Duchy of Ferrara
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The Duchy of Ferrara was a state in what is now northern Italy. It consisted of about 1,100 km2 south of the lower Po River, stretching to the valley of the lower Reno River, including the city of Ferrara. The territory that was part of the Duchy was ruled by the House of Este from 1146 to 1597.
Ferrara, walled and moated, ca 1600.
Portrait of a Woman by Bartolomeo Veneto, traditionally assumed to be Lucrezia Borgia
Torquato Tasso in the St. Ann's hospital of Ferrara, by Eugène Delacroix
Altarpiece, by the artist Michele di Luca dei Coltellini, was once in the now ruined church of Sant'Andrea in Ferrara The Walters Art Museum.
Northern Italy
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Northern Italy is a geographical and cultural region in the northern part of Italy. The Italian National Institute of Statistics defines the region as encompassing the four northwestern regions of Piedmont, Aosta Valley, Liguria and Lombardy in addition to the four northeastern regions of Trentino-Alto Adige, Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia and Emilia-Romagna.
Migration of the Lombards towards northern Italy
The defence of the Carroccio during the battle of Legnano (1176) by Amos Cassioli (1832–1891)
San Michele Maggiore, Pavia, where almost all the kings of Italy were crowned up to Frederick Barbarossa
The Iron Crown of Lombardy, for centuries a symbol of the Kings of Italy