During the 17th century, despite having scarcely more than 1 million inhabitants, Sweden emerged to have greater foreign influence, after winning wars against Denmark–Norway, the Holy Roman Empire, Ru
Gustavus Adolphus at the Battle of Breitenfeld
Treaty of Bärwalde
Videos
The Treaty of Bärwalde signed on 23 January 1631, was an agreement by France to finance Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War.
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden
Cardinal Richelieu, French chief minister 1624 to 1642
Swedish negotiator Johan Banér
19th century depiction of the Sack of Magdeburg; it shocked European Protestants and made Gustavus largely independent of French control