1.
New York Comic Con
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The New York Comic Con is an annual New York City fan convention dedicated to comics, graphic novels, anime, manga, video games, toys, movies, and television. It was first held in 2006, ReedPOP is involved with other events, including Chicago Comic & Entertainment Expo and PAX Dev/PAX East/PAX Prime. ReedPop and New York Comic Con were founded by Greg Topalian, the first con was held in 2006 at the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center. Due to Reed Exhibitions lack of experience with comic conventions, attendance was far more than anticipated, despite crowding on Friday afternoon, tickets continued to be sold due to low pre-reg numbers, and the non-counting of professionals and exhibitors. The main exhibition hall hit capacity Saturday morning and was locked by the marshals until people left. Major guests, including Kevin Smith and Frank Miller, could not enter the main hall, the line to enter the convention wrapped around the building with waits of two hours to enter, and many were turned away. Ticket sales for Sunday were suspended, Reed announced that additional space would be acquired for the 2007 show. The second con was held in 2007, with the convention organizer booking double the floor space than the previous years space, the show on Friday was again only open to industry and press until 4 p. m. when it opened to the public. Due to better planning, advance sales were controlled. Lines started forming at midnight Saturday to enter the convention, and by Saturday morning, crowding was a problem in the Artists Alley, which was off the main convention floor, causing it to be moved to the main floor for 2008. The American Anime Awards, hosted by New York Comic Con, was held on February 24 at the New Yorker Hotel, the third con held in 2008 moved to April, continued to grow, and occupied most of the main level in the Javits Center. Stan Lee was awarded the inaugural New York Comics Legend Award at the Times Square Virgin Megastore before the Comic Con, kids Day programming was added to the convention on Sunday with the help of Kidss Comic Con. The fourth con held in 2009 returned to February and featured a charity art auction to support The Hero Initiative, the New York Anime Festival, previously a separate event created by Reed, was also merged into Comic Con. The main floor of the center was split by a large construction area due to repairs to the Javits Center. Intel Extreme Masters Global Challenge – New York took place in Comic Con 2011 and it featured eSport tournaments for games such as StarCraft II, League of Legends, and Counter-Strike. In 2011, the convention was expanded to four days, the first day of the convention was initially limited to press, professionals, and fans that purchased a four-day pass. This changed in 2013, when single day Thursday passes were put on sale for the first time. With this addition, attendance at New York Comic Con grew to over 130,000, in 2016, it was announced that everyone attending NYCC2016 would be required to complete a Fan Verification profile
2.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
3.
New York (state)
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New York is a state in the northeastern United States, and is the 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous, and seventh-most densely populated U. S. state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015, New York City is the most populous city in the United States, the New York Metropolitan Area is one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. New York City makes up over 40% of the population of New York State, two-thirds of the states population lives in the New York City Metropolitan Area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island. Both the state and New York City were named for the 17th-century Duke of York, the next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo, Rochester, Yonkers, and Syracuse, while the state capital is Albany. New York has a diverse geography and these more mountainous regions are bisected by two major river valleys—the north-south Hudson River Valley and the east-west Mohawk River Valley, which forms the core of the Erie Canal. Western New York is considered part of the Great Lakes Region and straddles Lake Ontario, between the two lakes lies Niagara Falls. The central part of the state is dominated by the Finger Lakes, New York had been inhabited by tribes of Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans for several hundred years by the time the earliest Europeans came to New York. The first Europeans to arrive were French colonists and Jesuit missionaries who arrived southward from settlements at Montreal for trade, the British annexed the colony from the Dutch in 1664. The borders of the British colony, the Province of New York, were similar to those of the present-day state, New York is home to the Statue of Liberty, a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. On April 17,1524 Verrazanno entered New York Bay, by way of the now called the Narrows into the northern bay which he named Santa Margherita. Verrazzano described it as a vast coastline with a delta in which every kind of ship could pass and he adds. This vast sheet of water swarmed with native boats and he landed on the tip of Manhattan and possibly on the furthest point of Long Island. Verrazannos stay was interrupted by a storm which pushed him north towards Marthas Vineyard, in 1540 French traders from New France built a chateau on Castle Island, within present-day Albany, due to flooding, it was abandoned the next year. In 1614, the Dutch under the command of Hendrick Corstiaensen, rebuilt the French chateau, Fort Nassau was the first Dutch settlement in North America, and was located along the Hudson River, also within present-day Albany. The small fort served as a trading post and warehouse, located on the Hudson River flood plain, the rudimentary fort was washed away by flooding in 1617, and abandoned for good after Fort Orange was built nearby in 1623. Henry Hudsons 1609 voyage marked the beginning of European involvement with the area, sailing for the Dutch East India Company and looking for a passage to Asia, he entered the Upper New York Bay on September 11 of that year
4.
Americans
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Americans are citizens of the United States of America. The country is home to people of different national origins. As a result, Americans do not equate their nationality with ethnicity, although citizens make up the majority of Americans, non-citizen residents, dual citizens, and expatriates may also claim an American identity. See Names for United States citizens. S, virgin Islands and Northern Mariana Islands in the 20th century. It also includes influences of African-American culture, westward expansion integrated the Creoles and Cajuns of Louisiana and the Hispanos of the Southwest and brought close contact with the culture of Mexico. Large-scale immigration in the late 19th and early 20th centuries from Southern and Eastern Europe introduced a variety of elements, immigration from Asia, Africa, and Latin America has also had impact. A cultural melting pot, or pluralistic salad bowl, describes the way in which generations of Americans have celebrated and exchanged distinctive cultural characteristics, in addition to the United States, Americans and people of American descent can be found internationally. As many as seven million Americans are estimated to be living abroad, the United States of America is a diverse country, racially, and ethnically. Some other race is also an option in the census and other surveys, people of European descent, or White Americans, constitute the majority of the 308 million people living in the United States, with 72. 4% of the population in the 2010 United States Census. They are considered people who trace their ancestry to the peoples of Europe, the Middle East. Of those reporting to be White American,7,487,133 reported to be Multiracial, with largest combination being white, additionally, there are 29,184,290 White Hispanics or Latinos. Non-Hispanic Whites are the majority in 46 states, there are four minority-majority states, California, Texas, New Mexico, and Hawaii. In addition, the District of Columbia has a non-white majority, the state with the highest percentage of non-Hispanic White Americans is Maine. The largest continental ancestral group of Americans are that of Europeans who have origins in any of the peoples of Europe. This includes people via African, North American, Caribbean, Central American or South American and Oceanian nations that have a large European diaspora, the Spanish were the first Europeans to establish a continuous presence in what is now the United States. Martín de Argüelles born 1566, San Agustín, La Florida, was the first person of European descent born in what is now the United States. Twenty-one years later, Virginia Dare born 1587 Roanoke Island in present-day North Carolina, was the first child born in the Thirteen Colonies to English parents. 8% of the total population, Hispanic or Latino Americans constitute the largest ethnic minority in the United States. They form the second largest group after non-Hispanic Whites in the United States, hispanic/Latino Americans are very racially diverse, and as a result form an ethnic category, rather than a race
5.
Writer
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A writer is a person who uses written words in various styles and techniques to communicate their ideas. Writers texts are published across a range of media, skilled writers who are able to use language to express ideas well often contribute significantly to the cultural content of a society. The word is used elsewhere in the arts – such as songwriter – but as a standalone term. Some writers work from an oral tradition, Writers can produce material across a number of genres, fictional or non-fictional. Other writers use multiple media – for example, graphics or illustration – to enhance the communication of their ideas, some writers may use images or multimedia to augment their writing. In rare instances, creative writers are able to communicate their ideas via music as well as words, as well as producing their own written works, writers often write on how they write, why they write, and also comment on the work of other writers. Writers work professionally or non-professionally, that is, for payment or without payment and may be either in advance. Payment is only one of the motivations of writers and many are never paid for their work, Writers choose from a range of literary genres to express their ideas. Most writing can be adapted for use in another medium, for example, a writers work may be read privately or recited or performed in a play or film. Satire for example, may be written as a poem, an essay, a film, the writer of a letter may include elements of criticism, biography, or journalism. The genre sets the parameters but all kinds of creative adaptation have been attempted, novel to film, poem to play, Writers may begin their career in one genre and change to another. For example, historian William Dalrymple began in the genre of travel literature, many writers have produced both fiction and non-fiction works and others write in a genre that crosses the two. For example, writers of romances, such as Georgette Heyer, invent characters. In this genre, the accuracy of the history and the level of detail in the work both tend to be debated. Some writers write both fiction and serious analysis, sometimes using different names to separate their work. Dorothy Sayers, for example, wrote crime fiction but was also a playwright, essayist, translator, poets make maximum use of the language to achieve an emotional and sensory effect as well as a cognitive one. To create these effects, they use rhyme and rhythm and they also exploit the properties of words with a range of techniques such as alliteration. A common theme is love and its vicissitudes, Shakespeares famous love story Romeo and Juliet, for example, written in a variety of poetic forms, has been performed in innumerable theatres and made into at least eight cinematic versions
6.
Penciller
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A penciller is a collaboration artist who works in creation of comic books, graphic novels, and similar visual art forms, with focus on primary pencil illustrations, hence the term penciller. In the American comic book industry, the penciller is the first step in rendering the story in visual form and these artists are concerned with layout to showcase steps in the plot. Beyond this basic description, however, different artists choose to use a variety of different tools. While many artists use traditional wood pencils, others prefer mechanical pencils or drafting leads, still other artists do their initial layouts using a light-blue colored pencil because that color tends to disappear during photocopying. Most US comic book pages are drawn oversized on large sheets of paper, the customary size of comic book pages in the mainstream American comics industry is 11 by 17 inches. The inker usually works directly over the pencil marks, though occasionally pages are inked on translucent paper, such as drafting vellum. The artwork is later reduced in size during the printing process. With the advent of digital illustration programs such as Photoshop, more and more artwork is produced digitally, Jack Kirby From 1949 until his retirement, Jack Kirby worked out of a ten-foot-wide basement studio dubbed The Dungeon by his family. When starting with clean piece of Bristol board, would first draw his lines with a T-square. Arthur Adams Arthur Adams begins drawing thumbnail layouts from the script hes given, the thumbnails range in size from 2 inches x 3 inches to half the size of the printed comic book. When working on the illustration board, he does so on a large drawing board when in his basement studio. After tracing the thumbnails, he will then clarify details with another light-blue pencil, for a large poster image with a multitude of characters, he will go over the figure outlines with a marker in order to emphasize them. He will use photographic reference when appropriate, as when he draws things that he is not accustomed to, because a significant portion of his income is derived from selling his original artwork, he is reluctant to learn how to produce his work digitally. Jim Lee Artist Jim Lee is known to use F lead for his pencil work and he uses this lead because it strikes a balance between too hard, and therefore not dark enough on the page, and too soft, and therefore prone to smearing and crumbling. Campbell avoids its closest competitor because he finds it too waxy, campbell has also used HB lead and F lead. He maintains sharpness of the lead with a Berol Turquoise sharpener, changing them every four to six months, campbell uses a combination of Magic Rub erasers, eraser sticks, and since he began to ink his work digitally, a Sakura electric eraser. He often sharpens the eraser to an edge in order to render fine detailed work. Travis Charest Artist Travis Charest uses mainly 2H lead to avoid smearing and he previously illustrated on regular illustration board provided by publishers, though he disliked the non-photo blue lines printed on them
7.
The Avengers (comic book)
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The Avengers is the name of several comic book titles featuring the team the Avengers and published by Marvel Comics, beginning with the original The Avengers comic book series which debuted in 1963. In 1960, DC Comics launched a book series featuring a team of superheroes called the Justice League. Impressed by that books strong sales, Martin Goodman, the owner of Marvel Comics predecessor Timely Comics, Lee recounts in Origins of Marvel Comics, Martin mentioned that he had noticed one of the titles published by National Comics seemed to be selling better than most. It was a book called The Justice League of America and it was composed of a team of superheroes, if the Justice League is selling, spoke he, why dont we put out a comic book that features a team of superheroes. Much like the Justice League, the Avengers were an assemblage of pre-existing superhero characters created by Lee, Kirby did the artwork for the first eight issues only, in addition to doing the layouts for issue #16. Marvel filed for a trademark for The Avengers in 1967 and the United States Patent, between 1996 and 2004, Marvel relaunched the primary Avengers title three times. In 1996, the Heroes Reborn line, in which Marvel contracted outside companies to produce four titles and it took place in an alternate universe, with a revamped history unrelated to mainstream Marvel continuity. The Avengers vol.2 was written by Rob Liefeld and penciled by Jim Valentino, the final issue, which featured a crossover with the other Heroes Reborn titles, returned the characters to the main Marvel Universe. The Avengers vol.3 relaunched and ran for 84 issues from February 1998 to August 2004, Avengers vol.4 debuted in July 2010 and ran until January 2013. Vol.5 was launched in February 2013, after Secret Wars, a new Avengers team debuted, dubbed the All-New, All-Different Avengers, starting with a Free Comic Book Day preview. The roster changed almost immediately after the first issue, at the beginning of the issue, Ant-Man became Giant-Man, and at the end of the issue. Issue #4 brought the titles first major milestone, the revival, the creative team of writer Roy Thomas and artist John Buscema introduced new characters such as Arkon in issue #75 and Red Wolf in #80. Novelist Harlan Ellison plotted two stories for the series, the first was published in issue #88 and the second in #101. Writer Steve Englehart introduced Mantis, who joined the team along with the reformed Swordsman, during the summer of 1973, Englehart and artists Bob Brown and Sal Buscema produced The Avengers-Defenders Clash storyline which crossed over between the two team titles. George Pérez became the titles artist with issue #141 which saw the start of a story featuring the Squadron Supreme. In 2010, Comics Bulletin ranked Engleharts run on The Avengers eighth on its list of the Top 10 1970s Marvels, shooter introduced the character of Henry Peter Gyrich, the Avengers liaison to the United States National Security Council. The true origins of Quicksilver and the Scarlet Witch were revealed in a story that ran in issues #185-187. Stern developed several major storylines, such as Ultimate Vision, the formation of the West Coast Avengers, rogue, who would later become a member of the X-Men, was introduced in The Avengers Annual #10 by writer Chris Claremont and artist Michael Golden
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Crisis on Infinite Earths
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It was produced by DC Comics to herald a simplification of its then 50-year-old narrative continuity. The series was written by Marv Wolfman and illustrated by George Pérez, Mike DeCarlo, Dick Giordano, the series removed the multiverse concept from the fictional DC Universe, depicting the death of long-standing characters Supergirl and the Barry Allen incarnation of the Flash. Continuity in the DC Universe is divided into pre-Crisis and post-Crisis periods and it inspired the titles of four DC crossover series, Zero Hour, Crisis in Time. Infinite Crisis, Final Crisis, and Convergence, before Crisis on Infinite Earths was published, DC storylines had many continuity problems, no characters backstory was entirely consistent and reliable. DCs oldest superhero, Superman, could not originally fly, his strength came from evolving on a planet with stronger gravity than Earths and he was later depicted flying, with his powers explained as deriving from Earths yellow sun. Supermans history later incorporated his exploits as Superboy, more Krypton survivors were introduced, contradicting the original premise that Superman was the sole survivor of Kryptons destruction. Issues also arose about the age of some characters, batman retained his youth and vitality well into the 1980s despite his World War II heroism, and his sidekick Robin took over 30 years in real time to graduate from high school. Characters such as the Flash, the Atom and Green Lantern appeared in conflicting storylines, with differing origins, the biggest perceived problem was DCs vast array of parallel Earths. Beginning as a story in Flash #123, the Silver Age version of the Flash met his Golden Age counterpart. Marv Wolfman and Len Wein saw Crisis as a chance to clean up DCs convoluted continuity, the term Crisis denoted an inter-dimensional crossover, similar to the annual Justice League–Justice Society crossovers that began with Crisis on Earth-One. Early in planning, a list was made of characters that were part of the DC Universe, the crossover was fleshed out and coordinated at a meeting attended by president Jenette Kahn, Paul Levitz, vice president and executive editor Dick Giordano and DCs editors. According to writer Steve Gerber, Crisis on Infinite Earths got virtually no promotion, how many handouts did you see. How many posters did you see in peoples windows, how much information was really distributed to the press and how much was gotten just by individual reporters going to Marv Wolfman and George Pérez. Despite this the series was successful, renewing interest in the books and attracting readers with the slogan. During a lull in the war the villains unite under Brainiac, the Anti-Monitor tries to use an antimatter cannon to penetrate the limbo universe and destroy the five partially merged Earths. The Flash dies stopping this attempt, a furious Anti-Monitor vows to travel back through time to prevent the creation of the multiverse. The villains fail, and Krona continues his experiment, the five Earths merge into a single shared universe, and the superheroes return to the present, only those present at the dawn of time remember the original realities. A cosmically empowered Anti-Monitor attacks again, transporting the new Earth to the antimatter universe and he falls in a carefully planned counterattack culminating in a battle with Kal-L, Alexander Luthor of Earth-Three and Superboy of Earth-Prime, with help from New Gods adversary Darkseid
9.
Teen Titans
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The Teen Titans, also known as the New Teen Titans and the Titans, are a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, often in an eponymous monthly series. As the groups name suggests, its members are teenage superheroes, Bob Haney, the creator and long-time writer of the Teen Titans series, considers the earlier issue to be the first appearance of the Teen Titans. The first Teen Titans series ran 43 bi-monthly issues, ending in early 1973, the group appeared sporadically in reprints via The Brave and the Bold and DC Super-Stars over the next three years, which revived interest in the group. New stories began when the title was renewed in late 1976. Ten issues later, the title was cancelled again during what become known as The DC Implosion. The four founding members were joined by Green Arrows sidekick, Speedy, Aquagirl, Bumblebee, the first Hawk and Dove, and three heroes who did not wear costumes, Mal Duncan, Lilith, and Gnarrk. Original members Robin, Wonder Girl and Kid Flash were joined by new characters Cyborg, Starfire and Raven, as well as the former Doom Patrol member Beast Boy, the group had several encounters with the original Titans of Greek mythology, particularly Hyperion. The series was re-titled Tales of the Teen Titans with issue #41, a second volume was launched in August 1984, by which time Robin had assumed the identity Nightwing and Kid Flash had been replaced by Jericho. Pérez left in 1985 to headline the DC Comics 50th Anniversary limited series Crisis on Infinite Earths, Tales of the Teen Titans was canceled in July 1988 after #91. The New Teen Titans Volume 2 was retitled The New Titans in December 1988 and was canceled in February 1996 after 130 issues. The series was relaunched as Teen Titans in October 1996, with all-new members under Atom and this series ended in September 1998 after 24 issues. By 2006, the team included only the members and some new additions. A concurrent series titled Titans debuted in April 2008 featuring some of the original and 1980s members, such as Nightwing, Troia, Flash, Tempest, Arsenal, Starfire, Cyborg, Beast Boy and Raven. This was originally depicted as the first incarnation of the Titans, until the 2016 Titans Hunt and DC Rebirth storylines re-established the groups founding members. A Teen Titans animated television series ran on Cartoon Network in the based on the 1980s team. The series spawned two book titles, Teen Titans Go. and Tiny Titans. The series returned as a series of mini-shorts on the DC Nation block on Cartoon Network, there was also a spinoff of the series named Teen Titans Go. based on the comics. Robin, Kid Flash and Aqualad teamed up to defeat a villain known as Mister Twister in The Brave
10.
Wonder Woman
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Wonder Woman is a fictional superheroine appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character is said to be a member of the Justice League, demigoddess. In her homeland, she is Princess Diana of Themyscira, and outside of her homeland, Wonder Woman was created by the American psychologist and writer William Moulton Marston, and artist Harry G. Peter. He and his wife Elizabeths cohabitant, Olive Byrne, is credited as being Marstons inspiration for the characters appearance, Marston drew a great deal of inspiration from early feminists. The character first appeared in All Star Comics #8 in December 1941 and first cover-dated on Sensation Comics #1, the Wonder Woman title has been published by DC Comics almost continuously except for a brief hiatus in 1986. Wonder Womans origin story relates that she was sculpted from clay by her mother Queen Hippolyta and given life by Athena and her Amazonian-training helped to develop a wide range of extraordinary skills in strategy, hunting, and combat. Many stories depicted Wonder Woman rescuing herself from bondage, which defeated the damsels in distress trope that were common in comics during the 1940s, Wonder Woman has also regularly appeared in comic books featuring the superhero teams Justice Society and Justice League. Attempts to return Wonder Woman to television have included a pilot for NBC in 2011. Gal Gadot portrayed Wonder Woman in the 2016 film Batman v Superman, Dawn of Justice, Gadot will also star in the characters first solo live-action film Wonder Woman, set to be released on June 2,2017. Two months later she was dropped from her role as a UN Ambassador following a petition, in an October 25,1940, interview with the Family Circle magazine, William Moulton Marston discussed the unfulfilled potential of the comic book medium. Marston introduced the idea to Gaines, given the go-ahead, Marston developed Wonder Woman, whom he believed to be a model of that eras unconventional, liberated woman. Marston also drew inspiration from the bracelets worn by Olive Byrne, Wonder Woman debuted in All Star Comics #8, scripted by Marston. Marston was the creator of an apparatus, which was crucial to the development of the polygraph. Marstons experience with polygraphs convinced him that women were more honest in situations different than men, Marston designed Wonder Woman to be an allegory for the ideal love leader, the kind of women who should run society. Wonder Woman is psychological propaganda for the new type of woman who should, I believe, rule the world, Marston wrote. In a 1943 issue of The American Scholar, Marston wrote, Not even girls want to be girls so long as our feminine archetype lacks force, strength, Not wanting to be girls, they dont want to be tender, submissive, peace-loving as good women are. Womens strong qualities have become despised because of their weakness, the obvious remedy is to create a feminine character with all the strength of Superman plus all the allure of a good and beautiful woman. Marston went on record by describing bondage and submission as a respectable and noble practice and this weakness served to subvert the damsel in distress trope, since Wonder Woman inevitably rescues herself
11.
Comic book
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A comic book or comicbook, also called comic magazine or simply comic, is a publication that consists of comic art in the form of sequential juxtaposed panels that represent individual scenes. Panels are often accompanied by brief descriptive prose and written narrative, although comics has some origins in 18th century Japan and 1830s Europe, comic books were first popularized in the United States during the 1930s. Comic books are reliant on their organization and appearance, authors largely focus on the frame of the page, size, orientation, and panel positions. These characteristic aspects of books are necessary in conveying the content. The key elements of comic books include panels, balloons, text, balloons are usually convex spatial containers of information that are related to a character using a tail element. The tail has an origin, path, tip, and pointed direction, there are many technological formulas used to create comic books, including directions, axes, data, and metrics. Following these key formatting procedures is the writing, drawing, Comics as a print medium have existed in America since the printing of The Adventures of Mr. Obadiah Oldbuck in 1842 in hardcover, making it the first known American prototype comic book. The introduction of Jerry Siegel and Joe Shusters Superman in 1938 turned comic books into a major industry, the Golden Age originated the archetype of the superhero. Historians generally divide the timeline of the American comic book into eras, the Golden Age of Comic Books began with the introduction of Superman in 1938, spurring a period of high sales. The Silver Age of comic books is considered to date from the first successful revival of the then-dormant superhero form. The demarcation between the Silver Age and the era, the Bronze Age of Comic Books, is less well-defined. The Modern Age of Comic Books runs from the mid-1980s to the present day, in response to attention from the government and from the media, the U. S. comic book industry set up the Comics Magazine Association of America. The CMAA instilled the Comics Code Authority in 1954 and drafted the self-censorship Comics Code that year and it was not until the 1970s that comic books could be published without passing through the inspection of the CMAA. In the early 1970s, a surge of creativity emerged in what known as underground comix. Published and distributed independently of the comics industry, most of such comics reflected the youth counterculture. Underground comics were almost never sold at newsstands, but rather in such youth-oriented outlets as head shops and record stores, frank Stacks The Adventures of Jesus, published under the name Foolbert Sturgeon, has been credited as the first underground comic. The rise of comic book specialty stores in the late 1970s created/paralleled a dedicated market for independent or alternative comics in the U. S, some independent comics continued in the tradition of underground comics. A few represented experimental attempts to bring closer to the status of fine art
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Peter David
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Peter Allen David often abbreviated PAD, is an American writer of comic books, novels, television, movies and video games. His notable comic book includes an award-winning 12-year run on The Incredible Hulk, as well as runs on Aquaman, Young Justice, Supergirl, X-Factor. His Star Trek work includes both comic books and novels such as Imzadi, and co-creating the New Frontier series and his other novels include film adaptations, media tie-ins, and original works, such as the Apropos of Nothing and Knight Life series. His television work includes such as Babylon 5, Young Justice, Ben 10, Alien Force and Nickelodeons Space Cases. David has earned awards for his work, including a 1992 Eisner Award, a 1993 Wizard Fan Award, a 1996 Haxtur Award, a 2007 Julie Award. David was born September 23,1956 in Fort Meade, Maryland to Gunter and Dalia and he has two siblings, a younger brother named Wally, who works as a still life photographer and musician, and a younger sister named Beth. David first became interested in comics when he was five years old, reading copies of Harvey Comics Casper. He became interested in superheroes through the Adventures of Superman TV series, as a result, David read those comics in secret, beginning with his first Marvel book, Fantastic Four Annual #3, which saw the wedding of Mister Fantastic and the Invisible Woman. His parents eventually allowed him to start reading superhero titles and his favorite title was Superman, and he cites John Buscema as his favorite pre-1970s artist. Davids earliest interest in writing came through the work of his father, Gunter, who would sometimes review movies. While Gunter would write his reviews back at the office, Peter would write his own. David lived in Bloomfield, New Jersey, in a house on Albert Terrace, and attended Demarest Elementary School, and later moved to Verona, New Jersey. By the time he entered his teens, he had lost interest in comic books, Davids best friend in junior high and first year in high school, Keith, was gay, and David has described how both of them were targets of ostracism and harassment from homophobes. Although his family moved to Pennsylvania, his experiences in Verona soured him on that town. He would later make Verona the home location of villain Morgan le Fay in his novel Knight Life, a seminal moment in the course of his aspirations occurred when he met writer Stephen King at a book signing, and told him that he was an aspiring writer. King signed Davids copy of Danse Macabre with the inscription, Good luck with your writing career, which David now inscribes himself onto books presented to him by fans who tell him the same thing. Other authors that David cites as influences include Harlan Ellison, Arthur Conan Doyle, parker, Neil Gaiman, Terry Pratchett, Robert Crais and Edgar Rice Burroughs. David has singled out Ellison in particular as a writer whom he has tried to emulate, David attended New York University, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in journalism
13.
South Bronx
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The South Bronx is an area of the New York City borough of the Bronx. As the name implies, the area comprises neighborhoods in the part of the Bronx, such as Concourse, Mott Haven, Melrose. Formerly a deteriorating, poverty-stricken area, the South Bronx is now known for its hip hop culture, the geographic definitions of the South Bronx have evolved and are disputed but certainly include the neighborhoods of Mott Haven, Melrose and Port Morris. The neighborhoods of Belmont, Castle Hill, Crotona Park East, Highbridge, Hunts Point, Longwood, Morrisania, the South Bronx is part of New Yorks 15th Congressional District. The South Bronx is served by the NYPDs 40th, 41st, 42nd, 44th, the South Bronx was originally called the Manor of Morrisania, and later Morrisania. The Morris memorial is at St. Anns Church of Morrisania, Morris descendants own land in the South Bronx to this day. As the Morrises developed their landholdings, an influx of German, later, the Bronx was considered the Jewish Borough, and at its peak in 1930 was 49% Jewish. Jews in the South Bronx numbered 364,000 or 57. 1% of the population in the area. The term was first coined in the 1940s by a group of workers who identified the Bronxs first pocket of poverty, in the Port Morris section. Originally denoting only Mott Haven and Melrose, the South Bronx extended up to the Cross Bronx Expressway by the 1960s, encompassing Hunts Point, Morrisania, the South Bronx is a place for working-class families. Its image as an area developed in the latter part of the 20th century. There were several factors contributing to the decay of the South Bronx, white flight, landlord abandonment, economic changes, demographics, the Cross Bronx Expressway, completed in 1963, was a part of Robert Moses’ urban renewal project for New York City. The expressway is now known to have been a factor in the urban decay seen by the borough in the 1970s and 1980s. Cutting through the heart of the South Bronx, the highway displaced thousands of residents from their homes, the neighborhood of East Tremont, in particular, was completely destroyed by the Expressway. Others have argued that the construction of highways has not harmed communities. The already poor and working-class neighborhoods were further disadvantaged by the property value. Racially charged tension, during the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s, further contributed to middle-class flight, some neighborhoods were considered undesirable by homeowners in the late 1960s and the areas population began decreasing. In addition, post World War II, rent control policies have been proposed by one author as contributing to the decline, in either case, while desirable housing options were scarce, vacancies further increased
14.
Caguas, Puerto Rico
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Caguas is located 20 miles from San Juan and 40 miles from Ponce. It is known as El Valle del Turabo or La Ciudad Criolla, Caguas is both a principal city of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area and the San Juan-Caguas-Fajardo Combined Statistical Area. Caguas was founded on January 1,1775 as San Sebastián del Piñal de Caguax, Caguax was a local Taíno chief and early convert to Christianity. Caguas construction was finished in 1779, in 1820 it was declared a valley, in 2002, Caguas was the site of the 2002 USAF Hercules air disaster. Caguas is located in the largest valley in Puerto Rico, the Valle de Caguas which it shares with Gurabo and part of Aguas Buenas. It is located approximately 30 minutes from the coastline both on the east and the north, and is divided from the Gurabo portion of the valley by the river of the same name. It is east of Aguas Buenas and Cidra, north of Cayey, south of San Juan and it also shares borders with Guayama and Patillas via a five-point border, with Cayey and San Lorenzo. At this point there are two tall antennas which provide signal to Puerto Ricos principal TV stations such as WKAQ-TV and WAPA-TV, no road passes exactly at this point, and it can be approached nearby through Puerto Rico Highway 184. Being a valley, Caguas has the distinction of being relatively flat except near the borders with all the mentioned municipalities except Gurabo, the Río Grande de Loíza divides this municipality from Gurabo. Other Rivers, Río Turabo, Río Caguitas, Río Cañaboncito, Río Bairoa and Río Cañas. The climate is classified as a Tropical monsoon climate, meaning the mean temperature from month to month is never less than 64.4 °F. Rainfall is common in relative abundance throughout most of the year, the land, however, is fertile and deep. Three of the first five Puerto Ricans that played Major League Baseball in the U. S. at one point in their careers played for the Criollos de Caguas, the Criollos de Caguas basketball team, founded in 1968 by Dr. Héctor Tato Dávila and Lcdo. Libertario Pérez Rodríguez, hasnt enjoyed as much success as their baseball counterparts, however in the early 2000s, they showed a lot of progress by reaching the national playoffs various times. The team is a member of the BSN, in 2006, the team won its first BSN national basketball championship, defeating Flor Melendez and his Santurce Crabbers in five games. The Criollas de Caguas womens volleyball team has won 9 national Puerto Rico titles and has made it to the more than 15 times. The team is a member of the Liga de Voleibol Superior Femenino, in September 2005 City Mayor William Miranda Marin levied the first Municipal tax in Puerto Rico via city ordinance. Area Merchants now charge a one cent tax for every dollar spent on all retail businesses, the tax has become known around the island as the Willie Tax
15.
Rich Buckler
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Rich Buckler is an American comic book artist and penciller, best known for his work on Marvel Comics Fantastic Four in the mid-1970s and for creating the character Deathlok in Astonishing Tales #25. Buckler has drawn virtually every character at Marvel and DC. As a teenager in Detroit, Buckler attended the initial iterations of the Detroit Triple Fan Fair, bucklers first comics work was as a teenager with the four-page historical story Freedom Fighters, Washington Attacks Trenton in the King Features comic book Flash Gordon #10. At DC Comics, he drew the Rose and the Thorn backup stories in Supermans Girl Friend, Buckler drew the first three issues of writer Don McGregors Black Panther series in Jungle Action vol. 2, #6-8, a run that Comics Bulletin in 2010 ranked third on its list of the Top 10 1970s Marvels and he fulfilled a decade-long dream in 1974 when assigned to draw Marvels flagship series, Fantastic Four, on which he stayed for two years. During this period, Buckler created the cyborg antihero Deathlok, which starred in an ongoing feature debuting in Astonishing Tales #25, also during this period, Buckler hired the young George Pérez as his studio assistant. Buckler collaborated with writer Gerry Conway on a Superman vs. Shazam, story published in All-New Collectors Edition #C-58. He drew the comic strip The Incredible Hulk for approximately six months in 1979. A Justice League story by Conway and Buckler originally intended for All-New Collectors Edition saw print in Justice League of America #210-212. Buckler and Roy Thomas then created the World War II superhero team the All-Star Squadron in an insert in Justice League of America #193 which led to the teams own title the following month. Buckler worked for Archie Comics in 1983 and 1984, when that publisher briefly revived its Red Circle Comics superhero line, in 1985, Buckler returned to Marvel and briefly drew The Spectacular Spider-Man with writer Peter David, where they produced the storyline The Death of Jean DeWolff. He also served as editor for a line of comics by Solson Publications. He is the author of two books, How to Become a Comic Book Artist and How to Draw Superheroes, in 2015, he became an Inkwell Awards Ambassador. Buckler denied a 1983 claim by The Comics Journal that he had a reputation as a swipe artist, one who copies poses and he sued the magazine for libel, but later dropped the suit
16.
Marvel Comics
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Marvel Comics is the common name and primary imprint of Marvel Worldwide Inc. formerly Marvel Publishing, Inc. and Marvel Comics Group, an American publisher of comic books and related media. In 2009, The Walt Disney Company acquired Marvel Entertainment, Marvel Worldwides parent company, Marvel started in 1939 as Timely Publications, and by the early 1950s had generally become known as Atlas Comics. Marvels modern incarnation dates from 1961, the year that the company launched The Fantastic Four and other superhero titles created by Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, Steve Ditko and many others. Most of Marvels fictional characters operate in a reality known as the Marvel Universe. Martin Goodman founded the later known as Marvel Comics under the name Timely Publications in 1939. Martin Goodman, a magazine publisher who had started with a Western pulp in 1933, was expanding into the emerging—and by then already highly popular—new medium of comic books. The issue was a success, with it and a second printing the following month selling, combined. While its contents came from an outside packager, Funnies, Inc, Timely had its own staff in place by the following year. It, too, proved a hit, with sales of one million. Goodman formed Timely Comics, Inc. beginning with comics cover-dated April 1941 or Spring 1941, Goodman hired his wifes cousin, Stanley Lieber, as a general office assistant in 1939. Lee wrote extensively for Timely, contributing to a number of different titles, Goodmans business strategy involved having his various magazines and comic books published by a number of corporations all operating out of the same office and with the same staff. One of these companies through which Timely Comics was published was named Marvel Comics by at least Marvel Mystery Comics #55. As well, some covers, such as All Surprise Comics #12, were labeled A Marvel Magazine many years before Goodman would formally adopt the name in 1961. The post-war American comic market saw superheroes falling out of fashion and this globe branding united a line put out by the same publisher, staff and freelancers through 59 shell companies, from Animirth Comics to Zenith Publications. Atlas also published a plethora of childrens and teen humor titles, including Dan DeCarlos Homer the Happy Ghost, Atlas unsuccessfully attempted to revive superheroes from late 1953 to mid-1954, with the Human Torch, the Sub-Mariner, and Captain America. Atlas did not achieve any hits and, according to Stan Lee, Atlas survived chiefly because it produced work quickly, cheaply. During this time, the Comic Code Authority made its debut in September 1954, Wertham published the book Seduction of the Innocent in order to force people to see that comics were impacting American youth. He believed violent comics were causing children to be reckless and were turning them into delinquents, in September 1954, comic book publishers got together to set up their own self-censorship organization—the Comics Magazine Association of America—in order to appease audiences
17.
Astonishing Tales
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Astonishing Tales is an American anthology comic book series published by Marvel Comics originally from 1970-1976. Its sister publication was Amazing Adventures vol.2 In 2008 and 2009, several stories were reprinted in the six-issue miniseries Astonishing Tales vol. Astonishing Tales began as a title with solo features starring the jungle lord Ka-Zar. The latter feature was dropped after issue #8, the creative team of Doctor Doom was initially composed of writer Roy Thomas and penciler-inker Wally Wood, a veteran of 1950s EC Comics stories and one of the early, signature artists of Daredevil. Wood remained as artist through issue #4, succeeded by penciler George Tuska for two issues and Gene Colan for the final two, larry Lieber was writer for #3-6, succeeded by Gerry Conway. Ka-Zar had since guest-starred in Daredevil and in other series before gaining his first solo feature here, after that initial story, Roy Thomas scripted the second installment, with the team of writer Gerry Conway and penciler Barry Windsor-Smith taking over for issues #3-6. Thomas and signature Hulk artist Herb Trimpe teamed for the two issues, with Thomas abetted by Mike Friedrich on the latter. Astonishing Tales then starred Ka-Zar solely in stories ranging from 16 to 21 pages each, a variety of creative teams followed, with Lee, Thomas, Conway and Len Wein individually writing or collaborating on stories before Mike Friedrich became regular writer with issue #14. Pencilers included Dan Adkins, Rich Buckler, Gil Kane, and John Buscema, bobbi Morse first appeared in the Ka-Zar story in Astonishing Tales #6 and would later become the superheroine Mockingbird. Joshua Link was introduced in Astonishing Tales #8 and later became the supervillain Gemini of Zodiac, issues #12 and #13 introduced Man-Thing to color comics, as a Ka-Zar antagonist. Issue #14 featured a color reprint of the black-and-white Ka-Zar tale in the comics magazine Savage Tales #1. The Living Colossus, starring a stone giant introduced in an anthological science fiction-monster story in Tales of Suspense #14, tony Isabella and Dick Ayers comprised the modern features writer-artist team. Created by artist Rich Buckler, who devised the concept, and writer Doug Moench, the feature ran from #25-28 and 30-36. Bill Mantlo scripted issues #32-35, with Buckler himself scripting the finale, Buckler described Deathlok as an extension of a paranoid fantasy. He was a representation of part of my outlook and world view and he was a culmination of many of the messages in some of the music of the time. He was part of some of the things going wrong in our country at the time, maybe he was the science that was going wrong. Artist George Pérez made his comics debut with a two-page backup feature in issue #25. The last two issues were released in both a 25-cent and a 30-cent edition, issue #29 was a fill-in that reprinted an edited version of the first Guardians of the Galaxy story, from Marvel Super Heroes #18
18.
Deathlok
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Deathlok is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He first appeared in Astonishing Tales #25, created by Rich Buckler, at least three subsequent Marvel characters have used the Deathlok identity since then. A recurring theme among these characters is that a human has been reanimated with cybernetic technology. Deathlok technology has also been used thematically by Marvel writers in other stories, the character has also appeared on television in animation and live action. Although initially announced as the new feature for Marvels Worlds Unknown comic, under the title Cyborg. The Luther Manning Deathlok then appeared in Captain America #286-288, a new Deathlok, Michael Collins, debuted in the miniseries Deathlok #1-4. He was the second Deathlok to be created in the modern era and this second Deathlok went on to a 34-issue series cover-dated July 1991 to April 1994, plus two summer annuals in 1992 and 1993. Espionage agent Jack Truman, debuted in an 11-issue limited series, Deathlok has also appeared in four issues of the limited series Beyond. And Michael Collins, in form and not as Deathlok. Multiple unnamed Deathlok units appear in Black Panther vol, possessing no human sentience, they were automatons created from corpses of soldiers killed in Iraq. Deathlok has his own ongoing series began in October 2014. He verbally communicates with his computer, to which he refers as the abbreviated Puter. He escapes from Rykers control, although he dreams he has regained his humanity and he battles the evil corporate and military regimes that have taken over the United States, while simultaneously struggling not to lose his humanity. He battles Simon Ryker and the first War-Wolf, and encounters his wife and he battles Simon Rykers Super-Tank, and then begins a hunt for a cyborg doctor. He battles Simon Ryker as the Savior Machine, and his mind is transferred into a Luther Manning clone. He battles mutants alongside a time-traveling Spider-Man and he begins working for the CIA, encounters Godwulf for the first time, and is then finally sent back in time to the modern era. He battles the Devil-Slayer, but then battles demons alongside Devil-Slayer and he later becomes controlled by Mentallo and the Fixer and is sent to assassinate the President, but is stopped by the Thing and Nick Fury. After his capture he becomes catatonic, and is taken to England for treatment by the Thing and he is cured by Louis Knort, and Nick Fury takes him into custody
19.
Sons of the Tiger
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The Sons of the Tiger are fictional characters, three martial arts heroes featured in comic books published by Marvel Comics. The Sons of the Tiger first appeared in comics published by Curtis Magazines called the Deadly Hands of Kung Fu, the series was created by Gerry Conway and drawn by Dick Giordano, and was published in the early 1970s amidst the Kung Fu or Chopsocky movie craze. The Sons of the Tiger made appearances in Special Collectors Edition and they also appeared in the Special Album Edition of Deadly Hands of Kung Fu. Both of these contained the same story, titled The Master Plan of Fu Manchu. In this story, the Sons of the Tiger team up with Iron Fist, the Special Collectors Edition contained the story in color, while the Special Album Edition was in black-and-white. Lin Sun is returning from a martial arts tournament with his first place trophy when he is attacked by ninjas in front of his school in San Francisco. After defeating the villains, he goes into the Tiger Dojo and he finds a dying Master Kee, who tells him that there are forces in this world which would destroy us and then points to a box on a shelf, after which he dies. In the box, Lin finds three amulets made of jade, a head and two claws, the symbol of the school. The inscription at the base of the box reads, When three are called and stand as one, as one theyll fight, their will be done. For each is born anew and they are later known as The Amulets of Power. Soon after, Lin meets up with his two friends, Abe Brown and Bob Diamond, who have also attacked by ninjas. Lin recounts the story of Master Kees death and gives each of one of the jade tiger claw amulets. They soon discover that when they join hands and chant the inscription from the box they become mystically connected and their martial arts skills combine to become one force and their physical abilities are tripled when they wear the amulets. During the series run, the trio runs up against The Silent Ones, Beginning in Deadly Hands of Kung Fu #19, entitled An Ending, the trio breaks up and Lin Sun throws all three amulets in a trashcan located in an alley. There, Hector Ayala of Puerto Rican descent finds the amulets, the Sons of the Tiger appeared in the next two stories, A Beginning and To Claw the Eyes of Night, during the transition to the White Tiger stories. The character of Abe Brown is mostly seen periodically after that, the book continued using the title Sons of the Tiger even though the trio had split up and power was transferred to the White Tiger. Bob Diamond continued to make appearances in Power Man and Iron Fist as Colleen Wings lover. Lin Sun, Abe Brown and Lotus Shinchuko appeared in an issue of The Pulse as bodyguards for Luke Cage and they also appeared alongside Spider-Man in Marvel Team-Up #40. In November 2008, they made an appearance in Manifest Destiny, the Sons of the Tiger reunited in the 2014 Deadly Hands of Kung-Fu mini-series, where they aided Shang-Chi and his comrades. com
20.
The Deadly Hands of Kung Fu
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Deadly Hands of Kung Fu is a martial arts comic book magazine published by Magazine Management Company, a corporate sibling of Marvel Comics. There were a total of 33 issues published, plus one Special Album Edition and this magazine was published in the mid-to-late 1970s amidst the Kung Fu or Chopsocky movie craze. The Deadly Hands of Kung-Fu magazine was launched in 1974 and ended 33 issues later in 1977, most of the issues had a review of a recently released martial arts film. Other issues had interviews with authentic martial arts instructors, while others had interviews with movie or television celebrities related to martial arts, the early issues had a martial arts instructional section which described some elementary fighting techniques. These were provided by comics illustrator/martial artist Frank McLaughlin, the magazine was in black-and-white except for the cover. The cost of the magazine was 75 cents for issues #1–14, issue #15 was a Super Annual issue and cost $1.25. Issues #16–33 were $1.00, as well as the Special Album Edition 1974, issue #28, September 1976, was an all Bruce Lee special, including a 35-page comic-format biography, written by Martin Sands, and drawn by Joe Staton and Tony DeZuniga. Many issues are rare, especially in quality condition. The Sons of the Tiger/White Tiger feature ran until the penultimate issue and its single issue did not contain any comic book elements, but featured a lengthy article reprinted from Deadly Hands as well as instructional features by Frank McLaughlin. Editor John Warner explained that The Deadliest Heroes of Kung Fu was a balloon for an all-articles companion to Deadly Hands. Deadly Hands of Kung Fu Omnibus Vol.1 collects,1152 pages, November 15,2016, ISBN 978-1302901332 Deadly Hands of Kung Fu cover gallery
21.
Bill Mantlo
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William Timothy Bill Mantlo is an American comic book writer, primarily at Marvel Comics. An attorney who worked as a defender, Mantlo was the victim of a hit-and-run accident in 1992 and has been in institutional care ever since. Bill Mantlo was born in Brooklyn, New York City, the oldest of three sons of William W. and Nancy Mantlo, growing up as a comics fan, Mantlo attended Manhattans High School of Art & Design. In college at the Cooper Union School of Art, he focused on painting, following his graduation, Mantlo held various civil service positions and worked as a portrait photographer. A connection with a friend in 1974 led Mantlo to a job as an assistant to Marvel Comics production manager John Verpoorten. Mantlos first credits were as a colorist, on several comics cover-dated from October 1974 to April 1975, soon afterword, Mantlo wrote a fill-in script for a Sons of the Tiger story in Deadly Hands of Kung Fu, which led to a permanent writing position on that title. While scripting Deadly Hands, Mantlo and artist George Pérez created White Tiger, around this time, Marvels then editor-in-chief Marv Wolfman instituted a policy to avoid the many missed deadlines plaguing the company. The policy was to have fill-in stories at the ready, should a titles be in danger of missing its deadline, Mantlo quickly became the fill-in king, creating stories under very tight deadlines, many of which did find their way into print. By the mid to late 1970s he had issues of nearly every Marvel title. Later, he became a writer at Marvel, notably for the licensed properties Micronauts and Rom, also known as Rom. Mantlo recalled how one Christmas, he examined some action figures from Mego Corporations Micronauts line, acroyear, faceless, his armor gleaming, a fantastic sword clenched in his coldly metallic hand, seemed to hearken back to a warrior Mr. Spock. For some reason Galactic Warrior seemed insect-like — I can almost hear clicks and whistles, convincing then editor-in-chief Jim Shooter to obtain the comics license for these toys, Mantlo was hired to script their series. Mantlo and artist Michael Golden created the Micronauts backstory of history, mythology, personalities, Micronauts, along with Moon Knight and Ka-Zar the Savage, became one of Marvels first ongoing series to be distributed exclusively to comic book stores beginning with issue #38. Mantlos first run on The Spectacular Spider-Man featured frequent appearances by the White Tiger and he used the series to wrap up unresolved plot elements from The Champions series and wrote a multiple-issue storyline that included the first work by artist Frank Miller on the Daredevil character. Mantlo concluded his first run on the series with a crossover with the Fantastic Four #218, Mantlo, Mark Gruenwald, and Steven Grant co-wrote Marvel Treasury Edition #25 which featured a new story starring Spider-Man vs. the Hulk set at the 1980 Winter Olympics. While writing The Champions he collaborated with artist Bob Hall, who said in 2013, I think we were both as enthusiastic as we could get about this particular comic, but more because we were working at Marvel than because of the book itself. Mantlo began writing The Incredible Hulk with issue #245 and his five-year run on the series was noted for his depiction of the Hulk as highly emotional and humanized, rather than bestial and savage. Among the adversaries he created for the series were the U-Foes, then Al Milgrom said, ‘Well, don’t accept this
22.
White Tiger (Hector Ayala)
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Note, This is not the same Hector Ayala as the respondent in the U. S. Supreme Court cade of Davis v. Ayala. White Tiger is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He was created by Bill Mantlo and George Pérez and he is the first Puerto Rican superhero in the history of comics, and Marvels first superhero of Hispanic descent. Hector is the uncle of Angela del Toro and the brother of Ava Ayala, first appearing in Deadly Hands of Kung Fu #19, White Tiger was created by Bill Mantlo and George Pérez. White Tiger received an entry in the original Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe #14 and he appeared as part of the Sons of the Tiger entry in the Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe Deluxe Edition #12. White Tiger received his own entry in the Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe Master Edition #11, Hector Ayala was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico. As a college student at New Yorks Empire State University, he discovered the tiger amulets that were formerly worn, donning all three amulets, he transformed into the superhuman White Tiger. He discovered that all the pendants at once increased his strength. In his alter-ego, Ayala went into action for the first time against a street gang and he then battled the Prowler, who believed him to be a murderer. The White Tiger battled the Jack of Hearts who also believed him to be behind his fathers murder, the White Tiger fought off unnamed costumed assailants of the Corporation crime cartel, who were threatening his sister and Jack of Hearts. Hector then encountered the Sons of the Tiger, Ayala was impersonated by Professor Vasquez, and battled Spider-Man in the confusion. Ayalas secret identity was later exposed by the villainous Lightmaster. Alongside Spider-Man and Daredevil, he battled the Masked Marauder, Darter. Ayala was later gunned down by Gideon Mace and nearly killed and he was operated upon to remove the bullets, and recovered. Having gained a psychological and physical addiction to the tiger amulets. He gave the amulets to a private detective nicknamed Blackbyrd, who returned them to the Sons of the Tiger, Hector then moved out west with his girlfriend Holly Gillis. After a while, the call to don the amulets and fight evil became too strong, soon after, Hector was wrongly accused of murder and convicted despite the efforts of his lawyer, Matt Murdock. Ayala was shot trying to escape, shortly before evidence emerged that belatedly proved his innocence
23.
Spider-Man
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Spider-Man is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was created by writer-editor Stan Lee and writer-artist Steve Ditko, when Spider-Man first appeared in the early 1960s, teenagers in superhero comic books were usually relegated to the role of sidekick to the protagonist. Marvel has featured Spider-Man in several book series, the first. In the 2010s, he joins the Avengers, Marvels flagship superhero team, Spider-Mans nemesis Doctor Octopus also took on the identity for a story arc spanning 2012–2014, following a body swap plot in which Peter appears to die. Spider-Man is one of the most popular and commercially successful superheroes, the character was first portrayed in live action by Nicholas Hammond in the 1977 television movie Spider-Man. Reeve Carney starred as Spider-Man in the 2010 Broadway musical Spider-Man, in 1962, with the success of the Fantastic Four, Marvel Comics editor and head writer Stan Lee was casting about for a new superhero idea. He said the idea for Spider-Man arose from a surge in demand for comic books. At that time Lee had to get only the consent of Marvel publisher Martin Goodman for the characters approval, in a 1986 interview, Lee described in detail his arguments to overcome Goodmans objections. In particular, Lee stated that the fact that it had already decided that Amazing Fantasy would be cancelled after issue #15 was the only reason Goodman allowed him to use Spider-Man. While this was indeed the issue, its editorial page anticipated the comic continuing. Will appear every month in Amazing, regardless, Lee received Goodmans approval for the name Spider-Man and the ordinary teen concept, and approached artist Jack Kirby. Lee and Kirby immediately sat down for a conference, Theakston writes. Steve Ditko would be the inker, when Kirby showed Lee the first six pages, Lee recalled, I hated the way he was doing it. Not that he did it badly—it just wasnt the character I wanted, Lee turned to Ditko, who developed a visual style Lee found satisfactory. Ditko recalled, One of the first things I did was to work up a costume, a vital, visual part of the character. I had to know how he looked, for example, A clinging power so he wouldnt have hard shoes or boots, a hidden wrist-shooter versus a web gun and holster, etc. I wasnt sure Stan would like the idea of covering the characters face and it would also add mystery to the character. Although the interior artwork was by Ditko alone, Lee rejected Ditkos cover art, as Lee explained in 2010, I think I had Jack sketch out a cover for it because I always had a lot of confidence in Jacks covers
24.
Tower of Shadows
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Tower of Shadows is a horror/fantasy anthology comic book published by American company Marvel Comics under this and a subsequent name from 1969 to 1975. The stories were generally hosted by either of the fictional characters Digger and it is unrelated to the novel The Tower of Shadows by Drew Bowling. After the ninth issue, the changed to Creatures on the Loose, publishing a mixture of sword and sorcery features, horror/fantasy reprints. After the ninth issue, the changed to Creatures on the Loose. At the Stroke of Midnight, writer-artist Jim Sterankos lead story in the premiere issue and its creation had led to a rift between the celebrated Steranko and editor Lee that caused Steranko to stop freelancing for Marvel, the publisher that had showcased his highly influential work. Lee had rejected Sterankos cover, and the two clashed over panel design, dialog, and the title, initially The Lurking Fear at Shadow House. According to Steranko at a 2006 panel and elsewhere, Lee disliked or did not understand the homage to horror author H. P. Lovecraft, after much conflict, Steranko either quit or was fired. Lee phoned him about a later, after the two had cooled down, and Steranko would return to produce several covers for Marvel from 1972-73. In a contemporaneous interview, conducted November 14,1969, Steranko reflected on the tiff and they changed certain things that I didnt feel should be changed. And I insisted that we couldnt continue on that basis, for example, my horror story At the Stroke of Midnight had a line of dialogue added. The meek husband said, Im nervous because its closer to midnight or something like that and it wasnt my title and it didnt have that line in it. Stan originally wanted that story to be called Let Them Eat Cake and we had disagreements about the way I told stories. If youre a publisher and you want my work, you get it my way or you dont get it at all, anyway, I have an agreement now, a working agreement with them, and everythings cool. A Lovecraft story, The Terrible Old Man, appeared two issues later, adapted by writer Roy Thomas and penciler Windsor-Smith. Additionally, Thomas and Tom Palmer — a renowned inker in an example of his penciling and inking — adapted the Lovecraft story Pickmans Model in issue #9. Marvel also published the all-reprint Tower of Shadows King-Size Special #1, retitled Creatures on the Loose with issue #10, this version led off with a seven-page King Kull story by Thomas and artist Bernie Wrightson. Arnold in his 1905 book Lieut, following another issue by Thomas and one by Gerry Conway, science fiction novelist George Alec Effinger wrote the final three installments. Effinger continued as writer for the series that followed, in issue #22
25.
John Jameson (comics)
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John Jonah Jameson III is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. John Jameson debuted in The Amazing Spider-Man #1, and was created by Stan Lee and this first story introduces the character as a prominent astronaut. During his lengthy stint on The Amazing Spider-Man during the 1970s, writer Gerry Conway had Jameson turned into a werewolf, Conway explained, Id wanted to do something with for a long time. I felt like he was a character whod gotten lost over the years, also, at this point, its 1973, John Jameson is an astronaut, and weve been to the moon, so I asked myself, What would we do with that in Spider-Mans world. And that was how it played out and it also added another layer of tension to Spider-Mans relationship with J. Jonah Jameson. As a writer, you want to find a way to increase the pressure on the main character. Consequently, anything that could make Jonahs hatred of Spider-Man more intense, as the Man-Wolf, Jameson was the lead feature in Creatures on the Loose #30 to #37. John Jonah Jameson III was born in New York City and he is the son of J. Jonah Jameson, the irascible, gruff publisher of the Daily Bugle. Jonah is immensely proud of his son, whom he sees as a true hero, on a later mission, Jameson was infected with spores that gave him super-strength, but strained his body and mind. He was forced to wear a strength-restraining Jupiter suit and battled Spider-Man at his fathers urging before recovering and calling himself Colonel Jupiter and his father convinced him to go after Spider-Man, who had been seen apparently robbing a bank. The web-slinger outsmarted him, and Jonah soon learned that Spider-Man was saving the bank from a bomb, however, John didnt care about the misunderstanding, he was really out for revenge. Spider-Man managed to neutralize the spores with electricity, returning Jameson to normal, while he was on the moon, Jameson found the mystical Godstone, an other-dimensional ruby. The jewel grafted itself to his throat and extended tendrils through his body, Moonlight activated the gem, which transformed him into the lycanthropic Man-Wolf, and he fought Spider-Man in this bestial form. The ruby was removed by Spider-Man, some time after that, the ruby was reattached to John by Morbius, the Living Vampire who used the Man-Wolf as a pawn so Morbius could find a cure for himself. Man-Wolf was again thwarted by Spider-Man, later, he was transported to the dimension known as Other Realm, from which the ruby originated and the source of the radiation that transforms John into the Man-Wolf. It was revealed that the ruby was created by the dying Stargod to pass on his powers, while on Earth Jameson could only partially transform, resulting in his berserk behavior. While in the Other Realm he could transform, resulting in retention of his human consciousness while in lupine form. He took up the mantle of Stargod, and acted as champion of the Other Realm and he fought his foes with a sword, dagger, and longbow in this incarnation
26.
Inhumans
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The Inhumans are a fictional race of superhumans appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The Inhumans first appeared in Fantastic Four #45, though members Medusa and their home, the city of Attilan, was first mentioned years earlier, in a Tuk the Caveboy story written and drawn by Jack Kirby that appeared in Captain America Comics #1. The city was described as the home of a race that was advanced when human beings were still in the Stone Age. The Inhuman Royal Family had been adapted to numerous Marvel animated series, Inhuman characters were introduced in live-action in the second season of Agents of S. H. I. E. L. D. While the Inhuman Royal Family will be featured in the TV series Inhumans, the Inhumans first appeared in Fantastic Four #45. The Inhumans appeared as a feature in Thor #146 to #152. They then fought the Silver Surfer in Silver Surfer #18 and starred in Amazing Adventures #1 to #10, the characters received their own self-titled series in October 1975. This ran for 12 issues and ended in August 1977, an Inhumans limited series by Paul Jenkins and Jae Lee ran for 12 issues from November 1998-October 1999. A four-issue limited series by writers Carlos Pacheco and Rafael Marín, the fourth volume concentrated largely on new characters within the Inhumans society. In 2007, the Inhumans featured in the Silent War limited series by writer David Hine, and artist Frazer Irving. The 2013 event, Infinity, led to changes in status quo for the group, with many new Inhumans, or NuHumans. Writer Charles Soule became the writer of the Inhuman franchise, starting with the Inhuman series. The NuHuman Kamala Khan also becomes the lead of her own title, following the Secret Wars event, the franchise expands to two ongoing titles, Uncanny Inhumans and All-New Inhumans, and an additional solo title, Karnak. At the beginning of the Kree-Skrull War, millions of years ago in Earth time, the alien Kree established a station on the planet Uranus, a strategic position between the Kree and Skrull empires. Through their work at this station, they discovered that sentient life on nearby Earth had genetic potential invested in it by the alien Celestials, intrigued, the Kree began to experiment on Earths then-primitive Homo sapiens to produce the genetically advanced Inhuman race. Their goal was apparently twofold—to investigate possible ways of circumventing their own evolutionary stagnation and their test subjects, the Inhumans, went on to form a society of their own, which thrived in seclusion from the rest of humanity and developed advanced technology. Experiments with the mutagenic Terrigen Mist gave them powers, but caused lasting genetic damage. This led to a selective breeding program in an attempt to mitigate the effects of these mutations
27.
Fantastic Four (comic book)
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The Fantastic Four is a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The group debuted in The Fantastic Four #1, which helped to usher in a new level of realism in the medium. As the first superhero team title produced by Marvel Comics, it formed a cornerstone of the companys 1960s rise from a division of a publishing company to a pop culture conglomerate. Since their original 1961 introduction, the Fantastic Four have been portrayed as a dysfunctional, yet loving. Breaking convention with other comic book archetypes of the time, they would squabble, the Fantastic Four have been adapted into other media, including four animated series and four live-action films. According to Lee, writing in 1974, Martin mentioned that he had noticed one of the published by National Comics seemed to be selling better than most. It was a book called The Justice League of America and it was composed of a team of superheroes, if the Justice League is selling, spoke he, why dont we put out a comic book that features a team of superheroes. Determined to carve a career for myself in the nowhere world of comic books, Lee concluded that, For just this once. Lee said he created a synopsis for the first Fantastic Four story that he gave to penciller Jack Kirby, Kirby turned in his penciled art pages to Lee, who added dialogue and captions. Kirby claims he came up with the idea for the Fantastic Four in Marvels offices, Kirby also sought to establish, more credibly and on numerous occasions, that the visual elements of the strip were his conceptions. He regularly pointed to a team he had created for rival publisher DC Comics in the 1950s, F you notice the uniforms, theyre the same. I always give them a skintight uniform with a belt, the Challengers and the FF have a minimum of decoration. And of course, the Things skin is a kind of decoration, the chest insignia of a 4 within a circle, however, was designed by Lee. The characters wear no uniforms in the first two issues, given the conflicting statements, outside commentators have found it hard to identify with precise detail who created the Fantastic Four. Comics historian R. C. Harvey believes that the Fantastic Four was a furtherance of the work Kirby had been doing previously, but Harvey notes that the Marvel Method of collaboration allowed each man to claim credit, and that Lees dialogue added to the direction the team took. Wells argues that it was Lees contributions which set the framework within which Kirby worked, and this made Lee more responsible. Comics historian Mark Evanier, an assistant to Jack Kirby in the 1970s, says that the considered opinion of Lee and Kirbys contemporaries was that Fantastic Four was created by Stan. No further division of credit seemed appropriate, the release of The Fantastic Four #1 was an unexpected success
28.
Roy Thomas
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Roy William Thomas, Jr. is an American comic book writer and editor, who was Stan Lees first successor as editor-in-chief of Marvel Comics. Thomas was inducted into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2011, Thomas was born in Jackson, Missouri, United States. As a child, he was a comic book fan. The first of these was All-Giant Comics, which he recalls as having featured such characters as Elephant Giant and he graduated from Southeast Missouri State University in 1961 with a BS in Education, having majored in history and social science. Thomas, then a high school English teacher, took over as editor in 1964 when Bails moved on to other pursuits. Letters from him appeared regularly in the pages of both DC and Marvel Comics, including The Flash #116, Fantastic Four #5, Fantastic Four #15. In 1965, Thomas moved to New York City to take a job at DC Comics as assistant to Mort Weisinger, Thomas had already written a Jimmy Olsen script a few months before, while still living and teaching in the St. Louis area, he said in 2005. I worked at DC for eight days in late June and very early July of 1965 before accepting a job at Marvel Comics, the Marvel Bullpen Bulletins in Fantastic Four #61 describes Thomas admitting that he gave up a scholarship to George Washington University just to write for Marvel. Familiar with editor and chief writer Stan Lees Marvel work, and feeling them the most vital comics around, Thomas just sat down one night at the hotel and – I wrote him a letter. Not applying for a job or anything so mundane as that – I just said that I admired his work, I figured he just might remember me from Alter Ego. Lee did, and phoned Thomas to offer him a Marvel writing test, the writers test, Thomas said in 1998, was four Jack Kirby pages from Fantastic Four Annual #2. Had Sol or someone take out the dialogue, other people like Denny ONeil and Gary Friedrich took it. But soon afterwards we stopped using it, the day after taking the test, Thomas was at DC, proofreading a Supergirl story, when Steinberg called asking Thomas to meet with Lee during lunch, where Thomas agreed to work for Marvel. His employment was announced in the Bullpen Bulletins section of Fantastic Four #47 under the heading How About That, Thomas later described his early days at Marvel, I was hired after taking writers test, and my first official job title at Marvel was staff writer. I wasnt hired as an editor or assistant editor, I was supposed to come in 40 hours a week and write scripts on staff. I sat at this corrugated metal desk with a typewriter in an office with production manager Sol Brodsky. Everybody who came up to Marvel wound up there, and the phone was constantly ringing, with conversations going on all around me. Almost at once, even though Stan proofed all the stories, he and Sol started having me check the corrections before they went out
29.
Impossible Man
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The Impossible Man is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He first appeared in Fantastic Four #11, and was created by writer Stan Lee, the Impossible Man has been featured in other Marvel-endorsed products such as action figures, arcade and video games, animated television series, and merchandise such as trading cards. The Impossible Man is a Poppupian from the planet Poppup and has shapeshifting abilities, the Impossible Man character is mainly used for comedy, portrayed as a lonely, attention seeking alien that often annoy those around him, especially the Fantastic Four. At one point he was able to defeat Galactus by tricking him, over the years Impossible Man created a wife called The Impossible Woman and also had a son named Adolf Impossible. The Impossible Man has made appearances in Marvel Cartoon series, including the 1978 and 1994 Fantastic Four series as well as Fantastic Four. He has also guest starred on The Super Hero Squad Show, Avengers Assemble and Hulk, the Impossible Man first appeared in Fantastic Four #11, and was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby. When the Impossible Man first appeared, he was different from previous guest stars in that he was not a villain, the team first meet him at the Flamingo restaurant when they are summoned there to investigate a disturbance. Seeking amusement, the character visits Earth for a vacation by turning himself into a spaceship and he gets his name after the Thing claims he is impossible. The character does not appear again until 1976, since the Poppupians were a shared consciousness they were happy to sacrifice their planet to stop Galactus, knowing that their culture would live on in the embodiment of its most adventurous member. The Impossible Man then makes an appearance at the offices of Marvel Comics. He offers peripheral assistance to the Fantastic Four when they are trapped in the Negative Zone by the Frightful Four and he later saves the Invisible Woman from a fall and becomes fascinated with Earth movies. During the course of the storyline, the character recovers and, courtesy of his abilities, mimics and defeats Klaw in turn, the character continued his trend of general disruption during a visit to Hollywood with the Invisible Girl. After helping the Thing defeat several villains at a party, the Impossible Man observes the Thing with his partner Alicia Masters, the character then decides to reproduce - here an asexual process - by splitting in two. This creates fellow Poppupian the Impossible Woman, the pair later attempt to recreate their race and create the Impossible Kids, with the entire family visiting the Thing. The Impossible Man finds and teases the cosmic being the Silver Surfer on two occasions, pleading for him to develop a sense of humor before battling the titan Thanos, the Impossible Man and the Poppupians make a cameo appearance in Noh-Varrs origin story. The Impossible Man returns to Earth disguised as the Silver Surfer, the Impossible Mans race are also revealed to have survived, with their consciousness stored inside the character. With the aid of the Fantastic Four, the aliens and the newly-reborn Poppupians are transported off world, Impossible Mans last words were I thought we were just playing around. Impossible Man returns to Earth where he witnesses a battle between Hulk, Red Hulk, and Xemnu, Impossible Man uses his magic to combine Hulk and Red Hulk into the Compound Hulk
30.
Len Wein
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Len Wein is an American comic book writer and editor best known for co-creating DC Comics Swamp Thing and Marvel Comics Wolverine, and for helping revive the Marvel superhero team the X-Men. Additionally, he was the editor for writer Alan Moore and illustrator Dave Gibbons influential DC miniseries Watchmen, Wein was inducted into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2008. Wein was born in New York City, and was raised in a Jewish household, in a 2003 interview, Len Wein recalled that he was a very sickly kid. While I was in the hospital at age seven, my dad brought me a stack of books to keep me occupied. Approximately once a month, as a teenager, Wein and his friend Marv Wolfman took DC Comics weekly Thursday afternoon tour of the companys offices, Wolfman was active in fanzine culture, and together he and Wein produced sample superhero stories to show to the DC editorial staff. At that point, Wein was more interested in becoming an artist than a writer, eventually, DC editor Joe Orlando hired both Wolfman and Wein as freelance writers. Weins first professional comics story was Eye of the Beholder in DCs Teen Titans No,18, for which he co-created with Wolfman Red Star, the first official Russian superhero in the DC universe. Neal Adams was called upon to rewrite and redraw a Teen Titans story which had written by Wein. The story, titled Titans Fit the Battle of Jericho, would have introduced DCs first African American superhero but was rejected by publisher Carmine Infantino. The revised story appeared in Teen Titans No.20, later that year, Wein was writing anthological mystery stories for DCs The House of Secrets and Marvels Tower of Shadows and Chamber of Darkness. Weins first superhero work for Marvel was a story in Daredevil No.71 co-written with staff writer/editor Roy Thomas. Wein and artist Bernie Wrightson created the horror character Swamp Thing in The House of Secrets No.92, abigail Arcane, a major supporting character in the characters mythos was introduced by Wein and Wrightson in Swamp Thing No.3. Wein wrote the story featuring Man-Thing, introducing Barbara Morse and the concept that Whoever Knows Fear Burns at the Man-Things Touch. In the fall of 1972, Wein and writers Gerry Conway, each comic featured Englehart, Conway, and Wein, as well as Weins first wife Glynis, interacting with Marvel or DC characters at the Rutland Halloween Parade in Rutland, Vermont. 16, the story continued in Justice League of America No,103, and concluded in Thor No.207. As Englehart explained in 2010, It certainly seemed like a concept and we knew that we had to be subtle and each story had to stand on its own. Libra, a supervillain created by Wein and Dillin in Justice League of America No,111, would play a leading role in Grant Morrisons Final Crisis storyline in 2008. Wein co-created the Human Target with artist Carmine Infantino and wrote the characters appearances as a feature in Action Comics, Detective Comics, and The Brave
31.
Marv Wolfman
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Marvin Arthur Marv Wolfman is an American comic book writer. Marv Wolfman was born in Brooklyn, New York City, the son of police officer Abe and he has a sister, Harriet,12 years older. When Wolfman was 13, his family moved to Flushing, Queens, in New York City and he went on to New Yorks High School of Art and Design, in Manhattan, hoping to become a cartoonist. Marvin Wolfman was active in fandom before he began his comics career at DC Comics in 1968. Wolfman was one of the first to publish Stephen King, with In A Half-World of Terror in Wolfmans horror fanzine Stories of Suspense #2. This was revised version of Kings first published story, I Was a Teenage Grave Robber, Wolfmans first published work for DC Comics appeared in Blackhawk No.242. He and longtime friend Len Wein created the character Jonny Double in Showcase No.78 scripted by Wolfman, the two co-wrote Eye of the Beholder in Teen Titans No. 18, which would be Weins first professional comics credit, neal Adams was called upon to rewrite and redraw a Teen Titans story which had been written by Wein and Wolfman. The story, titled Titans Fit the Battle of Jericho, would have introduced DCs first African American superhero, but was rejected by publisher Carmine Infantino. The revised story appeared in Teen Titans No.20, Wolfman and Gil Kane created an origin for Wonder Girl in Teen Titans No.22 which introduced the characters new costume. He and artist Bernie Wrightson co-created Destiny in Weird Mystery Tales No,1, a character which would later be used in the work of Neil Gaiman. In 1972, Wolfman moved to Marvel Comics as a protégé of then-editor Roy Thomas, when Thomas stepped down, Wolfman eventually took over as editor, initially in charge of the publishers black-and-white magazines, then finally the color line of comics. Wolfman said in 1981 that, Marvel never gave full commitment to the black-and-white line, No one wanted to commit themselves to the staff. He added, We used to farm the books out to Harry Chester Studios and whatever they pasted up, I formed the first production staff, hired the first layout people, paste-up people. Wolfman stepped down as editor-in-chief in order to more time writing. He and artist Gene Colan crafted The Tomb of Dracula, a comic that became one of the most critically-acclaimed horror-themed comic books ever. During their run on this series, they created Blade, a character who would later be portrayed by actor Wesley Snipes in a film trilogy, Wolfman co-created Bullseye in Daredevil No.131. He and artist John Buscema created Nova in that characters eponymous first issue, Wolfman and Gil Kane adapted Edgar Rice Burroughs Barsoom concepts into comics in Marvels John Carter, Warlord of Mars series
32.
Jim Shooter
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James Jim Shooter is an American writer, occasional fill-in artist, editor, and publisher for various comic books. Jim Shooter was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to parents Ken and Eleanor Ellie Shooter, Shooter read comics as a child, though he stopped when he was about eight years old. His interest in the medium was rekindled in 1963, at the age of twelve, through the comics in the childrens ward of the hospital where he convalesced after undergoing minor surgery. He found the DC Comics stories to be similar to the DC stories he had read, but was impressed with the style of the Marvel Comics. At age 13, in mid-1965, he wrote and drew stories featuring the Legion of Superheroes, and sent them in to DC Comics. On February 10,1966, he received a call from Mort Weisinger, who wanted to purchase the stories Shooter had sent. Weisinger eventually offered Shooter a regular position on Legion, and wanted Shooter to come to New York to spend a couple of days in his office. According to Shooter, his father earned little as a steelworker. Shooter reflected in a 2010 interview, My family needed the money, I was doing this because I had to, working my way through high school to help keep my family alive. At 14, Shooter began selling stories to DC Comics, writing for both Action Comics and Adventure Comics, beginning with Adventure Comics No,346, and providing pencil breakdowns as well. He also created the Superman villain the Parasite in Action Comics No.340, Shooter and artist Curt Swan devised the first race between the Flash and Superman, two characters known for their super-speed powers, in Supermans Race With the Flash. in Superman No.199. Shooter wrote the first issue of Captain Action, which was DCs first toy tie-in, in 1969 Shooter was accepted into New York University, but after graduating from high school he successfully applied for a job at Marvel Comics. Unable to pursue both his studies and work for Marvel, he decided against going to New York University, an interview for a Legion of Super-Heroes fanzine led to his again applying to both Marvel and DC. In December of 1975, Marvel editor-in-chief Marv Wolfman called to him an editorial position. In the mid-1970s, Marvel Comics was undergoing a series of changes in the position of Editor-in-Chief, on January 2,1976, Shooter joined the Marvel staff as an assistant editor and writer. With the quick turnover at the top, Shooter rapidly found himself rising in the ranks, in 1981, Shooter brought Marvel into the lucrative comic book specialty shop market with Dazzler #1. Subsequent issues of Dazzler, however, were sold through newsstand accounts as well, Dazzler was the first direct sales-only ongoing series from a major publisher, other Marvel titles, such as Marvel Fanfare and Ka-Zar, soon followed. Later that same year, Shooter wrote Marvel Treasury Edition No.28 which featured the second Superman and Spider-Man intercompany crossover, despite his success in revitalizing Marvel, Shooter angered and alienated a number of long-time Marvel creators by insisting on strong editorial control and strict adherence to deadlines
33.
Korvac
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Michael Korvac is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character first appears in Giant-Size Defenders #3 and was created by Steve Gerber, Korvac debuted in Giant-Size Defenders #3, and according to creator Gerber, The character really was a throwaway, created for one story. And I never intended to bring him back, because, among other things, I still think it sounds more like a vacuum cleaner than a villain. Korvac reappeared in Thor Annual #6, with the story a prelude to the Korvac Saga in Avengers #159,167,168,170 -177, the eleven issues were written by Jim Shooter and David Michelinie, with art by George Pérez and David Wenzel. A trade paperback edition reprinted the Korvac Saga in 1991, and included a new epilogue written by Mark Gruenwald, although the revised conclusion cast Korvac as a villain, it was removed by editor Tom Brevoort when reprinted as Avengers Legends Volume 2, The Korvac Saga in 2003. Korvac reappeared briefly in Avengers Annual #16 and he is heavily referenced in a 1991 summer annual crossover storyline, Fantastic Four Annual #24, Thor Annual #16, Silver Surfer Annual #4 and Guardians of the Galaxy Annual #1. The character returned in Captain America vol, Korvac also appeared in both volumes of the alternate universe title What If. in issues #32 and vol. Korvac made a return to the mainstream 616 universe in Avengers Academy #11, to tie-in with the movie Captain America, The First Avenger, an all-ages retelling of the Korvac Saga was issued in December 2010 and ended in March 2011 titled Captain America, The Korvac Saga. The story was condensed and focused primarily on Captain America journeying to the future in pursuit of Korvac with the help of Nikki, Michael Korvac is a computer technician in the alternate universe Earth-691. When the Sol System and its colonies are conquered by the alien Brotherhood of Badoon in the year 3007 AD, caught asleep at a machine while working, the Badoon punish Korvac by grafting his upper body to a machine, effectively making him a cyborg. Korvac is then transported through time by the Elder of the Universe the Grandmaster, who utilizes him as a pawn in battling the hero Doctor Strange and the Defenders. It is eventually revealed that Korvac deliberately lost the fight so he can be able to discreetly scan, gaining several new abilities from this analysis, Korvac then kills his Badoon masters and plans to conquer the cosmos. Korvac recruits a group of aliens called the Minions of Menace and attempts to cause Earths sun to go nova, but is defeated by the Guardians of the Galaxy, Korvac flees across time and space to the Earth-616 universe. Upon arrival, Korvac discovers the station of the entity Galactus. While attempting to download the knowledge of Galactus from the station into his own system, Korvac is imbued with the Power Cosmic and becomes god-like. Korvac then recreates himself as a humanoid form, and posing as a human called Michael. Korvac, however, is pursued by the Guardians of the Galaxy, guardian member Starhawk finds Korvac and battles him in secret. Korvac, however, disintegrates Starhawk and then him
34.
United States National Security Council
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Since its inception under Harry S. Truman, the function of the Council has been to advise and assist the president on national security and foreign policies. The Council also serves as the principal arm for coordinating these policies among various government agencies. The Council has counterparts in the national security councils of other nations. The National Security Council was created in 1947 by the National Security Act and it was created because policymakers felt that the diplomacy of the State Department was no longer adequate to contain the USSR in light of the tension between the Soviet Union and the United States. On May 26,2009, President Barack Obama merged the White House staff supporting the Homeland Security Council, the HSC and NSC each continue to exist by statute as bodies supporting the President. The name of the organization was changed back to National Security Council Staff in 2014. On April 5,2017, President Trump removed Steve Bannon from the Security Council, however, Chief of Staff Reince Priebus clarified the next day that they still are invited to attend meetings. The reorganization also placed the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development as a permanent member of the Deputies Committee, later in 1949, as part of the Reorganization Plan, the Council was placed in the Executive Office of the President. The High Value Detainee Interrogation Group also reports to the NSC, a secret National Security Council panel pursues the killing of an individual, including American citizens, who has been called a suspected terrorist. In this case, no record of this decision or any operation to kill the suspect will be made available. Reuters has reported that Anwar al-Awlaki, an American citizen, was on such a kill list and was killed accordingly, the National Security Council is chaired by the President. Its members are the Vice President, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, the National Security Advisor, and the Secretary of the Treasury. The Chief of Staff to the President, Counsel to the President, the Attorney General, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget and The Director of the Central Intelligence Agency are invited to attend meetings pertaining to their responsibilities. The heads of executive departments and agencies, as well as other senior officials, are invited to attend meetings of the NSC when appropriate. The Principals Committee of the National Security Council is the Cabinet-level senior interagency forum consideration of security policy issues. The Principals Committee is convened and chaired by the National Security Advisor, the National Security Council Deputies Committee is the senior sub-Cabinet interagency forum for consideration of national security policy issues. The Deputies Committee is also responsible for reviewing and monitoring the national security process including for establishing and directing the Policy Coordination Committees. The Deputies Committee is convened and chaired by the Deputy National Security Advisor or the Deputy Homeland Security Advisor, the Executive Secretary and the Deputy White House Counsel also attend
35.
Taskmaster (comics)
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Taskmaster is a fictional supervillain, and sometimes an antihero, who appears in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character first appeared in The Avengers vol.1 #195, introduced as an enemy of the Avengers, Taskmaster went on to feature in numerous Marvel titles, most notably as an enemy/ally of Deadpool. He is often depicted as a mercenary hired as an instructor by various criminal organizations. In Taskmaster vol.2 #3, the character was revealed to be an agent of S. H. I. E. L. D. Planted by Nick Fury to gather intelligence in the criminal underworld, the Taskmaster first appeared briefly in The Avengers #195, before making his full debut in Avengers #196. The Taskmaster appeared in his own limited series Taskmaster vol.1 #1–4 which was followed by a role in Agent X #1–15. Age of Heroes #3 provided the prologue for the Taskmasters second limited series Taskmaster vol.2 #1–4, in 2011 Taskmaster got his first solo graphic novel collecting a four-issue story—Taskmaster, Unthinkable. Following Marvels relaunch, Taskmaster joined a new team of Secret Avengers, Taskmaster is a mysterious figure believed to have been born in Brooklyn, New York City. He has the ability to mimic the movements of anyone he witnesses. He claims that he has had this ability since childhood, initially portrayed as a villain, he has also been shown training U. S. Agent and other superheroes at the behest of the US government. A mercenary, he has no ideology except that of his employer, due to his ability to imitate the techniques and armory of other heroes and villains, Taskmaster has occasionally been used to impersonate other characters. Tony Masters first demonstrated unusual abilities during childhood, after watching a cowboy show on television, he found himself able to duplicate the sophisticated rope tricks he had just watched the cowboy perform. Psychiatrists, called in at the mothers request, determined that the boy had a form of memory which they called photographic reflexes. He employed his power several times during his youth for personal gain, upon graduation, he briefly considered a career as a crime fighter, but opted instead to be a professional criminal, which he perceived to be far more lucrative. He then began a program of observing the fighting techniques of a number of costumed heroes. He initially used his skills to execute several successful grand larcenies. He decided to use his stolen capital to establish a center for training aspiring criminals to turn into polished professionals and his goal was to become a supplier for criminal organizations around the world
36.
Dick Giordano
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Dick Giordano, an only child, was born in New York City on July 20,1932, in the borough of Manhattan to Josephine and Graziano Jack Giordano. He attended the School of Industrial Art, Giordanos artwork from Charltons Strange Suspense Stories was used as inspiration for artist Roy Lichtensteins 1965/1966 Brushstroke series, including Brushstroke, Big Painting No. 6, Little Big Painting and Yellow and Green Brushstrokes, by the mid-1960s a Charlton veteran, Giordano rose to executive editor, succeeding Pat Masulli, by 1965. Many of these included new talent Giordano brought on board, including Jim Aparo, Dennis ONeil. Giordano was given several title such as Teen Titans, Aquaman and Young Love and he launched the horror comics series The Witching Hour in March 1969. and the Western series All-Star Western vol.2 in September 1970. He continued to freelance for DC as a penciler and inker, as an artist, Giordano was best known as an inker. His inking was particularly associated with the pencils of Neal Adams, for their run in the early 1970s on the titles Batman, several comics artists began their careers at Continuity and many were mentored by Giordano during their time there. He had a run as penciler of the Wonder Woman series which included a two-issue story in issues #202–203 written by science-fiction author Samuel R. Delany. Giordano inked the large-format, first DC/Marvel intercompany crossover, Superman vs. the Amazing Spider-Man, Giordano inked Adams on the one-shot Superman vs. Muhammad Ali in 1978. In 1980, DC publisher Jenette Kahn brought Giordano back to DC, initially the editor of the Batman titles, Giordano was named the companys new managing editor in 1981, and promoted to vice president/executive editor in 1983, a position he held until 1993. DC Comics writer and executive Paul Levitz observed in 2010 that Giordano held the respect of talent as one of their own, Giordano provided art for several anniversary issues of key DC titles. He and television writer Alan Brennert crafted the story To Kill a Legend in Detective Comics #500 and this was followed by Frank Millers Batman, The Dark Knight Returns and Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons Watchmen in 1986. From 1983 to 1987, Giordano wrote a column published in DC titles called Meanwhile. Which much like Marvels Bullpen Bulletins featured news and information about the company, unlike Bullpen Bulletins, which was characterized by an ironic, over-hyped tone, Giordanos columns. Were written in a sober, absolutely friendly voice, like a friend of your fathers you particularly liked. Column with the words, Thank you and good afternoon. Giordano inked six issues of The Sandman in 1991-1993, beginning in 1987, Giordano was in the middle of an industry-wide debate about the comics industry, ratings systems, and creators rights. Veteran writers Mike Friedrich, Steven Grant, and Roger Slifer all cited Giordano in particular for his stance on behalf of DC
37.
DC Comics
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DC Comics, Inc. is an American comic book publisher. It is the unit of DC Entertainment, a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Entertainment, Inc. a division of Time Warner, the company has also published non-DC Universe-related material, including Watchmen, V for Vendetta and many titles under their alternative imprint Vertigo. The initials DC came from the popular series Detective Comics. Random House distributes DC Comics books to the market, while Diamond Comic Distributors supplies the comics shop specialty market. DC Comics and its major, longtime competitor Marvel Comics together shared 70% of the American comic book market in 2016, entrepreneur Major Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson founded National Allied Publications in autumn 1934. The company debuted with the tabloid-sized New Fun, The Big Comic Magazine #1 with a date of February 1935. That title evolved into Adventure Comics, which continued through issue #503 in 1983, in 2009 DC revived Adventure Comics with its original numbering. In 1935, Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster, the creators of Superman, created Doctor Occult. Wheeler-Nicholsons third and final title, Detective Comics, advertised with a cover illustration dated December 1936, the themed anthology series would become a sensation with the introduction of Batman in issue #27. By then, however, Wheeler-Nicholson had gone, Detective Comics, Inc. was formed, with Wheeler-Nicholson and Jack S. Liebowitz, Donenfelds accountant, listed as owners. Major Wheeler-Nicholson remained for a year, but cash-flow problems continued, shortly afterward, Detective Comics, Inc. purchased the remains of National Allied, also known as Nicholson Publishing, at a bankruptcy auction. Detective Comics, Inc. soon launched a fourth title, Action Comics, Action Comics #1, the first comic book to feature the new character archetype—soon known as superheroes—proved a sales hit. The company quickly introduced such popular characters as the Sandman and Batman. That year, Gaines let Liebowitz buy him out, and kept only Picture Stories from the Bible as the foundation of his own new company, at that point, Liebowitz promptly orchestrated the merger of All-American and Detective Comics into National Comics. Next he took charge of organizing National Comics, Independent News, National Periodical Publications became publicly traded on the stock market in 1961. The company began to move aggressively against what it saw as copyright-violating imitations from other companies, such as Fox Comics Wonder Man and this extended to DC suing Fawcett Comics over Captain Marvel, at the time comics top-selling character. Despite the fact that parallels between Captain Marvel and Superman seemed more tenuous, the courts ruled that substantial and deliberate copying of copyrighted material had occurred, faced with declining sales and the prospect of bankruptcy if it lost, Fawcett capitulated in 1955 and ceased comics publication
38.
Justice League
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The Justice League, also known as the Justice League of America, is a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. The Justice League was conceived by writer Gardner Fox, and first appeared in The Brave, the team is an assemblage of superheroes who join together as the Justice League. The seven original members were Batman, Aquaman, the Flash, Green Lantern, Martian Manhunter, Superman, and Wonder Woman. The team roster has rotated throughout the years, consisting of many superheroes from the DC Universe like Atom, Black Canary, Shazam, Green Arrow, Hawkman, Cyborg, the Justice League received its own comic book title called Justice League of America in November 1960. With the 2011 relaunch of its titles, DC Comics released a volume of Justice League. In July 2016, the DC Rebirth initiative relaunched the Justice League comic book titles with the volume of Justice League. Since its inception, the team has featured in various television programs. Various comic book featuring the Justice League have remained generally popular with fans since inception and, in most incarnations. A live-action film was also in the works around 2008 before being shelved, on June 6,2012, Warner Bros. announced a new live action Justice League film was in development with Will Beall hired as screenwriter. However, the project was scrapped again, after the success of the Superman reboot Man of Steel, a film titled Batman v Superman, Dawn of Justice was released in March 2016, directed by Zack Snyder. Batman v Superman script writer Chris Terrio has also penned the script for Justice League, in a story told in flashback in Justice League of America #9, the Appelaxians infiltrated Earth. Competing alien warriors were sent to see who could conquer Earth first, the aliens attacks drew the attentions of Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, Flash, Green Lantern, Aquaman, and Martian Manhunter. While the superheroes individually defeated most of the invaders, the heroes fell prey to a single competitors attack, for many years, the heroes heralded this adventure as the event that prompted them to agree to pool resources when confronted with similar menaces. When the group formalized their agreement, they suppressed news of it because of anti-Martian hysteria, while most subsequent accounts of the League have made little mention of this first adventure, the animated Justice League series adapted this tale as the origin of the Justice League as well. Secret Origins #32 updated Justice League of America #9s origin for post-Crisis continuity, differences included the inclusion of the Silver Age Black Canary as a founding member and the absence of Batman, Wonder Woman and Superman. The JLA, Year One limited series, by Mark Waid, Brian Augustyn and Barry Kitson, in Justice League Task Force #16, during Zero Hour, a then unknown superhuman named Triumph appeared. Triumph was revealed to have been a member of the Justice League and was their leader. On his first mission with the Justice League, Triumph seemingly saved the world but was teleported into a limbo that also affected the timestream
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Dick Dillin
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Richard Allen Dick Dillin was an American comic book artist best known for a 12-year run as the penciler of the DC Comics superhero-team series Justice League of America. He drew 115 issues from 1968 until his death in 1980, Dick Dillin was born in Watertown, New York. Determined since childhood to draw for comics, Dillin graduated from Watertown High School to become an art student at Syracuse University on the G. I, bill, following his military service with the 8th U. S. Army in Tokyo, Yokohama, and Okinawa. Sometime after marrying wife Estella in 1948, Dillin left his job at a Watertown manufacturer of air brakes for trains, and sought an art career in New York City. Six months later, after having done magazine illustration and other art and gaining a foothold at Fawcett Comics and Fiction House, he relocated his family to suburban Peekskill. Dillins art at Fawcett and Fiction House led to drawing for Quality Comics and he worked particularly on the popular title Blackhawk but also on G. I. Combat, Love Confessions, and Love Secrets and he had completed the first 2½ pages of #184 when he died, penciler George Pérez and inker Frank McLaughlin took over the title, starting that issue from scratch. Dillins tenure on JLA included the reintroduction of Red Tornado and he and writer Dennis ONeil made several changes to the membership of the JLA by removing founding members Wonder Woman and the Martian Manhunter. They also oversaw the migration of the Black Canary from Earth-2 to Earth-1, in the fall of 1972, Dillin drew the DC chapter of a metafictional unofficial crossover crafted by writers Wein, Steve Englehart, and Gerry Conway spanning titles from both major comics companies. Each comic featured Englehart, Conway, and Wein, as well as Weins first wife Glynis, interacting with Marvel or DC characters at the Rutland Halloween Parade in Rutland, Vermont. Beginning in Amazing Adventures #16, the story continued in Justice League of America #103, Wein and Dillin created the supervillain Libra in Justice League of America #111, who would play a leading role in Grant Morrisons Final Crisis storyline in 2008. Dillin drew the return of Wonder Woman to the team in issues #128-129 and he and writer Steve Englehart crafted a new origin story for the JLA in issue #144 and inducted Hawkgirl into the team two issue later. Dillin and writer Bob Haney created the Super-Sons, Superman Jr. and he drew several Green Lantern backup stories in The Flash from 1974 to 1977. In 1975, Dillin drew the framing chapters for a 1940s Seven Soldiers of Victory script in Adventure Comics #438 and 443 and he was living in Peekskill, New York, at the time of his death. Dick Dillin at Mikes Amazing World of Comics
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DC Comics insert previews
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DC Comics insert previews were 16-page comic book stories inserted into issues of existing DC Comics series to promote new series usually debuting the next month. Running from 1980 to 1985, they consisted of a front cover,14 pages of story, the addition of the insert did not entail an increase in the price of the comic book, and the cover copy called the insert a special free 16-page comic. The insert previews began with The New Teen Titans in DC Comics Presents #26 and this reboot of an existing property by writer Marv Wolfman and artist George Pérez introduced several new characters and would become a sales success for DC. Wolfman would additionally write previews for a reboot of the Dial H for Hero feature and for Night Force a supernatural series drawn by Gene Colan, his former collaborator on The Tomb of Dracula. DC highlighted the work of Roy Thomas, newly arrived at the company from Marvel Comics, a combination of the funny animal and superhero genres. New talent such as the team of Dan Mishkin and Gary Cohn was represented in the previews with Amethyst, Princess of Gemworld. Licensed properties were featured as well, a Masters of the Universe preview featured in several comic books cover dated November 1982 led to a miniseries the following month. The Atari Force preview in January 1983 served as a prequel to the series launched a year later. Mask was a series and a Kenner Products toyline adapted into comic books in a September 1985 preview which led to a miniseries the following December. Archived from the original on October 9,2011
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DC Comics Presents
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A recurring back-up feature Whatever Happened to. Had stories revealing the status of minor and little-used characters. DC Comics Presents debuted with a July/August 1978 cover date and was edited by Julius Schwartz, the series was launched with a team-up of Superman and the Flash by writer Martin Pasko and artist José Luis García-López. The winner of the DC Comics Presents letter column name contest appeared in the Superman/Hawkman story in issue #11, backup feature began in issue #25 and would appear in most issues for the next two years until its last installment in issue #48. Issue #26 included an insert introduction story to the then-upcoming New Teen Titans series by Marv Wolfman, len Wein and Jim Starlin co-created the supervillain Mongul in issue #27 as part of a three-issue storyline. Another insert in issue #41 previewed the new direction Wonder Woman, in issue #47, Superman traveled to Eternia and met the Masters of the Universe. Ambush Bug made his first appearance in issue #52 and made appearances in issue #59. The Superman/Challengers of the Unknown tale in issue #84 was drawn by Jack Kirby, the series also contained the Alan Moore Superman/Swamp Thing story The Jungle Line in DC Comics Presents #85, pencilled by Rick Veitch and inked by Al Williamson. Issue #87 featured the first appearance and origin of the divergent Kal-El of the Earth Prime reality, who would become known as Superboy-Prime. The final issue is an exception to the format, instead featuring Superman in an Untold Tale involving the Phantom Zone, by Steve Gerber. In 2004, the title DC Comics Presents was revived for eight one-shot issues, in July 2010, DC announced the launch of a new DC Comics Presents, a line of 100-page reprint issues reprinting stories that have not seen print since their original publication. Writer Mike Tiefenbacher had several proposals for other Whatever Happened To and these included Captain Action, Blackhawk, Genius Jones, Nighthawk, Ragman, the Sea Devils, the Silent Knight, and Wildcat. In September and October 2004, the title DC Comics Presents was revived for a series of eight issues, each a tribute to DC editor Julius Schwartz. In July 2010, DC announced the launch of a new DC Comics Presents series featuring stories that have not seen print since their original publication, DC Comics Presents, Brightest Day #2, which spotlights Martian Manhunter and Firestorm, and reprints Martian Manhunter #24 and Firestorm #11–13. DC Comics Presents, Ethan Van Sciver, which spotlights the art of Ethan Van Sciver and reprints Batman and Catwoman, DC Comics Presents, The Flash and Green Lantern, Faster Friends, which spotlights Kyle Rayner and Wally West, and reprints both issues of the titular mini-series. DC Comics Presents, Green Lantern, which spotlights Kyle Rayner and Jade, DC Comics Presents, Jack Cross, which spotlights Jack Cross and reprints issues #1–4 of his self-titled series. DC Comics Presents, J. H. Williams III, which spotlights the art of J. H. Williams III and reprints Chase #1 and #6–8. DC Comics Presents, Legion of Super-Heroes, which spotlights Dan Abnett, reprints Legion of Super-Heroes #122 and 123 and Legionnaires #79 and 80
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X-Men
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The X-Men is a fictional team of superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist/co-writer Jack Kirby, the characters first appeared in The X-Men #1 and they are among the most recognizable and successful intellectual properties of Marvel Comics, appearing in numerous books, television shows, films, and video games. The X-Men are mutants, a subspecies of humans who are born with superhuman abilities, the X-Men fight for peace and equality between normal humans and mutants in a world where antimutant bigotry is fierce and widespread. They are led by Charles Xavier, also known as Professor X and their archenemy is Magneto, a powerful mutant with the ability to generate and control magnetic fields. Professor X and Magneto have opposing views and philosophies regarding the relationship between mutants and humans, Professor X is the founder of Xaviers School for Gifted Youngsters at a location commonly called the X-Mansion, which recruits mutants from around the world. Located in Westchester County, New York, the X-Mansion is the home and training site of the X-Men. The founding five members of the X-Men who appear in The X-Men #1 are Angel, Beast, Cyclops, Iceman, since then, dozens of mutants from various countries and diverse backgrounds have held membership as X-Men. In 2004, Stan Lee recalled, I couldnt have everybody bitten by a spider or exposed to a gamma ray explosion. And I took the way out. I said to myself, Why dont I just say theyre mutants, in a 1987 interview, Jack Kirby said, The X-Men, I did the natural thing there. What would you do with mutants who were just plain boys and girls, so I gave them a teacher, Professor X. Of course, it was the thing to do, instead of disorienting or alienating people who were different from us, I made the X-Men part of the human race. Possibly, radiation, if it is beneficial, may create mutants that’ll save us instead of doing us harm. I felt that if we train the mutants our way, they’ll help us - and not only help us, and so, we could all live together. Lee devised the title after Marvel publisher Martin Goodman turned down the initial name, The Mutants. Within the Marvel Universe, the X-Men are widely regarded to have named after Professor Xavier himself. Xavier however claims that the name X-Men was never chosen as a tribute to himself, the name is also linked to the X-Gene, an unknown gene that causes the mutant evolution. The original explanation for the name, as provided by Xavier in The X-Men #1, is that mutants possess an extra power, one which ordinary humans do not
