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Queens
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Queens is the easternmost and largest in area of the five boroughs of New York City. Coterminous with Queens County since 1899, the borough of Queens is the second-largest in population, with a census-estimated 2,339,150 residents in 2015, approximately 48% of them foreign-born. Queens County also is the second-most populous county in the U. S. state of New York, behind the borough of Brooklyn. Queens is the fourth-most densely populated county among New York Citys boroughs, if each of New York Citys boroughs were an independent city, Queens also would be the nations fourth most populous city, after Los Angeles, Chicago, and Brooklyn. Queens is the most ethnically diverse area in the world. Queens was established in 1683 as one of the original 12 counties of New York and it was named after the Portuguese Princess Catherine of Braganza, Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland. It became a borough of New York City in 1898, and from 1683 until 1899, Queens has the most diversified economy of the five boroughs of New York City It is home to JFK International Airport and LaGuardia Airport. These airports are among the busiest in the world, causing the airspace above Queens to be the most congested in the country, attractions in Queens include Flushing Meadows Park, Citi Field, the US Open tennis tournament, Kaufman Astoria Studios, Silvercup Studios, and Aqueduct Racetrack. European colonization brought Dutch and English settlers, as a part of the New Netherland colony, First settlements occurred in 1635 followed by early colonizations at Maspeth in 1642, and Vlissingen in 1643. Other early settlements included Newtown and Jamaica, however, these towns were mostly inhabited by English settlers from New England via eastern Long Island subject to Dutch law. After the capture of the colony by the English and its renaming as New York in 1664, the Flushing Remonstrance signed by colonists in 1657 is considered a precursor to the United States Constitutions provision on freedom of religion in the Bill of Rights. The signers protested the Dutch colonial authorities persecution of Quakers in what is today the borough of Queens, originally, Queens County included the adjacent area now comprising Nassau County. It was a county of New York State, one of twelve created on November 1,1683. The county was named after Catherine of Braganza, since she was queen of England at the time, the county was founded alongside Kings County, and Richmond County. On October 7,1691, all counties in the Colony of New York were redefined, Queens gained North Brother Island, South Brother Island, and Huletts Island. On December 3,1768, Queens gained other islands in Long Island Sound that were not already assigned to a county, Queens played a minor role in the American Revolution, as compared to Brooklyn, where the Battle of Long Island was largely fought. Queens, like the rest of Long Island, remained under British occupation after the Battle of Long Island in 1776 and was occupied throughout most of the rest of the Revolutionary War. Under the Quartering Act, British soldiers used, as barracks, even though many local people were against unannounced quartering, sentiment throughout the county remained in favor of the British crown
2.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
3.
New York (state)
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New York is a state in the northeastern United States, and is the 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous, and seventh-most densely populated U. S. state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015, New York City is the most populous city in the United States, the New York Metropolitan Area is one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. New York City makes up over 40% of the population of New York State, two-thirds of the states population lives in the New York City Metropolitan Area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island. Both the state and New York City were named for the 17th-century Duke of York, the next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo, Rochester, Yonkers, and Syracuse, while the state capital is Albany. New York has a diverse geography and these more mountainous regions are bisected by two major river valleys—the north-south Hudson River Valley and the east-west Mohawk River Valley, which forms the core of the Erie Canal. Western New York is considered part of the Great Lakes Region and straddles Lake Ontario, between the two lakes lies Niagara Falls. The central part of the state is dominated by the Finger Lakes, New York had been inhabited by tribes of Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans for several hundred years by the time the earliest Europeans came to New York. The first Europeans to arrive were French colonists and Jesuit missionaries who arrived southward from settlements at Montreal for trade, the British annexed the colony from the Dutch in 1664. The borders of the British colony, the Province of New York, were similar to those of the present-day state, New York is home to the Statue of Liberty, a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. On April 17,1524 Verrazanno entered New York Bay, by way of the now called the Narrows into the northern bay which he named Santa Margherita. Verrazzano described it as a vast coastline with a delta in which every kind of ship could pass and he adds. This vast sheet of water swarmed with native boats and he landed on the tip of Manhattan and possibly on the furthest point of Long Island. Verrazannos stay was interrupted by a storm which pushed him north towards Marthas Vineyard, in 1540 French traders from New France built a chateau on Castle Island, within present-day Albany, due to flooding, it was abandoned the next year. In 1614, the Dutch under the command of Hendrick Corstiaensen, rebuilt the French chateau, Fort Nassau was the first Dutch settlement in North America, and was located along the Hudson River, also within present-day Albany. The small fort served as a trading post and warehouse, located on the Hudson River flood plain, the rudimentary fort was washed away by flooding in 1617, and abandoned for good after Fort Orange was built nearby in 1623. Henry Hudsons 1609 voyage marked the beginning of European involvement with the area, sailing for the Dutch East India Company and looking for a passage to Asia, he entered the Upper New York Bay on September 11 of that year
4.
The Simpsons
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The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The series is a depiction of working-class life epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa. The show is set in the town of Springfield and parodies American culture, society, television. The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks, Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family, substituting Bart for his own name. The shorts became a part of The Tracey Ullman Show on April 19,1987. After a three-season run, the sketch was developed into a prime time show and became an early hit for Fox. Since its debut on December 17,1989,615 episodes of The Simpsons have been broadcast and its 28th season began on September 25,2016. It is the longest-running American sitcom and the longest-running American animated program, the Simpsons Movie, a feature-length film, was released in theaters worldwide on July 27,2007, and grossed over $527 million. On May 4,2015, the series was renewed for seasons 27 and 28, on November 4,2016, the series was renewed for seasons 29 and 30, consisting of 22 episodes each. The Simpsons received widespread critical acclaim throughout its first nine or ten seasons, Time named it the 20th centurys best television series, and Erik Adams of The A. V. Club named it televisions crowning achievement regardless of format, on January 14,2000, the Simpson family was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. It has won dozens of awards since it debuted as a series, including 31 Primetime Emmy Awards,30 Annie Awards, Homers exclamatory catchphrase Doh. has been adopted into the English language, while The Simpsons has influenced many adult-oriented animated sitcoms. Despite this, the show has also criticized for what many perceive as a decline in quality over the years. The Simpsons are a family who live in a fictional Middle American town of Springfield, Homer, the father, works as a safety inspector at the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant, a position at odds with his careless, buffoonish personality. He is married to Marge Simpson, a stereotypical American housewife, although the family is dysfunctional, many episodes examine their relationships and bonds with each other and they are often shown to care about one another. The family owns a dog, Santas Little Helper, and a cat, Snowball V, renamed Snowball II in I, both pets have had starring roles in several episodes. The show includes an array of supporting characters, co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople. The creators originally intended many of these characters as jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town
5.
Helen Hunt
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Helen Elizabeth Hunt is an American actress, director, and screenwriter. Some of her notable films include Twister, Cast Away, What Women Want, Pay It Forward, and The Sessions. She made her debut in 2007 with Then She Found Me. Hunt has also won four Emmy Awards, four Golden Globe Awards. Hunt was born in Culver City, California and her mother, Jane Elizabeth, worked as a photographer, and her father, Gordon Hunt, was a film, voice and stage director and acting coach. Her uncle, Peter H. Hunt, is also a director and her maternal grandmother, Dorothy Fries, was a voice coach. Hunts paternal grandmother was from a German-Jewish family, while Hunts other grandparents were of English descent, when she was three, Hunts family moved to New York City, where her father directed theatre and Hunt attended plays as a child several times a week. Hunt studied ballet, and briefly attended UCLA, Hunt began working as a child actress in the 1970s. She appeared as a classmate on an episode of The Facts of Life. Hunt also played a woman who, while on PCP, jumps out of a second-story window. That same year, Hunt was cast on the ABC sitcom It Takes Two, for the last year of the show she and Paul Reiser became the first actors ever to be paid $1,000,000 per episode. Hunt directed several episodes of Mad About You, including the series finale and her big-screen directorial debut came with the film Then She Found Me, in which she also starred, with Colin Firth and Matthew Broderick. She starred with Bill Paxton in the 1996 disaster action film Twister, after winning the Academy Award, she took time off from movie work to play Viola in Shakespeares Twelfth Night, at Lincoln Center in New York. In 2000, Hunt starred in four films, Dr. T & the Women, with Richard Gere, Pay It Forward, with Kevin Spacey and Haley Joel Osment, What Women Want, with Mel Gibson, and Cast Away, with Tom Hanks. In 2003, she returned to Broadway in Yasmina Rezas Life x 3, in 2006, Hunt appeared in the ensemble cast film Bobby alongside Demi Moore, Anthony Hopkins, Sharon Stone and William H. Macy. In 2011, in the movie Soul Surfer, she played the mother of the Hawaiian-born champion surfer Bethany Hamilton, on whose life the movie was based, in 2012, she starred alongside John Hawkes and William H. Macy in The Sessions as sex surrogate Cheryl Cohen-Greene. The movie and her performance were well reviewed and earned her several award nominations. The movie also gained two awards at the Sundance Film Festival and she owns a production company with Connie Tavel, Hunt/Tavel Productions under Sony Pictures Entertainment. Hunt started dating actor Hank Azaria in 1994 and they married in 1999 and she has been partnered with producer/writer/director Matthew Carnahan since 2001
6.
Moe Szyslak
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Moe Szyslak /ˈsɪzlæk/ is a fictional character from the American animated television series The Simpsons. He is voiced by Hank Azaria and first appeared in the premiere episode Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire. Moe is the proprietor and bartender of Moes Tavern, a Springfield bar frequented by Homer Simpson, Barney Gumble, Carl Carlson, Lenny Leonard, Sam, Larry, Moes personality includes a short and violent temper, which has also involved numerous suicide attempts. Other running jokes featuring him include being prank called by Bart Simpson, running illegal activities from his bar, and an ambiguous ethnic origin. Moe is the owner and operator of Moes Tavern, frequented by Homer Simpson and other characters including Lenny Leonard, Carl Carlson, Sam and Larry and his former most loyal customer, the bar is noted for its depressing atmosphere and uncleanliness. The regular patrons of the tavern have been abandoned by Moe in several episodes in which he changes its target audience, the first of these was Flaming Moes, in the third season. As a running joke, Moe is sometimes seen engaging in unlicensed or illegal activities at the tavern, particularly in earlier episodes, the Tavern was frequently prank called by Bart Simpson, who would ask for a name which when said by Moe would involve innuendo or insults. He has an annual Christmas tradition of attempted suicide, but his attempts are comically unsuccessful and he is easily irritated, frequently threatening the patrons at his bar with a shotgun he keeps behind the counter. He also is, however, occasionally shown to have a sentimental and caring side to his personality, such as reading to sick children and the homeless, although he is secretive about such behavior. In his interactions with his various girlfriends, he has shown genuine selflessness and kindness, although negative elements of his personality inevitably emerge. In Thank God Its Doomsday, he asks for salvation, because Ive done stuff I aint proud of, and the stuff I am proud of is disgusting. Moe has an almost non-existent love life due to his vulgarity towards women and he has long been infatuated with Marge Simpson, whom he calls Midge, and has on occasion tried to win her away from Homer. He has been involved with Edna Krabappel as well as Marges sister Selma Bouvier. At one point he is seen on his way to a V. D. clinic, despite his creepy approach, Moe has showed to be a caring and devoted lover. When he thought he finally won Marges heart, he promised to be the best man shed ever had, characters in the Simpsons rarely have fully consistent backstories, and previously-given backstories are often intentionally undermined for humor in subsequent episodes. An early joke in the series was that Moe was a European immigrant to the United States, later, in Bart-Mangled Banner, he reveals himself to be Dutch, and in Lisa Goes Gaga, Moe describes himself as half monster, half Armenian. Moe is also hinted to be Armenian in Judge Me Tender, in Moe Goes from Rags to Riches, an infant Moe is even depicted living on Mount Everest as the son of a Yeti. Numerous one-off jokes have been made regarding Moes childhood and his adult years as well
7.
Apu Nahasapeemapetilon
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Apu Nahasapeemapetilon is a cartoon character in the animated television series The Simpsons. He is the Indian immigrant proprietor of the Kwik-E-Mart, a convenience store in Springfield. He is voiced by Hank Azaria and first appeared in the episode The Telltale Head, in the episode Homer and Apu, Apu claims to be from Ramatpur. Apu is a naturalized US citizen, and holds a Ph. D. in computer science and he graduated first in his class of seven million at Caltech — Calcutta Technical Institute — going on to earn his doctorate at the Springfield Heights Institute of Technology. Apu began working at the Kwik-E-Mart during graduate school to pay off his student loan, but he stayed afterward as he had come to enjoy his job and he remained an illegal immigrant until Mayor Quimby proposed a municipal law to expel all undocumented aliens. Thus, he refers to himself as a semi-legal alien, during 1985, Apu was a member of the barbershop quartet The Be Sharps, along with Homer Simpson, Barney Gumble, and Seymour Skinner. Upon the advice of the band manager Nigel, Apu took the stage name Apu de Beaumarchais, Apu is a vegan, and enjoys the Cheap Trick song Dream Police even though he does not know all of the words. He also claims the title of the Fifth Beatle, although Paul McCartney rolls his eyes at that claim, Apu is a massive cricket fan, as shown in the episode Moe Letter Blues. In the episode The Two Mrs. Nahasapeemapetilons, Apu enjoys a period as Springfields leading ladies man after being spontaneously drawn into a bachelor auction. Later the two actually do fall in love, in the episode Eight Misbehavin, Manjula receives too many doses of fertility drugs, leading to her giving birth to octuplets, Anoop, Uma, Nabendu, Poonam, Priya, Sandeep, Sashi, and Gheet. This causes difficulties for the family, but finally they decide to get on with their life, Apu and Manjula have a mostly happy marriage, despite understandable marital problems caused by Apus workaholic nature and long hours, and the strain of caring for eight children. A further strain came up when Apu was unfaithful to Manjula, causing him to move out. He and his family are devout Hindus, and he particularly venerates Ganesha, sanjay, Apus brother, helps run the Kwik-E-Mart. Sanjay has a daughter named Pahasatira, and a son named Jamshed, Apu has another younger brother, who is only mentioned in The Two Mrs. Nahasapeemapetilons, where Apu was shown on a chart as the oldest of three. Apu also has a living in India named Kavi, also voiced by Hank Azaria. Kavi works for several American companies taking service calls using General American, cowboy, Apu is a playable character in The Simpsons, Hit & Run video game. His quest in the game is to himself for unknowingly selling the tainted Buzz Cola that has driven the residents of Springfield insane. Apu also makes an appearance in The Simpsons, Road Rage as a passenger, Apu first appeared in the season one episode The Telltale Head
8.
Chief Wiggum
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Chief Clarence Clancy Wiggum is a fictional character from the animated television series The Simpsons, voiced by Hank Azaria. He is the chief of police in the setting of Springfield. He is the father of Ralph Wiggum and the husband of Sarah Wiggum, the characters comedic value relies heavily on his incompetence and irresponsibility as a police officer, and his laziness and gluttony. Chief Wiggums more responsible fellow officers Eddie and Lou play the straight men to his shenanigans, Chief Wiggum was born in Ireland and moved to Springfield at an early age. Antibiotics used to kill the weapons cured Wiggums asthma, allowing him to join the police force, many episodes have dealt with the back story of how Wiggum, despite his incompetences, occupies such a high role in the police force. As with those of most supporting characters on the show, they are jokes for one episode, Wiggum was temporarily promoted to Commissioner of Police for Springfields state in the 2005 episode Pranksta Rap. Chief Wiggum is the father of Ralph Wiggum, whom he loves and is patient of, Wiggums descriptions of suspects, evidence and location is often very poor. In The Frying Game, he gleefully condemns Homer and Marge to death for murder without conducting an investigation and he has also, on occasion, had people arrested or put in a jail cell for an invalid reason. For example, in Midnight Rx, he attempts to arrest Grandpa on a charge of startling a police officer rather than for the drug smuggling he had involved in with Homer during the episode. Wiggum also often fails to comply with his duties in a real emergency. It is also implied that Chief Wiggum is corrupt. In addition in The Wandering Juvie when Bart and Gina are caught by the Springfield Police Force after escaping from juvenile hall, when Lou points out that they dont have to as these ones are actually guilty, Chief Wiggum remarks Super, it makes our job that much easier. Despite often not being bothered to do his work, Wiggum is emotionally attached to his occupation, on the few occasions where Wiggum loses his commission, he breaks down shockingly fast, even becoming a mugger. Once in a while, Wiggum will have an argument with his fellow officers, on one occasion, Lou had thought about leaving the force to pursue a career in home security, which leaves Wiggum nearly a tearful mess. Despite his general incompetence at his occupation, Wiggum on occasion has helped various other characters, in the episode Pranksta Rap he manages to find the presumed kidnapped Bart Simpson in Kirk Van Houtens apartment. He also arrived just in time during crucial moments such as the various times Sideshow Bob had attempted to kill Bart Simpson. Although Wiggum can often antagonize others as well, it is implied that it is not out of malice. His surname Wiggum is Matt Groenings mothers maiden name, as a conscious pun, Wiggum was designed to look like a pig
9.
Comic Book Guy
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Comic Book Guy is the common, popular name for Jeffrey Jeff Albertson, a recurring fictional character in the animated television series The Simpsons. He is voiced by Hank Azaria and first appeared in the second-season episode Three Men and a Comic Book, Comic Book Guy is the proprietor of a comic book store, The Androids Dungeon & Baseball Card Shop. He is based on comic book store guy in America. He has become known for his distinctive accent and catchphrase. Comic Book Guy is a nerdy and snobby man best known for his eloquence and he is obsessed with collecting comic books and is an avid science fiction buff. He holds a degree in folklore and mythology, as well as a degree in chemical engineering, has an IQ of 170. He is morbidly obese and has hair, which he always keeps tied in a ponytail. His catchphrase is the declaration worst/best ever, sometimes to the point of breaking the fourth wall, another example of breaking the fourth wall occurs in an episode when Comic Book Guys chair collapses, and he sarcastically says Ooh, a fat man falls. Despite his solitary life, in The Simpsons Movie, minutes before his likely death, however, in Treehouse of Horror VIII, when a nuclear missile homes in on him, he says to himself, Oh, Ive wasted my life. In the 2008 episode Any Given Sundance it was revealed that he is also a writer and posts to his own site called Aint I Fat News, Comic Book Guy was once married in an online role-playing game. He and his Internet wife contemplated having children, but that would have severely drained his power crystals, in Season 16s Theres Something About Marrying, he hopes to wed a Xena, Warrior Princess cardboard figure. He is a well into his forties, but becomes sexually and romantically involved with Principal Skinners mother Agnes. They are nearly married at a science fiction convention, but Edna changes her mind, Comic Book Guy was not particularly surprised by this, saying, There are a million valid reasons, but which one did you pick. When Edna gently explains Its like Im DC Comics, and youre Marvel, in Married to the Blob Comic Book Guy marries Kumiko Nakamura, a Japanese Manga artist. Comic Book Guy is the owner of The Androids Dungeon & Baseball Card Shop, the comics, collectibles, and toys he sells are of wildly varying quality and often have very high prices. His store contains a level full of illegal videos. In Husbands and Knives, the store was closed due to bankruptcy when a comic book shop opened across the road, run by an owner with significantly better customer service. Azaria stated that he himself was always on the five of the list because he complained about the playing of the music
10.
Lenny and Carl
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Lenford Lenny Leonard and Carlton Carl Carlson are two supporting characters in the Fox animated series The Simpsons, voiced by Harry Shearer and Hank Azaria, respectively. They are best friends of Homer Simpson and work with him at the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant, Lenny and Carl are rarely seen apart and have a close relationship. Each possesses a degree in nuclear physics, but are often portrayed as blue-collar working men. Lenny is voiced by Harry Shearer and he is friends with Carl, Moe Szyslak, Barney Gumble and Homer Simpson. He works at the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant and possesses a degree in nuclear physics. Despite being shown in the First Church of Springfield, Lenny is a Buddhist — making him, Carl, born in Chicago, he is also a war hero and a three-time juror. His grandmother spent 20 years in a Soviet labor camp, hinting that Lenny may have ancestors from the former Soviet Union, during one episode, he is shown to be an adept guitar player. Homer the Great reveals Lenny was member number 12 of the Springfield chapter of the Stonecutters secret society, in the episode Half-Decent Proposal, Lenny is shown to have little regard for his own life, Quick and pointless, thats the death for me. Another example of his apathy towards salvation is that he shrugs after being pulled from a ladder which would have seen him, excluding unnamed background characters, Lenny is one of the few Springfield residents to persistently resist the lure of the Movementarians. Lenny is a member of the Republican Party, as indicated in Bart-Mangled Banner when he reveals his Dole/Kemp 96 American flag tattoo. His weapon of choice appears to be an AR-15 rifle, which he says are manufactured for a reason, to take out todays modern super animals like the flying squirrel and the electric eel. He had plastic surgery when a sudden upswing in the price of power plant stock led to most of the employees to have a big profit, following his plastic surgery Lenny had a diamond placed on one of his teeth, paid for by the Plants dental plan. In Burns Heir, both Mr. Burns and Waylon Smithers refer to him as Leonard, the way they refer to Homer as Simpson, though in The Frying Game. Lennys vices include alcohol and dressing up like a baby and he is also depicted as a cigarette smoker in early seasons. In Homerazzi Lenny is hinted to be a transvestite when he dresses up like Seven of Nine from Star Trek, Lenny drives a green two-door hatch back, whose license plate reads DUI GUY. Lenny has a relationship with his mother, who likes Carl. Vance Connor donated Lenny a kidney, Lenny has a mysterious medical problem with his left eye, as he has been told that he cannot place various objects in it, like puzzle jiggs and pudding. When he gets hurt he often yells Ow my eye, im not supposed to get in it
11.
Tufts University
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Tufts University is a private research university incorporated in the municipality of Medford, Massachusetts, United States. Tufts College was founded in 1852 by Christian Universalists who worked for years to open a nonsectarian institution of higher learning, Charles Tufts donated the land for the campus on Walnut Hill, the highest point in Medford, saying that he wanted to set a light on the hill. The name was changed to Tufts University in 1954, although the name remains the Trustees of Tufts College. For more than a century, Tufts was a small New England liberal arts college, the university is organized into ten schools, including two undergraduate degree programs and eight graduate divisions, on four campuses in the Boston metropolitan area and the French Alps. The university emphasizes active citizenship and public service in all of its disciplines and is known for its internationalism, among its schools is the United States oldest graduate school of international relations, the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. The School of the Museum of Fine Arts offers art programs affiliated with a major museum, the university maintains a campus in Downtown Boston which houses the medical, dental, and nutrition schools, affiliated with several medical centers in the area. Some of its programs have affiliations with the institutions of Harvard University. Tufts is a member of and athletically competes in the New England Small College Athletic Conference. Tufts accepted 14% of undergraduate applicants to the Class of 2020 from a pool of 20,223 and it is consistently ranked by U. S. News & World Report and Forbes as one of the top schools in the United States. In the 1840s, the Universalist Church wanted to open a college in New England and his 20-acre donation is still at the heart of Tufts now 150 acre campus, straddling Somerville and Medford. During his tenure, Ballou spent a year travelling and studying in the United Kingdom, the methods of instruction which he initiated were based on the tutorials that were conducted in the University of Oxford and the University of Edinburgh. Now more than 160 years old, Tufts is the third oldest college in the Boston area and that building now bears Ballous name. The campus opened in August 1854, President Ballou died in 1861 and was succeeded by Alonzo Ames Miner. Though not a graduate, his presidency was marked by several advances. These include the establishment of schools for Tufts which include Goddard Seminary, Westbrook Seminary. During the Civil War the college supported the Union cause. The mansion of Major George L. Stearns which stood on part of the campus was a station on the Underground Railroad, in addition to having the largest classes spring up,63 graduates served in the Union army. The first course of a program leading to a degree in civil engineering was established in 1865
12.
The Simpsons (season 2)
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The Simpsons second season originally aired on the Fox network between October 11,1990 and May 9,1991, and contained 22 episodes, beginning with Bart Gets an F. Another episode, Blood Feud, aired during the summer after the season finale. The executive producers for the production season were Matt Groening, James L. Brooks, and Sam Simon. The DVD box set was released on August 6,2002 in Region 1, July 8,2002 in Region 2, the second season featured a new opening sequence, which was shortened by fifteen seconds from its original length of roughly 1 minute,30 seconds. Starting with this season, there were three versions of the opening, a full roughly 1 minute 15 second long version, a 45-second version and this gave the shows editors more leeway. It would move from 8,00 PM on Sunday night to the time on Thursday where it would compete with The Cosby Show on NBC. Many of the producers, including James L. Brooks, were against the move because The Simpsons had been in the top 10 while airing on Sunday, all through the summer of 1990, several news outlets published stories about the supposed Bill vs. Bart rivalry. At the time, NBC had 208 television stations, while Fox only had 133, Bart Gets an F was the first episode to air against The Cosby Show and averaged an 18.4 Nielsen rating and 29% of the audience. In the weeks ratings, it finished tied for eighth behind The Cosby Show which had an 18.5 rating, however, an estimated 33.6 million viewers watched the episode, making it the number one show in terms of actual viewers that week. At the time, it was the most watched episode in the history of Fox, the next week, Simpson and Delilah had a 16.2 rating and 25% share while the Cosby Show managed to maintain its 18.5 rating. However, viewer-wise, The Simpsons won again with 29.9 million viewers, the next week, Treehouse of Horror fell in the ratings, finishing 24th. Ratings wise, new episodes of The Cosby Show beat The Simpsons every time during the second season, three Men and a Comic Book would boast the only victory over The Cosby Show, finishing 23rd in the weekly ratings while a rerun of Cosby finished 26th. At the end of the season, Cosby averaged as the fifth highest rated show on television while The Simpsons was 38th and it would not be until the third season episode Homer at the Bat that The Simpsons would beat The Cosby Show in the ratings. The show remained in its Thursday timeslot until the sixth season, on aggregate review website Metacritic, a site which uses a weighted mean score, the season scored a 91/100 based on seven critics, indicating universal acclaim. The DVD boxset for season two was released by 20th Century Fox in the United States and Canada on August 6,2002, as well as every episode from the season, the DVD release features bonus material including commentaries for every episode. Bibliography Season 2 at The Simpsons. com Season 2 at the BBC Season 2 at TV. com
13.
The Birdcage
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The Birdcage is a 1996 American comedy film directed by Mike Nichols, written by Elaine May and starring Robin Williams, Gene Hackman, Nathan Lane and Dianne Wiest. Dan Futterman, Calista Flockhart, Hank Azaria, and Christine Baranski appear in supporting roles and it is a remake of the 1978 Franco-Italian film La Cage aux Folles by Édouard Molinaro starring Michel Serrault and Ugo Tognazzi. They live together in an apartment above The Birdcage with Agador, one day, Armands son Val comes home to visit and announces that he has secretly been seeing a young woman named Barbara, whom he intends to marry. Though initially unhappy with the secrecy, Armand is thrilled by the news, along with Albert, unfortunately, the couple learns that Barbaras parents are the ultraconservative Republican Senator Kevin Keeley and his wife Louise. Louise and Barbara convince Senator Keeley that a visit to his daughters fiancees family would be the way to stave off bad press. Barbara shares news of her fathers plan to Val, to cover the Goldmans alternate lifestyle, she has told her parents that Armand is a straight man and cultural attaché to Greece. Armand dislikes the idea of deception, but agrees to play along, hiring contractors to redecorate the apartment to more closely resemble a traditional household. Albert initially wants to use his skills as a drag artist to play Vals mother, but Val and Armand fear that the trick will not work, and instead convince him to pose as Vals uncle. Armand contacts Katherine and explains the situation, she agrees to the farce, promising to come to the party, Armand then tries to coach Albert on how to be straight, but Alberts flamboyant nature makes the task difficult. When Albert overhears Val and Armand discussing how he might ruin the whole charade, he takes offense, the Keeleys arrive at the Goldmans redecorated apartment, they are greeted by Agador, who is passing himself off as a Greek butler named Spartacus for the night. Unfortunately, Katherine gets caught in traffic, and the Keeleys begin wondering where Mrs. Coleman is, suddenly, Albert enters, dressed and styled as a conservative middle-aged woman. Despite the success of the evening, trouble begins when Senator Keeleys chauffeur betrays him to two tabloid journalists who have been hoping for a scoop on the Coalition story. While they research The Birdcage, they remove a note that Armand has left on the door informing Katherine not to come upstairs. When she finally arrives, she reveals the deceptions. Though Armand and Albert scramble to find a new story, Val instead confesses to the scheme. Senator Keeley is initially confused by the situation, but Louise both informs him of the truth and scolds him for being concerned with his career than his familys happiness. He agrees to the marriage, but discovers that the paparazzi are waiting outside to take his picture and they all dance out of the nightclub door and reach safety, preventing a disaster. The film concludes at Barbara and Vals interfaith wedding, which families, including Katherine and Agador, attend
14.
Godzilla (1998 film)
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Godzilla is a 1998 American monster film directed and co-written by Roland Emmerich that is a reimagining of Tohos Godzilla franchise. It is the 23rd film in the Godzilla franchise and the first Godzilla film to be produced by a Hollywood studio. It stars Matthew Broderick, Jean Reno, Maria Pitillo, Hank Azaria, Kevin Dunn, Arabella Field, Michael Lerner and it also marks the only time that producer Devlin and director Emmerich worked on an intellectual property they did not own. The film is dedicated to the memory of Godzilla franchise producer and creator Tomoyuki Tanaka, despite turning in a profit, it was considered a box office disappointment. The film swept the Golden Raspberry Awards in 1999, with two wins for Worst Remake or Sequel and Worst Supporting Actress and was nominated for Worst Picture, Worst Director, two planned sequels were abandoned and an animated series, Godzilla, The Series, was produced instead. The character has appeared in other media as Zilla. Following a nuclear test in French Polynesia back between the 1940s and 1950s, the fallout irradiates a lizards nest, decades later, an enormous sea creature suddenly attacks a Japanese fishing vessel in the South Pacific, leaving only one fisherman alive. Dr. Niko Nick Tatopoulos, an NRC biologist, is sent to Panama and Jamaica, where a village, footprints. Nick collects skin samples that lead him to believe the creature is a mutant created by nuclear testing. It travels to New York City during the rainiest week of the season, the city is evacuated before the military attempts to kill it but fails in an initial attempt. Nick later collects a sample, and after performing a pregnancy test. Aspiring journalist and ex-girlfriend of Nicks, Audrey Timmonds, uncovers a tape in his possession containing classified information about the creature, with the classified information now released, Nick is removed from the operation, and abandons Audrey. Soon, he is kidnapped by Philippe Roaché, a guy he met before coming to Manhattan. Suspecting a nest somewhere in the city, they cooperate with Nick to trace, following the militarys second attempt to kill Godzilla, the creature dives into the Hudson River to escape. Attacked by US Navy submarines, including USS Utah, it sinks to the river bed, meanwhile, Nick and Philippes strike team, followed by Audrey and her cameraman Victor Animal Palotti, find the nest inside Madison Square Garden and locate over 200 eggs. Before the French can succeed in destroying them, the eggs suddenly hatch, Nick, Animal, Audrey and Philippe take refuge in the Gardens broadcast booth and send out a live news-report to alert the military of what will happen if the offspring escape. A prompt response involving an airstrike is initiated as the four escape moments before Air Force jets bomb the arena, Audrey and Nick reunite, before the adult Godzilla, having survived, emerges from the Gardens ruins. It chases the four across Manhattan, believing them responsible for the deaths of its young, after a taxi chase, they manage to trap Godzilla within the Brooklyn Bridge where the returning Air Force jets manage to shoot it down
15.
Mystery Men
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The film details the story of a trio of lesser superheroes with unimpressive powers who are required to save the day. Despite its list of stars, Mystery Men made a little over $33 million worldwide against a $68 million budget, in the metropolis of Champion City, the would-be superhero team of Mr. To create a need for himself, Amazing uses his alter ego, billionaire lawyer Lance Hunt, Mr. Furious, while spying on Casanova Frankensteins mansion, discovers Amazings capture and informs the others. After an unsuccessful attempt, the three realize they need more allies, and through word-of-mouth and try-outs, they recruit Invisible Boy, the Spleen. The newly formed team assaults Casanova, which succeeds in annoying him. While drunk from celebrating their victory, the team is killed in retaliation by Tony P and the Disco Boys. The Sphinx trains them, but his methods annoy Mr. Furious – he has them complete rote team-building exercises and they also seek out mad scientist Doc Heller, who specializes in non-lethal weaponry, to equip them for their battle. Without Amazing, the team despairs of saving the city, with new-found purpose, they assault the mansion and, by making effective use of their negligible superpowers and Hellers weapons, manage to subdue most of Casanova Frankensteins henchmen. While the team tries to stop the device, Mr. Furious takes on Casanova Frankenstein, after initially taking a beating, Mr. Furious unleashes his inner rage and manages to fight effectively for the first time. He defeats Casanova Frankenstein, who is thrown into the core of the Psycho-frakulator, the rest of the team helps The Bowler use her bowling ball to destroy the device and escape the mansion as it implodes. The team is interviewed by reporters, begging to know their team name, the musical score for Mystery Men was composed by Stephen Warbeck. Written within a time span, the score was recorded on the Sony Scoring Stage. And then Mike Fisher and the other percussionists have brought along a range of stuff which are so interesting and varied that we keep picking bits of those. After Warbecks contributions were completed, the producers decided to alter various scenes. Because of this, composer Shirley Walker was brought in to additional music. A soundtrack album was released on July 6,1999 by Interscope Records. By the end of its run, on October 14, the film had grossed $29,762,011 domestically and $3,699,000 overseas, given its $68 million budget, the film is a box office bomb. The film received mixed to positive reviews from critics, on Metacritic, the film has a 65/100 rating based on 24 critics, signifying generally favorable reviews
16.
America's Sweethearts
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Americas Sweethearts is a 2001 American romantic comedy film directed by Joe Roth and written by Billy Crystal and Peter Tolan. It stars Julia Roberts, Billy Crystal, John Cusack and Catherine Zeta-Jones, with Hank Azaria, Stanley Tucci, Seth Green, Alan Arkin, film publicist Lee Phillips is tasked with promoting a film featuring movie stars Gwen Harrison and Eddie Thomas. His job is complicated by the fact that the director of the film, Hal Weidmann, refuses to show him a cut of the film. To promote the film, Lee decides to focus on the two stars, Gwen and Eddie, once known as Americas Sweethearts, unfortunately, they are now going through an ugly split. As a result of Gwens affair with Hector, Eddie has a breakdown and is at a New Age retreat. Lee decides that his best chance to promote the film is to reunite the couple and he tries to get them to attend the junket, playing on Gwens ego by telling her she will look better to the press and her fans if she attends. Lee bribes the retreat owner with a car to convince Eddie to come, Gwens sister and personal assistant, Kiki, and Gwens lover are also involved. When Eddie sees Kiki at the junket she has lost weight and is now physically attractive, as the junket begins, Eddie and Gwen are forced together as well as Kiki and Hector. Gwen encourages Kiki to be her go-between with Eddie so she can have some time with Hector. Eddie and Kiki begin to warm to each other, at first, Gwen is oblivious, but eventually discovers Kikis feelings for Eddie. Out of her own desire to maintain her career by convincing the press that they are trying to reconcile and she succeeds in hurting Kikis feeling and causing her to eat again. However, Gwens behavior enrages Eddie who always seen past her for the person she is and he admits to Lee that hes in love with Kiki and has always liked her for the person she is inside and out. Realizing this along with how unhappy Eddie was with Gwen, Lee encourages him to tell Kiki, when the film is shown, the press, cast and crew discover that Weidmann junked the script, he made a reality movie, composed of footage shot making the film. The footage shows Gwen as self-centered, conniving and manipulative, Eddie is seen as a decent man who becomes paranoid as he begins to suspect that his wife is having an affair. Gwen and Hector are the antagonists, Eddie is the protagonist, the cast and crew--particularly Gwen--are offended by the direction that Weidmann went with instead of sticking to the movie script and demands an explanation. Eddie is the only cast member pleased with Weidmanns direction and wants to work with him again, because of praise from the press, the studio is forced to release the film. Gwen tries to salvage the situation by announcing that she is reconciling with Eddie, however, he sees past it and openly admits that hes done with her. Eddie mentions their relationship was a mistake and declares his love for Kiki and she reciprocates and stands up to Gwen for the first time
17.
Shattered Glass (film)
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Shattered Glass is a 2003 American-Canadian drama film written and directed by Billy Ray. The screenplay is based on a September 1998 Vanity Fair article by H. G. Bissinger, in it he chronicled the rapid rise of Stephen Glass journalistic career at The New Republic during the mid-1990s and his steep fall when his widespread journalistic fraud was exposed. The film, although not a box office success, was received critically. Stephen Glass is a reporter at The New Republic, where he has made a name for himself for writing colorful stories and his editor, Michael Kelly, is revered by the magazines young staff. Kelly is fired after he stands up to his boss Marty Peretz on a personnel issue. After the article is published, Adam Penenberg, a reporter at Forbes Digital Tool, Penenberg is unable to uncover any corroborating evidence for Glass story and brings his concerns to The New Republic. Penenberg and his colleague Andy Fox can find no proof Jukt or an Ian Restil even exist, Lane drives Glass to a hotel where the hacker convention supposedly took place. Glass finally admits to Lane that he wasnt actually at the hacker convention, Lane is outraged, but proceeds cautiously after telling Glass that he wants the truth from now on. He suspends Glass, earning him the enmity of the staff reporters, caitlin Avey, Glass friend and fellow writer at the magazine, is so angered that she considers quitting. Glass pleads for another chance, but Lane orders him out of the office, searching through back issues of The New Republic, Lane realizes that much, if not all, of Glass previous work was falsified. When an emotional Glass returns to the office, Lane fires him, caitlin accuses Lane of wanting to get rid of everyone who was loyal to Michael Kelly, but he challenges her to act like the good reporter she is. The following day, a receptionist wryly remarks to Lane that all this trouble could have been averted if the required photographs. Lane discovers the staff has written an apology to their readers and they spontaneously applaud their editor, signifying their unity. At a meeting with Glass and a lawyer, Glass tacitly admits that 27 of the articles he wrote for The New Republic were fabricated in whole or in part. An epilogue reveals that Glass decided to attend law school, producer Craig Baumgarten, working with HBO executive Gaye Hirsch, optioned H. G. Bissingers Vanity Fair magazine article about Stephen Glass for an HBO original movie. They hired screenwriter Billy Ray based on the script he had written for the TNT film Legalese, Ray grew up with Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein as his heroes and studied journalism for a year. It was this love for journalism that motivated him to make Shattered Glass, a sudden change in management put the film into turnaround and it remained inactive for two years until Cruise/Wagner Productions bought it from HBO. They took it to Lionsgate and Ray asked the studio if he could direct in addition to writing it, Ray stuck with the project because he knew Bissinger, having previously adapted one of his books, Friday Night Lights
18.
Along Came Polly
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Along Came Polly is a 2004 American romantic comedy film written and directed by John Hamburg, starring Ben Stiller and Jennifer Aniston in the lead roles. Returning home to New York alone, he attempts to piece his life back together, Reuben goes to an art gallery with his friend, Sandy Lyle, where he runs into former junior high school classmate Polly Prince. The contrast between their two personalities is a source of comedy throughout the film until Lisa returns and tells him she wants to reconcile their relationship. Meanwhile, Sandy, a self-centered, former teen idol, is trying to make a comeback by having a documentary filmed about his role as Judas in an amateur production of Jesus Christ Superstar. Reuben is torn between the free-spirited Polly and the safe and familiar Lisa, to solve this issue, he enters information about Polly and Lisa into a computer insurance program which measures risk. The computer tells him that, despite his numerous blunders with her, Polly joins Reuben on a sailing trip where he is to inspect Leland Van Lew, a high-risk client, but she is offended when she sees his risk analysis of her. She rejects his proposal to move in together, telling him that he would be better off going back to Lisa, back home, Reuben tries talking to Polly, but to no avail. He eventually invites Lisa to Sandys opening show, where he learns that Polly is leaving New York for Cincinnati in a few hours. After a speech given by his father, Irving, to Sandy about not living in the past, Reuben realizes he wants to be with Polly and not Lisa, and he rushes to her apartment to stop her from leaving. Polly is not convinced she should stay with him, so Reuben eats food off the ground to prove he is capable of taking risks, Reuben and Polly vacation on the same beach where Lisa and he had their honeymoon. Reuben again encounters Claude, but instead of being angry, he thanks Claude before heading into the water with Polly to join Van Lew on his new boat, the film opened at #1 at the U. S. Box office, earning $27,721,185 USD in its weekend, ending the month-long reign of The Lord of the Rings. Along Came Polly received negative reviews, critics commented that Aniston, the film holds an approval rating of 25% at Rotten Tomatoes based on 157 reviews. Metacritic, which assigns an average score from 1 to 100 to reviews from mainstream critics. The film was a success, making $172 million at the box office worldwide off a $42 million budget. Ben Stiller earned a Golden Raspberry Award nomination for Worst Actor for his performance in the film, official website Along Came Polly at the Internet Movie Database Along Came Polly at AllMovie Along Came Polly at Box Office Mojo
19.
Run Fatboy Run
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It was released in the United Kingdom on 7 September 2007, in Canada on 10 September 2007, and in the United States on 28 March 2008. Dennis Doyle is about to marry Libby, his pregnant fiancée, however, he gets cold feet and runs away on the day of the wedding. Five years later, Dennis discovers that Libby, who has their son, Jake, has started seeing successful but arrogant Whit and realizes that he has truly lost her. He finds out that Whit is running the Nike River Marathon in London, days before the race, Whit proposes to Libby at her birthday party. Libby accepts and this puts Dennis in a state of deep depression, as a result, he decides to quit the race. Meanwhile, Jake, who has formed a crush on a girl in his class, having made that mistake himself, he decides to race after all. Dennis starts the race alongside Whit, who informs Dennis that he intends to move Libby and Jake to Chicago, stretchers prepare to take Dennis to the hospital. Whit continues, but is taken to the hospital after feeling pain in his leg, Libby goes to the hospital to find Dennis, but only finds Whit, who claims loudly that his injuries are the result of Dennis deliberately tripping him. The doctor tells him he is not actually injured and has hit the wall. Jake is playing with Whits hospital bed, and to Libbys disgust, a panting Dennis almost hits the wall but after an emotional epiphany, his goal to complete the race is restored. As Whit tries to justify his behaviour, he blurts out his intentions to have Libby, a fed up Libby puts the engagement ring on a table, telling Whit nobodys perfect and storms out with Jake. The two go to meet Dennis as he arrives at the finish line. Dennis falls over just metres from the line and cannot get up until he sees Libby and Jake calling to him at which point he gets up, sprints to the finish. Some time later, notably healthier and fully recovered from his injuries and he says that he has something to ask her, but is interrupted by Jake, and says hell talk to her later. However, just after she shuts the door, he knocks again, in the films postscript, Gordon — on the bridge of a new yacht — tells the tale of the race to two attractive bikini-clad women, whom he invites aboard for a drink. The camera then pans to reveal to the audience that hes as usual naked below the waist, Run Fatboy Run topped the United Kingdom box office, earning £2 million in its opening weekend, and remained at the top of the chart for four weeks. To date, it has earned over £11 million in the United Kingdom, worldwide, the film grossed $33.5 million. The DVD was released on 18 February 2008 in the United Kingdom and it was also released simultaneously on the HD DVD and Blu-Ray formats
20.
Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian
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It is the second installment in the Night at the Museum trilogy, and a sequel to the 2006 film Night at the Museum. It is also the last Night at the Museum film to feature Jake Cherry as Nick Daley, the film was released theatrically on May 22,2009 by 20th Century Fox. Like its predecessor, it received mixed reception and a box office success by grossing over $413 million on a $150 million budget. Larry Daley, former guard at the American Museum of Natural History. He returns to the museum, discovering most of the exhibits will be moved to the Federal Archives at the Smithsonian Institution, the Tablet of Akmenrah is to remain in the museum, leaving most of the exhibits without the ability to come to life at night. After the exhibits are moved, Larry receives a call from the cowboy Jedediah that Dexter the monkey stole the Tablet. Larry travels to Washington, DC, navigating his way to the archives with help from his son Nick while posing as a night guard, Kahmunrah reveals his plans to use the tablet’s powers to conquer the world. Larry escapes, aided by General George A. Custer, who is captured, and then the adventurous Amelia Earhart, the two evade Kahmunrah’s men, trapping them in the V-J Day in Times Square. Kahmunrah enlists fellow historical leaders, Ivan the Terrible, Napoleon Bonaparte, Jedediah tries to help but is placed in an hourglass. Kahmunrah is unable to open the Gate of the Underworld with the tablet, sending Larry, while searching for someone in the museum who can help, Larry and Amelia end up falling in love. They travel to the National Air and Space Museum, briefly encountering the statue of Abraham Lincoln at the Lincoln Memorial. Inside the museum, Larry grounds all of the aircraft and rockets from taking off, Napoleon, Ivan, and Capone’s troops arrive, prompting Larry and Amelia to escape using the Wright Flyer. They crash the plane into the Smithsonian, where Kahmunrah uses the combination to summon an army of bird-headed warriors. Lincoln crashes in through the window, frightening the warriors back into the Underworld, Amelia gathers an army of allies including Larry’s friends and Custer, leading to a climactic battle. Larry obtains the tablet, banishing Kahmunrah back to the Underworld, Amelia flies Larry and the New York exhibits back home, giving Larry a final kiss before taking off in her plane, knowing she will become dust before reaching the Smithsonian. Larry sells his company, donating the money to the museum to renovate it, Larry is rehired as night guard and aids a woman who resembles Amelia. Ben Stiller as Larry Daley, a security guard turned CEO of Daley Devices. Ricky Gervais as Dr. McPhee, the curator at the Museum of Natural History, Jake Cherry as Nicky Daley, the son of Larry Daley
21.
The Smurfs (film)
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The Smurfs is a 2011 American 3D live-action/computer-animated comedy film loosely based on The Smurfs comic book series created by the Belgian comics artist Peyo. It was directed by Raja Gosnell and stars Hank Azaria, Neil Patrick Harris, Jayma Mays and Sofía Vergara, with Jonathan Winters and Katy Perry as the voices of Papa Smurf and it is the first CGI/live-action hybrid film produced by Sony Pictures Animation and in The Smurfs duology. During early production, the film was known as The Smurfs Movie, the film tells the story of the Smurfs as they get lost in New York, and try to find a way to get back home before Gargamel catches them. Filming began in March 2010 in New York City, after having the release date changed three times, Columbia Pictures released The Smurfs on July 29,2011. Box office analysts predicted the film would tie with Cowboys & Aliens. The Smurfs reached the $500 million milestone in the weekend of September 23–25,2011, a sequel, titled The Smurfs 2, was released on July 31,2013. As the Smurfs get ready for the Blue Moon Festival, Papa Smurf sees in his cauldron a vision of Clumsy Smurf reaching for a dragon wand, not wanting this vision to come true, Papa Smurf disallows Clumsy to pick Smurf Roots. Clumsy disobeys Papa and ends up unintentionally leading Gargamel and Azrael to the village, the Smurfs all flee for their lives while Clumsy unknowingly runs towards the Forbidden Falls, with Papa Smurf, Smurfette, Grouchy, Brainy and Gutsy running after him. They find him at the edge of a cliff, and while trying to help him up, to make matters worse, Gargamel and Azrael follow and the Smurfs end up in the apartment of Patrick and Grace Winslow, a married and expectant couple and their Basset Hound Elway. After clarifying things, the Winslows befriend them and allow them to stay in their apartment, the next day, needing to find a star gazer, the Smurfs follow Patrick to his workplace at Anjelou Cosmetics, misunderstanding the previous explanation of his job as fortune-telling. He calls Grace to pick them up, Gargamel manages to bust out of jail with the aid of flies. By that time, Papa Smurf manages to calculate the night he, but first, he must figure out the spell to do so. Patrick tells them there is an old bookstore in the city near Anjelou Cosmetics as he bonds with the Smurfs after sending what he believed to be his finished advertisement to be published. However, the day, Patrick learns that Clumsy accidentally attached a blue-moon themed side project. Forced to search on their own, the Smurfs find the store and find the book L’Histoire des Schtroumpfs by researcher Peyo, containing the spell to turn the moon blue. But learning of their location, Gargamel sneaks into the bookstore and finds a dragon wand, transferring his magic into it as he uses it to capture Papa Smurf as he sends the others to safety. At Belvedere Castle, after increasing the dragon wands power with bits of Papa Smurfs beard, Gargamel finds himself facing all the Smurfs, as the Smurf army battles Gargamel, Smurfette defeats Azrael and saves Papa Smurf before they join the fray. Though Gargamel attempts to break the Smurfs by killing Papa, Patrick saves him while Gutsy knocks the dragon out of the wizards hand
22.
Brockmire
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Brockmire is an American television comedy series that premiered on IFC on April 5,2017. The show stars Hank Azaria, Amanda Peet, and Tyrel Jackson Williams, Azaria plays a baseball play-by-play announcer. On April 5, right before its premiere, it was announced that IFC had renewed the show for a second 8-episode season, Brockmire is a baseball play-by-play announcer who is fired after a profanity-filled breakdown while live on air after discovering his wife was having an affair. Azaria based the voice and broadcasting style on Bob Murphy. Azaria later appeared as Brockmire in 2012 on the NFL Networks The Rich Eisen Podcast to discuss the National Football League, in November 2012, with Azaria fielding offers for a movie based on the character, he sued actor Craig Bierko over the ownership of the Brockmire voice. Bierko claimed that he helped develop the character, in February 2016, IFC ordered a comedy series based on Brockmires character. In the series, Brockmire returns to a booth in Minor League Baseball ten years after his last baseball broadcasting job. The show is written by Joel Church-Cooper and directed by Tim Kirkby, Azaria, Church-Cooper, Kirkby and Mike Farah and Joe Farrell from Funny Or Die are the series executive producers. Amanda Peet joined the series in May 2016 as the owner of the Morristown Frackers, Tyrel Jackson Williams was cast as an intern and assistant to Brockmire in June 2016. Baseball writers and broadcasters who will have cameo appearances include Joe Buck, Jonah Keri, Brian Kenny, Baseball scenes of the show were filmed at Luther Williams Field in Macon, Georgia. Official website Brockmire at the Internet Movie Database
23.
Mad About You
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Mad About You is an American sitcom that aired on NBC from September 23,1992 to May 24,1999. The show starred Paul Reiser and Helen Hunt as a married couple in New York City. Near the end of the run, they have a baby daughter. Helen Hunt and Paul Reiser were paid $1 million per episode for the last season, however, ratings fell sharply that year as the series was shuffled away from its Tuesday slot to prop up a fledgling Monday night line-up of comedies on NBC. The shows theme song, Final Frontier, was composed by Reiser, the theme was originally performed by Andrew Gold, but a version performed by Anita Baker made its debut at the beginning of the sixth season. Bakers version was used on several episodes of the last two seasons, in addition to Golds version, and appears on the soundtrack album. Golds version is available on the collection Thank You for Being a Friend, Paul Reiser as Paul Buchman, a filmmaker. After attending the New York University Film School, he struggled for recognition before finally succeeding in filmmaking in New York City and he and his family reside in Union Square. Helen Hunt as Jamie James Buchman, the daughter of Gus. After seven boyfriends at Yale University, she met Paul Buchman at a New York newsstand by stealing his copy of The New York Times with an implausible excuse and her difficult relationship with her mother-in-law is an ongoing source of jokes on the show. Maui as Murray, the Buchmans collie mix dog and he was a puppy when Paul found him, and Paul met Jamie while walking him. He sometimes chases a mouse, and often ends up crashing into the bedroom wall. In a later episode, Jamie does discover the real mouse that Murray has been chasing, in the two-part series finale, The Final Frontier, adult Mabel says that Murray died when she was six, but she was not told until she was twelve. Twice voted the most popular dog by the readers of TV Guide, Murray is loyal and endearing while being laid back. Maui was originally found in a Castaic, California, animal shelter by noted Hollywood animal trainer Boone Narr, maui weighed 58 pounds and was primarily trained by Betty Linn. His first assignments came in TV commercials and as the backup for the top dog in the feature film Bingo, anne Ramsay as Lisa Stemple, Jamies older sister. After an envious rage, she blames Jamie for all of her problems in an interview with her shrink that becomes a chapter of a book called Manics. With no place else to go, she does her laundry at Paul and Jamies apartment while scavenging through her sisters clothes, every visit from her parents triggers her eating disorder
24.
Friends
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Friends is an American television sitcom, created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, which aired on NBC from September 22,1994, to May 6,2004, lasting ten seasons. With an ensemble cast starring Jennifer Aniston, Courteney Cox, Lisa Kudrow, Matt LeBlanc, Matthew Perry and David Schwimmer, the series was produced by Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions, in association with Warner Bros. The original executive producers were Kevin S. Bright, Marta Kauffman, Kauffman and Crane began developing Friends under the title Insomnia Cafe between November and December 1993. They presented the idea to Bright, and together they pitched a seven-page treatment of the show to NBC, after several script rewrites and changes, including a title change to Six of One and Friends Like Us, the series was finally named Friends. Filming took place at Warner Bros, All ten seasons of Friends ranked within the top ten of the final television season ratings, ultimately reaching the No.1 spot with its eighth season. Friends received acclaim throughout its run, becoming one of the most popular shows of all time. The series was nominated for 62 Primetime Emmy Awards, winning the Outstanding Comedy Series award in 2002 for its eighth season. The show ranked no.21 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time, in 1997, the episode The One with the Prom Video was ranked no.100 on TV Guides 100 Greatest Episodes of All-Time. In 2013, Friends ranked no.24 on the Writers Guild of Americas 101 Best Written TV Series of All Time, Rachel Green flees her wedding day and seeks out childhood friend Monica Geller, a New York City chef. Episodes typically depict the friends comedic and romantic adventures and career issues, the six characters each have many dates and serious relationships, such as Monica with Richard Burke and Ross with Emily Waltham. The series featured six main characters throughout its run, Jennifer Aniston portrays Rachel Green, Rachel first moves in with Monica in season one after nearly marrying Barry Farber, whom she realizes she does not love. Rachel and Ross Geller are later involved in a relationship throughout the series. Rachel’s first job is as a waitress at the coffeehouse Central Perk, Rachel and Ross have a daughter named Emma in The One Where Rachel Has a Baby, Part Two at the end of season eight. In the final episode of the series, Ross and Rachel finally confess their love for each other, Courteney Cox portrays Monica Geller, the mother hen of the group and a chef, known for her perfectionist, bossy, competitive, and obsessive-compulsive nature. Monica is often teased by the others for having been extremely overweight as a child. Monica works as a chef in various restaurants throughout the show, Monica’s first serious relationship is with long-time family friend Richard Burke, who is twenty-one years her senior. The couple maintains a relationship for some time, until Richard expresses that he does not want to have children. Lisa Kudrow portrays Phoebe Buffay, a masseuse and self-taught musician
25.
Huff (TV series)
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Huff is an American television comedy series produced by Sony Pictures Television for Showtime. The series was broadcast for two seasons, during 2004–2006, the series was created by Bob Lowry and features Hank Azaria as Dr. Craig Huff Huffstodt, a psychiatrist whose life changes abruptly when a 15-year-old client commits suicide in his office. The series follows Huff, his family, and his friend Russell Tupper, played by Oliver Platt, the first season was broadcast on Showtime between November 7,2004 and January 30,2005. The second season premiered on April 2,2006 and ended on June 25,2006, the two-hour pilot episode was filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia. Later, production for Huff was moved to Delfino Stages in Los Angeles, besides Azaria, the cast included Paget Brewster, Blythe Danner, Oliver Platt, Anton Yelchin, Andy Comeau, Kimberly Brooks, Liza Lapira, and Faith Prince. Those making recurring guest appearances on the show during its first season included Lara Flynn Boyle, Robert Forster, Swoosie Kurtz, Annie Potts, in its second season, Huff also managed to attract high-profile recurring guest stars, including Sharon Stone and Anjelica Huston. Hank Azaria as Dr. Craig Huff Huffstodt – a Los Angeles psychiatrist whose life is sent reeling when a tragedy occurs in his office, an eternal caretaker who thinks he can save people, Huff learns very brutally that he cant save everyone. He deals with the functionally insane all day, and when he comes home, Paget Brewster as Beth Huffstodt – Huffs loving yet capricious wife. She helps Huff avoid meltdowns, while providing welcome, wifely support, Oliver Platt as Russell Tupper – Huffs lawyer, longtime friend and former running buddy from their single days. Although a source of ethics and morality, he still gets it done with a sense of humor. Blythe Danner as Isabelle Izzy Huffstodt – Huffs mother who has lived in the apartment above the garage since the breakup of her marriage, Izzy is tough and manipulative but also funny and irreverent. Anton Yelchin as Byrd Huffstodt – Huff and Beths 14-year-old son and he is a loving child who is concerned with his fathers well being and to whats going on in the family. Andy Comeau as Theodore Teddy Huffstodt – Huffs younger brother, literally and figuratively locked away in a private mental institution, Teddys mental illness brings clarity of thought for Huff during his visits. Kimberly Brooks as Paula Dellahouse – Huffs office manager who protects him as much as she provokes him and she has been with Huff for a long time and knows him and his family very well. Liza Lapira as Maggie Del Rosario – Russells utterly devoted yet pull-no-punches assistant. She cares for him, covers for him and curses him, Faith Prince as Kelly Knippers – a television sales rep whom Russell meets and woos while shopping for a flat screen. A wild night of partying and debauchery results in a pregnancy that changes both their lives, Huff - Season One was released on Region 1 DVD on March 21,2006. All 13 episodes from the first season are presented in Anamorphic widescreen with Dolby Digital 5.1 Audio, extras include commentary tracks on four episodes, three featurettes, five minutes of deleted scenes and a gag reel
26.
Spamalot
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Monty Pythons Spamalot is a musical comedy adapted from the 1975 film Monty Python and the Holy Grail. Like the film, it is an irreverent parody of the Arthurian Legend. The original 2005 Broadway production, directed by Mike Nichols, won three Tony Awards, including the Tony Award for Best Musical of the 2004–2005 season and received 14 Tony Award nominations. During its initial run of over 1,500 performances it was seen by more than two people and grossed over $175 million. This was recorded by Eric Idle, a historian gives a brief overview of medieval England. In a miscommunication between the actors and the narrator, the actors sing a song about Finland. The Historian returns, irritated, and tells the frolicking Finns that he was talking about England, the scene immediately changes to a dreary, dark village with penitent monks in hooded robes chanting Latin. He encounters a pair of sentries who are interested in debating whether two swallows could successfully carry a coconut than in listening to the king. Sir Robin, a collector of plague victims, and Lancelot and they agree to become Knights of the Round Table together, Lancelot for the fighting, and Robin for the singing and the dancing. Arthur attempts to convince a peasant named Dennis Galahad that he, Arthur, is king of England because the Lady of the Lake gave him Excalibur, the sword given only to the man fit to rule England. However, Dennis and his mother, Mrs Galahad, are political radicals, to settle the issue, Arthur has the Lady Of The Lake and her Laker Girls appear to turn Dennis into a knight. Cheered on by the girls, the Lady Of The Lake turns Dennis into Sir Galahad and together, they sing a generic Broadway love song, complete with chandelier. They are joined by Sir Robin and Sir Lancelot, and together with Sir Bedevere, in the midst of their revelry, they are contacted by God who tells them to locate the Holy Grail. Urged on by the Lady Of The Lake, the Knights set off and they travel throughout the land until they reach a castle, only to be viciously taunted by lewd French soldiers. Defeated, they leave in a hurry when the French begin taunting them again, sending cancan dancers after them, Arthur and his followers manage to run into the safety of the wings before the French catapult the Trojan Rabbit at them. Sir Robin and his minstrels follow King Arthur and Patsy into a dark and very expensive forest, King Arthur meets the terrifying but silly Knights who say Ni, who demand a shrubbery. King Arthur despairs of finding one, but Patsy cheers him up, the Knights accept it, but next demand that King Arthur put on a musical and bring it to Broadway, implying that it need only be Broadway-style, but not an Andrew Lloyd Webber. The mere mention of his name causes everyone to cover their ears, King Arthur and Patsy promptly set off in search of Jews
27.
Tuesdays with Morrie (film)
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Tuesdays with Morrie is a 1999 television film adaptation of Mitch Alboms book of the same title. It features Jack Lemmon in a role for which he won an Emmy award, Mitch became caught up with his career as a sport commentator and journalist. He ignored his girlfriend and did not make time to do things in life that are of the most value to a human being. Now he has learned that Morrie, one of his old professors, is dying of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, reconnecting with Morrie teaches Mitch a lot about his old friend and himself
28.
Uprising (2001 film)
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Uprising is a 2001 war/drama television miniseries about the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. The film was directed by Jon Avnet and written by Avnet and it was filmed in multiple locations, including Bratislava, Slovakia and Innsbruck in Tyrol, Austria. This miniseries was first aired on the NBC television network over two nights during November 2001. The miniseriess soundtrack was the last film score composed by Maurice Jarre, polish Jews imprisoned in the Warsaw Ghetto rise up against the Nazi German army in 1943. The German title for the film is Uprising, Der Aufstand, mila 18 List of Holocaust films Vladka Meed Uprising at the Internet Movie Database
29.
Emmy Award
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An Emmy Award, or simply Emmy, recognizes excellence in the television industry, and corresponds to the Academy Award, the Tony Award, and the Grammy Award. Because Emmy Awards are given in various sectors of the American television industry, Regional Emmy Awards are also presented throughout the country at various times through the year, recognizing excellence in local and statewide television. In addition, International Emmys are awarded for excellence in TV programming produced, each is responsible for administering a particular set of Emmy ceremonies. The Los Angeles-based Academy of Television Arts & Sciences established the Emmy Award as part of an image-building and public relations opportunity. The first Emmy Awards ceremony took place on January 25,1949, at the Hollywood Athletic Club, shirley Dinsdale has the distinction of receiving the very first Emmy Award for Most Outstanding Television Personality, during that first awards ceremony. In the 1950s, the ATAS expanded the Emmys into a national event, in 1955, the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences was formed in New York City as a sister organization to serve members on the East Coast, and help to also supervise the Emmys. The NATAS also established regional chapters throughout the United States, with each one developing their own local Emmy awards show for local programming, the ATAS still however maintained its separate regional ceremony honoring local programming in the Los Angeles Area. Originally there was only one Emmy Awards ceremony held per year to honor shows nationally broadcast in the United States, in 1974, the first Daytime Emmy Awards ceremony was held to specifically honor achievement in national daytime programming. Other area-specific Emmy Awards ceremonies soon followed, also, the International Emmy Awards, honoring television programs produced and initially aired outside the U. S. was established in the early 1970s. Meanwhile, all Emmys awarded prior to the emergence of these separate, in 1977, due to various conflicts, the ATAS and the NATAS agreed to split ties. However, they agreed to share ownership of the Emmy statue and trademark. With the rise of television in the 1980s, cable programs first became eligible for the Primetime Emmys in 1988. The ATAS also began accepting original online-only web television programs in 2013, the Emmy statuette, depicting a winged woman holding an atom, was designed by television engineer Louis McManus, who used his wife as the model. The TV Academy rejected a total of forty-seven proposals before settling on McManus design in 1948. The statuette has become the symbol of the TV Academys goal of supporting and uplifting the art and science of television, The wings represent the muse of art. When deciding a name for the award, Academy founder Syd Cassyd originally suggested Ike, however, Ike was also the popular nickname of World War II hero and future U. S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, and the Academy members wanted something unique. Finally, television engineer and the third president, Harry Lubcke, suggested the name Immy. After Immy was chosen, it was feminized to Emmy to match their female statuette
30.
Screen Actors Guild Award
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The statuette given, a nude male figure holding both a mask of comedy and a mask of tragedy, is called The Actor. It is 16 inches tall, weighs over 12 pounds, is cast in solid bronze, SAG Awards have been one of the major awards events in Hollywood since 1995. It is considered an indicator of success at the Academy Awards, the awards have been telecast since 1998 on TNT, and since 2007 have been simulcast on TBS. The inaugural SAG Awards aired live on February 25,1995 from Universal Studios Stage 12, the second SAG awards aired live from the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium, while subsequent awards have been held at the Shrine Exposition Center
31.
Jews
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The Jews, also known as the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group originating from the Israelites, or Hebrews, of the Ancient Near East. Jews originated as a national and religious group in the Middle East during the second millennium BCE, the Merneptah Stele appears to confirm the existence of a people of Israel, associated with the god El, somewhere in Canaan as far back as the 13th century BCE. The Israelites, as an outgrowth of the Canaanite population, consolidated their hold with the emergence of the Kingdom of Israel, some consider that these Canaanite sedentary Israelites melded with incoming nomadic groups known as Hebrews. The worldwide Jewish population reached a peak of 16.7 million prior to World War II, but approximately 6 million Jews were systematically murdered during the Holocaust. Since then the population has risen again, and as of 2015 was estimated at 14.3 million by the Berman Jewish DataBank. According to the report, about 43% of all Jews reside in Israel and these numbers include all those who self-identified as Jews in a socio-demographic study or were identified as such by a respondent in the same household. The exact world Jewish population, however, is difficult to measure, Israel is the only country where Jews form a majority of the population. The modern State of Israel was established as a Jewish state and defines itself as such in its Declaration of Independence and its Law of Return grants the right of citizenship to any Jew who requests it. The English word Jew continues Middle English Gyw, Iewe, according to the Hebrew Bible, the name of both the tribe and kingdom derive from Judah, the fourth son of Jacob. The Hebrew word for Jew, יְהוּדִי ISO 259-3 Yhudi, is pronounced, with the stress on the syllable, in Israeli Hebrew. The Ladino name is ג׳ודיו, Djudio, ג׳ודיוס, Djudios, Yiddish, ייִד Yid, ייִדן, Yidn. The etymological equivalent is in use in languages, e. g. but derivations of the word Hebrew are also in use to describe a Jew, e. g. in Italian. The German word Jude is pronounced, the corresponding adjective jüdisch is the origin of the word Yiddish, in such contexts Jewish is the only acceptable possibility. Some people, however, have become so wary of this construction that they have extended the stigma to any use of Jew as a noun, a factual reconstruction for the origin of the Jews is a difficult and complex endeavor. It requires examining at least 3,000 years of ancient human history using documents in vast quantities, as archaeological discovery relies upon researchers and scholars from diverse disciplines, the goal is to interpret all of the factual data, focusing on the most consistent theory. In this case, it is complicated by long standing politics and religious, Jacob and his family migrated to Ancient Egypt after being invited to live with Jacobs son Joseph by the Pharaoh himself. The patriarchs descendants were later enslaved until the Exodus led by Moses, traditionally dated to the 13th century BCE, Modern archaeology has largely discarded the historicity of the Patriarchs and of the Exodus story, with it being reframed as constituting the Israelites inspiring national myth narrative. The growth of Yahweh-centric belief, along with a number of practices, gradually gave rise to a distinct Israelite ethnic group
32.
Thessaloniki
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Its nickname is η Συμπρωτεύουσα, literally the co-capital, a reference to its historical status as the Συμβασιλεύουσα or co-reigning city of the Eastern Roman Empire, alongside Constantinople. The city is renowned for its festivals, events and vibrant cultural life in general, Thessaloniki was the 2014 European Youth Capital. The city of Thessaloniki was founded in 315 BC by Cassander of Macedon, an important metropolis by the Roman period, Thessaloniki was the second largest and wealthiest city of the Byzantine Empire. It was conquered by the Ottomans in 1430, and passed from the Ottoman Empire to modern Greece on November 8,1912, the citys main university, Aristotle University, is the largest in Greece and the Balkans. Thessaloniki is a popular tourist destination in Greece, among street photographers, the center of Thessaloniki is also considered the most popular destination for street photography in Greece. All variations of the name derive from the original appellation in Ancient Greek, i. e. Θεσσαλονίκη. The alternative name Salonica derives from the variant form Σαλονίκη in colloquial Greek speech, in local speech, the citys name is typically pronounced with a dark and deep L characteristic of Macedonian Greek accent. The name often appears in writing in the abbreviated form Θεσ/νίκη, the city was founded around 315 BC by the King Cassander of Macedon, on or near the site of the ancient town of Therma and 26 other local villages. He named it after his wife Thessalonike, a half-sister of Alexander the Great, under the kingdom of Macedon the city retained its own autonomy and parliament and evolved to become the most important city in Macedon. After the fall of the kingdom of Macedon in 168 BC, the city later became the capital of one of the four Roman districts of Macedonia. Later it became the capital of all the Greek provinces of the Roman Empire because of the importance in the Balkan peninsula. At the time of the Roman Empire, about 50 A. D. Later, Paul wrote two letters to the new church at Thessaloniki, preserved in the Biblical canon as First and Second Thessalonians. Some scholars hold that the First Epistle to the Thessalonians is the first written book of the New Testament, in 306 AD, Thessaloniki acquired a patron saint, St. Demetrius, a native of Thessalonica whom Galerius put to death. A basilical church was first built in the 5th century AD dedicated to St. Demetrius, in 379, when the Roman Prefecture of Illyricum was divided between the East and West Roman Empires, Thessaloniki became the capital of the new Prefecture of Illyricum. In 390, Gothic troops under the Roman Emperor Theodosius I, led a massacre against the inhabitants of Thessalonica, by the time of the Fall of Rome in 476, Thessaloniki was the second-largest city of the Eastern Roman Empire. From the first years of the Byzantine Empire, Thessaloniki was considered the city in the Empire after Constantinople. With a population of 150,000 in the mid-12th century, the city held this status until its transfer to Venetian control in 1423. In the 14th century, the population exceeded 100,000 to 150,000
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Greece
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Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, historically also known as Hellas, is a country in southeastern Europe, with a population of approximately 11 million as of 2015. Athens is the capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki. Greece is strategically located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, situated on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast. Greece consists of nine regions, Macedonia, Central Greece, the Peloponnese, Thessaly, Epirus, the Aegean Islands, Thrace, Crete. The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland, the Ionian Sea to the west, the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Greece has the longest coastline on the Mediterranean Basin and the 11th longest coastline in the world at 13,676 km in length, featuring a vast number of islands, eighty percent of Greece is mountainous, with Mount Olympus being the highest peak at 2,918 metres. From the eighth century BC, the Greeks were organised into various independent city-states, known as polis, which spanned the entire Mediterranean region and the Black Sea. Greece was annexed by Rome in the second century BC, becoming a part of the Roman Empire and its successor. The Greek Orthodox Church also shaped modern Greek identity and transmitted Greek traditions to the wider Orthodox World, falling under Ottoman dominion in the mid-15th century, the modern nation state of Greece emerged in 1830 following a war of independence. Greeces rich historical legacy is reflected by its 18 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, among the most in Europe, Greece is a democratic and developed country with an advanced high-income economy, a high quality of life, and a very high standard of living. A founding member of the United Nations, Greece was the member to join the European Communities and has been part of the Eurozone since 2001. Greeces unique cultural heritage, large industry, prominent shipping sector. It is the largest economy in the Balkans, where it is an important regional investor, the names for the nation of Greece and the Greek people differ from the names used in other languages, locations and cultures. The earliest evidence of the presence of human ancestors in the southern Balkans, dated to 270,000 BC, is to be found in the Petralona cave, all three stages of the stone age are represented in Greece, for example in the Franchthi Cave. Neolithic settlements in Greece, dating from the 7th millennium BC, are the oldest in Europe by several centuries and these civilizations possessed writing, the Minoans writing in an undeciphered script known as Linear A, and the Mycenaeans in Linear B, an early form of Greek. The Mycenaeans gradually absorbed the Minoans, but collapsed violently around 1200 BC and this ushered in a period known as the Greek Dark Ages, from which written records are absent. The end of the Dark Ages is traditionally dated to 776 BC, the Iliad and the Odyssey, the foundational texts of Western literature, are believed to have been composed by Homer in the 7th or 8th centuries BC. With the end of the Dark Ages, there emerged various kingdoms and city-states across the Greek peninsula, in 508 BC, Cleisthenes instituted the worlds first democratic system of government in Athens
34.
Alhambra Decree
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The primary purpose was to eliminate their influence on Spains large converso population and ensure they did not revert to Judaism. Over half of Spains Jews had converted as a result of the persecution and pogroms which occurred in 1391. A further number of those chose to avoid expulsion as a result of the edict. In 2014, the government of Spain passed a law allowing dual citizenship to Jewish descendants who apply, beginning in the 8th century, Muslims had conquered and settled most of the Iberian Peninsula. Jews, who had lived in these regions since Roman times, were considered People of the Book and given special status, the tolerance of the Muslim Moorish rulers of al-Andalus attracted Jewish immigration, and Jewish enclaves in Muslim Iberian cities flourished as places of learning and commerce. By the 14th century, most of the Iberian Peninsula had been conquered by the Christian kingdoms of Castile, Aragon, León, Galicia, Navarre, overt hostility against Jews became more pronounced, finding expression in brutal episodes of violence and oppression. Thousands of Jews sought to escape attacks by converting to Christianity, they were commonly called conversos, New Christians. At first these conversions seemed a solution to the cultural conflict. But eventually their success made these new Catholics unpopular with some of the clergy of the Church and these suspicions on the part of Christians were only heightened by the fact that some of the coerced conversions were undoubtedly insincere. These secret practitioners are referred to as crypto-Jews or marranos. The existence of crypto-Jews was a provocation for secular and ecclesiastical leaders who were hostile toward Spains Jewry. The uncertainty over the sincerity of Jewish converts added fuel to the fire of antisemitism in 15th century Spain, from the 13th to the 16th centuries European countries expelled the Jews from their territory on at least 15 occasions. Spain was preceded by England, France and some German states, among many others, in 1478, Ferdinand and Isabella made formal application to Rome for a tribunal of the Inquisition in Castile to investigate these and other suspicions. In 1487, King Ferdinand promoted the establishment of the Spanish Inquisition Tribunals in Castille, in Aragon, the independent Islamic Emirate of Granada had been a tributary state to Castile since 1238. In 1492, Ferdinand and Isabella completed the Catholic Reconquista of the Iberian Peninsula from Islamic al-Andalus by victory in the Battle of Granada, the king and queen issued the Alhambra Decree less than three months after the surrender of Granada. This was primarily a decision of Isabella, not her husband Fernando and that her confessor had just changed from the tolerant Hernando de Talavera to the very intolerant Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros suggests that Cisneros may well have had a role in Isabels decision. In it, Jews were accused of trying to subvert their holy Catholic faith and these measures were not new in Europe. Some Jews were only four months and ordered to convert to Christianity or leave the country
35.
Judaeo-Spanish
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Judaeo-Spanish, commonly referred to as Ladino, is a Romance language derived from Old Spanish. Although it has no status in any country, it has been acknowledged as a minority language in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Israel, France. Furthermore, the language is influenced to a degree by other local languages of the Balkans, such as Greek. Historically, the Rashi script and its cursive form Solitreo have been the main orthographies for writing Judaeo-Spanish, however today, it is mainly written with the Latin alphabet, though some other alphabets such as Hebrew and Cyrillic are still in use. Judaeo-Spanish is known by different names, mostly, Español/Espanyol, Judió/Djudyo, Judesmo/Djudezmo, Sefaradhí/Sefaradi. In Turkey and formerly in the Ottoman Empire, it has been traditionally called Yahudice in Turkish, in Israel, Hebrew speakers usually call the language spanyolit or Ladino. Judaeo-Spanish, once the language of the Adriatic Sea, the Balkans. Most native speakers are elderly and the language is not transmitted to their children or grandchildren for various reasons, in some expatriate communities in Latin America and elsewhere, there is a threat of dialect levelling resulting in extinction by assimilation into modern Spanish. However, it is experiencing a revival among Sephardic communities. In Israel particularly, and in America and Spain, in recent decades the language came to be referred to as Ladino, though some people who actually speak the language consider this use incorrect. The language is also called judeo-espagnol, judeo-español, Sefardí, Judío, the dialect of the Oran area of Algeria was called Tetuani, after the Moroccan town Tétouan, since many Orani Jews came from this city. In Hebrew, the language is called Spanyolit and this information does not reflect the historical usage. The name Judezmo is unknown and offensive to most native speakers, the derivation of the name Ladino is complicated. In pre-Expulsion times in the area today as Spain the word meant literary Spanish as opposed to other dialects. Following the expulsion, Jews spoke of the Ladino to mean the traditional translation of the Bible into archaic Spanish. By extension it came to mean that style of Spanish generally, in the way that Targum has come to mean Judeo-Aramaic. Informally, and especially in modern Israel, many speakers use Ladino to mean Judaeo-Spanish as a whole, the language was formerly regulated by a body called the Autoridad Nasionala del Ladino in Israel. More strictly, however, the term is confined to the used in translation
36.
Columbia Pictures
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The studio was founded in 1918 as Cohn-Brandt-Cohn Film Sales by brothers Jack and Harry Cohn and Jacks best friend Joe Brandt, released its first feature film in August 1922. It adopted the Columbia Pictures name in 1924, and went public two years later and its name is derived from Columbia, a national personification of the United States, which is used as the studios logo. In its early years, it was a player in Hollywood. With Capra and others, Columbia became one of the homes of the screwball comedy. In the 1930s, Columbias major contract stars were Jean Arthur, in the 1940s, Rita Hayworth became the studios premier star and propelled their fortunes into the late 1950s. Rosalind Russell, Glenn Ford, and William Holden also became major stars at the studio, in 1982, the studio was purchased by The Coca-Cola Company, and launched TriStar Pictures as a joint venture with HBO and CBS. Five years later, Coca-Cola spun off Columbia, which was sold to Tri-Star, after a brief period of independence with Coca-Cola maintaining a financial interest, the combined studio was acquired by Sony in 1989. It is one of the film studios in the world. It was one of the so-called Little Three among the eight major film studios of Hollywoods Golden Age, Brandt was president of CBC Film Sales, handling sales, marketing and distribution from New York along with Jack Cohn, while Harry Cohn ran production in Hollywood. The studios early productions were short subjects, Screen Snapshots, the Hall Room Boys. The start-up CBC leased space in a Poverty Row studio on Hollywoods famously low-rent Gower Street, among Hollywoods elite, the studios small-time reputation led some to joke that CBC stood for Corned Beef and Cabbage. Brandt eventually tired of dealing with the Cohn brothers, and sold his stake to Harry Cohn. In an effort to improve its image, the Cohn brothers renamed the company Columbia Pictures Corporation on January 10,1924, Cohn remained head of production as well, thus concentrating enormous power in his hands. He would run Columbia for the next 34 years, the second-longest tenure of any studio chief, even in an industry rife with nepotism, Columbia was particularly notorious for having a number of Harry and Jacks relatives in high positions. Humorist Robert Benchley called it the Pine Tree Studio, because it has so many Cohns, Columbias product line consisted mostly of moderately budgeted features and short subjects including comedies, sports films, various serials, and cartoons. Columbia gradually moved into the production of higher-budget fare, eventually joining the tier of Hollywood studios along with United Artists. Like United Artists and Universal, Columbia was an integrated company. It controlled production and distribution, it did not own any theaters, helping Columbias climb was the arrival of an ambitious director, Frank Capra
37.
Kew-Forest School
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The Kew-Forest School is an independent, co-ed, college preparatory school for students in grades Pre-Kindergarten-Grade 12. The school was established in 1918 primarily for residents of Forest Hills and Kew Gardens, Queens, tuition ranges from $13,545 to $36,390 per year for grades ECD through grade 12. Notable graduates and alumni include Hank Azaria, Katharine Weber, Gideon Yago and their mission statement is, The Kew-Forest School is an intimate early childhood through 12th grade learning community that is small by design, inclusive, and globally representative. Kew-Forest students develop the necessary for pursuing higher education and for acquiring the essential competencies of a responsible citizen. The Student Council candidates campaign, make speeches, debate, the Student Council meets on a weekly basis to bring ideas on how to enhance their school experience, as well as how to improve their community. The Student Council has a variety of responsibilities, ranging from School dances and events, to such as food drives. They also participate in the Youth Services Opportunities Project, YSOP, created under Student Council in 2014. Spirit Committee creates fun fundraising ideas for big events for the school and they create candy grams and spirit among many other fundraisers. The Mock Trial Team went to the State and City Finals in 1999,2000, since the Model UN Club was founded 8 years ago, the school has been to over 15 conferences such as ILMUNC, RUMUN, JHUMUNC, and several more. There have been several Best Delegate Awards given to Kew-Forest Students as well as Honorable Mentions, the club is run by two club officers and one teacher. Kew-Forest requires all students in the Upper School, grades 7-12, Students are able to earn hours volunteering outside of school as well as through school-sponsored events. Seniors are required to complete community service hours for graduation, the schools publication which provides students with information about what is going on in the school and the community around, new events coming up, and stories about past events. The Forester is led by the Editor in Chief, who is helped by two co-editors, currently, the Forester has approximately 30 students writing for it from grades 7 through 12. Volleyball Soccer Golf Sailing Crew Basketball Cross Country Tennis Track and Field Fencing Kew-Forest competes in the IPPSAL league and has won several championships over the past decade, most notably, the Girls Varsity Volleyball team has won championships in 2011,2012, and 2013. The Boys and Girls tennis teams won championships in 2011 and 2012. The Varsity Soccer team also placed second in 2012 and won the championship in 2013, the Cross Country team has also won several events in 2011,2012, and 2013. Kew-Forest offers a variety of school clubs for the Upper School, including Poetry Writing, Book Club. The Lower School has a structured AfterCare Program where students can stay at school til 6pm, Students are supervised by school administration and teachers who administer a daily snack, help with homework, and entertain the students until they are picked up
38.
Oliver Platt
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Oliver James Platt is a Canadian-born American actor. He has been nominated for a Golden Globe Award, as well as multiple Emmy and he has an older brother, Adam Platt, a New York Magazine restaurant critic, and a younger brother, Nicholas Platt, Jr. His family moved back to the United States when Platt was three months old, Platts paternal great-grandfather was artist Charles A. Platt. Platt is also a great-great-grandson of diplomat and lawyer Joseph Hodges Choate, when asked about Diana, Platt said, I never met her. Id love to tell you we were confidantes, the truth is I dont know much more about it than you do. Platts family made frequent trips back to Washington, where they held Redskins season tickets, Platt is also a fan of the Boston Red Sox. When he was nine years old, Platt and his family visited the Kennedy Center in Washington, One of the performances that really made me want to be an actor started out with this probably 20-minute rambling, drunken monologue by this bum. And it was a young Morgan Freeman and this guy was just so riveting. He stood there on stage alone before the curtain went up, according to Platt, drama departments gave his childhood some stability, It was something of a survival mechanism, in that it gave me a little subculture to plug into wherever I ended up. Platt attended a boarding school named Colorado Rocky Mountain School in Carbondale. Platt majored in drama at Tufts University, where he met, Platt travelled with Shakespeare and Company, based in Lenox, Massachusetts, touring schools to earn his Equity card, before moving to New York. He obtained an agent while working at Manhattan Punch Line Theatre, Murray attended Platts show and recommended Platt to director Jonathan Demme, who cast him in Married to the Mob in 1988. Platt attributes his breakthrough to appearing at the Punch Line Theater, Platt makes his decisions about accepting acting roles based on the role being different from what I just did. I do have to be interested in the role. After Married to the Mob, he appeared in Working Girl, Flatliners, Beethoven, The Three Musketeers, A Time to Kill, in 1998 Platt and Stanley Tucci played two deadbeat actors who improvise with unsuspecting strangers in The Impostors. Tucci and Platt developed the characters while working on a play at Yale University in 1988, Tucci later completing the screenplay, in 1999 Platt played the wealthy and eccentric crocodile enthusiast Hector in David E. Kelleys Lake Placid, alongside Bill Pullman and Bridget Fonda. Platt described Hector as pretty abrasive and obnoxious at times, but, I hope, I think David originally thought of him as a great white hunter sort of guy, but when I signed on for the role he sort of wrote him in a different direction. The short-lived drama Deadline provided Platts first lead role on television, created by Dick Wolf, who also created Law & Order, Deadline focused on the lives of newspaper journalists in New York City. Platt starred as Pulitzer Prize-winning columnist Wallace Benton, an unlikely hero, the strong cast, which also included Bebe Neuwirth and Hope Davis, could not compensate for sub-standard writing and the series was soon canceled
39.
The Merchant of Venice
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The Merchant of Venice is a 16th century play by William Shakespeare in which a merchant in Venice must default on a large loan provided by an abused Jewish moneylender. It is believed to have written between 1596 and 1599. Also notable is Portias speech about the quality of mercy, critic Harold Bloom listed it among Shakespeares great comedies. Bassanio, a young Venetian of noble rank, wishes to woo the beautiful, having squandered his estate, he needs 3,000 ducats to subsidise his expenditures as a suitor. Bassanio approaches his friend Antonio, a merchant of Venice who has previously and repeatedly bailed him out. Antonio has already antagonized Shylock through his outspoken antisemitism, and because Antonios habit of lending money without interest forces Shylock to charge lower rates, Shylock is at first reluctant to grant the loan, citing abuse he has suffered at Antonios hand. He finally agrees to lend the sum to Bassanio without interest upon one condition, if Bassanio is unable to repay it at the specified date, Shylock may take a pound of Antonios flesh. Bassanio does not want Antonio to accept such a condition, Antonio is surprised by what he sees as the moneylenders generosity. With money at hand, Bassanio leaves for Belmont with his friend Gratiano, Gratiano is a likeable young man, but is often flippant, overly talkative, and tactless. Bassanio warns his companion to exercise self-control, and the two leave for Belmont, meanwhile, in Belmont, Portia is awash with suitors. Her father left a will stipulating each of her suitors must choose correctly from one of three caskets – one each of gold, silver and lead, if he picks the right casket, he gets Portia. The first suitor, the Prince of Morocco, chooses the gold casket, interpreting its slogan, Who chooseth me shall gain what many men desire, as referring to Portia. The second suitor, the conceited Prince of Arragon, chooses the silver casket, both suitors leave empty-handed, having rejected the lead casket because of the baseness of its material and the uninviting nature of its slogan, Who chooseth me must give and hazard all he hath. The last suitor is Bassanio, whom Portia wishes to succeed, as Bassanio ponders his choice, members of Portias household sing a song which says that fancy is engendred in the eyes, With gazing fed, Bassanio chooses the lead casket and wins Portias hand. At Venice, Antonios ships are reported lost at sea so the merchant cannot repay the bond, Shylock has become more determined to exact revenge from Christians because his daughter Jessica eloped with the Christian Lorenzo and converted. She took an amount of Shylocks wealth with her, as well as a turquoise ring which Shylock had been given by his late wife. Shylock has Antonio brought before court, at Belmont, Bassanio receives a letter telling him that Antonio has been unable to repay the loan from Shylock. Portia and Bassanio marry, as do Gratiano and Portias handmaid Nerissa, Bassanio and Gratiano leave for Venice, with money from Portia, to save Antonios life by offering the money to Shylock
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American Academy of Dramatic Arts
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The American Academy of Dramatic Arts is a two-year performing arts conservatory with bi-coastal facilities at 120 Madison Avenue, Manhattan, and at 1336 North La Brea Avenue, Los Angeles. The oldest acting school in the English speaking world, the Academy in New York City was founded in 1884 to train actors for the stage and its first home was the original Lyceum Theatre on what is now Park Avenue South. In 1963, the moved to its current home, a landmark building designed by noted architect Stanford White as the original Colony Club. In 1974, the Academy opened another campus in Pasadena, California, the Los Angeles campus moved from Pasadena to Hollywood in 2001 in a new building next to the site of the former studios of Charlie Chaplin. The Academy remains dedicated to training professional actors and it offers a two-year program in which students have to be invited back for the second year. Auditions are held at the end of the year for the third year company. Students who graduate in New York receive an Associate of Occupational Studies degree, students from New York and Los Angeles can get a Bachelor of Arts degree from selected universities. Numerous students of the Academy have gone on to distinguished careers throughout the entertainment industry, receiving nominations for Tonys, Oscars, from their Web site, The Academy has many teachers and faculty who have many professional connections and credits. Notable faculty includes, David Dean Bottrell, Karen Hensel, Sandy Martin, Ian Ogilvy, notes American Academy of Dramatic Arts Home Page
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Harold Pinter
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Harold Pinter CH CBE was a Nobel Prize-winning English playwright, screenwriter, director and actor. One of the most influential modern British dramatists, his career spanned more than 50 years. His best-known plays include The Birthday Party, The Homecoming, and Betrayal and his screenplay adaptations of others works include The Servant, The Go-Between, The French Lieutenants Woman, The Trial, and Sleuth. He also directed or acted in radio, stage, television, Pinter was born and raised in Hackney, east London, and educated at Hackney Downs School. He was a sprinter and a cricket player, acting in school plays. He attended the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art but did not complete the course and he was fined for refusing National service as a conscientious objector. Subsequently, he continued training at the Central School of Speech and Drama, in 1956 he married actress Vivien Merchant and had a son, Daniel, born in 1958. He left Merchant in 1975 and married author Lady Antonia Fraser in 1980, Pinters career as a playwright began with a production of The Room in 1957. His second play, The Birthday Party, closed after eight performances and his early works were described by critics as comedy of menace. Later plays such as No Mans Land and Betrayal became known as memory plays and he appeared as an actor in productions of his own work on radio and film. He also undertook a number of roles in works by other writers and he directed nearly 50 productions for stage, theatre and screen. Pinter received over 50 awards, prizes, and other honours, including the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2005 and he died from liver cancer on 24 December 2008. In 1940 and 1941, after the Blitz, Pinter was evacuated from their house in London to Cornwall, Pinter discovered his social potential as a student at Hackney Downs School, a London grammar school, between 1944 and 1948. Partly through the school and partly through the life of Hackney Boys Club. He formed an almost sacerdotal belief in the power of male friendship, the friends he made in those days—most particularly Henry Woolf, Michael Goldstein and Morris Wernick—have always been a vital part of the emotional texture of his life. A major influence on Pinter was his inspirational English teacher Joseph Brearley, according to Billington, under Brearleys instruction, Pinter shone at English, wrote for the school magazine and discovered a gift for acting. In 1947 and 1948, he played Romeo and Macbeth in productions directed by Brearley, at the age of 12, Pinter began writing poetry, and in spring 1947, his poetry was first published in the Hackney Downs School Magazine. In 1950, his poetry was first published outside of the magazine in Poetry London
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American Broadcasting Company
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The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, New York City. There are additional offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City, as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank. Since 2007, when ABC Radio was sold to Citadel Broadcasting, ABC originally launched on October 12,1943, as a radio network, separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network, which had been purchased by Edward J. Noble. It extended its operations to television in 1948, following in the footsteps of established broadcast networks CBS, in the mid-1950s, ABC merged with United Paramount Theatres, a chain of movie theaters that formerly operated as a subsidiary of Paramount Pictures. Leonard Goldenson, who had been the head of UPT, made the new television network profitable by helping develop, in 1996, most of Capital Cities/ABCs assets were purchased by The Walt Disney Company. The television network has eight owned-and-operated and over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States, most Canadians have access to at least one U. S. ABC News provides news and features content for radio stations owned by Citadel Broadcasting. In the 1930s, radio in the United States was dominated by three companies, the Columbia Broadcasting System, the Mutual Broadcasting System and the National Broadcasting Company. The last was owned by electronics manufacturer Radio Corporation of America, in 1938, the FCC began a series of investigations into the practices of radio networks and published its report on the broadcasting of network radio programs in 1940. The report recommended that RCA give up control of either NBC Red or NBC Blue, at that time, the NBC Red Network was the principal radio network in the United States and, according to the FCC, RCA was using NBC Blue to eliminate any hint of competition. Once Mutuals appeals against the FCC were rejected, RCA decided to sell NBC Blue in 1941, the newly separated NBC Red and NBC Blue divided their respective corporate assets. Investment firm Dillon, Read & Co. offered $7.5 million to purchase the network, Edward John Noble, the owner of Life Savers candy, drugstore chain Rexall and New York City radio station WMCA, purchased the network for $8 million. Due to FCC ownership rules, the transaction, which was to include the purchase of three RCA stations by Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCCs approval, the Commission authorized the transaction on October 12,1943. Soon afterward, the Blue Network was purchased by the new company Noble founded, Noble subsequently acquired the rights to the American Broadcasting Company name from George B. Meanwhile, in August 1944, the West Coast division of the Blue Network, both stations were then managed by Don Searle, the vice-president of the Blue Networks West Coast division. The ABC Radio Network created its audience slowly, the network also became known for such suspenseful dramas as Sherlock Holmes, Gang Busters and Counterspy, as well as several mid-afternoon youth-oriented programs. S. From Nazi Germany after its conquest, to pre-record its programming, while its radio network was undergoing reconstruction, ABC found it difficult to avoid falling behind on the new medium of television. To ensure a space, in 1947, ABC submitted five applications for television station licenses, the ABC television network made its debut on April 19,1948, with WFIL-TV in Philadelphia becoming its first primary affiliate
43.
Peter Boyle
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Peter Lawrence Boyle was an American character actor. He played Frank Barone on the sitcom Everybody Loves Raymond and the monster in Mel Brooks film spoof Young Frankenstein. Boyle was born on October 18,1935, in Norristown, Pennsylvania and he moved with his family to nearby Philadelphia. He had Irish ancestry and was raised Roman Catholic and he attended St. Francis de Sales School and West Philadelphia Catholic High School For Boys. After graduating high school in 1953, Boyle spent three years as a novice of the Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools, or De La Salle Brothers, a Catholic teaching order. He lived in a house of studies with other novices and earned a BA from La Salle University in Philadelphia in 1957, while in Philadelphia, he worked as a cameraman on the cooking show Television Kitchen, hosted by Florence Hanford. After graduating from Officer Candidate School in 1959, he was commissioned as an ensign in the United States Navy, in New York City, Boyle studied with acting coach Uta Hagen while working as a postal clerk and a maitre d. He went on to play Murray the cop in a company of Neil Simons The Odd Couple, leaving the tour in Chicago, Illinois. He had a scene as the manager of an indoor shooting range in the critically acclaimed 1969 film Medium Cool. Boyle gained acclaim for his first starring role, playing the title character, the films release was surrounded by controversy over its violence and language. It was during this time that Boyle became close friends with actress Jane Fonda, after seeing people cheer at his role in Joe, Boyle refused the lead role in The French Connection, as well as other movie and TV roles that he believed glamorized violence. However, in 1974, he starred in a film based on the life of murdered New York gangster Crazy Joey Gallo and his next major role was as the campaign manager for a U. S. Senate candidate in The Candidate. He also played an Irish mobster opposite Robert Mitchum in The Friends of Eddie Coyle, Boyle said at the time, The Frankenstein monster I play is a baby. Hes big and ugly and scary, but hes just been born, remember, and its been traumatic, Boyle met his wife, Loraine Alterman, on the set of Young Frankenstein while she was there as a reporter for Rolling Stone. He was still in his Frankenstein makeup when he asked her for a date, through Alterman and her friend Yoko Ono, Boyle became friends with John Lennon, who was the best man at Boyle and Altermans 1977 wedding. Boyle and his wife had two daughters, Lucy and Amy, Boyle received his first Emmy nomination for his acclaimed dramatic performance in the 1977 television film Tail Gunner Joe, in which he played Senator Joseph McCarthy. Yet he was often cast as a character actor than as a leading man. Dolittle, the father of Billy Bob Thorntons prison-guard character in Monsters Ball, Muta in The Cat Returns
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Screen Actors Guild
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The Screen Actors Guild was an American labor union which represented over 100,000 film and television principal and background performers worldwide. On March 30,2012, the leadership announced that the SAG membership voted to merge with the American Federation of Television. The Screen Actors Guild was associated with the Associated Actors and Artistes of America, AAAA is affiliated with the AFL–CIO. Internationally, the SAG was affiliated with the International Federation of Actors. C, since 1995, the guild annually awarded the Screen Actors Guild Awards, which are considered an indicator of success at the Academy Awards. This award is continued by SAG-AFTRA, in 1925, the Masquers Club was formed by actors discontent with the grueling work hours at the Hollywood studios. This was one of the concerns which led to the creation of the Screen Actors Guild in 1933. A meeting in March 1933 of six led to the guilds foundation. Aubrey Smith, Charles Starrett, Richard Tucker, Arthur Vinton, Morgan Wallace, many high-profile actors refused to join SAG initially. This changed when the producers made an agreement amongst themselves not to bid competitively for talent, a pivotal meeting, at the home of Frank Morgan, was what gave SAG its critical mass. Cantors participation was critical, particularly because of his friendship with the recently elected President Franklin D. Roosevelt, after several years and the passage of the National Labor Relations Act, the producers agreed to negotiate with SAG in 1937. Robinson, Edwin Stanley, Gloria Stuart, Lyle Talbot, Franchot Tone, Warren William, Ten of those summoned, dubbed the Hollywood Ten, refused to cooperate and were charged with contempt of Congress and sentenced to prison. The president of SAG – future United States President Ronald Reagan – also known to the FBI as Confidential Informant T-10, testified before the committee but never publicly named names. He felt that lacking a definite stand on the part of the government, subsequently, a climate of fear, enhanced by the threat of detention under the provisions of the McCarran Internal Security Act, permeated the film industry. On November 17,1947, the Screen Actors Guild voted to force its officers to take a non-communist pledge, none of those blacklisted were proven to advocate overthrowing the government – most simply had Marxist or socialist views. The Waldorf Statement marked the beginning of the Hollywood blacklist that saw hundreds of people prevented from working in the film industry, unfortunately, there are no credits to restore, nor any other belated recognition that we can offer our members who were blacklisted. They could not work under assumed names or employ surrogates to front for them, an actors work and his or her identity are inseparable. The Screen Actors Guild Ethnic Minorities Committee was co-founded in 1972 by actors Henry Darrow, Edith Diaz, Ricardo Montalban, the Screen Actors Guild Womens Committee was founded in 1972. In 1998, Naomi Marquez filed suit against SAG and Lakeside Productions claiming they had breached their duty of fair representation, the claim was denied by the Supreme Court
