Exit-Entry Permit for Travelling to and from Hong Kong and Macau
The Exit-Entry Permit for Travelling to and from Hong Kong and Macau, colloquially known as a Two-way Permit or EEP is issued to Chinese nationals with residency in Mainland China as a travel document for the sole purpose to travel the Chinese Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau. The Bureau of Exit and Entry Administration of the Chinese Ministry of Public Security is responsible for the issuing of Two-way Permits and exit endorsements. Due to the "One country, two systems" policy, Hong Kong and Mainland Chinese residents who are Chinese citizens cannot use their Chinese, Hong Kong, or Macau passports to enter their respective territories though those passports are considered legal valid travel document; the Two-way Permit is the sole travel document for personal visit, family reunion and other non-government purposes to and from the two Chinese Special Administrative Regions. Exceptions are Mainland residents who are transiting to or from a third country or region, as they can use their Chinese passports when entering Hong Kong or Macau for a stay of seven days.
The new version of the permit is changed to a credit-card sized document, which contains a biometric chip, was first introduced in Guangdong on May 20, 2014, issued nationally on September 15, 2014. The design is similar to the Taiwan Compatriot Permit but the card's color scheme is in light blue; the personal data are directly imprinted on the front of the card while the back of the card contains heat-sensitive ink which are used to print entry endorsements. Previous version of the permit is a passport-like booklet format, with a blue cover and the National Emblem of the People's Republic of China in gold; the words "中华人民共和国" and "往来港澳通行证" are displayed in simplified Chinese characters. The booklet-type permit has 32 pages for entry endorsements, the biodata page, with the machine-readable code, is located in the back cover, unlike Chinese passports. All personal data are printed in Simplified Chinese, with only the name of the holder transcribed into Pinyin. Two-way Permits are issued, just like the Chinese passport, by local Exit and Entry Administrations of local Public Security Bureaus of their places of residence.
Mainland residents must apply for a new permit in person, while exit endorsements can be obtained either through the automatic endorsement machine located in EEA offices or by mail for persons residing in Guangdong. Exit endorsements are not issued to a permit with a remaining validity of less than three months. In general, a Mainland resident, in possession of a valid EEP bearing a valid exit endorsement may exit Mainland China and land in Hong Kong, with a limit of stay in accordance with the exit endorsement, provided that normal immigration requirements are met; the number of journeys permitted to Hong Kong are stated in the exit endorsement, i.e. single-journey, double-journey or multiple-journey. There are six types of exit endorsements issued by Ministry of Public Security: 个人旅游 G: valid for 3 month or 1 year, single- or double- journey, maximum 7 days per visit. 探亲 T: to visit a sibling: valid for 3 months, single journey, maximum 14 days. 商务 S: valid for 3 months or one year, maximum 7 days per visit.
团队旅游 L: valid for 3 month or 1 year, single- or double- journey, maximum 7 days per visit. 其他 Q: valid for 3 month or 1 year, single- or double- journey, maximum 14 days per visit. 逗留 D: maximum stay authorized by respective SAR immigration officers. In addition, 奥运A was a specially-designated endorsement for 90 days multiple exits and entries during the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. Women who are more than 28 weeks pregnant and suspected to be entering Hong Kong to give birth must show a booking confirmation at a Hong Kong hospital. Exit endorsements issued to the booklet-type permit are affixed on one of the endorsement pages, similar to visas, while card-type permits have the information stored in the chip; the heat-sensitive ink in the back of the card ensures that the exit endorsements are visible to human eyes and can be re-printed by the special printer after the endorsement is used or invalid. One-way Permit Home Return Permit Taiwan Compatriot Entry Permit Individual Visit Scheme 内地居民申请往来港澳地区 Division of Exit & Entry Administration, Guangdong provincial Public Security Department Two-way Permit application guide, China Travel Service Hong Kong
Simplified Chinese characters
Simplified Chinese characters are standardized Chinese characters prescribed in the Table of General Standard Chinese Characters for use in mainland China. Along with traditional Chinese characters, they are one of the two standard character sets of the contemporary Chinese written language; the government of the People's Republic of China in mainland China has promoted them for use in printing since the 1950s and 1960s to encourage literacy. They are used in the People's Republic of China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese characters are used in Hong Kong and the Republic of China. While traditional characters can still be read and understood by many mainland Chinese and the Chinese community in Malaysia and Singapore, these groups retain their use of simplified characters. Overseas Chinese communities tend to use traditional characters. Simplified Chinese characters may be referred to by their official name colloquially; the latter refers to simplifications of character "structure" or "body", character forms that have existed for thousands of years alongside regular, more complicated forms.
On the other hand, the official name refers to the modern systematically simplified character set, which includes not only structural simplification but substantial reduction in the total number of standardized Chinese characters. Simplified character forms were created by reducing the number of strokes and simplifying the forms of a sizable proportion of Chinese characters; some simplifications were based on popular cursive forms embodying graphic or phonetic simplifications of the traditional forms. Some characters were simplified by applying regular rules, for example, by replacing all occurrences of a certain component with a simplified version of the component. Variant characters with the same pronunciation and identical meaning were reduced to a single standardized character the simplest amongst all variants in form. Many characters were left untouched by simplification, are thus identical between the traditional and simplified Chinese orthographies; some simplified characters are dissimilar to and unpredictably different from traditional characters in those where a component is replaced by a simple symbol.
This has led some opponents of simplification to complain that the'overall process' of character simplification is arbitrary. Proponents counter that the system of simplification is internally consistent. Proponents have emphasized a some particular simplified characters as innovative and useful improvements, although many of these have existed for centuries as longstanding and widespread variants. A second round of simplifications was promulgated in 1977, but was retracted in 1986 for a variety of reasons due to the confusion caused and the unpopularity of the second round simplifications. However, the Chinese government never dropped its goal of further simplification in the future. In August 2009, the PRC began collecting public comments for a modified list of simplified characters; the new Table of General Standard Chinese Characters consisting of 8,105 characters was implemented for use by the State Council of the People's Republic of China on June 5, 2013. Although most of the simplified Chinese characters in use today are the result of the works moderated by the government of the People's Republic of China in the 1950s and 60s, character simplification predates the PRC's formation in 1949.
Cursive written text always includes character simplification. Simplified forms used in print are attested as early as the Qin dynasty. One of the earliest proponents of character simplification was Lufei Kui, who proposed in 1909 that simplified characters should be used in education. In the years following the May Fourth Movement in 1919, many anti-imperialist Chinese intellectuals sought ways to modernise China. Traditional culture and values such as Confucianism were challenged. Soon, people in the Movement started to cite the traditional Chinese writing system as an obstacle in modernising China and therefore proposed that a reform be initiated, it was suggested that the Chinese writing system should be either simplified or abolished. Lu Xun, a renowned Chinese author in the 20th century, stated that, "If Chinese characters are not destroyed China will die". Recent commentators have claimed that Chinese characters were blamed for the economic problems in China during that time. In the 1930s and 1940s, discussions on character simplification took place within the Kuomintang government, a large number of Chinese intellectuals and writers maintained that character simplification would help boost literacy in China.
In 1935, 324 simplified characters collected by Qian Xuantong were introduced as the table of first batch of simplified characters, but they were suspended in 1936. The PRC issued its first round of official character simplifications in two documents, the first in 1956 and the second in 1964. Within the PRC, further character simplification became associated with the leftists of the Cultural Revolution, culminating with the second-round simplified characters, which were promulgated in 1977. In part due to the shock and unease felt in the wake of the Cultural Revolution and Mao's death, the second-round of simplifications was poorly received. In 1986 the authorities retracted the second round completely. In the same year, the authorities promulgated a final list of simplifications, identical to the 1964 list except for six changes (including the restoration of three characters, simplified in the First Round: 叠, 覆, 像.
Tsim Sha Tsui
Tsim Sha Tsui abbreviated as TST, is an urban area in southern Kowloon, Hong Kong. The area is administratively part of the Yau Tsim Mong District. Tsim Sha Tsui East is a piece of land reclaimed from the Hung Hom Bay now east of Tsim Sha Tsui; the area is bounded north by Austin Road and in the east by Cheong Wan Road. Geographically, Tsim Sha Tsui is a cape on the tip of the Kowloon Peninsula pointing towards Victoria Harbour, opposite Central. Several villages had been established in this location before Kowloon was ceded to the British Empire in 1860. Tsim Sha Tsui in Chinese means sharp sandspit, it was known as Heung Po Tau, i.e. a port for exporting incense tree. Tsim Sha Tsui is a major tourist hub in metropolitan Hong Kong, with many high-end shops and restaurants that cater to tourists. Many of Hong Kong's museums are located in the area; the name Tsim Sha Tsui means'sharp sandspit' in Cantonese. The traditional and archaic form of Tsim Sha Tsui in Chinese has the same pronunciation but is written differently.
Before any land reclamation, Tsim Sha Tsui consisted of two parallel capes with a bay in between in the south. The west cape, Kowloon Point, the proper Tsim Sha Tsui, coincided with the small hill where the Former Marine Police Headquarters is sited, while the east cape was the hill, today known as Blackhead Point; the bay between the capes extended as far north as the present-day Mody Road. Today, Canton Road marks the western edge of Tsim Sha Tsui, Chatham Road the eastern edge; the area is hilly. Historical maps in Ming or Qing Dynasty named the channel between Tsim Sha Tsui and Central as Chung Mun as it is located in the middle of the two other channels, Kap Shui Mun in the west and Lei Yue Mun in the east, in the harbour. Before Kowloon was ceded to Britain in 1860, many villages were present in the area. Incense trees from New Territories were gathered at some quays in Tsim Sha Tsui and transferred to Shek Pai Wan in southern Hong Kong Island to be exported to rest of the world, it was thus known as the fragrant quay.
Shortly after the land was ceded to Britain, construction began on the first section of Tsim Sha Tsui's major thoroughfare, Nathan Road. In 1888, the Star Ferry offered regular transport between Central and Tsim Sha Tsui, the area has flourished since; until the 20th century, Tsim Sha Tsui was a leafy suburb dominated by the people and facilities of the British military. Whitfield Barracks, converted into Kowloon Park in 1970, ran to the west of Nathan Road, Kowloon Naval Yard occupied the waterfront to the west of the army encampment. In the early 20th century, Chinese people were allowed to live in the area to attract more people to trade in the colony. Garden houses were replaced with crowded residential blocks. Wharves and godowns were built along the west shore. Major developers like Hormusjee Naorojee Mody and Catchick Paul Chater participated in the development of Tsim Sha Tsui; the Kowloon–Canton Railway commenced service on 1 October 1910. Kowloon Station in Tsim Sha Tsui was built on the new southern reclamation from 1913 to 1915.
The rails extended along the western reclamation parallel to Chatham Road, with old Hung Hom Station near the Gun Club Hill Barracks at the junction of Chatham Road and Austin Road. Another major road, Salisbury Road, was completed in the same period; the landmark Peninsula Hotel was built opposite to the station. The Kowloon Station was relocated to a new Hung Hom Station in 1978; the whole station and rails were demolished except the landmark Clock Tower. Hong Kong Space Museum and the Hong Kong Cultural Centre were erected on the site; the rails were replaced with other gardens in Tsim Sha Tsui East. In 2016 the Tsim Sha Tsui Waterfront Revitalisation Plan was shelved due to public controversy. Tsim Sha Tsui remains tertiary sector from colonial days to present. In early colonial days, transport and trading are main business of the area; as port and rail facilities moved out of the area, the major industry falls on the two. Tsim Sha Tsui, like Central, contains several centres of finance. After Kai Tak Airport closed, the height restrictions on buildings has dropped and now larger taller skyscrapers, parallel to those of Central, have been constructed.
There are a substantial number of African and Pakistani minorities in the area. In colonial days, many Indians set up their businesses or joined the army and police force in Hong Kong, their descendents continue to live in the territory. In recent years, Hong Kong has attracted African traders those of the Commonwealth, to trade in the territory. Most of them live in inns in the area. Tourist hospitality is a major industry in Tsim Sha Tsui; the area has the highest concentration of hotels in Hong Kong. Prominent and renowned hotels include The Peninsula, The Kowloon Hotel at Middle Road, Kowloon Shangri-La, the InterContinental Hong Kong, the Sheraton Hotel, three Marco Polo Hotels, The Langham Hong Kong, the Renaissance Kowloon Hotel, The Mira Hong Kong, Baden-Powell International House, Hotel Icon and the Hotel Panorama; the Hyatt Regency Hong Kong was closed on 1 January 2006 and the iSQUARE shopping mall was built at its former location. It has re-opened in October 2009 on Hanoi Road of Tsim Sha Tsui within the new The Masterpiece skyscraper.
Other hotels in every price range and level of luxury can be found throughout the area. Tsim Sha Tsui is one of m
Hongling Middle School
Shenzhen Hongling Middle School is a secondary junior and senior high school in Shenzhen. Hongling Middle School was started in 1981. On its website it says it is "the best secondary school in central Shenzhen". There are about a thousand students per grade every year. Students here are selected from all districts, who are outstanding in the'zhongkao', senior high school entrance examination. Hongling Middle School Jiang Jinjing. "红岭中学高中部新校区喜迎新生". Shenzhen Economic Daily
Zhuhai
Zhuhai is a prefecture-level city on the southern coast of Guangdong province in China. Located in the Pearl River Delta, Zhuhai borders Jiangmen to the northwest, Zhongshan to the north, Macau to the south. Zhuhai was one of the original Special Economic Zones established in the 1980s. Zhuhai is one of China's premier tourist destinations, being called the Chinese Riviera. While the city is located in the traditionally Cantonese-speaking region of Guangdong Province, a significant portion of population is now made up of Mandarin speaking economic migrants from inland provinces; the core of Zhuhai in the northeastern portion of the administrative division, is part of the Guangzhou-Shenzhen built-up area on the mouth of the river delta, the biggest built-up area in the world with more than 44,478,513 inhabitants at the 2010 census, encompassing Shenzhen, Foshan, Macao, main part of Guangzhou, small parts of Jiangmen and Huizhou cities. According to a report released in 2014 by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Zhuhai is the most livable city in China.
Zhuhai borders the Macau Special Administrative Region, is 140 kilometres southwest of Guangzhou. Its territory includes a coastline of 690 kilometres; the islands within the prefecture-level city of Zhuhai include a number of near-shore islands connected to the mainland by bridges or causeways, as well as some islands in the open South China Sea. Some of the latter are geographically closer to Hong Kong than to the Zhuhai mainland; the jurisdiction of Nei Lingding Island, located in the Pearl River estuary was transferred from Zhuhai to Shenzhen in 2009. Zhuhai has a humid subtropical climate affected by the East Asian Monsoon and moderated by the South China Sea, with long and humid summers with frequent thunderstorms, short and dry winters. Average highs in January and July are 32 °C respectively. Snowfalls are unknown and a frost has never been recorded in the city centre. Conversely, extreme heat waves do not occur. Zhuhai became a city in 1979, a year before it was designated as one of the first Special Economic Zones of China.
To neighboring Shenzhen, which became the first Special Economic Zone of China in 1978, the implementation of Zhuhai as an SEZ was due to its strategic position facing Macau, a capitalist trading center similar to Shenzhen's position with Hong Kong. The establishment of Zhuhai as an SEZ allowed the Chinese Central Government and economy to have easier access to the Macau and global market; as a result, Zhuhai is now a major city in the Pearl River Delta region according to the new general urban plan approved by the State Council. The implementation of Special Economy Zone intended for the city to become a key port city and education city and tourism city, as a regional hub for transportation; the outstanding geographic location, a wide range of supporting infrastructure and a deep-water port serve as a major attraction for foreign capital. Utilized foreign investment reached US$10.344 billion in 2008. Among the top 500 enterprises worldwide, 19 of them have investment projects in Zhuhai such as ExxonMobil, BP, Siemens and Matsushita.
Hong Kong is the largest overseas investor in Zhuhai, accounting for 22% of total utilized foreign investment in 2002. Industrial development in Zhuhai focuses on five new high-tech and heavy industries including electronics, computer software and pharmacy, machinery and equipment as well as petrochemical industries. Aiming to strengthen the existing industrial base as well as to provide a better environment for the development of new high-tech industries, the local government has taken the initiative in developing five economic zones: Zhuhai High-Tech Industrial Development ZoneAs one of the four earliest Special Economic Zones in China, Zhuhai SEZ was set up in the year 1980 and granted with a local legislative right. Zhuhai hi-tech zone is located in the north of Zhuhai, close to downtown. Furthermore, technological resources are centralized in our zone; the hi-tech zone is the showcase for Zhuhai's scientific development. Meizu is one high tech product headquartered in Zhuhai. Zhuhai Free Trade ZoneZhuhai Free Trade Zone was founded in 1996 with the State Council's approval, occupying 3 km2.
A Zhuhai FTZ Administrative Committee was set up in June 1997. By the end of 2006, there had been over 200 companies registered in the Free Trade Zone, including more than 150 foreign-funded enterprises, the total investment amount was one billion US dollars. Industries encouraged in the zone includes Electronics Assembly & Manufacturing, Telecommunications Equipment, Building/Construction Materials, Instruments & Industrial Equipment Production, Medical Equipment and Supplies, Raw Material Processing and Development, Shipping/Warehousing/Logistics, Heavy Industry. Harbour industrial zone Wanshan ocean development testing zone Hengqin economic development zone Global printer consumables manufacturing centreZhuhai manufactured and supplied 70% of the world's ribbons, 60% of the world's aftermarket inkjet cartridges and 20% of the world's third-party laser toner cartridges, their combined sales were worth more than 1.3 billion US dollars or 10% of all the sales in the world. Zhuhai owns a comprehensive supply chain and any of the raw mat
Guangdong
Guangdong is a province in South China, on the South China Sea coast. Guangdong surpassed Henan and Shandong to become the most populous province in China in January 2005, registering 79.1 million permanent residents and 31 million migrants who lived in the province for at least six months of the year. This makes it the most populous first-level administrative subdivision of any country outside of South Asia, as its population is surpassed only by those of the Pakistani province of Punjab and the Indian states of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh; the provincial capital Guangzhou and economic hub Shenzhen are among the most populous and important cities in China. The population increase since the census has been modest, the province registering 108,500,000 people in 2015. Most of the historical Guangdong Province is administered by the People's Republic of China. However, the archipelagos of Pratas in the South China Sea are controlled by the Republic of China, were part of Guangdong Province before the Chinese Civil War.
Since 1989, Guangdong has topped the total GDP rankings among all provincial-level divisions, with Jiangsu and Shandong second and third in rank. According to state statistics, Guangdong's GDP in 2017 reached 1.42 trillion US dollars, making its economy the same size as Mexico. The province contributes 12% of the PRC's national economic output, is home to the production facilities and offices of a wide-ranging set of Chinese and foreign corporations. Guangdong hosts the largest import and export fair in China, the Canton Fair, hosted in the provincial capital of Guangzhou. "Guǎng" means "wide" or "vast", has been associated with the region since the creation of Guang Prefecture in AD 226. The name "Guang" came from Guangxin, an outpost established in Han dynasty near modern Wuzhou, whose name is a reference to an order by Emperor Wu of Han to "widely bestow favors and sow trust". Together and Guangxi are called Loeng gwong During the Song dynasty, the Two Guangs were formally separated as Guǎngnán Dōnglù and Guǎngnán Xīlù, which became abbreviated as Guǎngdōng Lù and Guǎngxī Lù. "Canton", though etymologically derived from Cantão, refers only to the provincial capital instead of the whole province, as documented by authoritative English dictionaries.
The local people of the city of Guangzhou and their language are called Cantonese in English. Because of the prestige of Canton and its accent, Cantonese sensu lato can be used for the phylogenetically related residents and Chinese dialects outside the provincial capital; the Neolithic era began in the Pearl River Delta 7,000 years before present, with the early period from around 7000 to 5000 BP, the late period from about 5000 to 3500 BP. In coastal Guangdong, the Neolithic was introduced from the middle Yangtze River area. In inland Guangdong, the neolithic appeared in Guangdong 4,600 years before present; the Neolithic in northern inland Guangdong is represented by the Shixia culture, which occurred from 4600–4200 BP. Inhabited by a mixture of tribal groups known to the Chinese as the Baiyue, the region first became part of China during the Qin dynasty. Under the Qin Dynasty, Chinese administration began and along with it reliable historical records in the region. After establishing the first unified Chinese empire, the Qin expanded southwards and set up Nanhai Commandery at Panyu, near what is now part of Guangzhou.
The region was a independent kingdom as Nanyue between the fall of Qin and the reign of Emperor Wu of Han. The Han dynasty administered Guangdong and northern Vietnam as Jiaozhi Province, southernmost Jiaozhi Province was used as a gateway for traders from the west—as far away as the Roman Empire. Under the Wu Kingdom of the Three Kingdoms period, Guangdong was made its own province, the Guang Province, in 226 CE; as time passed, the demographics of what is now Guangdong shifted to Chinese dominance as the populations intermingled due to commerce along the great canals, abruptly shifted through massive migration from the north during periods of political turmoil and nomadic incursions from the fall of the Han dynasty onwards. For example, internal strife in northern China following the rebellion of An Lushan resulted in a 75% increase in the population of Guangzhou prefecture between the 740s–750s and 800s–810s; as more migrants arrived, the local population was assimilated to Han Chinese culture or displaced.
Together with Guangxi, Guangdong was made part of Lingnan Circuit, or Mountain-South Circuit, in 627 during the Tang dynasty. The Guangdong part of Lingnan Circuit was renamed Guangnan East Circuit guǎng nán dōng lù in 971 during the Song dynasty. "Guangnan East" is the source of the name "Guangdong". As Mongols from the north engaged in their conquest of China in the 13th century, the Southern Song court fled southwards from its capital in Hangzhou; the defeat of the Southern Song court by Mongol naval forces in The Battle of Yamen 1279 in Guangdong marked the end of the Southern Song dynasty. During the Mongol Yuan dynas
Futian Port
Futian Port is an immigration port of entry on the border between mainland China and Hong Kong, located in the Futian District of Shenzhen in mainland China. It houses the Futian Port Control Point, it is in the same building as Futian Checkpoint Station on Shenzhen Metro and acts as the Hong Kong counterpart to the Lok Ma Chau Spur Line Control Point. It is connected with Hong Kong's Lok Ma Chau Spur Line Control Point and MTR's Lok Ma Chau Station in Lok Ma Chau, Hong Kong through a pedestrian footbridge, it has been in operation since 15 August 2007 and is the second border crossing along the border with a railway connection, after Luohu Port/Lo Wu Control Point. The Shenzhen subway at Futian Port is connected to the East Railway Station in Lok Ma Chau, Hong Kong by Futian-Lok Ma Chau Pedestrian Bridge; this is a double-deck bridge with a cable-stayed on the top, novel and unique worldwide. Its length is 211 metres, the depth of the deeper side is 87 metres, the width is 16.5 metres. The upper and the lower layers are both unidirectional, to ensure that passengers do not meet those crossing in the opposite direction.
There is an immigration control point at both sides of the bridge. There are separate passages for the blind on the bridge. On the east of the bridge is the united checking building and on its west is the united checking building of Lok Ma Chau, Hong Kong; because of the subway and the united checking building, the subway and the ground transportation together carrying the passengers entering and exiting, it will become a three-dimensional transportation thoroughfare between underground and ground. Squares and roads will be built around the stations and united checking building, according to regional planning. Once completed, the daily passenger capacity will be 190,000. Passengers from Hong Kong and Macau will spend only 15 seconds entering. Futian Checkpoint Station Lok Ma Chau Station
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