The Ig Nobel Prize is a satiric prize awarded annually since 1991 to celebrate ten unusual or trivial achievements in scientific research, its stated aim being to "honor achievements that first make people laugh, make them think." The name of the award is a pun on the Nobel Prize, which it parodies, the word ignoble. Organized by the scientific humor magazine Annals of Improbable Research, the Ig Nobel Prizes are presented by Nobel laureates in a ceremony at the Sanders Theater, Harvard University, are followed by the winners’ public lectures at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; the Ig Nobels were created in 1991 by Marc Abrahams, editor and co-founder of the Annals of Improbable Research, editor-in-chief of the Journal of Irreproducible Results and master of ceremonies at all subsequent awards ceremonies. Awards were presented at that time for discoveries "that cannot, or should not, be reproduced". Ten prizes are awarded each year in many categories, including the Nobel Prize categories of physics, physiology/medicine and peace, but other categories such as public health, engineering and interdisciplinary research.
The Ig Nobel Prizes recognize genuine achievements, with the exception of three prizes awarded in the first year to fictitious scientists Josiah S. Carberry, Paul DeFanti, Thomas Kyle; the awards are sometimes criticism via satire, as in the two awards given for homeopathy research, prizes in "science education" to the Kansas State Department of Education and Colorado State Board of Education for their stance regarding the teaching of evolution, the prize awarded to Social Text after the Sokal affair. Most however, they draw attention to scientific articles that have some humorous or unexpected aspect. Examples range from the discovery that the presence of humans tends to sexually arouse ostriches, to the statement that black holes fulfill all the technical requirements for being the location of Hell, to research on the "five-second rule", a tongue-in-cheek belief that food dropped on the floor will not become contaminated if it is picked up within five seconds. Sir Andre Geim, awarded an Ig Nobel Prize in 2000 for levitating a frog by magnetism, was awarded a Nobel Prize in physics in 2010 for his work with the electromagnetic properties of graphene.
He is the only individual, as of 2020, to have received both an Ig Nobel. The prizes are presented by Nobel laureates at a ceremony in a lecture hall at MIT, but now in the Sanders Theater at Harvard University; the event contains a number of running jokes, including Miss Sweetie Poo, a little girl who cries out, "Please stop: I'm bored", in a high-pitched voice if speakers go on too long. The awards ceremony is traditionally closed with the words: "If you didn't win a prize—and if you did—better luck next year!" The ceremony is co-sponsored by the Harvard Computer Society, the Harvard–Radcliffe Science Fiction Association and the Harvard–Radcliffe Society of Physics Students. Throwing paper planes onto the stage is a long-standing tradition. For many years Professor Roy J. Glauber swept the stage clean of the airplanes as the official "Keeper of the Broom." Glauber could not attend the 2005 awards because he was traveling to Stockholm to claim a genuine Nobel Prize in Physics. The "Parade of Ignitaries" into the hall includes supporting groups.
At the 1997 ceremonies, a team of "cryogenic sex researchers" distributed a pamphlet titled "Safe Sex at Four Kelvin." Delegates from the Museum of Bad Art are on hand to display some pieces from their collection. The ceremony is recorded and broadcast on National Public Radio in the US and is shown live over the Internet; the recording is broadcast every year, on the Friday after U. S. Thanksgiving, on the public radio program Science Friday. In recognition of this, the audience chants the name of Ira Flatow. Two books have been published with write-ups on some winners: The Ig Nobel Prize, The Ig Nobel Prize 2, retitled The Man Who Tried to Clone Himself. An Ig Nobel Tour has been an annual part of National Science week in the United Kingdom since 2003; the tour has traveled to Australia several times, Aarhus University in Denmark in April 2009, Italy and The Netherlands. A September 2009 article in The National titled "A noble side to Ig Nobels" says that, although the Ig Nobel Awards are veiled criticism of trivial research, history shows that trivial research sometimes leads to important breakthroughs.
For instance, in 2006, a study showing that one of the malaria mosquitoes is attracted to the smell of Limburger cheese and the smell of human feet earned the Ig Nobel Prize in the area of biology. As a direct result of these findings, traps baited with this cheese have been placed in strategic locations in some parts of Africa to combat the epidemic of malaria. List of Ig Nobel Prize winners Darwin Awards – an award for enriching the human gene pool by idiotic self-destruction Golden Raspberry Awards – awards for bad movies Bookseller/Diagram Prize for Oddest Title of the Year – a book prize Pigasus Award – exposing parapsychological, paranormal, or psychic frauds Golden Fleece Award – award for waste of government funds.
Conference Indiana is an athletic conference within the Indiana High School Athletic Association. Conference Indiana was formed from the union of surviving members of the Central Suburban Athletic Conference and the South Central Conference after the departure of members to the Metropolitan Interscholastic Conference. Original membership included all six non-MIC township schools in Indianapolis. Included were the four largest non-MIC high schools in south central Indiana at the time of conference formation: Columbus North, Bloomington South, Bloomington North, Martinsville high schools. Decatur Central and Martinsville left the conference after the 2005-2006 school year to join the Mid-State Conference, citing travel issues. After Lawrence Central and Pike joined the MIC in 2013, MIC castaways Terre Haute North and South joined as trial football-only members, gaining full membership in 2014; the conference has produced a number of NBA players all drafted in the 1st round including Jared Jeffries in 2002, Sean May in 2006, Courtney Lee in 2008, Jeff Teague in 2009 and Marquis Teague in 2012.
Robert Vaden was taken in the 2nd round of the 2009 draft. Football only members in 2013, all other sports joined in 2014. 1977 Wrestling 1980 Boys Cross Country 1997 Boys Basketball Titles won before 1972 were won as Bloomington High School 1904 Boys Track & Field 1919 Boys Basketball 1933 Wrestling 1934 Wrestling 1939 Wrestling 1939 Boys Golf 1941 Wrestling 1942 Wrestling 1943 Wrestling 1950 Wrestling 1953 Wrestling 1957 Wrestling 1969 Wrestling 1970 Wrestling 1970 Boys Swimming & Diving 1971 Boys Swimming & Diving 1971 Wrestling 1972 Boys Swimming & Diving 1972 Wrestling 1972 Boys Baseball 1973 Wrestling 1978 Wrestling 1993 Football 1998 Football 2009 Boys Basketball 2011 Boys Basketball 1990 Girls Golf 1974 Girls Tennis 2014 Girls Softball 2017 Girls Soccer Titles won before 1973 credited as Columbus High School 1934 Boys Golf 1959 Boys Swimming & Diving 1960 Boys Swimming & Diving 1961 Boys Swimming & Diving 1963 Boys Swimming & Diving 1964 Boys Swimming & Diving 1965 Boys Swimming & Diving 1985 Boys Swimming & Diving 1998 Boys Swimming & Diving 1999 Boys Swimming & Diving 2000 Boys Swimming & Diving 2002 Boys Cross-Country 2003 Boys Cross-Country 2009 Boys Cross-Country 2009 Girls Cross-Country 2010 Boys Cross-Country 2011 Boys Cross-Country 2012 Boys Soccer 1967 Boys Gymnastics 1968 Boys Gymnastics 1969 Boys Gymnastics 1970 Boys Gymnastics 1972 Boys Gymnastics 1973 Boys Gymnastics 1975 Boys Gymnastics 1976 Boys Gymnastics 1977 Boys Gymnastics 1978 Boys Gymnastics 1979 Boys Gymnastics 1981 Boys Gymnastics 1982 Boys Gymnastics 1973 Girls Gymnastics 1974 Girls Gymnastics 1986 Girls Swimming & Diving 2014 Boys Golf 2015 Girls Basketball 2016 Girls Gymnastics 1940 Wrestling 1951 Wrestling 1954 Wrestling 1955 Wrestling 1964 Wrestling 1970 Boys Cross Country 1971 Boys Cross Country 1975 Boys Cross Country 1980 Girls Basketball 1981 Girls Cross Country 1972 Boys Cross Country 1974 Baseball 2001 Girls Tennis 2002 Girls Basketball 1 Won while Conference Indiana Member
William O'Connell Bradley was a politician from the US state of Kentucky. He served as the 32nd Governor of Kentucky and was elected by the state legislature as a U. S. senator from that state. The first Republican to serve as governor of Kentucky, Bradley became known as the father of the Republican Party in Kentucky; as a Republican in a Democratic state, Bradley found little success early in his political career. He was defeated for a seat in the United States House of Representatives and in the United States Senate twice each. After rising to national prominence with his speech seconding the presidential nomination of Ulysses S. Grant at the 1880 Republican National Convention, he was nominated for governor in 1887. Although he lost the contest to Simon Bolivar Buckner, he reduced the usual Democratic majority substantially, he was again nominated for governor in 1895. Capitalizing on divisions in the Democratic Party over the issue of free silver, he defeated Parker Watkins Hardin in the general election.
His term was marked by political violence. He was an advocate for blacks and did much to advance their status in the state, but was unable to enact much of his reform agenda because of a hostile Democratic majority in the state legislature. Republican William S. Taylor was elected to succeed Bradley in the contentious 1899 gubernatorial election; when Democratic nominee William Goebel and his running mate J. C. W. Beckham challenged the election results, Bradley formed part of the legal team for the Republicans; the case was appealed to the Supreme Court. Despite being a member of the state's minority party, Bradley was elected to the U. S. Senate in 1907. Again, divisions within the Democratic Party played a role in his election. Bradley's opposition to Prohibition made him more palatable to some Democrats than their own candidate, outgoing Governor Beckham. Beckham refused to withdraw in favor of a compromise candidate, after two months of balloting, four Democratic legislators crossed party lines and elected Bradley.
Bradley had a undistinguished career in the Senate. On the day he announced he would not seek re-election to his Senate seat, he was involved in a streetcar accident, he died from his injuries on May 23, 1914. William O'Connell Bradley was born near Lancaster in Garrard County, Kentucky, on March 18, 1847, he was the youngest child of Nancy Ellen Bradley. The couple had six daughters, five of whom survived infancy, one other son, who died as an infant. Bradley's sister, Catherine Virginia Morrow, married Judge Thomas Z. Morrow, who made an unsuccessful run for the governorship of Kentucky in 1883. While Bradley was still a child, the family moved to Somerset, where Bradley was educated by private tutors and at a private school. After the outbreak of the Civil War, he twice dropped out of school and ran away to join the Union Army, first serving as a recruiting officer in Somerset enlisting as a private soldier in Louisville. Both times, his father removed him from the service because of his young age.
Despite having only this few months of service to his credit, he was referred to as "Colonel Bradley" by many for the rest of his life. In 1861, Bradley became a page in the Kentucky House of Representatives, he studied law under one of Kentucky's leading criminal defense lawyers. Although Kentucky law required that anyone taking the bar examination be at least twenty-one years old, Bradley was allowed by a special provision of the state legislature to take it at age eighteen; this arrangement was contingent on Bradley's being judged competent by two circuit judges. Despite having no college education, Bradley passed the exam and was licensed in 1865, joining his father's firm in Lancaster, he received an honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Kentucky University. On July 13, 1867, Bradley married Margaret Robertson Duncan, subsequently converted from Baptism to Presbyterianism, his wife's faith; the couple had George Robertson Bradley and Christine South. Bradley's political career began in 1870, when he was elected prosecuting attorney of Garrard County.
A Republican in the Democratic Eighth District, Bradley was defeated by Milton J. Durham for a seat in the U. S. House of Representatives in 1872. In 1875, his party honored him with a nomination to serve in the U. S. Senate though he was too young to qualify for the office, he received the vote of every Republican in the state legislature. The following year, he again lost to Durham for a seat in the House of Representatives, but received 3,000 more votes than any Republican candidate had received in that district, he refused his party's nomination for the Senate in 1878 and 1882, declined a nomination for state attorney general in 1879 because of ill health. Bradley was unanimously chosen as a delegate-at-large to six consecutive Republican National Conventions. At the 1880 Republican National Convention in Chicago, he was unanimously chosen to second Roscoe Conkling's nomination of Ulysses S. Grant for a third term as president, his rousing oratory gained him the attention of prominent leaders of his party.
At the 1884 convention, he was instrumental in defeating a motion to curtail Southern states' representation. President Chester A. Arthur chose Bradley to help recover financial damages from postal officials involved in the Star Route Frauds in 1885, but Bradley resigned this responsibility over differences with U. S. Attorney General Benjamin H. Brewster regarding the prosecution of these cases. At their nominating convention in Louisville on May 11, 1887
Europa Plus was a pro-European centre-left coalition of parties in Poland, formed to contest the 2014 European Parliament election. The alliance described itself as a "modern centre-left formation"; the coalition was founded on 3 February 2013 by the Palikot's Movement, Social Democracy of Poland, Labour United, the Union of the Left and the Reason Party. The project was led by Aleksander Kwasniewski and Janusz Palikot. However, on 15 June 2013, Labour United congress instead stated it would continue its previous coalition with the Democratic Left Alliance; the Democratic Party – demokraci.pl joined the alliance on 24 June 2013. Other parties listed in the alliance's website are the Polish Labour Party; the alliance's programme supported the introduction of the Euro to Poland by January 2019, a new system of health care in Poland and free Internet access for Polish citizens. On 6 October 2013, Palikot's Movement was reorganised into Your Movement. On 7 February 2014, the Union of the Social Democracy of Poland exited the alliance.
In the 2014 European election, Europa Plus received 3.58% of the vote, below the 5% threshold to elect any MEPs. On 29 May 2014, it was announced. Official website Official website
Dark Wizard, known in Japan as Dark Wizard: Yomigaerishi Yami no Madoushi, is a role-playing video game developed and published by Sega for the Sega CD. The gameplay takes place on a hex-map, features turn-based tactical battle scenes; the player controls one of four playable characters, each with their own attributes and available units. 300 years before the opening of the game, the high priest of the Kingdom of Cheshire tried to disturb the balance of good and evil by summoning the dark god Arliman. Sabrina, Goddess of Light, saved the Kingdom by giving great powers to two of Cheshire's leaders who defeated the high priest and helped the King's high wizard, Gilliam, to entrap Arliman in a magical jewel. One of these two leaders, became ruler of Cheshire, succeeding the previous king, establishing a bloodline as that which would carry through to King Armer VIII at the game's beginning. Following the events of Arliman's capture, the high wizard's top apprentice, was discovered to have been practicing forbidden spells.
As punishment, the spell of immortality was cast upon Velonese, he was given the task of guarding the imprisoned Arliman for eternity on the Island of Raven. Over the years, the essence of Arliman emanated from the jewel, corrupting Velonese and transforming him into the Dark Wizard, his anger towards Gilliam and the kingdom of Cheshire grew, he used his knowledge of forbidden spells to summon four demon generals to conquer Cheshire while he attempted to free Arliman. The player takes on the role of one of four playable main characters, prince Armer IX, cavalry leader Robin, sorceress Krystal, or vampire Amon, must re-conquer the land that has fallen into Velonese's hands and find a way to defeat him and prevent Arliman's resurrection; the four main characters feature different stories. There is no canonical link between the four characters and their stories, Armer IX, while the rightful heir, has only a cameo in the other scenarios. On release, Famicom Tsūshin scored the game a 23 out of 40.
GamePro applauded the game for avoiding the usual Sega CD downfall of heavy cinematics and limited gameplay, calling it "an essential CD game of substance and depth and nuance, beauty and beasts that looks and plays great." They praised the amount of side content accessible by sending characters into towns and village. Electronic Gaming Monthly gave it a 7 out of 10, commenting that "excellent cinemas and battle sequences will please Sega CD fans wanting more of this type of game for the system." A review by Sega Visions described it as "one of the most massive, all-encompassing role-playing experiences a gamer can get" with "some of the best-executed and animated intros seen." Commenting on the game's possible over 300 hours of play, the magazine declared: "In the enchanted and enthralling universe of role-playing games, Sega's Dark Wizard is an entire galaxy unto itself."Derek Pearcy reviewed Dark Wizard in Pyramid #8, stated that "As far as we're concerned, the best thing we've seen so far for the serious campaign-head is a prerelease version of Dark Wizard, a CD-ROM game that Sega was kind enough to supply us with."
Wharton Reef Light is an inactive lighthouse which used to be located on Wharton Reef in Princess Charlotte Bay off the Cape York Peninsula, Australia. When it was deactivated in 1990 it was donated to the Townsville Maritime Museum and it is now on display near the museum, it is the only survivor of a series of twenty automatic lighthouses installed in Queensland during the "Golden Age of Australian Lighthouses" from 1913 to the early 1920s. With the Federation of Australia in 1901, responsibility over coastal lighthouses was to be transferred to the commonwealth. In 1911, the Lighthouses Act was passed, giving the Commonwealth the power to take responsibility over navigational aids as required; the actual transfer of responsibility took place with the formation of the Commonwealth Lighthouse Service on 1 July 1915, during a period, termed "the Golden Age of Australian lighthouses", from 1913 to the early 1920s. The CLS took over a group of 18 unmanned lighthouses. Lighting the northern Inside Passage, the shipping route inside the Great Barrier Reef, was one of the urgent tasks taken by the CLS.
At the time, only four lights were present between the Torres Strait and Cooktown, namely Grassy Hill Light, Pipon Island Light, Goods Island Light and Booby Island Light. The CLS tackled this task with the installation of twenty new automatic unattended lights, a decision motivated by the shortage of manpower and funding caused by World War I; the structures were identical, differing in height. The structures were installed on coral reefs or sandbars, with little natural support; the foundation was a flat concrete base with concrete piers supporting the structure. The structure was a simple four-legged steel frame, manufactured in Brisbane, topped with simple lantern with a small balcony; the apparatus was a automatic Dalén light consisting of a carbide lamp feeding on compressed acetylene gas, controlled by a sun valve. Wharton Reef Light, established 1915, was one of the first such lights to be constructed; the lighthouse was located on Wharton Reef in Princess Charlotte Bay, west of Pipon Island, about 350 kilometres north of Cairns, replacing an earlier beacon on the reef.
It was about 50 feet high. The construction of Wharton Reef Light was difficult due to bad weather. Instability of the surface required deep excavation of the foundations. Wharton Reef Light was described in 1959 as showing a white flash every three seconds; the light was visible for 13 nautical miles. The light was displayed at an elevation of 56 feet; the lighthouse operated until 1990, when the structure was replaced by a fibreglass hut and the light was replaced by an automatic ML-300 beacon. By it was the last of its kind to remain operative; the tower was donated by the federal Department of Transport to the Townsville Maritime Museum. It was shipped to Townsville. In 1996 it was erected in the middle of a traffic turnabout near the museum, where it stands on display as of 2011; the Fresnel lens from the light is on display inside the museum, along with other lenses used in the area. It is now the only survivor of the series of twenty lighthouses; the current structure, installed on 26 March 1990, is a white fibre glass hut, mounted on a small stainless steel structure, on concrete piles.
It is 6 metres tall, from seabed to the deck, the light is displayed at 14 metres, with a daymark at 12 metres. The current light characteristic is a flash every five seconds, red or green, depending on direction. Green is displayed at 84°-97°, visible for 7 nautical miles, white is displayed at 97°-126° and 229°-84°, visible for 10 nautical miles, red is displayed at 126°-229°, visible for 7 nautical miles; the light source is a solar powered ML-300 beacon with a 12 Volt 35 Watt Halogen lamp, showing an intensity of 2,100 cd for the white light and 420 cd for the red and green ones. It is operated by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority; the original tower is owned by the Townsville Maritime Museum. Both the site and lighthouse are managed by the Townsville City Council. Although the site is accessible, the tower itself is closed to the public. List of lighthouses in Australia