First Barons' War
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The First Barons' War was a civil war in the Kingdom of England in which a group of rebellious major landowners led by Robert Fitzwalter waged war against King John. The conflict resulted from King Jo
King John of England (left) in battle with the troops of Louis of France (right)
The round tower (centre) and two square towers (left and right) of Rochester Castle.
The Second Battle of Lincoln in 1217.
Magna Carta
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Magna Carta, sometimes spelled Magna Charta, is a royal charter of rights sealed by King John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15 June 1215. First drafted by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Car
First Barons' War
…disastrous wars against King Philip II of France which led to the collapse of the Angevin Empire, and John's subsequent refusal to accept and abide by Magna Carta, which John had sealed on 15 June 1215. The rebellious barons, faced with an uncompromising king, turned to King Philip's son Louis, who in 1216 sailed…
Cotton MS. Augustus II. 106, one of four surviving exemplifications of the 1215 text
King John on a stag hunt
A mural of Pope Innocent III, c. 1219
The Articles of the Barons, 1215, held by the British Library