Greene County, Iowa
Greene County is a county located in the U. S. state of Iowa. As of the 2010 census, the population was 9,336; the county seat is Jefferson. The county is named in honor of General Nathanael Greene. Greene County was formed from 1854, self-governed, it was named after a hero in the Revolutionary War. The first settler was Truman Davis, he settled on the Raccoon River. The first courthouse was built in 1856 from wood. Court was held in a log cabin southeast of Jefferson; the second courthouse, of red brick, was built in 1870. The present Greene County Courthouse used today was built in 1917. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 571 square miles, of which 570 square miles is land and 1.6 square miles is water. U. S. Route 30 Iowa Highway 4 Iowa Highway 25 Iowa Highway 144 Calhoun County Webster County Boone County Dallas County Guthrie County Carroll County The 2010 census recorded a population of 9,336 in the county, with a population density of 16.4248/sq mi. There were 4,546 housing units, of which 3,996 were occupied.
As of the census of 2000, there were 10,366 people, 4,205 households, 2,859 families residing in the county. The population density was 18 people per square mile. There were 4,623 housing units at an average density of 8 per square mile; the racial makeup of the county was 98.16% White, 0.14% Black or African American, 0.15% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.67% from other races, 0.63% from two or more races. 1.66% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 0.001% of the population was Extraterrestrial. There were 4,205 households out of which 30.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.30% were married couples living together, 7.20% had a female householder with no husband present, 32.00% were non-families. 29.10% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.60% had someone living alone, 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.97. In the county, the population was spread out with 25.60% under the age of 18, 6.10% from 18 to 24, 24.30% from 25 to 44, 22.40% from 45 to 64, 21.60% who were 65 years of age or older.
The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 95.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.20 males. The median income for a household in the county was $33,883, the median income for a family was $41,230. Males had a median income of $29,076 versus $21,657 for females; the per capita income for the county was $16,866. About 4.80% of families and 8.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.90% of those under age 18 and 7.80% of those age 65 or over. Cooper The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Greene County.† county seat George Horace Gallup, Former resident, American statistician, invented the Gallup poll, a successful statistical method of survey sampling for measuring public opinion. Loren Shriver, Former resident, American astronaut, retired United States Air Force Colonel. Doreen Wilber, Former resident, American archer, Olympic gold medalist. Warren Allen Smith, Former resident, American homosexual activist and Humanist.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Greene County, Iowa Raccoon River Valley Trail County website
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is applied to living organisms, most of the time to humans, it is a key geographical term. In simple terms population density refers to the number of people living in an area per kilometer square. Population density is population divided by total land water volume, as appropriate. Low densities may lead to further reduced fertility; this is called the Allee effect after the scientist. Examples of the causes in low population densities include: Increased problems with locating sexual mates Increased inbreeding For humans, population density is the number of people per unit of area quoted per square kilometer or square mile; this may be calculated for a county, country, another territory or the entire world. The world's population is around 7,500,000,000 and Earth's total area is 510,000,000 square kilometers. Therefore, the worldwide human population density is around 7,500,000,000 ÷ 510,000,000 = 14.7 per km2. If only the Earth's land area of 150,000,000 km2 is taken into account human population density is 50 per km2.
This includes all continental and island land area, including Antarctica. If Antarctica is excluded population density rises to over 55 people per km2. However, over half of the Earth's land mass consists of areas inhospitable to human habitation, such as deserts and high mountains, population tends to cluster around seaports and fresh-water sources. Thus, this number by itself does not give any helpful measurement of human population density. Several of the most densely populated territories in the world are city-states and dependencies; these territories have a small area and a high urbanization level, with an economically specialized city population drawing on rural resources outside the area, illustrating the difference between high population density and overpopulation The potential to maintain the agricultural aspects of deserts is limited as there is not enough precipitation to support a sustainable land. The population in these areas are low. Therefore, cities in the Middle East, such as Dubai, have been increasing in population and infrastructure growth at a fast pace.
Cities with high population densities are, by some, considered to be overpopulated, though this will depend on factors like quality of housing and infrastructure and access to resources. Most of the most densely populated cities are in Southeast Asia, though Cairo and Lagos in Africa fall into this category. City population and area are, however dependent on the definition of "urban area" used: densities are invariably higher for the central city area than when suburban settlements and the intervening rural areas are included, as in the areas of agglomeration or metropolitan area, the latter sometimes including neighboring cities. For instance, Milwaukee has a greater population density when just the inner city is measured, the surrounding suburbs excluded. In comparison, based on a world population of seven billion, the world's inhabitants, as a loose crowd taking up ten square feet per person, would occupy a space a little larger than Delaware's land area; the Gaza Strip has a population density of 5,046 pop/km.
Although arithmetic density is the most common way of measuring population density, several other methods have been developed to provide a more accurate measure of population density over a specific area. Arithmetic density: The total number of people / area of land Physiological density: The total population / area of arable land Agricultural density: The total rural population / area of arable land Residential density: The number of people living in an urban area / area of residential land Urban density: The number of people inhabiting an urban area / total area of urban land Ecological optimum: The density of population that can be supported by the natural resources Demography Human geography Idealized population Optimum population Population genetics Population health Population momentum Population pyramid Rural transport problem Small population size Distance sampling List of population concern organizations List of countries by population density List of cities by population density List of city districts by population density List of English districts by population density List of European cities proper by population density List of United States cities by population density List of islands by population density List of U.
S. states by population density List of Australian suburbs by population density Selected Current and Historic City, Ward & Neighborhood Density Duncan Smith / UCL Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis. "World Population Density". Exploratory map shows data from the Global Human Settlement Layer produced by the European Commission JRC and the CIESIN Columbia University
Iowa Highway 44
Iowa Highway 44 is an east–west highway in the central and west-central portions of the state. It runs parallel to Interstate 80. Iowa 44 begins at its junction with U. S. Highway 30 four miles northeast of Logan, it ends at an interchange with the Iowa Highway 141 freeway at Grimes. Iowa 44 was created in 1969. Most of the route is a part of the Western Skies Scenic Byway. Iowa Highway 44 begins between Logan and Woodbine on U. S. Highway 30, it goes east to Portsmouth, where it intersects Iowa Highway 191 continues east to Harlan, where it intersects U. S. Highway 59, it continues east from Harlan and intersects Iowa Highway 173 at Kimballton and U. S. Highway 71 at Hamlin, it continues to Guthrie Center, where it intersects Iowa Highway 25 and Panora, where it intersects Iowa Highway 4. It intersects U. S. Highway 169 three miles before entering Dallas Center and ends at a freeway interchange with Iowa Highway 141 in Grimes in the Des Moines metropolitan area. Iowa 44 was created on January 1, 1969, when the Iowa State Highway Commission reorganized the state's primary highway system.
Iowa 44 was one of 26 state highways to receive a new route number. Prior to 1969, what is now Iowa 44 was part of two highways, Iowa 64 and Iowa 39. Since its designation, the route has undergone few changes; the westernmost 74 miles of Iowa 44 are part of the state's Western Skies Scenic Byway
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. The term is used in connection with national population and housing censuses; the United Nations defines the essential features of population and housing censuses as "individual enumeration, universality within a defined territory and defined periodicity", recommends that population censuses be taken at least every 10 years. United Nations recommendations cover census topics to be collected, official definitions and other useful information to co-ordinate international practice; the word is of Latin origin: during the Roman Republic, the census was a list that kept track of all adult males fit for military service. The modern census is essential to international comparisons of any kind of statistics, censuses collect data on many attributes of a population, not just how many people there are. Censuses began as the only method of collecting national demographic data, are now part of a larger system of different surveys.
Although population estimates remain an important function of a census, including the geographic distribution of the population, statistics can be produced about combinations of attributes e.g. education by age and sex in different regions. Current administrative data systems allow for other approaches to enumeration with the same level of detail but raise concerns about privacy and the possibility of biasing estimates. A census can be contrasted with sampling in which information is obtained only from a subset of a population. Modern census data are used for research, business marketing, planning, as a baseline for designing sample surveys by providing a sampling frame such as an address register. Census counts are necessary to adjust samples to be representative of a population by weighting them as is common in opinion polling. Stratification requires knowledge of the relative sizes of different population strata which can be derived from census enumerations. In some countries, the census provides the official counts used to apportion the number of elected representatives to regions.
In many cases, a chosen random sample can provide more accurate information than attempts to get a population census. A census is construed as the opposite of a sample as its intent is to count everyone in a population rather than a fraction. However, population censuses rely on a sampling frame to count the population; this is the only way to be sure that everyone has been included as otherwise those not responding would not be followed up on and individuals could be missed. The fundamental premise of a census is that the population is not known and a new estimate is to be made by the analysis of primary data; the use of a sampling frame is counterintuitive as it suggests that the population size is known. However, a census is used to collect attribute data on the individuals in the nation; this process of sampling marks the difference between historical census, a house to house process or the product of an imperial decree, the modern statistical project. The sampling frame used by census is always an address register.
Thus it is not known how many people there are in each household. Depending on the mode of enumeration, a form is sent to the householder, an enumerator calls, or administrative records for the dwelling are accessed; as a preliminary to the dispatch of forms, census workers will check any address problems on the ground. While it may seem straightforward to use the postal service file for this purpose, this can be out of date and some dwellings may contain a number of independent households. A particular problem is what are termed'communal establishments' which category includes student residences, religious orders, homes for the elderly, people in prisons etc; as these are not enumerated by a single householder, they are treated differently and visited by special teams of census workers to ensure they are classified appropriately. Individuals are counted within households and information is collected about the household structure and the housing. For this reason international documents refer to censuses of housing.
The census response is made by a household, indicating details of individuals resident there. An important aspect of census enumerations is determining which individuals can be counted from which cannot be counted. Broadly, three definitions can be used: de facto residence; this is important to consider individuals who have temporary addresses. Every person should be identified uniquely as resident in one place but where they happen to be on Census Day, their de facto residence, may not be the best place to count them. Where an individual uses services may be more useful and this is at their usual, or de jure, residence. An individual may be represented at a permanent address a family home for students or long term migrants, it is necessary to have a precise definition of residence to decide whether visitors to a country should be included in the population count. This is becoming more important as students travel abroad for education for a period of several years. Other groups causing problems of enumeration are new born babies, people away on holiday, people moving home around census day, people without a fixed address.
People having second homes because of working in another part of the country or retaining a holiday cottage are dif
United States
The United States of America known as the United States or America, is a country composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles, the United States is the world's third or fourth largest country by total area and is smaller than the entire continent of Europe's 3.9 million square miles. With a population of over 327 million people, the U. S. is the third most populous country. The capital is Washington, D. C. and the largest city by population is New York City. Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous in North America between Canada and Mexico; the State of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west. The State of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean; the U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, stretching across nine official time zones. The diverse geography and wildlife of the United States make it one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries.
Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century; the United States emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies following the French and Indian War led to the American Revolution, which began in 1775, the subsequent Declaration of Independence in 1776; the war ended in 1783 with the United States becoming the first country to gain independence from a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, with the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, being ratified in 1791 to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties; the United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 19th century, acquiring new territories, displacing Native American tribes, admitting new states until it spanned the continent by 1848. During the second half of the 19th century, the Civil War led to the abolition of slavery.
By the end of the century, the United States had extended into the Pacific Ocean, its economy, driven in large part by the Industrial Revolution, began to soar. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the country's status as a global military power; the United States emerged from World War II as a global superpower, the first country to develop nuclear weapons, the only country to use them in warfare, a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. Sweeping civil rights legislation, notably the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Fair Housing Act of 1968, outlawed discrimination based on race or color. During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union competed in the Space Race, culminating with the 1969 U. S. Moon landing; the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the world's sole superpower. The United States is the world's oldest surviving federation, it is a representative democracy.
The United States is a founding member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States, other international organizations. The United States is a developed country, with the world's largest economy by nominal GDP and second-largest economy by PPP, accounting for a quarter of global GDP; the U. S. economy is post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge-based activities, although the manufacturing sector remains the second-largest in the world. The United States is the world's largest importer and the second largest exporter of goods, by value. Although its population is only 4.3% of the world total, the U. S. holds 31% of the total wealth in the world, the largest share of global wealth concentrated in a single country. Despite wide income and wealth disparities, the United States continues to rank high in measures of socioeconomic performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP, worker productivity.
The United States is the foremost military power in the world, making up a third of global military spending, is a leading political and scientific force internationally. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a world map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America in honor of the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci; the first documentary evidence of the phrase "United States of America" is from a letter dated January 2, 1776, written by Stephen Moylan, Esq. to George Washington's aide-de-camp and Muster-Master General of the Continental Army, Lt. Col. Joseph Reed. Moylan expressed his wish to go "with full and ample powers from the United States of America to Spain" to seek assistance in the revolutionary war effort; the first known publication of the phrase "United States of America" was in an anonymous essay in The Virginia Gazette newspaper in Williamsburg, Virginia, on April 6, 1776. The second draft of the Articles of Confederation, prepared by John Dickinson and completed by June 17, 1776, at the latest, declared "The name of this Confederation shall be the'United States of America'".
The final version of the Articles sent to the states for ratification in late 1777 contains the sentence "The Stile of this Confederacy shall be'The United States of America'". In June 1776, Thomas Jefferson wrote the phrase "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" in all capitalized letters in the headline of his "original Rough draught" of the Declaration of Independence; this draft of the document did not surface unti
County seat
A county seat is an administrative center, seat of government, or capital city of a county or civil parish. The term is used in Canada, Romania and the United States. County towns have a similar function in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland, in Jamaica. In most of the United States, counties are the political subdivisions of a state; the city, town, or populated place that houses county government is known as the seat of its respective county. The county legislature, county courthouse, sheriff's department headquarters, hall of records and correctional facility are located in the county seat though some functions may be located or conducted in other parts of the county if it is geographically large. A county seat is but not always, an incorporated municipality; the exceptions include the county seats of counties that have no incorporated municipalities within their borders, such as Arlington County, Virginia. Ellicott City, the county seat of Howard County, is the largest unincorporated county seat in the United States, followed by Towson, the county seat of Baltimore County, Maryland.
Some county seats may not be incorporated in their own right, but are located within incorporated municipalities. For example, Cape May Court House, New Jersey, though unincorporated, is a section of Middle Township, an incorporated municipality. In some of the colonial states, county seats include or included "Court House" as part of their name. In the Canadian provinces of Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, the term "shire town" is used in place of county seat. County seats in Taiwan are the administrative centers of the counties. There are 13 county seats in Taiwan, which are in the forms of county-administered city, urban township or rural township. Most counties have only one county seat. However, some counties in Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New York, Vermont have two or more county seats located on opposite sides of the county. An example is Harrison County, which lists both Biloxi and Gulfport as county seats; the practice of multiple county seat towns dates from the days.
There have been few efforts to eliminate the two-seat arrangement, since a county seat is a source of pride for the towns involved. There are 36 counties with multiple county seats in 11 states: Coffee County, Alabama St. Clair County, Alabama Arkansas County, Arkansas Carroll County, Arkansas Clay County, Arkansas Craighead County, Arkansas Franklin County, Arkansas Logan County, Arkansas Mississippi County, Arkansas Prairie County, Arkansas Sebastian County, Arkansas Yell County, Arkansas Columbia County, Georgia Lee County, Iowa Campbell County, Kentucky Kenton County, Kentucky Essex County, Massachusetts Middlesex County, Massachusetts Plymouth County, Massachusetts Bolivar County, Mississippi Carroll County, Mississippi Chickasaw County, Mississippi Harrison County, Mississippi Hinds County, Mississippi Jasper County, Mississippi Jones County, Mississippi Panola County, Mississippi Tallahatchie County, Mississippi Yalobusha County, Mississippi Jackson County, Missouri Hillsborough County, New Hampshire Seneca County, New York Bennington County, Vermont In New England, the town, not the county, is the primary division of local government.
Counties in this region have served as dividing lines for the states' judicial systems. Connecticut and Rhode Island have no county level of thus no county seats. In Vermont and Maine the county seats are designated shire towns. County government consists only of a Superior Court and Sheriff, both located in the respective shire town. Bennington County has two shire towns. In Massachusetts, most government functions which would otherwise be performed by county governments in other states are performed by town or city governments; as such, Massachusetts has dissolved many of its county governments, the state government now operates the registries of deeds and sheriff's offices in those counties. In Virginia, a county seat may be an independent city surrounded by, but not part of, the county of which it is the administrative center. Two counties in South Dakota have their county seat and government services centered in a neighboring county, their county-level services are provided by Fall River Tripp County, respectively.
In Louisiana, divided into parishes rather than counties, county seats are referred to as parish seats. Alaska is divided into boroughs rather than counties; the Unorganized Borough, which covers 49 % of Alaska's area, has equivalent. The state with the most counties is Texas, with 254, the state with the fewest counties is Delaware, with 3. County seat war Administrative center County town, administrative centres in Ireland and the UK Chef-lieu, administrative centres in Algeria, Luxembourg, France and Tunisia Municipality, equivalent to county in many c
Iowa Highway 25
Iowa Highway 25 is a north–south highway in the southwest and west-central portion of the state. It begins at Iowa 2 seven miles south of Clearfield, it heads north along a two-lane road through Creston and Guthrie Center on its way to its northern end at U. S. Route 30 near Scranton. Iowa 25 was created in 1926 as a replacement for Primary Road No. 16, redesignated further east. It connected US 30 to US 34 in Creston. In the early 1930s, it was extended south to Blockton by absorbing all of Iowa 184. By the end of the 1930s, the highway reached the Missouri state line, where it ended for over 40 years. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the highway south of Iowa 2 was turned over to local jurisdictions. Iowa 25 begins at a T intersection with Iowa 2 along the Taylor–Ringgold county line south of Clearfield. Eastbound Iowa 2 comes from the south along the county line and turns east into Ringgold County while Iowa 25 heads north from the intersection along the county line, it passes through Clearfield, which lies in Taylor County, continues north towards the quadripoint of Taylor, Adams and Ringgold counties.
North of the quadripoint, Iowa 25 runs along the Adams–Union county line. It crosses the Platte River south of the unincorporated community of Kent. North of Kent, the highway meets U. S. Route 34 and the two routes head east together towards Creston. Shortly after crossing into Union County, the two routes turn to the northeast. In southern Creston, the two routes split with US 34 continuing to the east and Iowa 25 heading north along Sumner Street through the western part of town. Near Southwestern Community College, the route turns to the west along Townline Road, it crosses a reservoir created by damming the Platte River. West of Summit Lake, the highway turns 90 degrees to the north and passes close to Green Valley State Park. Iowa 25 crosses into Adair County near the source of the East Nodaway River. At Orient, the highway turns to the west, it heads through rural Adair County passing a roadside farmhouse. The highway enters Greenfield on the town's eastern side and intersects Iowa 92; the section of the route from Creston to Greenfield is part of the Mormon Pioneer Trail, which marks the trail used by Mormons on their exodus to Utah.
North of Greenfield, Iowa 25 passes through land as rural as that south of the town. In the northern part of the county, the highway passes Freedom Rock, a large boulder painted every year to honor U. S. veterans and their families. Just north of Freedom Rock, it meets Interstate 80 and US 6 at a diamond interchange adjacent to a golf course. North of the interchange, Iowa 25 enters Guthrie County and overlaps part of the White Pole Road known as Iowa 925, by heading west towards Casey; the concurrency ends as the White Pole Road curves to the southwest while Iowa 25 turns to the north. Continuing north through the rolling hills of Guthrie County, Iowa 25 eases to the west through a series of S curves which aligns the road with 5th Street, the main north–south road in Guthrie Center. Just before it enters the city, the highway crosses the South Raccoon River. In downtown Guthrie Center, it meets Iowa 44 at a four-way stop. North of Guthrie Center, the highway crosses a tributary of the South Raccoon River.
Near Springbrook State Park, it crosses the Middle Raccoon River. Further north, between the communities of Bayard and Bagley, Iowa 25 intersects Iowa 141; the two routes split on the eastern side of town. North of Bayard, Iowa 25 crosses into the final county through which it passes; the highway heads due north through farmland. Just south of Scranton, it picks up the Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway, a designation it carries to its end; the route goes through the west side of Scranton and continues north to its endpoint at US 30. North of US 30, the roadway becomes County Road N65, which carries the Lincoln Highway Heritage Byway; the original Primary Road No. 25 was designated with the rest of the Iowa Primary Highway System in 1920. It spanned 20 miles from Adel to Winterset; this designation only lasted a few years. When the Adel–to–Winterset route changed numbers in 1926, it was not paved at all, but the segment in Madison County was graded, the first step in becoming a paved road; the second iteration of Iowa 25 was created in 1925 during the time when the Iowa State Highway Commission was designating the new U.
S. Highway System on the state's primary road network. In order to avoid driver confusion, the commission reorganized various route numbers to simplify the system and to remove any duplicated numbers, i.e. US 30 and Primary Road No. 30. Iowa 25 was allocated along a section of former Primary Road No. 16 from Scranton to Creston. Iowa 16 was rerouted to the east. 25. A few years the highway commission created Iowa 184, which ran from US 34 south to Blockton. In early 1933, Iowa 25 was extended southward along US 34 and absorbed all of Iowa 184. In 1938, it was extended an additional four miles to the Missouri state line. Iowa 357 was created as a short spur route into Blockton. Iowa 25 stayed the same for over 40 years. By 1980, it was truncated at County Road J55 near Blockton. Two years it trimmed back to its northern junction with Iowa 2, where it remains today. Iowa 184 was the 27-mile-long route that connected Blockton to US 34, it was designated in 1931 and absorbed into
Guthrie County, Iowa
