Geopolitics
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Geopolitics is the study of the effects of Earth's geography on politics and international relations. Geopolitics usually refers to countries and relations between them; it may also focus on two other
Division of the world according to Haushofer's pan-regions doctrine
Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, by Abraham Ortelius, World, 1572
"The Geographical Pivot of History" is an article submitted by Halford John Mackinder in 1904 to the Royal Geographical Society that advances his heartland theory. In this article, Mackinder extended
Geopolitics
…world politics and the world sea. He extends this to include the unity of the air. Spykman adopts Mackinder's divisions of the world, renaming some; The Heartland; The Rimland (analogous to Mackinder's "inner or marginal crescent" also an intermediate region, lying between the Heartland and the marginal sea…
Halford John Mackinder, the author