In the United States from the late 18th and 19th centuries, the Industrial Revolution affected the U.S. economy, progressing it from manual labor, farm labor and handicraft work to a greater degree of
An 1866 engraving of the Gorham Manufacturing Company in Providence, Rhode Island
Industrialist Samuel Slater, who Andrew Jackson called "the father of the American Industrial Revolution"
Bethlehem Steel in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania was one of the world's leading steel manufacturers for most of the 20th century until 1982 when it discontinued most of its operations. It subsequently declared bankruptcy in 2001 and was dissolved in 2003.
A textile mill in Winooski, Vermont
The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as the Technological Revolution, was a phase of rapid scientific discovery, standardization, mass production and industrialization from the late 19th centu
Industrial Revolution in the United States
…distinct phases: the First Industrial Revolution occurred during the later part of the 18th century through the first half of the 19th century and the Second Industrial Revolution advanced following the American Civil War. Among the main contributors to the First Industrial Revolution were Samuel Slater's introduction of British…
An Austrian railway in 1895
A telegraph key used to transmit text messages in Morse code
The ocean liner SS Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse, a steamboat. As the main means of trans-oceanic travel for more than a century, ocean liners were essential to the transport needs of national governments, commercial enterprises and the general public.
A diagram of the Bessemer converter. Air blown through holes in the converter bottom creates a violent reaction in the molten pig iron that oxidizes the excess carbon, converting the pig iron to pure iron or steel, depending on the residual carbon.