit energy blade, the lightsaber is the signature weapon of the Jedi Order and their Sith counterparts, both of whom can use them for close combat, or to deflect blaster bolts. Its distinct appearance was created using rotoscoping for the original films, the lightsaber first appeared in the original 1977 film A New Hope and has since appeared in every Star Wars movie. In 2008, a survey of approximately 2,000 film fans found it to be the most popular weapon in film history, in its most prominent showing, the lightsabers energy blade can cut, burn, and melt through most substances with little resistance. It leaves cauterized wounds in flesh, but can be deflected by another lightsaber blade, the blade has even been used as a tool to weld metal substances. Other times, the lightsaber has been shown to cause bleeding wounds in the flesh, some exotic saber-proof materials have been introduced in the Expanded Universe. An active lightsaber gives off a distinctive hum, which rises in pitch, bringing the blade into contact with another lightsabers blade produces a loud crackle. There are several precedents in science fiction for a sword of pure energy that can cut through anything, notably, Edmond Hamiltons story Kaldar. It was reprinted in one of Donald A, isaac Asimovs Lucky Starr series, The force-blade is a short shaft of stainless steel which can project a force field that can cut through anything, making it the most vicious weapon in the galaxy. Asimovs force-blade expands on his invention of a penknife with a force-field blade. Gordon R. Larry Nivens Ringworld, Louis Wu uses his flashlight laser as a sword of indefinite length, M. John Harrisons The Pastel City, the energy baan are used by the Methven, an order of knights sworn to protect their empire. For the original Star Wars film, the film prop hilts were constructed by John Stears from old press camera flash battery packs, the full sized sword props were designed to appear ignited onscreen, by later creating an in-camera glowing effect in post-production. The blade is a rod which was coated with a Scotchlite retroreflector array. A lamp was positioned to the side of the taking camera, set Decorator Roger Christian found the handles for the Graflex Flash Gun in a photography shop in Great Marlborough Street, in Londons West End. He then added cabinet T-track to the handles, securely attaching them with cyanoacrylate glue, adding a few greebles, Christian managed to hand-make the first prototype of a lightsaber prop for Luke before production began. George Lucas decided he wanted to add a clip to the handle, due to lack of preparation time, Christians prototype and a second spare were used for the shooting in Tunisia, where Star Wars filming began. It was discovered, however, that the effect was greatly dependent on the rods orientation to the camera. Because of this, the glow would be added in post-production through rotoscoping, korean animator Nelson Shin, who was working for an American company at the time, was asked by his manager if he could animate the lightsaber in the live action scenes of a film
Lightsaber
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Lightsaber
24.
Mark Hamill
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Mark Richard Hamill is an American actor, voice actor, producer and writer. He is known for playing Luke Skywalker in the Star Wars film series and his other works include Corvette Summer and The Big Red One, among other television shows and movies. Hamill has also appeared on stage in several productions, primarily during the 1980s. He currently recurs in the The CW television series The Flash as James Jesse / Trickster, Hamill is a prolific voice actor who has voiced characters in many animated television shows, movies, and video games since the 1970s. He is known for his role as DC Comics the Joker, commencing with Batman. Hamill was born in Oakland, California, to Virginia Suzanne and he is one of seven children, having two brothers, Will and Patrick, and four sisters, Terry, Jan, Jeanie, and Kim. His father has English, Scottish, Irish, and Welsh ancestry and his mother was of half Swedish and his fathers changes of station and attendant family moves led to the Hamill children changing schools often. In his elementary years, he went to Walsingham Academy and Poe Middle School, at age 11, he moved to the 5900 block of Castleton Drive in San Diego, California, where he attended Hale Junior High School. During his first year at James Madison High School, his family moved to Virginia, by his junior year, his father was stationed in Japan, where Hamill attended and was a member of the Drama Club at Nile C. Kinnick High School, from which he graduated in 1969 and he later enrolled at Los Angeles City College, majoring in drama. Hamill was raised as a Roman Catholic, and described his father as a Nixon Republican, Hamills early career included a recurring role on the soap opera General Hospital, and a starring role on the short-lived sitcom The Texas Wheelers. He portrayed the oldest son, David, in the episode of Eight Is Enough, though the role was later performed by Grant Goodeve. He also had guest appearances on The Bill Cosby Show, The Partridge Family, Room 222 and he appeared in multiple television films such as The City, and Sarah T. - Portrait of a Teenage Alcoholic, Robert Englund was auditioning for a role in Apocalypse Now when he walked across the hall where auditions were taking place for George Lucass Star Wars. After watching the auditions for a while, he realized that Hamill, his friend and he suggested to Hamill that he audition for the role, Hamill did and won the role. Released in May 1977, Star Wars was an unexpected success and had a huge effect on the film industry. Hamill also appeared in the Star Wars Holiday Special in 1978 and later starred in the successful sequels The Empire Strikes Back, during the time between the first two films, Hamill was involved in a serious automobile accident, fracturing his nose and left cheekbone. The injuries required surgery on his face which made him look different during the filming of The Empire Strikes Back
Mark Hamill
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Hamill at the 2015
San Diego Comic-Con International
Mark Hamill
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Hamill in
Amsterdam in 1980
Mark Hamill
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Hamill in 2011
Mark Hamill
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Hamill at a signing for The Black Pearl at Jim Hanley's Universe in
Manhattan, October 1996
25.
Bob Anderson (fencer)
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He also appeared as a stunt double for Darth Vaders lightsaber battles in The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi. Anderson was educated at The Royal Hospital School, in Raleigh House and it was here that he began to fence. Anderson joined the Royal Marines and won several combined services titles in the sport of fencing and he served in the Mediterranean during the Second World War. As a competitive fencer, he represented Great Britain at the Helsinki 1952 Summer Olympic Games, and he finished tied for fifth in the team sabre event at Helsinki in 1952. He succeeded Prof. Crosnier as President of the British Academy of Fencing, during the late 1950s to the 1970s he travelled around Britain, and between fencing courses he combined his official duties with television and film work. Eventually emigrating to Canada, he went on to technical director of the Canadian Fencing Association in Ottawa. During the 1960s and 1970s he was also the president of the British Academy of Fencing, Andersons cinema career began in 1953 when he choreographed fights for and coached Errol Flynn in The Master of Ballantrae. During rehearsal for a scene he accidentally slashed Flynn on his thigh and he went on to work as a stunt performer and/or fight choreographer in films such as The Guns of Navarone and the Bond films From Russia With Love and Casino Royale. His stature in Hollywood was cemented when he was selected by Stanley Kubrick in 1974 to act as the master for Barry Lyndon. Anderson subsequently went on to be involved in all three of the original Star Wars films, Anderson did not receive much recognition for his work for years after their initial release. Mark Hamill in 1983 revealed, Bob Anderson was the man who actually did Vaders fighting and it was always supposed to be a secret, but I finally told George I didnt think it was fair any more. Bob worked so hard that he deserves some recognition. Its ridiculous to preserve the myth that its all done by one man, Anderson in 1994 specified that for The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi he staged the lightsaber duels and also wore the Vader costume in fight scenes. Shortly before his death he was working on The Hobbit and he had a reputation for being a perfectionist, with director Martin Campbell giving him the nickname Grumpy Bob. Anderson was interviewed at length for the 2009 documentary on cinematic sword-fighting, Reclaiming the Blade, Anderson died on New Years Day,2012 in a West Sussex hospital at the age of 89. After his death his widow, Pearl, and daughter, Simone, visited the Royal Hospital School and donated Andersons swords, medals, in The complete Book of the Olympics,1896 -1980. Bob Anderson at the Internet Movie Database
Bob Anderson (fencer)
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Bob Anderson
26.
Star Wars: The Interactive Video Board Game
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Star Wars, The Interactive Video Board Game, Assault on the Death Star is a board game and accompanying VHS video tape, released by Parker Brothers in 1996. The game led to the canonization of four new characters in the Star Wars universe, shortly thereafter, he learns of a major Rebel supply base on the planet Drinba IV and diverts its course to the planet, intending to use the battlestations superlaser to destroy it. Intercepting this information, the Alliance assembles a team of Force-sensitive individuals to sneak onboard, however, Vader soon learns of their presence and has the station put on alert. The game is intended for three to six players, is based on cards and die, and requires the assembly of a few three-dimensional pieces. The movie plays continuously for one hour, during which the players utilize the board game, at various points during the video, Vader appears as an implicit warning to the players of what he is about to do. In the video, he wants to divert Death Star II to attempt to destroy another planet, the live-action video on the VHS tape was filmed in 1996 on an original Star Wars set, twenty years after the original film. For the new scenes, Hasbro cast the roles of David Prowse as Vaders body actor. Some of the crew from A New Hope returned to shoot the scenes, chris Bishop of Echo Station reviewed the game positively. He noted the production value of the cinematic and game components, though at first glance finding the game to look intimidatingly complicated. He noted that the story sacrificed some continuity with the movies and he found that James Earl Joness performance yielded an oddly softly spoken Darth Vader character. The game led to the canonization of four new characters in the Star Wars universe and this games storyline was referenced in The Dark Forces Saga, a series of online adventure scenarios for the Star Wars RPG line published on the website of Wizards of the Coast. Written by Abel G. Peña, this series four of the VCR games player characters as Kyle Katarn, Shira Brie, Corwin Shelvay. Star Wars Cinematographer, An Interview with Gil Taylor, New York, Random House and LucasBooks
Star Wars: The Interactive Video Board Game
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Cover graphics of the board game
27.
Vanity Fair (magazine)
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Vanity Fair is a magazine of popular culture, fashion, and current affairs published by Condé Nast in the United States. The first version of Vanity Fair was published from 1913 to 1936, the imprint was revived in 1983, and came to include four European editions of the magazine. The current editor is Graydon Carter, Condé Montrose Nast began his empire by purchasing the mens fashion magazine Dress in 1913. He renamed the magazine Dress and Vanity Fair and published four issues in 1913 and it continued to thrive into the twenties. However, it became a casualty of the Great Depression and declining advertising revenues, although its circulation, Condé Nast announced in December 1935 that Vanity Fair would be folded into Vogue as of the March 1936 issue. Condé Nast Publications, under the ownership of S. I. Newhouse, the first issue was released in February 1983, edited by Richard Locke, formerly of The New York Times Book Review. After three issues, Locke was replaced by Leo Lerman, veteran features editor of Vogue and he was followed by editors Tina Brown and Graydon Carter. Regular writers columnists have included Dominick Dunne, Sebastian Junger, Michael Wolff, Maureen Orth and Christopher Hitchens. Amongst the most famous of these was the August 1991 Leibovitz cover featuring a naked, pregnant Demi Moore, in addition to its controversial photography, the magazine also prints articles on a variety of topics. In 1996, journalist Marie Brenner wrote an exposé on the tobacco industry titled The Man Who Knew Too Much, the article was later adapted into a movie The Insider, which starred Al Pacino and Russell Crowe. S. The magazine also features interviews with celebrities, including a monthly Proust Questionnaire. The magazine was the subject of Toby Youngs book, How to Lose Friends and Alienate People, about his search for success, from 1995, the book has been made into a movie, with Jeff Bridges playing Carter. There are currently five international editions of Vanity Fair being published, namely in the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Italy, the British Vanity Fair was first published in 1991. The Italian Vanity Fair was established in October 2003 and celebrated its 10th anniversary in 2013, Vanity Fair Germany launched in February 2007 at a cost of €50 million, then the most expensive new magazine in Germany in years and Condé Nasts biggest investment outside the United States. After circulation had plummeted from half a million to less than 200,000 per week, a French version started in June 2013. The Spanish version of the magazine was first published in Spain in 2008, in April 2015 Condé Nast México y Latinoamerica was to launch Vanity Fair Mexico. As a successor to a similar invitation-only event annually held by the late agent Irving Paul Lazar, during its first years, the magazines Oscar party was co-hosted by producer Steve Tisch at Mortons in West Hollywood. At first, editor Graydon Carter kept the invitation list small, between 2009 and 2013, the party was held at Sunset Tower
Vanity Fair (magazine)
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Cover of the February 2012 issue of Vanity Fair
28.
The Moore Show
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The Moore Show is a British television talk show presented by Kevin Moore and produced by Joanna Soh. The show began filming in April 2011 under the name of The Moore Show - Prime Time, covering a range of topics including the paranormal, self-help and celebrity chat with many of the shows interviews focusing on spiritual subject matters. Notable names which have been on the show include British Astronomer Patrick Moore, Coronation Street actor William Roache, Star Wars actor David Prowse and psychic medium, Colin Fry. Before airing the show gained notoriety in the press for being totally manned by students of The University of Glamorgan where the show is filmed at the universitys Atrium campus, in October 2011 Rohani Productions Ltd started work on a second show. The Moore show re-branded itself in May 2013 as a Radio onTV show under the new name The Moore Show – Alternative Late Night Talk. The Moore Show started as a late night talk show on The University of Glamorgans Atrium Campus Atrium student radio station Tequila Radio in October 2008. The radio show expanded to over thirteen FM stations across the UK as a pre-recorded show, the Radio Show plans to go live across multiple FM stations in mid-2013
The Moore Show
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The Moore Show Prime Time
29.
Star Wars Celebration
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Star Wars Celebration is a fan gathering to celebrate the Star Wars franchise. It began in 1999, when Lucasfilm held the Star Wars Celebration in Denver, Colorado to celebrate the release of Star Wars. Subsequent events have taken place to welcome Attack of the Clones and Revenge of the Sith, the eighth such event, the sixth to be held in the United States, took place in August 2012 in Orlando, Florida. The Star Wars Celebration was held from April 30-May 2,1999, at the Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum in Denver, Colorado, just three weeks before the release of The Phantom Menace. An event for the fans, by the fans, Star Wars Celebration took place in the hometown of the Official Star Wars Fan Club, headed by Dan Madsen. The Fan Club is based here in Denver, says Madsen, from May 3–5,2002, Star Wars Celebration II was held to celebrate the upcoming release of Attack of the Clones. The convention was moved to Indianapolis, Indiana, to use of the larger Indiana Convention Center. Downtown Indianapolis was invaded by multitudes of Star Wars fans, the initial projection of 15-20,000 people per day based on advance ticket sales was well surpassed, and reached critical mass on Saturday. The estimated final tally was a little over 75,000 people for the three-day event, the two places that received the most traffic were the Fan Club store and the autograph section, specifically for Carrie Fisher. Highlights of the event included the Rick McCallum Spectacular and Saturday nights Star Wars 25th Anniversary Concert, the Star Wars Celebration returned to Indianapolis from April 21–24,2005, to commemorate the release of the final film in the saga, Revenge of the Sith. With over 34,000 fans in attendance over the course of four days, Celebration III brought actor panels, costume contests, fan films, the Lucasfilm archive provided many important props and costumes for display. With approximately 10,000 fans in attendance, Lucas personally answered several dozen fans questions about the saga. On May 26,2006, StarWars. com announced Star Wars Celebration IV to be held May 24–28,2007 to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the first Star Wars film, c4 was located at the Los Angeles Convention Center in Los Angeles. In addition, there were collector and costuming panels, including sneak peeks of the upcoming Clone Wars animated series, fans were the first to see the footage of this series on Sunday morning as well. An estimated 35,000 people walked through the doors for Celebration IV over the Memorial Day weekend, after the event, Lucasfilm sued the hosting entity, GenCon, for a variety of reasons, forcing GenCon into Chapter 11 bankruptcy. On September 25,2006 StarWars. com announced Star Wars Celebration Europe to be held July 13–15,2007 to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the first Star Wars film, CE was to be located at Earls Court in London. But on November 22,2006 StarWars. com announced due to Advance interest in Celebration Europe the event would be moved to the larger venue located at the ExCeL Exhibition Centre in London. The event also had on some of the largest restored Star Wars Arcade collection, estimated at around 30 to 40 machines
Star Wars Celebration
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Members of the
501st Stormtrooper Legion march at C3
Star Wars Celebration
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Star Wars Celebration main entrance
30.
ExCeL Exhibition Centre
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ExCeL is an exhibitions and international convention centre in the London Borough of Newham. It is located on a 100-acre site on the quay of the Royal Victoria Dock in London Docklands. The centre was built by Sir Robert McAlpine and first opened in November 2000, in May 2008, it was acquired by Abu Dhabi National Exhibitions Company. Phase II of development, which included building Londons first International Convention Centre, the Royal Victoria Dock closed to commercial traffic in 1981, but it is still accessible to shipping. The centres waterfront location allows visiting vessels to moor alongside the centre, there are also three sets of function rooms, one overlooking the water, another above the western end of the central boulevard, and the third on the north side of the building. These are used for meetings, seminars, presentations. There are six hotels, more than 30 bars and restaurants, ExCeL London has hosted numerous consumer and trade, private and public events including exhibitions, conferences, concerts, weddings and religious events since its opening in 2000. In 2011, ExCeL London was awarded the Business Superbrand 2011, the site welcomed its 20 millionth visitor on June 18,2014. ExCeL has also been awarded Venue Of The Year on several occasions at various industry ceremonies, in 2014, ExCeL hosted the Global Summit to End Sexual Violence in Conflict, chaired by American actress and UN Special Envoy Angelina Jolie and attended by 79 Ministers from 123 country delegations. ExCeL London is served by two Docklands Light Railway stations, which span the full 600 metre length of the venue. The western entrance is directly linked to Custom House for ExCeL station and serves the Platinum Suite, the eastern entrance is connected to Prince Regent station. The eastern entrance serves the International Convention Centre, which was opened in 2010 by then-Mayor Boris Johnson and is the Londons first, ExCeL London is located near London City Airport station. The DLR and a number of roads connect the centre to the airport. Since June 2012, the Emirates Air Line cable car now links ExCeL to The O2 on the Greenwich Peninsula, as part of this scheme, ExCeL produces an annual communication on progress addressing the issues of Human Rights, Labour, Environment and Anti-Corruption. ExCeL publishes details of its social responsibility efforts publicly in the UN Global Compact report. Currently ExCeL invests in the community of Newham by supporting select charities, chiefly Newham All Star Sports Academy. ExCeL also provides free of charge to local schools and sports teams. A boxing match on 22 April 2008 between Amir Khan and Gairy St. Clair for the World Boxing Organization intercontinental lightweight title, the Triathlon celebrated its 20th year at ExCeL London in summer 2016
ExCeL Exhibition Centre
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ExCeL Exhibition Centre west entrance
ExCeL Exhibition Centre
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Aerial view of ExCeL and
London Docklands.
ExCeL Exhibition Centre
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ExCeL London hosting
table tennis events at the 2012 Summer Olympics.
ExCeL Exhibition Centre
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ExCeL waterfront south side.
