Gelatin desserts are desserts made with a sweetened and flavored processed collagen product. This kind of dessert was first recorded as jelly by Hannah Glasse in her 18th century book The Art of Cookery, appearing in a layer of trifle. Jelly is featured in the best selling cookbooks of English food writers Eliza Acton and Isabella Beeton in the 19th century, they can be made by combining plain gelatin with other ingredients or by using a premixed blend of gelatin with additives. Prepared gelatin desserts are sold in a variety of forms, ranging from large decorative shapes to individual serving cups. Popular brands of premixed gelatin include: Aeroplane Jelly in Australia, Hartley's in the United Kingdom, Jell-O from Kraft Foods and Royal from Jel Sert in North America. Before gelatin became available as a commercial product, the most typical gelatin dessert was "calf's foot jelly"; as the name indicates, this was made by purifying gelatin from the foot of a calf. This gelatin was used for savory dishes in aspic, or was mixed with fruit juice and sugar for a dessert.
In the eighteenth century, gelatin from calf's feet and hartshorn was colored blue with violet juice, yellow with saffron, red with cochineal and green with spinach and allowed to set in layers in small, narrow glasses. It was flavored with sugar, lemon juice and mixed spices; this preparation was called jelly. Preparations on making jelly appear in the best selling cookbooks of English writers Eliza Acton and Isabella Beeton in the 19th century. To make a gelatin dessert, gelatin is dissolved in hot liquid with the desired flavors and other additives; these latter ingredients include sugar, fruit juice, or sugar substitutes. In addition to sweeteners, the prepared commercial blends contain flavoring agents and other additives, such as adipic acid, fumaric acid, sodium citrate, artificial flavorings and food colors; because the collagen is processed extensively, the final product is not categorized as a meat or animal product by the US federal government. Prepared commercial blends may be sold as a powder or as a concentrated gelatinous block, divided into small squares.
Either type is mixed with sufficient hot water to dissolve it, mixed with enough cold water to make the volume of liquid specified on the packet. The solubility of powdered gelatin can be enhanced by sprinkling it into the liquid several minutes before heating, "blooming" the individual granules; the dissolved mixture is refrigerated forming a colloidal gel as it cools. Gelatin desserts may be enhanced in many ways, such as using decorative molds, creating multicolored layers by adding a new layer of cooled liquid over the previously-solidified one, or suspending non-soluble edible elements such as marshmallows or fruit; some types of fresh fruit and their unprocessed juices are incompatible with gelatin desserts. When chilled, the most common ratios of gelatin to liquid result in a custard-like texture which can retain detailed shapes when cold but melts back to a viscous liquid when warm. A recipe calling for the addition of additional gelatin to regular jelly gives a rubbery product that can be cut into shapes with cookie cutters and eaten with fingers.
Higher gelatin ratios can be used to increase the stability of the gel, culminating in gummy candies which remain rubbery solids at room temperature. The Bloom Strength of a gelatin mixture is the measure of, it is defined by the force in grams required to press a 12.5 mm diameter plunger 4 mm into 112 g of a standard 6.67% w/v gelatin gel at 10 °C. The Bloom Strength of a gel is useful to know when determining the possibility of substituting a gelatin of one Bloom Strength for a gelatin of another. One can use the following equation: C x B½ = k or C1½÷½ = C2Where C = concentration, B = Bloom strength and k = constant. For example, when making gummies, it's important to know that a 250 Bloom gelatin has a much shorter texture than a 180 Bloom gelatin. A gelatin shot is a shooter in which liquor vodka, tequila, or neutral grain spirit, replaces some of the water or fruit juice, used to congeal the gel; the American satirist and mathematician Tom Lehrer claims to have invented the gelatin shot in the 1950s while working for the National Security Agency, where he developed vodka gelatin as a way to circumvent a restriction of alcoholic beverages on base.
An early published recipe for an alcoholic gelatin drink dates from 1862, found in How to Mix Drinks, or The Bon Vivant's Companion by Jerry Thomas: his recipe for "Punch Jelly" calls for the addition of isinglass or other gelatin to a punch made from cognac and lemon juice. Gelatin art desserts known as 3D gelatin desserts, are made by injecting colorful shapes into a flavored gelatin base; this 3D gelation art technique originated from Mexico and has spread along to Western and Pacific countries. These desserts are made using high quality gelatin that has a high bloom value and low odor and taste; the clear gelatin base is prepared using gelatin, sugar, citric acid and food flavoring. When the clear gelatin base sets, colorful shapes
The Ryzza Mae Show is a Philippine television talk show broadcast by GMA Network. Hosted by Ryzza Mae Dizon, it premiered on April 8, 2013; the show concluded on September 2015 with a total. It was replaced by Princess in the Palace in its timeslot; the show explores topics that cover anything under the sun through the point of view of a curious and innocent child. Furthermore, the show presents interesting people with interesting stories in a happy atmosphere, its pilot episode aired on April 8, 2013 with veteran Filipina actress Susan Roces as its first guest. On September 21, 2015, The Ryzza Mae Show is reformatted as a morning drama series with the various cast members; the talk show format is ended on September 18, 2015 in order to give way to Dizon's Princess in the Palace, produced by TAPE Inc. Dizon and her guest co-star in Princess in the Palace, Ces Quesada, confirmed that The Ryzza Mae Show wouldn't go off air permanently, it would only go on hiatus in order to present Dizon's new teleserye.
On June 10, 2016, Princess in the Palace had aired its finale episode in order to give way to its second presentation, Calle Siete, produced by TAPE Inc. from Princess in the Palace, Eula Valdez and Christian Vasquez will still be joining Dizon in this teleserye. Addition to the cast are Patricia Tumulak. According to AGB Nielsen Philippines' Mega Manila household television ratings, the pilot episode of The Ryzza Mae Show earned a 17.5% rating. While the final episode scored a 15.5% rating
Gosfond was a Soviet Trophy Brigade otherwise known as the State Agency for Literature formed in late 1944 by Georgy Malenkov on Stalin's orders. It was one of a number of war committees formed by the Soviet Union during the Vistula–Oder Offensive and tasked with appropriating foreign factories, manufactured goods, raw materials, farm machinery, crops, libraries, scientific archives from all of Soviet occupied Eastern Europe, forcible relocations of engineers and scientists; the literature confiscated by Gosfond was transported to Soviet state libraries and cultural institutions including the National Lenin Library of the USSR, the National Historical Library, the National Polytechnical Library, the National Library for Foreign Literature and the National Saltykov-Shchedrin Public Library. Most looted documents and books, sent to the Soviet Union by Gosfond, were stored haphazardly catalogued destroyed by neglect and inattention. Items of scientific value were piled up in smaller public libraries and agricultural stations, where the books were never catalogued and could not be recalled for any useful activities.
The origins of foreign acquisitions including the 1946 Gosfond delivery of 1,857 crates of books to libraries in Moscow were concealed from librarians as well as the general public
Methylopila helvetica is a Gram-negative, facultatively methanotrophic, non-spore-forming and mesophilic bacterium species from the genus of Methylopila, isolated from soil from Switzerland. Doronina, NV. Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 23: 210–8. Doi:10.1016/S0723-202080007-7. PMID 10930073. Yang, LQ. "Chenggangzhangella methanolivorans gen. nov. sp. nov. A novel member of the family Methylocystaceae, transfer of Methylopila helvetica Doronina et al. 2000 to Albibacter helveticus comb. Nov. and emended descriptions of the genus Albibacter". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 66: 2825–2830. Doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.001062. PMID 27046027. Editors, Don J. Brenner, Noel R. Krieg, James T. Staley. Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. New York: Springer. ISBN 0-387-29298-5. CS1 maint: extra text: authors list Type strain of Methylopila helvetica at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
The Wall is a 1962 American propaganda film about the erection of the Berlin Wall directed by Walter de Hoog. The documentary begins with a group of German children playing football in a street bordering the Berlin Wall. In the course of the game, the ball is kicked over to the other side. Using raw footage, the film chronicles the erection of the wall, civilian efforts to communicate with and assist East German escapees, efforts by GDR border guards to thwart them. Shot in the first year after the wall was built, the film was narrated by Alexander Scourby, speaking for a citizen of West Berlin whose mother and children were stranded on the east side of the wall; the man is shown communicating with his children through hand signals. For a brief time after the wall was built, civilians were able to escape by jumping from the westward windows of buildings close to the wall. Several such escapes were captured in the film, including one where communist policemen tried to pull a woman back into the room before she fell to the waiting firefighters below.
GDR guards are filmed throwing tear gas at civilians on the western side of the wall, who threw the grenades back. After a short time, the windows of those buildings were bricked up, barbed wire was strung on the rooftops. Trees and houses are shown being razed. In the surrounding countryside, more civilians escape, despite the deployment of minefields and barbed wire. Another escapee is seen being injured in the face. Another incident captured in the film is the death of Peter Fechter, an 18-year-old bricklayer's apprentice, shot by GDR border guards while trying to scale the wall and left to bleed to death. A memorial is shown for others. Three minutes of silence are held on the western side to commemorate those lost and killed, the film ends with a young boy walking alongside the wall. We still wave to our families in East Berlin, they still dare to wave back. We cannot be together. Since the 1960s, the short documentary was preserved by the U. S. National Archives and Records Administration. Since the film was deemed a propaganda film, the media production could not be released or shown in the United States until after the Cold War between the Eastern Bloc and Western Bloc countries.
The Wall on IMDb The Wall is available for free download at the Internet Archive
The Champalimaud Foundation is a private biomedical research foundation. It was created according to the will of the late entrepreneur António de Sommer Champalimaud, in 2004; the complete name of the foundation honors the mother and father of the founder and is Fundação Anna de Sommer Champalimaud e Dr. Carlos Montez Champalimaud, it is located in Portugal. The mission of the Foundation is "to develop programmes of advanced biomedical research and provide clinical care of excellence, with a focus on translating pioneering scientific discoveries into solutions which can improve the quality of life of individuals around the world." The foundation undertakes research in the fields of neuroscience and oncology at the modernistic Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown in Lisbon, opened in 2011. Research into visual impairment is undertaken via an outreach program; the Champalimaud Clinical Center is a modern scientific and technological institution providing specialized clinical treatment for oncology.
The Center develops advanced programs for research of diseases. The CCC tries to customize the therapies in order to achieve more effectiveness in controlling and treating the diseases, it was designed by Indian master Architect Charles Correa. The management of the Foundation consists of Board of Directors, General Council, Scientific Committee, Ethics Committee and Vision Award Jury; the acting President is Leonor Beleza appointed by António Champalimaud in his will. The award was established in 2007 to recognise contributions to research into vision. In numbered years it is awarded for contributions to overall vision research and in odd numbered years for contributions to the alleviation of visual problems in developing countries. Source: Champalimaud Foundation 2018: Jean Bennett, Albert Maguire, Robin Ali, James Bainbridge, Samuel Jacobson, William W. Hauswirth and Michael Redmond 2017: Sightsavers and CBM 2016: Christine Holt, Carol Mason, John Flanagan and Carla Shatz 2015: Kilimanjaro Centre for Community Ophthalmology, Seva Foundation and Seva Canada 2014: Napoleone Ferrara, Joan W. Miller, Evangelos S. Gragoudas, Patricia D'Amore, Anthony P. Adamis, George L. King and Lloyd Paul Aiello for the development of Anti-Angiogenic Therapy for Retinal Disease.
2013: Nepal Netra Jyoty Sangh, Eastern Regional Eye Care Programme, Lumbini Eye Institute and Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology 2012: David Williams for the application of adaptive optics to the eye.