Haul trucks are off-road, heavy-duty dump trucks specifically engineered for use in high-production mining and exceptionally demanding construction environments. Most are dual axle; at least two examples of tri-axles were made in the 1970s. Haul trucks are denominated by their payload capacity, by weight.
A large 400-short-ton (360-long-ton) Liebherr T 282B "ultra class" haul truck
The WABCO 3200 was a rare example of a tri-axle haul truck configuration
A rear-eject Komatsu HM400-2
Image: Caterpillar 797 Truck 2
A dump truck, known also as a dumping truck, dump trailer, dumper trailer, dump lorry or dumper lorry or a dumper for short, is used for transporting materials for construction as well as coal. A typical dump truck is equipped with an open-box bed, which is hinged at the rear and equipped with hydraulic rams to lift the front, allowing the material in the bed to be deposited ("dumped") on the ground behind the truck at the site of delivery. In the UK, Australia, South Africa and India the term applies to off-road construction plants only and the road vehicle is known as a tip lorry, tipper lorry, tipper truck, tip truck, tip trailer or tipper trailer or simply a tipper.
A dump truck dumps gravel for a road construction project
The Graff & Hipple Wagon Dumper, c. 1884, showing an early lever-based dumping mechanism
An Ashok Leyland Comet dump truck, an example of a very basic 4×2 dump truck used for payloads of 10 metric tons (11.0 short tons; 9.8 long tons) or less
US 4-axle with lift axle
