1.
Bethesda, Maryland
–
Bethesda is a census-designated place in southern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, located just northwest of the U. S. capital of Washington, D. C. It takes its name from a church, the Bethesda Meeting House. In Aramaic, ܒܝܬ ܚܣܕܐ beth ḥesda means House of Mercy and in Hebrew, the National Institutes of Health main campus and the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center are in Bethesda, as are a number of corporate and government headquarters. In 2014 it placed first in Forbes list of Americas most educated small towns, as an unincorporated area, Bethesda has no official boundaries. The United States Census Bureau defines a place named Bethesda whose center is located at 38°59′N 77°7′W. The United States Geological Survey has defined Bethesda as an area whose center is at 38°58′50″N 77°6′2″W, other definitions are used by the Bethesda Urban Planning District, the United States Postal Service, and other organizations. According to estimates released by the U. S. Census Bureau in 2013, Most of Bethesdas residents are in Maryland Legislative District 16. Bethesda is situated along a thoroughfare that was originally the route of an ancient Native American trail. Henry Fleet, an English fur trader, was the first European to travel to the area, Most early settlers in Maryland were tenant farmers who paid their rent in tobacco. A small settlement grew around a store and tollhouse along the turnpike, by 1862, the community was known as Darcys Store after the owner of a local establishment, William E. Darcy. The church burned in 1849 and was rebuilt the same year about 100 yards south at its present site. Throughout most of the 19th century, Bethesda never developed beyond a small village, consisting of a post office, a blacksmith shop, a church and school. It was not until the installation of a line in 1890. Until that time, dependence on proximity to rail lines insulated Bethesda from growth, the arrival of the personal automobile ended this dependency, and Bethesda planners grew the community with the newest transportation revolution in mind. Subdivisions began to appear on old farmland, becoming the neighborhoods of Drummond, Woodmont, Edgemoor, further north, several wealthy men made Rockville Pike famous for its mansions. These included Brainard W. Parker, James Oyster, George E. Hamilton, wilson, Gilbert Hovey Grosvenor, and George Freeland Peter. In 1930, Dr Armistead Peters pioneering manor house Winona became the clubhouse of the original Woodmont Country Club, merle Thorpes mansion, Pooks Hill —on the site of the current neighborhood of the same name—became the home-in-exile of the Norwegian Royal Family during World War II. That war, and the expansion of government that it created, both the National Naval Medical Center and the NIH complex were built just to the north of the developing downtown
Bethesda, Maryland
–
The intersection of
Maryland Route 187 (Old Georgetown Road),
Maryland Route 355 (
Wisconsin Avenue), and
Maryland Route 410 (East West Highway), near the
Bethesda Metro station entrance, in downtown Bethesda.
Bethesda, Maryland
–
Boundaries of Bethesda CDP from
U.S. Census Bureau
Bethesda, Maryland
–
Building 50 at
NIH.
Bethesda, Maryland
–
Bethesda Avenue at night
2.
Maryland
–
The states largest city is Baltimore, and its capital is Annapolis. Among its occasional nicknames are Old Line State, the Free State, the state is named after Henrietta Maria of France, the wife of Charles I of England. George Calvert was the first Lord of Baltimore and the first English proprietor of the colonial grant. Maryland was the state to ratify the United States Constitution. Maryland is one of the smallest U. S. states in terms of area, as well as one of the most densely populated, Maryland has an area of 12,406.68 square miles and is comparable in overall area with Belgium. It is the 42nd largest and 9th smallest state and is closest in size to the state of Hawaii, the next largest state, its neighbor West Virginia, is almost twice the size of Maryland. Maryland possesses a variety of topography within its borders, contributing to its nickname America in Miniature. The mid-portion of this border is interrupted by Washington, D. C. which sits on land that was part of Montgomery and Prince Georges counties and including the town of Georgetown. This land was ceded to the United States Federal Government in 1790 to form the District of Columbia, the Chesapeake Bay nearly bisects the state and the counties east of the bay are known collectively as the Eastern Shore. Close to the town of Hancock, in western Maryland, about two-thirds of the way across the state. This geographical curiosity makes Maryland the narrowest state, bordered by the Mason–Dixon line to the north, portions of Maryland are included in various official and unofficial geographic regions. Much of the Baltimore–Washington corridor lies just south of the Piedmont in the Coastal Plain, earthquakes in Maryland are infrequent and small due to the states distance from seismic/earthquake zones. The M5.8 Virginia earthquake in 2011 was felt moderately throughout Maryland, buildings in the state are not well-designed for earthquakes and can suffer damage easily. The lack of any glacial history accounts for the scarcity of Marylands natural lakes, laurel Oxbow Lake is an over one-hundred-year-old 55-acre natural lake two miles north of Maryland City and adjacent to Russett. Chews Lake is a natural lake two miles south-southeast of Upper Marlboro. There are numerous lakes, the largest of them being the Deep Creek Lake. Maryland has shale formations containing natural gas, where fracking is theoretically possible, as is typical of states on the East Coast, Marylands plant life is abundant and healthy. Middle Atlantic coastal forests, typical of the southeastern Atlantic coastal plain, grow around Chesapeake Bay, moving west, a mixture of Northeastern coastal forests and Southeastern mixed forests cover the central part of the state
Maryland
–
Western Maryland: known for its heavily forested mountains. A panoramic view of
Deep Creek Lake and the surrounding
Appalachian Mountains in
Garrett County.
Maryland
–
Flag
Maryland
–
Dramatic example of Maryland's
fall line, a change in rock type and elevation that creates waterfalls in many areas along the Southwest to Northeast geological boundary that crosses the state.
Great Falls, cliffs and rapids.
Maryland
–
Typical freshwater river above the tidal zone. The
Patapsco River includes the famous
Thomas Viaduct and is part of the
Patapsco Valley State Park. Later, the river forms the
Inner Harbor as it empties into the
Chesapeake Bay.
3.
United States
–
Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
United States
–
Native Americans meeting with Europeans, 1764
United States
–
Flag
United States
–
The signing of the
Mayflower Compact, 1620.
United States
–
The
Declaration of Independence: the
Committee of Five presenting their draft to the
Second Continental Congress in 1776
4.
Geographic coordinate system
–
A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
Geographic coordinate system
–
Longitude lines are perpendicular and latitude lines are parallel to the equator.
5.
University-preparatory school
–
A university-preparatory school or college-preparatory school is a type of secondary school. The term can refer to public, private independent or parochial schools primarily designed to prepare students for higher education, in the United States, there are public, private, and charter college preparatory schools and they can be either parochial or secular. Admission is sometimes based on selection criteria, usually academic. Fewer than 1% of students enrolled in school in the United States attend an independent, private school, compared to 9% who attend parochial schools. Public and charter college prep schools are connected to a local school district. The term prep school in the U. S. is usually associated with private, elite institutions that have very selective admission criteria, prep schools can be day schools, boarding schools, or both, and may be co-educational or single-sex. Currently day schools are more common than boarding, and since the 1970s co-educational schools are more common than single-sex, unlike the public schools which are free, they charge tuition Some prep schools are affiliated with a particular religious denomination. Unlike parochial schools, independent preparatory schools are not governed by a religious organization, in most parts of Europe, such as Germany, the Netherlands, France, Italy, and Scandinavia, there are state-funded secondary schools specializing in university-preparatory education. These go by many names depending on the country but may be called gymnasia, athenaea, unlike American prep schools then, they begin after high-school graduation. The most famous French classes préparatoires are exceptionally intensive and selective, taking only the very best students graduating from high schools, nevertheless, there exist many less prestigious classes préparatoires. As a result, 90% of the students in the scientific classes préparatoires eventually become engineers or scientists, a Gymnasium is a particular type of school in Germany and other countries in Europe, with the goal to prepare its pupils to enter a university. The γυμνάσιον of Ancient Greece was a place for physical and eventually also intellectual education of young men, the later meaning of intellectual education persisted in German and other languages, whereas in English, the older meaning of physical education was retained. The German Gymnasien are selective and competitive schools and they enroll students after completing 4th or 6th grade and prepare them for college. The vast majority of Gymnasien is public and does not charge tuition fees, article 7, Paragraph 4 of the German constitution, forbids segregation of students according to the means of their parents. Therefore, most private Gymnasien have rather low tuition fees and/or offer scholarships, every child will be able to enter the lottery, no matter how he or she performed in primary school. It is hoped that this policy will increase the number of lower, a total of zero percent was in favour of the lottery. Germanys oldest Gymnasien include Gymnasium Paulinum, Gymnasium Theodorianum and Gymnasium Carolinum, in Italy, there are several kinds of high schools, both public and private, whose curriculum has as a primary aim the preparation for university. These are called Liceo, plural Licei, the name comes from Lyceum, the Latin rendering of the Ancient Greek Λύκειον, the name of a gymnasium in Classical Athens dedicated to Apollo Lyceus
University-preparatory school
–
Evangelical Seminaries of Maulbronn and Blaubeuren - church and courtyard
6.
Suburban
–
A suburb is a residential area or a mixed use area, either existing as part of a city or urban area or as a separate residential community within commuting distance of a city. In some areas, such as Australia, China, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and a few U. S. states, new suburbs are routinely annexed by adjacent cities. In others, such as Arabia, Canada, France, and much of the United States, Suburbs first emerged on a large scale in the 19th and 20th centuries as a result of improved rail and road transport, which led to an increase in commuting. Suburbs tend to proliferate around cities that have an abundance of adjacent flat land, the English word is derived from the Old French subburbe, which is in turn derived from the Latin suburbium, formed from sub and urbs. The first recorded usage of the term in English, was made by John Wycliffe in 1380, in Australia and New Zealand, suburbs have become formalised as geographic subdivisions of a city and are used by postal services in addressing. In rural areas in both countries, their equivalents are called localities, the terms inner suburb and outer suburb are used to differentiate between the higher-density suburbs in proximity to the city center, and the lower-density suburbs on the outskirts of the urban area. The term middle suburbs is also used, Suburbs, in this sense, can range from areas that seem more like residential areas of a city proper to areas separated by open countryside from the city centre. In large cities such as London, suburbs include formerly separate towns and villages that have been gradually absorbed during a growth and expansion. In the United States and Canada, suburb can refer either to an residential area of a city or town or to a separate municipality or unincorporated area outside a town or city. The earliest appearance of suburbs coincided with the spread of the first urban settlements, large walled towns tended to be the focus around which smaller villages grew up in a symbiotic relationship with the market town. The word suburbani was first used by the Roman statesman Cicero in reference to the large villas, as populations grew during the Early Modern Period in Europe, urban towns swelled with a steady influx of people from the countryside. In some places, nearby settlements were swallowed up as the city expanded. The peripheral areas on the outskirts of the city were generally inhabited by the very poorest, by the mid-19th century, the first major suburban areas were springing up around London as the city became more overcrowded and unsanitary. A major catalyst in suburban growth came from the opening of the Metropolitan Railway in the 1860s, the line joined the capitals financial heart in the City to what were to become the suburbs of Middlesex. Harrow was reached in 1880, and the line extended as far as Verney Junction in Buckinghamshire, more than 50 miles from Baker Street. Unlike other railway companies, which were required to dispose of surplus land, in 1912, it was suggested that a specially formed company should take over from the Surplus Lands Committee and develop suburban estates near the railway. However, World War I delayed these plans and it was only in 1919, with expectation of a housing boom. The term Metro-land was coined by the Mets marketing department in 1915 when the Guide to the Extension Line became the Metro-land guide and this promoted the land served by the Met for the walker, visitor and later the house-hunter
Suburban
–
Nassau County,
Long Island is emblematic of continuous
sprawl in an
inner suburb of
New York City, United States.
Suburban
–
Tract housing in
Colorado Springs,
Colorado.
Cul-de-sacs are hallmarks of suburban planning.
Suburban
–
High-rise social housing in
Clichy-sous-Bois, a
banlieue of
Paris
Suburban
–
Row houses in
Upper Darby, an inner-ring suburb of
Philadelphia
7.
Washington, D.C.
–
Washington, D. C. formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D. C. is the capital of the United States. The signing of the Residence Act on July 16,1790, Constitution provided for a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Congress and the District is therefore not a part of any state. The states of Maryland and Virginia each donated land to form the federal district, named in honor of President George Washington, the City of Washington was founded in 1791 to serve as the new national capital. In 1846, Congress returned the land ceded by Virginia, in 1871. Washington had an population of 681,170 as of July 2016. Commuters from the surrounding Maryland and Virginia suburbs raise the population to more than one million during the workweek. The Washington metropolitan area, of which the District is a part, has a population of over 6 million, the centers of all three branches of the federal government of the United States are in the District, including the Congress, President, and Supreme Court. Washington is home to national monuments and museums, which are primarily situated on or around the National Mall. The city hosts 176 foreign embassies as well as the headquarters of international organizations, trade unions, non-profit organizations, lobbying groups. A locally elected mayor and a 13‑member council have governed the District since 1973, However, the Congress maintains supreme authority over the city and may overturn local laws. D. C. residents elect a non-voting, at-large congressional delegate to the House of Representatives, the District receives three electoral votes in presidential elections as permitted by the Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1961. Various tribes of the Algonquian-speaking Piscataway people inhabited the lands around the Potomac River when Europeans first visited the area in the early 17th century, One group known as the Nacotchtank maintained settlements around the Anacostia River within the present-day District of Columbia. Conflicts with European colonists and neighboring tribes forced the relocation of the Piscataway people, some of whom established a new settlement in 1699 near Point of Rocks, Maryland. 43, published January 23,1788, James Madison argued that the new government would need authority over a national capital to provide for its own maintenance. Five years earlier, a band of unpaid soldiers besieged Congress while its members were meeting in Philadelphia, known as the Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783, the event emphasized the need for the national government not to rely on any state for its own security. However, the Constitution does not specify a location for the capital, on July 9,1790, Congress passed the Residence Act, which approved the creation of a national capital on the Potomac River. The exact location was to be selected by President George Washington, formed from land donated by the states of Maryland and Virginia, the initial shape of the federal district was a square measuring 10 miles on each side, totaling 100 square miles. Two pre-existing settlements were included in the territory, the port of Georgetown, Maryland, founded in 1751, many of the stones are still standing
Washington, D.C.
–
Clockwise from top left:
Smithsonian Institution Building,
Rock Creek Park,
National Mall (including the
Lincoln Memorial in the foreground),
Howard Theatre and the
Frederick Douglass National Historic Site
Washington, D.C.
–
Map of the District of Columbia in 1835, prior to the
retrocession
Washington, D.C.
–
Ford's Theatre in the 19th century, site of the 1865
assassination of
President Lincoln
Washington, D.C.
–
Crowds surrounding the
Reflecting Pool during the 1963
March on Washington
8.
Landon School
–
The school’s first location was a former residence in the Sheridan-Kalorama neighborhood of Washington, D. C. now home to the Embassy of Estonia. Banfield moved Landon to its present 75-acre campus in Bethesda in 1935, the farmhouse, stables, and barn from the previous use of the Bethesda property still stand on the campus and are used today. Landon also offers club sports such as riflery, sailing, fencing, squash and ultimate Frisbee, as well as intramural sports and strength. Bethesda, Maryland, is just outside the U. S. capital, Washington, D. C
Landon School
–
The school's original location in
Washington, D.C. now serves as the
Embassy of Estonia.
Landon School
–
Virtute et non vi
9.
Brooke Astor
–
Brooke Astor was the author of two novels and two volumes of personal memoirs. Brooke was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, the child of John Henry Russell, Jr. the 16th Commandant of the Marine Corps. Her paternal grandfather John Henry Russell, Sr. was an admiral in the U. S. Navy. She was named for her grandmother and was known as Bobby to close friends. Due to her fathers career, she spent much of her living in China, the Dominican Republic, Haiti. Also, she briefly attended The Madeira School in 1919 but graduated from the Holton-Arms School in Washington and she married her first husband, John Dryden Kuser, shortly after her 17th birthday, on April 26,1919, in Washington, D. C. I certainly wouldnt advise getting married that young to anyone, she said later in life, at the age of sixteen, youre not jelled yet. The first thing you look at, you fall in love with, John was the son of the financier and conservationist Anthony Rudolph Kuser and Susie Fairfield Drydan. John Kuser later became a New Jersey Republican councilman, assemblyman and they also lived in Bernardsville, New Jersey. Brooke described her tumultuous first marriage as the Worst years of my life, which was punctuated by her husbands alleged physical abuse, alcoholism, and adultery. According to Frances Kiernans 2007 biography of Brooke Astor, when Brooke was six months pregnant with the only child. I learned about terrible manners from the family of my first husband and they didnt know how to treat people. Brooke and John had one son, Anthony Dryden Tony Kuser and she filed for divorce February 15,1930, in Reno, Nevada. It was finalized later that year, John married his second wife, Vieva Marie Fisher Banks September 6,1930, in Virginia City, Nevada. They had one daughter, Suzanne Dryden Kuser, and divorced in October 1935, a week later, Sen. Kuser married Louise Mattei Farry. In 1958, he married, as his wife, Grace Egglesfield Gibbons. An amateur ornithologist and president of the New Jersey Audubon Society and her second husband, whom she married in 1932, was Charles Henry Buddy Marshall. Astor later wrote that the marriage was a love match
Brooke Astor
–
Brooke Astor in 2002 in her duplex
Brooke Astor
–
The grave of Brooke Astor in
Sleepy Hollow Cemetery
10.
Philanthropist
–
Philanthropy means etymologically, the love of humanity, in the sense of caring, nourishing, developing, and enhancing what it means to be human. In this meaning, it both the benefactor in their identifying and exercising their values, and the beneficiary in their receipt. A person who practices philanthropy is called a philanthropist, Philanthropy has distinguishing features from charity, not all charity is philanthropy, or vice versa, though there is a recognized degree of overlap in practice. The literal, classical definitions and understandings of the term philanthropy derive from its origins in the Greek φιλανθρωπία, the most conventional modern definition is private initiatives, for public good, focusing on quality of life. This combines the social scientific aspect developed in the century with the humanistic tradition. These distinctions have been analyzed by Olivier Zunz, and others, instances of philanthropy commonly overlap with instances of charity, though not all charity is philanthropy, or vice versa. The difference commonly cited is that charity relieves the pains of social problems, the first use of the noun form philanthrôpía came shortly thereafter, in the early Platonic dialogue Euthyphro. Socrates is reported to have said that his out of his thoughts freely to his listeners was his philanthrôpía. In the second century CE, Plutarch used the concept of philanthrôpía to describe superior human beings and this Classically synonymous troika, of philanthropy, the humanities, and liberal education, declined with the replacement of the classical world by Christianity. During the Middle Ages, philanthrôpía was superseded by Caritas charity, selfless love, Philanthropy was modernized by Sir Francis Bacon in the 1600s, who is largely credited with preventing the word from being owned by horticulture. Bacon considered philanthrôpía to be synonymous with goodness, which correlated with the Aristotelian conception of virtue, then in the 1700s, an influential lexical figurehead by the name of Samuel Johnson simply defined philanthropy as love of mankind, good nature. This definition still survives today and is cited more gender-neutrally as the love of humanity. However, it was Noah Webster who would more accurately reflect the usage in American English. The precise meaning of philanthropy is still a matter of some contention, nevertheless, there are some working definitions to which the community associated with the field of philanthropic studies most commonly subscribes. The Greeks adopted the love of humanity as an ideal, whose goal was excellence —the fullest self-development, of a body, mind, and spirit. The Platonic Academys philosophical dictionary defined Philanthropy as a state of well-educated habits stemming from love of humanity, just as Prometheus human-empowering gifts rebelled against the tyranny of Zeus, philanthropic was also associated with freedom and democracy. Both Socrates and the laws of Athens were described as philanthropic and democratic, gradually there emerged a non-religious agricultural infrastructure based on peasant farming organized into manors, which were, in turn, organized for law and order by feudalism. Francis Bacon in 1592 wrote in a letter that his vast contemplative ends expressed his philanthropic, Henry Cockeram, in his English dictionary, cited philanthropy as a synonym for humanity—thus reaffirming the Classical formulation
Philanthropist
–
The Foundling Hospital. The building has been demolished.
Philanthropist
–
Andrew Carnegie 's philanthropy.
Puck magazine cartoon by Louis Dalrymple, 1903
Philanthropist
–
John D. Rockefeller in 1885
Philanthropist
–
Front building of the
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in
Seattle
11.
Katharine Byron
–
Katharine Edgar Byron, a Democrat, was a U. S. Congresswoman who represented the 6th congressional district of Maryland from May 27,1941 to January 3,1943. She was the first woman elected to Congress from Maryland, Byron was born in Detroit, Michigan. She attended independent schools during her youth, such as the Westover School of Middlebury, Connecticut, and she later moved to Williamsport, Maryland, in 1922. The Byrons were communicants of Saint Johns Church and she was elected to Congress in a special election held May 27,1941 to replace her husband, Representative William D. Byron, after his death in an airplane crash in Georgia on February 27,1941. She was not a candidate for reelection and retired in Washington and she is interred in Riverview Cemetery of Williamsport, Maryland. Byron was a granddaughter of U. S, senator Louis E. McComas, her son, Goodloe Byron, was also a representative from the 6th district. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, katharine Byron at Find a Grave
Katharine Byron
–
Katharine E. Byron
12.
Shelley Moore Capito
–
Shelley Wellons Moore Capito /ˈkæpᵻtoʊ/ is the junior United States Senator from West Virginia. She was a member of the United States House of Representatives for West Virginias 2nd congressional district from 2001 until her election to the United States Senate in 2014 and she is the current dean of West Virginias congressional delegation. A graduate of Duke University and the University of Virginia, she is the daughter of the late Governor of West Virginia Arch Moore, Capito was the only Republican in the West Virginia congressional delegation until 2011 and the first Republican woman elected to Congress from West Virginia. She won mostly on large majorities in the counties along the Ohio, Pennsylvania, in Congress, Senator Capito has sponsored over 113 pieces of legislation, making her the most prolific federal legislator of the freshmen Senators elected in 2014. She is a member of the Main Street Partnership, with three fellow Republican senators, focused on centrist goals in Congress, the group is the rough equivalent of the Blue Dog Democrats. Born in Glen Dale, West Virginia, the daughter of Shelley and Arch Alfred Moore and she is a member of Kappa Kappa Gamma sorority and represented the state of West Virginia as the 1972 Cherry Blossom Princess. Capito was elected to the 31st district of the West Virginia House of Delegates in 1996, the district included a portion of the Charleston area. Capito was named Minority Chairman of the Health and Human Resources Committee and she narrowly defeated millionaire asbestos lawyer Jim Humphreys 48%–46%. She was the first Republican to represent West Virginia in Congress since 1983 and she won re-election to a second term, defeating Humphreys in rematch 60%–40%. She won every county in the district except Braxton and she became the first West Virginia Republican to win reelection to Congress since her father, who represented the 1st district in the states northern region from 1957 to 1969. She won re-election to a term, defeating former newscaster Erik Wells 57%–42%. Capito was mentioned as a challenger to Senator Robert Byrd, a longtime foe of her father, in 2006. She won re-election to a term, defeating the states Department of Environmental Protection Secretary Mike Callaghan. She won all but two counties, Braxton and Clay, Capito won re-election to a fifth term, defeating Anne Barth, a longtime former aide to U. S. She won all but two counties, Braxton and Jefferson, during the 2010 election cycle, she was mentioned as a Republican candidate to challenge Joe Manchin for the vacated United State Senate seat of the late Robert C. More importantly, this is not about me, but what is right for the people of West Virginia, Capito won re-election to a sixth term, defeating Lynch Graf, 68%–30%. For the first time in her career, she won all 18 counties of the district, after redistricting, Capito was challenged in the Republican primary for the first time in her career. Capito said she planned on fighting to dismantle the federal health care overhaul and she defeated Delegate Jonathan Miller and Michael Davis 83%–11%–6%
Shelley Moore Capito
–
Shelley Moore Capito
Shelley Moore Capito
–
Capito Congressional photo 2013
13.
Julia Louis-Dreyfus
–
Julia Scarlett Elizabeth Louis-Dreyfus is an American actress, comedian, and producer. She is known for her work in comedy, including Saturday Night Live, Seinfeld, The New Adventures of Old Christine. Louis-Dreyfus holds several records for most Primetime Emmy Award wins and nominations, Louis-Dreyfus broke into comedy as a performer in The Practical Theatre Company in Chicago, Illinois, which led to her casting in the sketch show Saturday Night Live from 1982 to 1985. Her breakthrough came in 1990 with a run playing Elaine Benes on Seinfeld. Louis-Dreyfus film roles have included Hannah and Her Sisters, National Lampoons Christmas Vacation, Deconstructing Harry and she has voiced roles in several animated films, including A Bugs Life and Planes. Louis-Dreyfus has received nine Emmy Awards, seven for acting and two for producing, with a total of 22 nominations throughout her career and she has also received a Golden Globe Award, seven Screen Actors Guild Awards, five American Comedy Awards, and two Critics Choice Television Awards. Louis-Dreyfus received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2010, in 2016, Time named Louis-Dreyfus one of the 100 most influential people in the world on the annual Time 100 list. Louis-Dreyfus was born in New York City and her American-born mother, Judith, was a writer and special needs tutor, and her French-born father, Gérard Louis-Dreyfus, chaired Louis Dreyfus Energy Services. Her paternal grandfather, Pierre Louis-Dreyfus, was president of the Louis Dreyfus Group, Pierre was from an Alsatian Jewish family, he remained in France during World War II, fighting as a cavalry officer and later in the French Resistance. Her paternal grandmother was born in America, to parents from Brazil and Mexico, during the 1940s, in 1962, one year after Louis-Dreyfuss birth, her parents divorced. After relocating to Washington, D. C. when Julia was eight, her mother married L. Thompson Bowles, during her childhood, her mother occasionally took her to Unitarian church services. Louis-Dreyfus spent her childhood in several states and countries, in connection with her stepfathers work with Project HOPE, including Vietnam, Colombia and she graduated from the Holton-Arms School in Bethesda, Maryland in 1979, and attended Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. There, she was a member of the Delta Gamma sorority, as part of her comedic training, Louis-Dreyfus appeared in The Second City, one of Chicagos best-known improvisation theatre groups. It was her performance with The Practical Theatre Company at their Golden 50th Anniversary Jubilee that led to her being asked to join the cast of NBCs Saturday Night Live at the age of 21. Louis-Dreyfus was subsequently made into a cast member on Saturday Night Live from 1982 to 1985, during her time on SNL, she appeared alongside several actors who would later rise to prominence, such as Eddie Murphy, Jim Belushi, Billy Crystal, and Martin Short. It was during her third and final year on SNL that she met writer Larry David during his year on the show. In 1988, she was cast in the NBC sitcom Day by Day, in the early-1990s Louis-Dreyfus became famous for the role of Elaine Benes on NBCs Seinfeld. She played the role for nine seasons, appearing in all, one of the episodes that she did not appear in was the inaugural pilot episode, The Seinfeld Chronicles, because her character was not initially intended to be a part of the series
Julia Louis-Dreyfus
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Louis-Dreyfus at the 2012
Tribeca Film Festival.
Julia Louis-Dreyfus
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Louis-Dreyfus as a part of The Practical Theatre Company's Golden 50th Anniversary Jubilee, alongside cast mates Brad Hall, Gary Kroeger and Paul Barrosse
Julia Louis-Dreyfus
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Louis-Dreyfus at the unveiling of her star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, May 2010
Julia Louis-Dreyfus
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Louis-Dreyfus with Vice President Joe Biden
14.
Actress
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An actor is a person who portrays a character in a performance. Simplistically speaking, the person denominated actor or actress is someone beautiful who plays important characters, the actor performs in the flesh in the traditional medium of the theatre, or in modern mediums such as film, radio, and television. The analogous Greek term is ὑποκριτής, literally one who answers, the actors interpretation of their role pertains to the role played, whether based on a real person or fictional character. Interpretation occurs even when the actor is playing themselves, as in forms of experimental performance art, or, more commonly, to act, is to create. Formerly, in societies, only men could become actors. When used for the stage, women played the roles of prepubescent boys. The etymology is a derivation from actor with ess added. However, when referring to more than one performer, of both sexes, actor is preferred as a term for male performers. Actor is also used before the name of a performer as a gender-specific term. Within the profession, the re-adoption of the term dates to the 1950–1960s. As Whoopi Goldberg put it in an interview with the paper, Im an actor – I can play anything. The U. K. performers union Equity has no policy on the use of actor or actress, an Equity spokesperson said that the union does not believe that there is a consensus on the matter and stated that the. subject divides the profession. In 2009, the Los Angeles Times stated that Actress remains the term used in major acting awards given to female recipients. However, player remains in use in the theatre, often incorporated into the name of a group or company, such as the American Players. Also, actors in improvisational theatre may be referred to as players, prior to Thespis act, Grecian stories were only expressed in song, dance, and in third person narrative. In honor of Thespis, actors are commonly called Thespians, the exclusively male actors in the theatre of ancient Greece performed in three types of drama, tragedy, comedy, and the satyr play. Western theatre developed and expanded considerably under the Romans, as the Western Roman Empire fell into decay through the 4th and 5th centuries, the seat of Roman power shifted to Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire. Records show that mime, pantomime, scenes or recitations from tragedies and comedies, dances, from the 5th century, Western Europe was plunged into a period of general disorder
Actress
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Actors from the
Comédie-Française c. 1720.
Actress
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Actors
Jim Brochu and
Steve Schalchlin performing in the
play The Big Voice: God or Merman
Actress
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Actress
Margaret Hughes c. 1670
Actress
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Recording a radio play in the Netherlands (1949),
Spaarnestad Photo
15.
Elaine Benes
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Elaine Marie Benes /ˈbɛnᵻs/ is a fictional character on the American television sitcom Seinfeld, played by Julia Louis-Dreyfus. Elaines best friend is her ex-boyfriend Jerry Seinfeld, and she is good friends with George Costanza. Julia Louis-Dreyfus received critical acclaim for her performance as Elaine, winning an Emmy, Julia Louis-Dreyfus reprised the role during season 41 of Saturday Night Live. Unlike her three friends, Elaine is absent from the pilot episode. Previously the female role was supposed to be Claire, the waitress at Petes Luncheonette played by Lee Garlington, Elaine first appears in The Stake Out, but in production order she appears in a final scene eating M&Ms in Male Unbonding. In addition to the first episode, Elaine doesnt appear in The Trip and therefore appears in fewer episodes than George and Jerry. After it was discovered that Jerry Seinfeld once dated writer and comedian Carol Leifer, speculation grew that Elaine was based on Leifer, though that was later largely denied. She says some elements of the character of Elaine, especially her assertiveness, intelligence, according to Seinfelds biography, Elaine was based in part on Susan McNabb, though eventually named after friend and fellow comic Elayne Boosler. Also, the character was based on Monica Yates, daughter of novelist Richard Yates, whom Larry David once dated. Elaine is normally intelligent and assertive, but also quite superficial, shes one of the boys, and despite the troubles they go through as a group, she remains the closest female friend to the main male cast throughout the series. Her traits are usually edgy and neurotic and she has a tendency to easily get angry with almost everybody, Elaine is a serial dater, a trait lampooned in The Sponge, where shes desperate to buy a cache of discontinued contraceptive sponges before theyre all bought up. She coins the word spongeworthy debating her then-boyfriends prospects of intimacy at the expense of her inventory and her neuroses often interfere with her relationships, leading to the premature end of a blossoming relationship. For example, in The Stall, Elaine is dating Tony, after a rock climbing accident mangles Tonys face, Elaine admits to Jerry that she cant date somebody whos unattractive and wonders how long shes obligated to stay with him post-accident. Later, in The Couch after proclaiming her love for new boyfriend Carl, Elaine also is attracted to men with lucrative jobs, especially doctors. Generally, her hair was long with curls or waves, by Season 7, her hairstyle had matured and had a more modern look for the rest of the series, even wearing it straight in The Wait Out and The Invitations. There are a few episodes where her hair has an effect on mostly her boyfriends, in The Strike, its damaged when affected by steam. In The Smelly Car a valet makes Jerrys car and Elaines hair smell like body odor, in The Movie George describes Elaine as having a big wall o hair. Her clothes are quite conservative
Elaine Benes
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Elaine Marie Benes
16.
Seinfeld
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Seinfeld is an American sitcom that originally ran for nine seasons on NBC, from 1989 to 1998. It was created by Larry David and Jerry Seinfeld, the latter starring as a version of himself. It is often described as being a show about nothing, as many of its episodes are about the minutiae of daily life, Seinfeld was produced by Castle Rock Entertainment. In syndication, the series has been distributed by Sony Pictures Television since 2002, a favorite among critics, the series led the Nielsen ratings in seasons six and nine, and finished among the top two every year from 1994 to 1998. In 2002, TV Guide named Seinfeld the greatest television program of all time, E. named it the number 1 reason the 90s ruled. In 2013, the Writers Guild of America named Seinfeld the No.2 Best Written TV Series of All Time and that same year, Entertainment Weekly named it the No.3 best TV series of all time and TV Guide ranked it at No.2. Main Jerry Seinfeld – Jerry is a minor celeb stand-up comedian who is depicted as the voice of reason amidst the general insanity generated by the people in his world. The in-show character is a mild germaphobe and neat freak, as well as an avid Superman, New York Mets, Jerrys apartment is the center of a world visited by his eccentric friends and a focus of the show. Plot lines often involve Jerrys social interactions and romantic relationships around New York City and he typically finds minor, pedantic reasons to break up with women, including a habit of eating peas one at a time, oversized man hands and an irritating laugh. Other plot lines involve his longtime enemy Newman and his overbearing relatives, Elaine Benes – Elaine is Jerrys ex-girlfriend and later friend. She is attractive and genial, while also being humorous, arrogant and she sometimes has a tendency to be too honest with people, which often gets her into trouble. She usually gets caught up in her boyfriends quirks, eccentric employers unusual behaviors and idiosyncrasies, and she tends to make poor choices in men she chooses to date and is often overly reactionary. First she works at Pendant Publishing with Mr. Lippman, is hired as a personal assistant for Mr. Pitt. One of Elaines trademark moves is her forceful shove while exclaiming Get Out, when she receives good, objectionable or surprising news. Another is her memorable Little Kicks dance move, which is described as a full body heave accompanied by a double-fisted thumbs-up and she hates The English Patient, which is met with significant social disapproval. Elaine is popularly described as an amalgamation of Davids and Seinfelds girlfriends during their days in New York as struggling comedians. Cosmo Kramer – Kramer is Jerrys wacky neighbor and his trademarks include his humorous upright pompadour hairstyle, vintage clothes, and energetic sliding bursts through Jerrys apartment door. Kramer was heavily based on a neighbor of Davids during his amateur comedic years in Manhattan and this is seen in his success with women and employers
Seinfeld
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The main cast of Seinfeld
Seinfeld
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Tom's Restaurant, a diner at 112th Street and
Broadway, in
Manhattan that was used as the exterior image of
Monk's Café in the show
Seinfeld
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The Los Angeles building used to depict the exterior of Jerry's apartment building at 129 West 81st Street, Manhattan
17.
Susan Ford
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Susan Elizabeth Ford Bales is an American author, photojournalist, and former chair of the board of the Betty Ford Center for alcohol and drug abuse. Ford is the youngest child and only daughter of former U. S. President Gerald Ford and she was one of three people targeted for violence by the Symbionese Liberation Army and had Secret Service protection well before her father became president. As a teenager attending the Holton-Arms School in Bethesda, Maryland, she held her prom, for the class of 1975. She served as official White House hostess when her mother was hospitalized for breast cancer, Ford enrolled in Mount Vernon College for Women in northwest Washington, D. C. in 1975 when her father was in the White House. She later transferred to the University of Kansas for the semester of 1977. She was hired to shoot publicity stills for the film Jaws 2, in 1992 she became a member of the board of the Betty Ford Center and in 2005 became chair of the organization. She succeeded her mother, who remained a board member, in 2002 she wrote, with Laura Hayden, a novel, Double Exposure, A First Daughter Mystery, with a contemporary White House setting, in 2005 a sequel, Sharp Focus, was published. In recent years and in addition to her responsibilities at the Betty Ford Center, Ford has been active on behalf of her parents. That was particularly so during the December 26,2006 – January 3,2007 state funeral services and ceremonies for her father, Ford Presidential Museum in Grand Rapids, Michigan. In addition, on January 1, she assisted her mother in receiving dignitaries, on January 16,2007, Susan Ford spoke at a Naming Ceremony at the Pentagon. At the ceremony, the aircraft carrier CVN-78, now under construction, was named the USS Gerald R. Ford. That same day Secretary of the Navy Donald Winter announced that Ford had been named the carriers ceremonial sponsor, on November 14,2009, Ford participated in the keel laying for the ship. On June 11,2007, she delivered remarks in Washington, in July 2007, Ford represented her mother at the funeral service of former First Lady Lady Bird Johnson. Also in July 2007, she and her husband Vaden Bales represented Mrs. Ford, on November 9,2013, she christened the Gerald R. Ford with a bottle of champagne. She married Charles Vance, one of her fathers former U. S, Secret Service agents, on February 10,1979. For a time operated a private security company in Washington. They have two daughters, Tyne Mary Vance and Heather Elizabeth Vance, but were divorced in 1988, Ford married attorney Vaden Bales in 1989. In Betty Fords Betty – A Glad Awakening, her mother credits Susan with having orchestrated an intervention in 1982 after the Ford family became concerned with her drinking, addictions and behavior
Susan Ford
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Speaking at the official naming ceremony of the USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN 78), 2007.
Susan Ford
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Susan Ford and Siamese cat "Shan Shein" at the White House in 1974
Susan Ford
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Susan Ford christens Gerald R. Ford (CVN 78) in
Newport News, Virginia on November 9, 2013
Susan Ford
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Presidency
18.
Gerald Ford
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Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. was an American politician who served as the 38th President of the United States from 1974 to 1977, following the resignation of Richard Nixon. Prior to this he served eight months as the 40th Vice President of the United States, before his appointment to the vice presidency, Ford served 25 years as U. S. Representative from Michigans 5th congressional district, the nine of them as the House Minority Leader. As President, Ford signed the Helsinki Accords, marking a move toward détente in the Cold War, with the conquest of South Vietnam by North Vietnam nine months into his presidency, U. S. involvement in Vietnam essentially ended. Domestically, Ford presided over the worst economy in the four decades since the Great Depression, with growing inflation, one of his most controversial acts was to grant a presidential pardon to President Richard Nixon for his role in the Watergate scandal. During Fords presidency, foreign policy was characterized in procedural terms by the increased role Congress began to play, in the Republican presidential primary campaign of 1976, Ford defeated former California Governor Ronald Reagan for the Republican nomination. Arthur not to be elected in his own right, following his years as President, Ford remained active in the Republican Party. After experiencing health problems, he died at home on December 26,2006, Ford lived longer than any other U. S. president –93 years and 165 days – while his 895-day presidency was the shortest of all presidents who did not die in office. Gerald Rudolph Ford was born Leslie Lynch King Jr. on July 14,1913, at 3202 Woolworth Avenue in Omaha, Nebraska, where his parents lived with his paternal grandparents. His mother was Dorothy Ayer Gardner and his father was Leslie Lynch King Sr. a wool trader, Dorothy separated from King just sixteen days after her sons birth. She took her son with her to the Oak Park, Illinois, home of her sister Tannisse and brother-in-law, from there, she moved to the home of her parents, Levi Addison Gardner and Adele Augusta Ayer, in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Dorothy and King divorced in December 1913, she gained custody of her son. Fords paternal grandfather Charles Henry King paid child support until shortly before his death in 1930, Ford later said his biological father had a history of hitting his mother. James M. Ford later told confidantes that his father had first hit his mother on their honeymoon for smiling at another man. After two and a half years with her parents, on February 1,1916, Dorothy married Gerald Rudolff Ford and they then called her son Gerald Rudolff Ford, Jr. The future president was never adopted, and did not legally change his name until December 3,1935. He was raised in Grand Rapids with his three half-brothers from his mothers marriage, Thomas Gardner Tom Ford, Richard Addison Dick Ford. Ford also had three half-siblings from the marriage of Leslie King, Sr. his biological father, Marjorie King, Leslie Henry King
Gerald Ford
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Ford in August 1974
Gerald Ford
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Eagle Scout Gerald Ford (circled in red) in 1929;
Michigan Governor Fred W. Green at far left, holding hat
Gerald Ford
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Ford as a center on the University of Michigan
football team, 1933
Gerald Ford
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The Gunnery officers of the
USS Monterey. Ford is second from the right, in the front row.
19.
CBS Morning News
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CBS Morning News is an American early morning television news program for CBS News that is broadcast on CBS. The program features late-breaking news stories, national weather forecasts and sports highlights, since 2013, it has been anchored by Anne Marie Green, who concurrently anchored the CBS late-night news program Up to the Minute until its cancellation in September 2015. The program is broadcast live at 4,00 a. m, eastern Time, and is transmitted in a continuous half-hour tape delayed loop until 10,00 a. m. Eastern Time, when CBS This Morning begins in the Pacific Time Zone, the show is updated for any breaking news occurring before 7,00 a. m. Eastern Time, while throughout the network will join CBS This Morning in all time zones past that time at their local discretion or network orders for live coverage. The CBS Morning News title was used as the name of a conventional morning news program that served as a predecessor to the networks current morning program. For most of the 1960s and 1970s, the program aired as a 60-minute hard news broadcast at 7,00 a. m. preceding Captain Kangaroo, walter Cronkite and sportscaster Jim McKay both anchored the original CBS Morning News at one time. When CBS reformatted the early morning broadcast, the CBS Morning News became a pre-dawn 30-minute news broadcast, the program first aired in its current format on October 4,1982 as the CBS Early Morning News, originally co-anchored by Bill Kurtis and Diane Sawyer. Sawyer departed both programs in mid-1984, to be named a correspondent for 60 Minutes later that year, in her absence, Kurtis was joined by a rotating series of co-hosts, principally Maria Shriver, Meredith Vieira and Jane Wallace. For the first half of 1985, Kurtis would continue to anchor the Early Morning News solo until March while continuing to co-anchor the Morning News with Phyllis George until July. After Osgood left the program in 1992, the anchor turnover continued, in March 2009, when Michelle Gielan was named anchor of Up to the Minute, the CBS Morning News became integrated with the overnight news program, using the same anchors on both programs. In November 2012, production of the CBS Morning News and Up to the Minute relocated in the CBS Broadcast Center. On September 21,2015, the CBS Morning News debuted a new look, including a new logo, in addition, production of the program moved to the newsroom of CBS This Morning, where broadcasts of CBSN are also produced. Its long-running counterpart, Up to the Minute, was replaced the same day by the CBS Overnight News, Anne Marie Green Alison Harmelin The Early Show – Defunct morning news/talk program, which aired on CBS from 1999 to 2012. America This Morning – Competing early-morning news program on ABC, which debuted in 1982
CBS Morning News
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CBS Morning News title card while under the Leadership of Susan McGinnis (2002-08).
CBS Morning News
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Titlecard from September 21, 2015
20.
Up To The Minute
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CBS Overnight News is an American overnight television news program that is broadcast on CBS during the early morning hours each Monday through Friday. It also featured rebroadcasts of selected stories from CBS News Sunday Morning,48 Hours,60 Minutes, from 2013 to 2015, the program was solo anchored by Anne Marie Green, who also anchored the networks early-morning news program CBS Morning News. Most CBS stations air the CBS Morning News at 4,00 a. m. local time or earlier and its main competitor is ABCs World News Now, which follows a more irreverent format than the more straightforward news style of CBS. Production of Nightwatch was later moved from New York City to Washington, D. C. at which time Charlie Rose and Lark McCarthy became the programs anchors. CBS announced its decision to cancel Nightwatch in early 1992, and replaced it with a news program, Up to the Minute. Regular on-air contributors to Up to the Minute included John Quain and these graphics were updated in 2005,2006,2009, and then again in 2011 to match the current look of the CBS Evening News. In March 2009, when Michelle Gielan was named anchor of Up to the Minute, production of the program was integrated with the CBS Morning News, until then, Up to the Minute had continued to broadcast in standard definition. On June 25,2015, Newsday reported that CBS News had decided to cancel Up to the Minute, up to the Minute ended its run after 23 years on September 18,2015. The CBS Evening News branding remains on the story packages, the Overnight News room is staffed to accommodate breaking news at all times
Up To The Minute
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Former "Up to the Minute" title card.
21.
Albert Gore, Sr.
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Albert Arnold Al Gore Sr. known simply as Al Gore before the fame of his son, was an American politician, who served as a U. S. Senator for the Democratic Party from Tennessee and he was the father of Al Gore, the 45th Vice President of the United States. Gore was born in Granville, Tennessee, the third of five children of Margie Bettie, gores ancestors include Scots-Irish immigrants who first settled in Virginia in the mid-18th century and moved to Tennessee after the Revolutionary War. Gore studied at Middle Tennessee State Teachers College and graduated from the Nashville Y. M. C. A, night Law School, now the Nashville School of Law. He first sought public office at age 23, when he ran unsuccessfully for the job of superintendent of schools in Smith County. A year later he was appointed to the position after the man who had defeated him died, representative and Senator, and later serving as Vice President of the United States under Bill Clinton. S. Gore was re-elected to the 79th and to the three succeeding Congresses, in 1951, Gore proposed in Congress that something cataclysmic be done by U. S. forces to end the Korean War, a radiation belt dividing the Korean peninsula permanently into two. Gore was not a candidate for House re-election but was elected in 1952 to the U. S. Senate, in his 1952 election, he defeated six-term incumbent Kenneth McKellar. Gores victory, coupled with that of Frank G. H. Crump, during this term, Gore was instrumental in sponsoring and enacting the legislation creating the Interstate Highway System. Gore was re-elected in 1958 and again in 1964, and served from January 3,1953, to January 3,1971, in the Senate, he was chairman of the Special Committee on Attempts to Influence Senators during the 84th Congress. Johnson of Texas, and Tennessees other senator, Estes Kefauver, South Carolina Senator J. Strom Thurmond tried to get Gore to sign the Southern Manifesto, but Gore refused. Gore easily won renomination in 1958 over former governor Jim Nance McCord, in those days, Democratic nomination was still tantamount to election in Tennessee since the Republican Party was largely nonexistent in most of the state. In 1964, he faced an energetic Republican challenge from Dan Kuykendall, chairman of the Shelby County GOP, while Gore won, Kuykendall held him to only 53 percent of the vote, in spite of Johnsons massive landslide victory in that years presidential election. By 1970, Gore was considered to be vulnerable for a three-term incumbent Senator, as a result of his liberal positions on many issues such as the Vietnam War. This was especially risky, electorally, as at the time Tennessee was moving more and more toward the Republican Party, Gore fended off this primary challenge, but he was ultimately unseated in the 1970 general election by Republican Congressman Bill Brock. Gore was one of the key targets in the Nixon/Agnew Southern strategy and he had earned Nixons ire the year before when he criticized the administrations do-nothing policy toward inflation. In a memo to senior advisor Bryce Harlow, Nixon aide Alexander Butterfield relayed the Presidents desire that Gore be blistered for his comment, spiro T. Agnew traveled to Tennessee in 1970 to mock Gore as the Southern regional chairman of the Eastern Liberal Establishment. Harrold Carswell to the U. S. Supreme Court, Brock won the election by a 51% to 47% margin
Albert Gore, Sr.
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Albert Gore, Sr.
