Don Carlos is a five-act grand opera composed by Giuseppe Verdi to a French-language libretto by Joseph Méry and Camille du Locle, based on the dramatic play Don Carlos, Infant von Spanien by Friedrich Schiller. In addition, it has been noted by David Kimball that the Fontainebleau scene and auto-da-fé were the most substantial of several incidents borrowed from a contemporary play on Philip II by Eugène Cormon"; the opera is most performed in Italian translation under the title Don Carlo. The opera's story is based on conflicts in the life of Prince of Asturias. Though he was betrothed to Elisabeth of Valois, part of the peace treaty ending the Italian War of 1551–59 between the Houses of Habsburg and Valois demanded that she be married instead to his father Philip II of Spain, it was commissioned and produced by the Théâtre Impérial de l'Opéra and given its premiere at the Salle Le Peletier on 11 March 1867. The first performance in Italian was given at Covent Garden in London in June 1867.

The first Italian version given in Italy was in Bologna in October 1867. Revised again by Verdi, it was given in Naples in November/December 1872. Two other versions were prepared: the first was seen in Milan in January 1884; that is now known as the "Milan version", while the second—also sanctioned by the composer—became the "Modena version" and was presented in that city in December 1886. It restored the "Fontainebleau" first act to the Milan four-act version. Over the following twenty years and additions were made to the opera, resulting in a number of versions being available to directors and conductors. No other Verdi opera exists in so many versions. At its full length, it is Verdi's longest opera. Pre-première cuts and first published edition Verdi made a number of cuts in 1866, after finishing the opera but before composing the ballet because the work was becoming too long; these were a duet for Elisabeth and Eboli in Act 4, Scene 1. After the ballet had been composed, it emerged during the 1867 rehearsal period that, without further cuts, the opera would not finish before midnight.

Verdi authorised some further cuts, which were, the introduction to Act 1. The opera, as first published at the time of the première, consisted of Verdi's original conception, without all of the above-named cuts, but including the ballet. After the première and before leaving Paris, Verdi authorised the Opéra authorities to end Act 4, Scene 2 with the death of Posa if they thought fit. After his departure, further cuts were made during the remaining performances. Despite a grandiose production designed by scenic artists Charles-Antoine Cambon and Joseph Thierry, Édouard Desplechin and Jean-Baptiste Lavastre, Auguste Alfred Rubé and Philippe Chaperon, it appears to have been a "problem opera" for the Opéra—it disappeared from its repertoire after 1869, it was common practice at the time for most theatres to perform operas in Italian, an Italian translation of Don Carlos was prepared in the autumn of 1866 by Achille de Lauzières. On 18 November 1866 Verdi wrote to Giovanni Ricordi, offering the Milan publisher the Italian rights, but insisting that the opera: must be performed in its entirety as it will be performed for the first time at the Paris Opéra.

Don Carlos is an opera in five acts with ballet: if the management of Italian theatres would like to pair it with a different ballet, this must be placed either before or after the uncut opera, never in the middle, following the barbarous custom of our day. However, the Italian translation was first performed not in Italy but in London at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden on 4 June 1867, where it was produced and conducted by Michael Costa. However, it was not as Verdi desired. Additionally, the duet between Philip and the Inquisitor was shortened by four lines, Elisabeth's aria in Act 5 consisted only of part of the middle section and the reprise; the production was considered a success, Verdi sent a congratulatory note to Costa. When he learned of the alterations, Verdi was irritated, but Costa's version anticipated revisions Verdi himself would make a few years in 1882–83; the Italian premiere on 27 October 1867 at the Teatro Comunale di Bologna, conducted by Verdi's close friend Angelo Mariani, was an "instant success", this version, although produced in Verdi's absence, was more complete and included the ballet.

For the Rome premiere on 9 February 1868 at the Teatro Apollo unsurprisingly, the Papal censor changed the Inquisitor into a Gran Cancelliere and the Monk/Emperor into a Solitario. This version of the opera was first perform

Daniele Toshiko Suzuki Novaes is a Brazilian actress and television host. Born in Rio de Janeiro, Daniele Toshiko Suzuki Novaes is the daughter of Hiroshi Suzuki, a second generation Japanese Brazilian from São Paulo, whose parents immigrated from Shizuoka, her mother is Ivone Suzuki, a Brazilian from Minas Gerais, of German and Native Brazilian descent. Her father moved back to São Paulo. Suzuki was faced financial difficulties. Suzuki said about this period that she "didn't go angry because she always had supporting friends". Since she rarely sees her father; when she was 15, Suzuki started her career as a model, despite finding that her Asian appearance somewhat limited her chances. She graduated in Industrial Design in Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, she started acting, gaining fame as the Brazilian teenager Miyuki in the telenovela Malhação. Nowadays, Suzuki works as a host in Pé no Chão show, on the Brazilian Multishow channel. 2012 – Cheias de Charme – Herself 2009 – Viver a Vida – Ellen 2008 – Ciranda de Pedra – Alice / Amélia 2006 – Pé na Jaca – Rosa Tanaka 2005 – Bang Bang – Yoko Bell 2004 – Malhação – Miyuki Shimahara 2003 – Malhação – Miyuki Shimahara 2003 – Sandy & Junior – Yoko 2000 – Uga-Uga – SarahSpecial2010 – Diversão & Cia – Keila 2007 – Conexão Xuxa – Herself 2006 – Os Caras de Pau – Herself 2006 – Dança no Gelo – HostThe Voice Brasil Pé no Chão Tribos Mandou Bem Demorô Destino Verão 2008 – O Guerreiro Didi e a Ninja Lili....

Yolanda 2000 – Sabor da Paixão Danni Suzuki on IMDb Danni Suzuki on Instagram

Abu'l-Hasan Khan Ghaffari Kashani known as Sani ol Molk was an Iranian painter and lacquer artist and book illustrator. In 1829 he became a pupil of Mihr ` the best of Fath-Ali Shah Qajar's court painters, his 1842 portrait of Mohammad Shah Qajar secured him a position at the court. He spent the years between 1850 in Italy, studying the works of Italian masters. Upon his return to Persia, he was appointed naqqāšbāšī of the court and became involved with the newly established Dar ul-Funun, the first modern institution of higher learning in Iran. In 1853, he supervised a team of 34 painters in creating 1,134 pages of miniature illustrations for a Persian edition of One Thousand and One Nights, now housed at the Golestan Palace library. In his last years he assumed more administrative responsibilities, editing government periodicals and supervising printing establishments in the country. In 1861, he received the title Sani ol Molk, by which he is known, he was the uncle of a court painter during the reign of Nasser ad-Din Shah.

Miniature illustrations of a Persian version of One Thousand and One Nights, created by Sani ol Molk and other artists under his supervision. 1853, Golestan Palace library. Media related to Category:Abul Hasan Ghaffari at Wikimedia Commons

Damarukam is a 2012 Indian Telugu-language action fantasy film produced by R. R. Venkat on R. R. Movie Makers banner and written and directed by Srinivasa Reddy, cinematography by Chota K. Naidu. Starring Akkineni Nagarjuna, Anushka Shetty play the lead roles and music composed by Devi Sri Prasad; the film recorded as Average at the box office. The film was released on 2012. Naidu won Filmfare Award for Best Cinematographer - South; the film was dubbed into Hindi as Shiva-The Superhero 2. The protagonist of the movie is born with a divine grace of Lord Shiva and the boy's parents are advised to name him as Mallikarjuna as he is destined to accomplish a great work. During his childhood, Mallikarjuna faces a great tragedy as his parents and grandparents are killed by a huge feline creature when they are returning from Kashi; this incident hence renders her lame. Malli develops strong hatred towards Lord Shiva. Meanwhile, the scene shifts to the focus of a demon named Andhakasura. We see him performing a severe penance to obtain the boon of Lord Shiva.

Lord Shiva blesses the demon that he will not interfere in the latter's attempt to sacrifice a virgin girl in order to obtain complete rulership over the three worlds. The demon is advised by his aged friend Maayi that the sacrifice must be made in a month having two solar eclipses, in such a way that he has to marry the girl and sacrifice her before the solar eclipse ends; this will render a master over all the five elements. The story shifts to Malli, now an adult whose motive is to help people and take care of his bedridden sister, he falls in love with Dr. Maheshwari on a visit to the hospital. There are many scenes where the atheist Malli forces the people of his colony who include Rudraksha, Ringu Raja and others, not to worship, on account of his childhood tragedy. On one occasion, Malli questions Lord Shiva for his condition and drives away in his car, only to meet with an accident. Lord Shiva saves him. Lord Shiva befriends Malli and goes to his home; the demon chooses Dr. Maheshwari as his target for the sacrifice and prevents the Kaapaalikas from having access to Mahi, on the first solar eclipse day.

Malli rescues Mahi from the Kaapaalikas and Mahi's parents entrust Malli to take care of Mahi. Mahi's parents decide to get Mahi married to a relative, to arrive from the US; this advice is given by saint known to Mahi's family. On his arrival to the airport, Andhakaasura takes his form; the demon, now in Rahul's form, kills three dogs who guard Mahi. The demon paralyzes Mahi's father, when he comes to know the truth about him, he tries to kill Malli and Mahi, on their way to a temple, but Lord Shiva intervenes by sending his divine vehicle, Nandi who saves Malli. This infuriates the demon, he challenges the Lord. The demon decides to oppose Lord Shiva, so he kills the saint known to Mahi's family, impersonates him and convinces Malli and others that Saambayya is not a good person by faking his death at the hands to Saambayya; this makes Malli angry on Saambayya and he returns the ring of friendship given to him by Saambayya. Malli convinces Mahi's family that Rahul is Andhakaasura; the demon carries Mahi to the spot of sacrifice and prepares for the ritual.

Meanwhile, Malli is advised by the Kaapalika chief to worship Lord Shiva, he tells Malli about his purpose of birth to destroy the demon and the means to do it, as he was the reason of the tragedy in Malli's childhood and Lord Shiva saved him as Saambayya. Malli confronts the demon, is defeated, but he heads skyward to get a blessing from Lord Shiva and destroys Andhakaasura by piercing the Trident given by Lord Shiva; the film sees Anushka Shetty playing the leads. Ganesh Venkatraman, Prakash Raj, Pradeep Rawat, Krishna Bhagavaan, Ahuti Prasad, Venu Madhav, Raghu Babu, M. S. Narayana and Jeeva are in the cast. Editing is by Gautham Raju, art is by Ashok, cinematography is by Chota K. Naidu and music is by Devi Sri Prasad. Times of Ap reported that Lakshmi Rai was set to shake legs with Nagarjuna for the introduction song in this movie; the makers have decided to set Charmy in the place of Lakshmi Rai for the introduction song in this movie. Nagarjuna had shown his six-pack abs for the first time in the movie.

The shooting of the film began on 25 April 2011. The first schedule of the film was in Switzerland, where Nagarjuna would romance Anushka Shetty to the choreography of Raju Sundaram. On 29 September 2012, The theatrical trailer of this socio-fantasy film has released with the movie Rebel, which graced the theatres that day. According to the producer Dr Venkat, the trailer has received a huge response from the film goers; this movie is the first Telugu film with over 70 minutes of special effects. It is learnt that the movie is loaded with some of most breathtaking visual effects for an Indian movie and is going to set a new benchmark as far as VFx standards go in India. A team of visual effects experts at Firefly Creative Studio have been working on the movie for over a year now. Firefly, the company which worked on special effects for films like Anji, Magadheera & Anaganaga O Dheerudu. Vyshnavi Films purchased the overseas theatrical rights. After

Daniel Brook is an American urbanist, historian and author. His articles have appeared in Harper's, The Nation, The New York Times Magazine, Slate. Published in 2007, The Trap: Selling Out to Stay Afloat in Winner-Take-All America, argues that increasing income gap puts pressure on educated young Americans to choose between following their interests and dreams or working for a large salary. According to one review, "although once-idealistic college graduates have taken private sector gigs for decades, Brook shows in his new book...that it has now become a financial necessity." Published in 2013, the book A History of Future Cities sets out to show that an understanding of the historic development of "instant cities" like St. Petersburg and Shanghai, equips us to understand ongoing developments in modern cities like Dubai. For example, "ll of the questions St. Petersburg raises are still with us: Which way should a city face: outward to the globe, or inward to the nation? What is global and what is local?

Is cosmopolitanism a threat to native ways and self-sufficiency or a necessary condition of progress? What does modernity look like, separate from its Western conception?"According to the author, "We need to understand because they’re the places that matter today. I describe them as'dress rehearsals for the 21st century.' People used to be fascinated with them. Now, we need to be fascinated with them because the project for which they stand — urbanization/modernization of less developed regions — is the project of our time."A History of Future Cities was a Publishers Weekly Best New Book of the Week and one of the Washington Post"s ten "Favorite Books of 2013." Brook, Daniel. The trap: selling out to stay afloat in winner-take-all America. New York: Times Books. —. A history of future cities. New York: W. W. Norton. —. The Accident of Color: A Story of Race in Reconstruction. New York: W. W. Norton. Brook, Daniel. "New Hampshire Goddam: the past and future of the Voting Rights Act". Annotation. Harper's Magazine.

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Philip Argall Turner Bate was a musicologist and collector of musical instruments. Bate was born in Glasgow on 26 March 1909, his father, Percy Herbert Bate, was secretary to the Glasgow Museum of Arts. His mother, Mary Turner, was a keen musician who played piano and violin and sang in Charles Sanford Terry's Bach Choir in Aberdeen, his father did not like music in the house, but allowed him to sing nursery rhymes accompanied by his mother at the piano. His father became curator of Aberdeen's Municipal Art Gallery and Museum and died when Philip was four. During his attendance at Aberdeen Grammar School Bate heard a schools concert given by the Scottish Orchestra and was inspired to learn to play the clarinet, he won a Carnegie award to study at the University of Aberdeen, where he took an honours degree in pure science in 1932. Bate had intended to continue his studies as a postgraduate in geology but having been a member of the university's dramatic societies and with the new drama department of the Aberdeen station of the BBC choosing him for amateur cast broadcasts, not least for his English accent, he applied for and was appointed to a post with the corporation in London.

Bate spent the majority of his career working for the BBC's music department — starting as a balance control assistant between 1934 and 1937 and as studio manager from 1937 to 1939. On 21 July 1936, Bate married Sheila Glassford Begg, from whom he was divorced. During the Second World War, Bate worked in military censorship, was recalled by the BBC to produce the recording of James Blades playing the drumbeat used as the symbol of the BBC European Service's resistance broadcasts. Following the war Bate continued to work in television, as a producer for the Empire Music Service between 1946 and 1956. Bate was involved in producing the early live broadcasts of the Edinburgh Festival and pioneered many live interview programmes, such as The Conductor Speaks, with Sir Henry Wood, Sir Malcolm Sargent, Sir Thomas Beecham, Leopold Stokowski. Bate realised the potential of ballet on television and produced Dame Margot Fonteyn's first television appearance, encouraging groups like the Paris Opéra Ballet to visit Britain for the first time.

Between 1956 and 1967 he undertook senior training positions for the BBC, spending his last working year as the first head of training at the new communications centre in Dublin. On 23 May 1959 Bate married Yvonne Mary Leigh-Pollitt. Beginning from the time he was at school, Bate had been interested by musical instruments, which he began to collect and study, he would visit junk shops and markets to seek out items: one clarinet from a market stall cost him a week's pocket money — his first flute, by William Henry Potter, was given to him by friends, the next he inherited from his flautist grandfather. Whilst in London he would frequent the Caledonian Road and Bermondsey markets, making friendships with those who shared his interests, such as Canon Francis Galpin, who encouraged Bate to turn his scientific education to the study of musical instruments. Bate used his carpentry skills to make and restore instruments in his collection and after learning metalworking techniques, made reproductions of draw-trumpets used by David Munrow's Early Music Consort of London.

In 1946 Bate and a group of friends founded the Galpin Society, the first group to specialize in the history and study of musical instruments. He was its first chairman and from 1977 was its president; as well as writing articles for the Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Bate wrote the books The Oboe, The Trumpet and Trombone, The Flute: a Study of its History and Construction. By the time he was 60, his collection of musical instruments covered the history of woodwind from 1680 onwards and included brass instruments and a collection of printed instrument tutors. Convinced that the collection was of value to those concerned with the interpretation of music, that the instruments should be used and properly maintained, he gave the Bate Collection of Musical Instruments to the University of Oxford in 1968, on the condition that it was used for teaching and was provided with a specialist curator to care for and lecture on it. Bate continued to add to the collection, it grew through the acquisition of collections made by many of his friends and colleagues in the Galpin Society.

Bate was made an honorary Master of Arts by Oxford University in 1973. Philip Bate died on 3 November 1999, in the Whittington Hospital and was cremated, his ashes were interred in the music faculty garden next to the Bate Collection in Oxford. The clarinet: some notes upon its history and construction by F. Geoffrey Rendall and Philip Bate. London: E. Benn, 1971. ISBN 0-510-36701-1 The flute: a study of its history and construction by Philip Bate. London: E. Benn, c1979. ISBN 0-393-01292-1 ISBN 0510363504 ISBN 0-510-36351-2 The oboe: an outline of its history and construction by Philip Bate. London: E. Benn 1975. ISBN 0-510-36250-8 The trumpet and trombone: an outline of their history and construction by Philip Bate. London: E. Benn, 1972 and 1978. ISBN 0-510-36411-X ISBN 0510364136 ISBN 0-393-02129-7 ISBN 0510364128 Hélène La Rue,'Bate, Philip Argall Turner', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004