The Hebraization of surnames is the act of amending one's Jewish surname, so that it is tied to the Hebrew language, which was natively spoken by Jews and Samaritans until it died out of everyday use
Poster in the Yishuv offering assistance to Palestinian Jews in choosing a Hebrew name for themselves, 2 December 1926
The historian Benzion Netanyahu, father of the eponymous Prime Minister, adopted the surname Netanyahu (meaning "given by God") as a replacement for his birth name Mileikowsky.