Geiger–Müller tube
Videos
The Geiger–Müller tube or G–M tube is the sensing element of the Geiger counter instrument used for the detection of ionizing radiation. It is named after Hans Geiger, who invented the principle in 19
A complete Geiger counter, with the Geiger–Müller tube mounted in a cylindrical enclosure connected by a cable to the instrument
Visualization of the spread of Townsend avalanches by means of UV photons. This mechanism allows a single ionizing event to ionize all the gas surrounding the anode by triggering multiple avalanches.
Detection of gamma in a G-M tube with a thick-walled stainless steel cathode. Secondary electrons generated in the wall can reach the fill gas to produce avalanches. This effect is considerably attenuated at low energies below about 20 KeV
Pancake G–M tube, the circular concentric anode can clearly be seen.
Townsend discharge
Videos
In electromagnetism, the Townsend discharge or Townsend avalanche is an ionisation process for gases where free electrons are accelerated by an electric field, collide with gas molecules, and conseque
Geiger–Müller tube
…further in 1928 to produce a practical tube that could detect a number of different radiation types. It is a gaseous ionization detector and uses the Townsend avalanche phenomenon to produce an easily detectable electronic pulse from as little as a single ionizing event due to a radiation particle. It is used for the…
Neon lamp/cold-cathode gas diode relaxation oscillator