Guru Arjan was the fifth of the ten total Sikh Gurus. He compiled the first official edition of the Sikh scripture called the Adi Granth, which later expanded into the Guru Granth Sahib. He is regarded as the first of the two Gurus martyred in the Sikh faith.
Painting of Guru Arjan by the family atelier of Purkhu of Kangra, circa 1800
Image: Signature (nisan) of Guru Arjan by scribing the Mul Mantar
Fresco of Baba Buddha crowning Guru Arjan as the next guru by placing tilak on his forehead, known as the Gurgadi ceremony. Guru Ram Das is depicted to the immediate bottom right of Arjan.
Painting of the torture and martyrdom of Arjan by the Punjabi painter Sri Ram (1876 – 1926)
Gurmukhī is an abugida developed from the Laṇḍā scripts, standardized and used by the second Sikh guru, Guru Angad (1504–1552). Commonly regarded as a Sikh script, Gurmukhi is used in Punjab, India as the official script of the Punjabi language.
18th century fresco of a woman writing in Gurmukhi from Pothimala, Guru Harsahai, Punjab.
Photograph of folios written in laṛīvāră (scriptio continua) Gurmukhī script
Proto-Gurmukhi writing dated to c. 1470–1490 from the tomb of Rae Feroze in Hathur, Ludhiana, Punjab.