Huancavelica is a department and region in Peru with an area of 22,131.47 km2 (8,545.01 sq mi) and a population of 347,639. The capital is the city Huancavelica. The region is bordered by the departments of Lima and Ica in the west, Junín in the north, and Ayacucho in the east.

The 2017 Peru Census was a detailed enumeration and twelfth national population census of Peru. It was conducted by the Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática on Sunday, October 22, 2017. Its full name in Spanish is XII Censo de Población, VII de Vivienda y III de Comunidades Indígenas. The previous census performed in Peru was the 2007 Census.