Enhancer (genetics)
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In genetics, an enhancer is a short region of DNA that can be bound by proteins to increase the likelihood that transcription of a particular gene will occur. These proteins are usually referred to as
Regulation of transcription in mammals. An active enhancer regulatory region of DNA is enabled to interact with the promoter DNA region of its target gene by the formation of a chromosome loop. This can initiate messenger RNA (mRNA) synthesis by RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) bound to the promoter at the transcription start site of the gene. The loop is stabilized by one architectural protein anchored to the enhancer and one anchored to the promoter and these proteins are joined to form a dimer (red zigzags). Specific regulatory
Mediator (coactivator)
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Mediator is a multiprotein complex that functions as a transcriptional coactivator in all eukaryotes. It was discovered in 1990 in the lab of Roger D. Kornberg, recipient of the 2006 Nobel Prize in Ch
Figure 1: Diagram of Mediator with its cyclin-dependent kinase module attached
Figure 2: Mediator structural model
Figure 3: Structural model of Mediator's tail and middle bound to RNA polymerase II
Figure 4: Model of Mediator with some transcription factors, Pol II and DNA