1.
Film poster
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A film poster is a poster used to promote and advertise a film. Studios often print several posters that vary in size and content for various domestic and they normally contain an image with text. Todays posters often feature photographs of the main actors, prior to the 1990s, illustrations instead of photos were far more common. The text on film posters usually contains the title in large lettering. It may also include a tagline, the name of the director, names of characters, film posters are displayed inside and on the outside of movie theaters, and elsewhere on the street or in shops. The same images appear in the film exhibitors pressbook and may also be used on websites, DVD packaging, flyers, advertisements in newspapers and magazines, film posters have been used since the earliest public exhibitions of film. They began as outside placards listing the programme of films to be shown inside the hall or movie theater, by the early 1900s, they began to feature illustrations of a film scene or an array of overlaid images from several scenes. Other posters have used artistic interpretations of a scene or even the theme of the film, as an economy measure, the NSS regularly recycled posters that were returned, sending them back out to be used again at another theater. During this time, a film could stay in circulation for several years and those posters which were not returned were often thrown away by the theater owner, but some found their way into the hands of collectors. Today there is a thriving market in film posters, some have become very valuable. The record price for a poster was set on November 15,2005 when $690,000 was paid for a poster of Fritz Langs 1927 film Metropolis from the Reel Poster Gallery in London. The 1931 Frankenstein six-sheet poster, of only one copy is known to exist, is considered to be the most valuable film poster in the world. Over the years, old Bollywood posters, especially with hand-painted art, have become collectors items, occasionally, rare film posters have been found being used as insulation in attics and walls. In 2011,33 film posters, including a Dracula Style F one-sheet, from 1930-1931 were discovered in an attic in Berwick, Pennsylvania, as a result of market demand, some of the more popular older film posters have been reproduced either under license or illegally. Although the artwork on reproductions is the same as originals, reproductions can often be distinguished by size, printing quality, several websites on the Internet offer authentication tests to distinguish originals from reproductions. Original film posters distributed to theaters and other venues by the movie studios are never sold directly to the public. However, most modern posters are produced in quantities and often become available for purchase by collectors indirectly through various secondary markets such as eBay. Accordingly, most modern posters are not as valuable, however some recent posters, such as the recalled Pulp Fiction Lucky Strike U. S. one sheet poster, are quite rare
2.
Yul Brynner
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Yul Brynner was a Russian-born Swiss film and stage actor. Brynner was best known for his portrayal of King Mongkut of Siam in the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical The King and I and he played the role 4,625 times on stage. He also starred as Ramesses II in the 1956 Cecil B, deMille blockbuster The Ten Commandments, and played General Bounine in the 1956 film Anastasia, and the gunman Chris Adams in The Magnificent Seven. Brynner was noted for his voice and for his shaved head. Earlier, he was a model and television director, and later a photographer, Yul Brynner was born Yuliy Borisovich Briner July 11,1920 in Vladivostok, Far Eastern Republic. He enjoyed telling tall tales and exaggerating his background and early life for the press, claiming that he was born Taidje Khan of part-Mongol parentage, in reality of Swiss-German and Russian ancestry, he was born at home in a four-story residence at 15 Aleutskaya Street, Vladivostok. He had a sister, Vera. He occasionally referred to himself as Julius Briner, Jules Bryner or Youl Bryner, the 1989 biography by his son, Rock Brynner, clarified some of these issues. Brynners paternal grandmother, Natalya Yosifovna Kurkutova, was a native of Irkutsk, Brynners mother, Marousia Dimitrievna, came from the Russian intelligentsia and studied to be an actress and singer. Brynner felt a personal connection to the Romani people, in 1977, Brynner was named honorary president of the International Romani Union. Boris Briners work required extensive travel, and in 1923, he fell in love with an actress, Katya Kornukova, at the Moscow Art Theatre, and soon after abandoned his family. Yuls mother took his sister, Vera, and him to Harbin, China. In 1932, fearing a war between China and Japan, she took them to Paris, Brynner played his guitar in Russian nightclubs in Paris, sometimes accompanying his sister, playing Russian and Roma songs. He trained as an acrobat and worked in a French circus troupe for five years. In 1938, his mother was diagnosed with leukemia, and they moved back to Harbin. In 1940, speaking little English, he and his mother immigrated to the United States aboard the President Cleveland, arriving in New York City on October 25,1940, where his sister already lived. Vera, a singer, starred in The Consul on Broadway in 1950 and appeared at The Metropolitan Opera as Prince Orlofsky in Die Fledermaus and she later taught voice in New York. During World War II, Brynner worked as a French-speaking radio announcer and commentator for the US Office of War Information, at the same time, he studied acting in Connecticut with the Russian teacher Michael Chekhov
3.
Janice Rule
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Mary Janice Rule was an American actress at her most convincing playing embittered, neurotic socialites. Janice Rule was born in Norwood, Ohio, to parents of Irish origin and her father was a dealer in industrial diamonds. She began dancing at the Chez Paree nightclub at fifteen, which paid for ballet lessons, Rule also studied acting at the Chicago Professional School. She was pictured on the cover of Life magazine of January 8,1951, given a contract by Warner Bros. her first credited screen role was as Virginia in Goodbye, My Fancy, which featured Joan Crawford in the lead. The established star belittled the younger woman, making her work on the film difficult, rules Warner contract was allowed to lapse after only two films. Rule was in the original 1953 Broadway cast of William Inges Picnic whose company also included Paul Newman who was making his debut on Broadway and this commitment led her to turn down the role ultimately played by Eva Marie Saint in On the Waterfront. I knew I couldnt shoot in an all day and work on a stage at night. On television she appeared in the Checkmate episode The Mask of Vengeance, where she played Elena Nardos and she was also in The Twilight Zone episode Nightmare as a Child. She appeared as different characters in three episodes of Route 66 and she acted as both Barbara Webb and Barbara Wells opposite David Janssen in two episodes of The Fugitive entitled Wife Killer and The Walls of Night. She also had a role as Nancy Reade in Three Bells to Perdido. Rule also starred, second billing only to Yul Brynner, in the 1964 film western tale Invitation to a Gunfighter, Rule had a brief engagement to Farley Granger in 1956. They had appeared in the Broadway play The Carefree Tree in 1955, next followed a relationship with Ralph Meeker, Meeker had played Hal in Picnic. Rule married and divorced on three occasions, her husbands being N. Richard Nash, Robert Thom, and Ben Gazzara. During the 1960s she became interested in psychoanalysis and she began her formal studies in 1973, specializing in treating her fellow actors, and received her Ph. D ten years later from the Southern California Psychoanalytic Institute in Los Angeles. She practiced in New York and Los Angeles and continued to act occasionally until her death from a hemorrhage in 2003. Janice Rule at the Internet Movie Database Janice Rule at the Internet Broadway Database Janice Rule at the Internet Off-Broadway Database Janice Rule at Find a Grave
4.
George Segal
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George Segal, Jr. is an American actor and musician. Segal became popular in the 1960s and 1970s for playing both dramatic and comedic roles, some of his most acclaimed roles are in films such as Ship of Fools, King Rat, Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf. The Hot Rock, Blume in Love, A Touch of Class, California Split, For the Boys, on television, he is best known for his roles as Jack Gallo on Just Shoot Me. and as Albert Pops Solomon on The Goldbergs. Segal is also a banjo player. He has released three albums and has performed the instrument in several of his acting roles and on late night television. Segal was born in Great Neck, New York, the son of Fannie Blanche Segal and George Segal, Sr. a malt, Segals family was Jewish, but he was raised in a secular household. A paternal great-grandfather ran for governor of Massachusetts as a socialist, when asked if he had a bar mitzvah, Segal stated, Im afraid not. I went to a Passover Seder at Groucho Marxs once and he kept saying, I went to a friends bar mitzvah, and that was the only time I was in Temple Beth Shalom. Jewish life wasnt happening that much at the time, peoples car tires were slashed in front of the temple. I was once kicked down a flight of stairs by some kids from the parochial school. All of Segals grandparents were immigrants from Russia and his maternal grandparents changed their surname from Slobodkin to Bodkin. He first became interested in acting at the age of nine and he states, I started off with the ukulele when I was a kid in Great Neck. A friend had a red Harold Teen model, it won my heart, when I got to high school, I realized you couldnt play in a band with a ukulele, so I moved on to the four-string banjo. When his father died in 1947, Segal moved to New York City with his mother and he graduated from George School in 1951, and attended Haverford College. He graduated from Columbia College of Columbia University in 1955 with a Bachelor of Arts in performing arts and he was drafted into the United States Army in 1956. He studied at the Actors Studio with Lee Strasberg and Uta Hagen, originally a stage actor and musician, Segal appeared in several minor films in the early 1960s in addition to the well-known World War II film The Longest Day. He was signed to a Columbia Pictures contract in 1961, making his debut in The Young Doctors. In 1965, he was a co-recipient of the Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year for his role in The New Interns
5.
United Artists
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United Artists is an American film and television entertainment studio. The studio was bought, sold and restructured over the ensuing century. On December 14 of the year, however, MGM acquired the 48% stake of UAMG it did not own. UA was incorporated as a joint venture on February 5,1919, by Pickford, Chaplin, Fairbanks, each held a 20% stake, with the remaining 20% held by lawyer William Gibbs McAdoo. The idea for the venture originated with Fairbanks, Chaplin, Pickford, already Hollywood veterans, the four stars talked of forming their own company to better control their own work. They were spurred on by established Hollywood producers and distributors who were tightening their control over salaries and creative decisions. With the addition of Griffith, planning began, but Hart bowed out before anything was formalized, when he heard about their scheme, Richard A. Rowland, head of Metro Pictures, is said to have observed, The inmates are taking over the asylum. The four partners, with advice from McAdoo, formed their distribution company and its headquarters was established at 729 Seventh Avenue in New York City. The original terms called for each of the stars to produce five pictures each year, UAs first film was a success. Without selling stock to the public, following the other studios, as a result, production was slow and the company distributed an annual average of five films during its first five years. By 1924 Griffith had dropped out and the company was facing a crisis, veteran producer Joseph Schenck was hired as president. He had been producing pictures for a decade, and he brought commitments for films starring his wife, Norma Talmadge, his sister-in-law, Constance Talmadge, contracts were signed with independent producers, most notably Samuel Goldwyn, and Howard Hughes. In 1933, Schenck organized a new company with Darryl F. Zanuck, called Twentieth Century Pictures, Schenck formed a separate partnership with Pickford and Chaplin to buy and build theaters under the United Artists name. They began international operations, first in Canada and then in Mexico, by the end of the 1930s, United Artists was represented in over 40 countries. When he was denied a share in 1935, Schenck resigned. He set up 20th Century Pictures merger with Fox Film Corporation to form 20th Century Fox, al Lichtman succeeded Schenck as company president. Other independent producers distributed through United Artists in the 1930s including, Walt Disney Productions, Alexander Korda, Hal Roach, David O. Selznick, as the years passed, and the dynamics of the business changed, these producing partners drifted away. Samuel Goldwyn Productions and Disney went to RKO, and Wanger to Universal Pictures, in the late 1930s, UA turned a profit
6.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
7.
Deluxe Entertainment Services Group
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Deluxe Entertainment Services Group Inc. often shortened to Deluxe, is an American global provider of digital services and technology solutions for content creation and delivery. Clients include major motion-picture groups, television studios, digital content providers, founded in 1915 by producer William Fox, Deluxe has been owned by MacAndrews & Forbes since 2006. Deluxes headquarters are in Los Angeles and New York, with operations in 25 key media markets worldwide, Deluxe began as a film processing laboratory which was part of a conglomeration owned and operated by producer William Fox in the early 1900s. In 1915, Fox established the De Luxe laboratory as part of the Fox Film Corporation in Fort Lee, in 1916, Fox Film Corporation opened its studio in Hollywood at Sunset and Western. The business manager of the laboratory was Alan E. Freedman who guided the company into the 1960s, during the depression, the Fox Film Corporation encountered financial difficulties. Among the actions taken to maintain liquidity, Fox sold the laboratories to Freedman who renamed the operation Deluxe, under Freedmans leadership, Deluxe added two more plants in Chicago and Toronto. As part of the plan, Freedman sold Deluxe back to Fox. Under Freedmans direction, innovations, including the processing and sound striping of Cinemascope, were developed and implemented, many of those were patented and/or received Academy awards. With the decline of motion picture production on the east coast, the Chicago and Toronto plants followed. In recent years Deluxe expanded to a high capacity manufacturing plant that was one of several film labs worldwide. The Los Angeles plant continued to operate until May,2014 and this segment also distributes motion-picture-related marketing materials and provides digital-distribution and asset-management products and services. Deluxe has been owned by MacAndrews & Forbes since 2006
8.
Western (genre)
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Cowboys and gunslingers typically wear Stetson hats, bandannas, spurs, cowboy boots and buckskins. Other characters include Native Americans, bandits, lawmen, bounty hunters, outlaws, mounted cavalry, settlers, Westerns often stress the harshness of the wilderness and frequently set the action in an arid, desolate landscape of deserts and mountains. Often, the vast landscape plays an important role, presenting a. mythic vision of the plains, specific settings include ranches, small frontier towns, saloons, railways and isolated military forts of the Wild West. Many Westerns use a plot of depicting a crime, then showing the pursuit of the wrongdoer, ending in revenge and retribution. The Western was the most popular Hollywood genre, from the early 20th century to the 1960s, Western films first became well-attended in the 1930s. John Fords landmark Western adventure Stagecoach became one of the biggest hits in 1939, Westerns were very popular throughout the 1950s and 1960s. Many of the most acclaimed Westerns were released during this time – including High Noon, Shane, The Searchers, the Western depicts a society organized around codes of honor and personal, direct or private justice–frontier justice–dispensed by gunfights. These honor codes are played out through depictions of feuds or individuals seeking personal revenge or retribution against someone who has wronged them. The popular perception of the Western is a story that centers on the life of a semi-nomadic wanderer, a showdown or duel at high noon featuring two or more gunfighters is a stereotypical scene in the popular conception of Westerns. In some ways, such protagonists may be considered the descendants of the knight errant which stood at the center of earlier extensive genres such as the Arthurian Romances. And like knights errant, the heroes of Westerns frequently rescue damsels in distress, similarly, the wandering protagonists of Westerns share many characteristics with the ronin in modern Japanese culture. The Western typically takes these elements and uses them to tell simple morality tales, Westerns often stress the harshness and isolation of the wilderness and frequently set the action in an arid, desolate landscape. Apart from the wilderness, it is usually the saloon that emphasizes that this is the Wild West, it is the place to go for music, women, gambling, drinking, brawling and shooting. The American Film Institute defines western films as those set in the American West that embodies the spirit, the struggle, the term Western, used to describe a narrative film genre, appears to have originated with a July 1912 article in Motion Picture World Magazine. Most of the characteristics of Western films were part of 19th century popular Western fiction and were firmly in place before film became an art form. Protagonists ride between dusty towns and cattle ranches on their trusty steeds, Western films were enormously popular in the silent film era. With the advent of sound in 1927-28, the major Hollywood studios rapidly abandoned Westerns, leaving the genre to smaller studios and these smaller organizations churned out countless low-budget features and serials in the 1930s. Released through United Artists, Stagecoach made John Wayne a mainstream star in the wake of a decade of headlining B westerns
9.
Playhouse 90
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Playhouse 90 was an American television anthology drama series that aired on CBS from 1956 to 1960 for a total of 133 episodes. The show was produced at CBS Television City in Los Angeles, the producers of the show were Martin Manulis, John Houseman, Russell Stoneman, Fred Coe, Arthur Penn, and Hubbell Robinson. The leading director was John Frankenheimer, followed by Franklin Schaffner, other directors included Sidney Lumet, George Roy Hill, Delbert Mann, and Robert Mulligan. With Alex Norths opening theme music, the series debuted October 4,1956 with Rod Serlings adaptation of Pat Franks novel Forbidden Area starring Charlton Heston, Serling was given the first Peabody Award for television writing. For many viewers, live television drama had moved to a loftier plateau, Playhouse 90 established a reputation as televisions most distinguished anthology drama series and maintained a high standard for four seasons. From the start, productions were planned to be live and filmed, with a filmed show every fourth Thursday to relieve the pressure of mounting the live telecasts. The first filmed Playhouse 90 was The Country Husband with Barbara Hale, the filmed episodes were produced variously, by Screen Gems and CBS. Playhouse 90 received many Emmy Award nominations, and it later ranked #33 on the TV Guide 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time, in 1997, the acclaimed Requiem for a Heavyweight was ranked #30 on the TV Guide 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time. Early on, in 1956, Playhouse 90 faced some controversy due to scheduling, worried about this issue, CBS suspended its plans for the series in fear that they had violated anti-trust laws. Soon afterward, however, CBS received an opinion from its legal counsel that no laws had been violated. Playwright Tad Mosel, who wrote four teleplays for Playhouse 90, recalled, glamour had come to television because CBS had built this magnificent Television City in Los Angeles. Television had come to deserve buildings for itself and this was a whole new idea, that youd have a building for television. Playhouse 90 was one of the first shows to go into that mammoth building, between 1954 and 1960, John Frankenheimer directed 152 live television dramas, an average of one every two weeks. During the 1950s he was regarded as televisions top talent and much of his significant work was for Playhouse 90. In later interviews, Frankenheimer expressed his admiration for Rooneys acting in this memorable drama, a kinescope of The Comedian survives and remains available for viewing at the Paley Center for Media in New York City and Los Angeles. After The Last Tycoon, adapted from the F. Robert Alan Aurthurs script for A Sound of Different Drummers borrowed so heavily from Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 that Bradbury sued. The Troublemakers was George Bellaks adaptation of his own 1956 play about a newspaper editor killed by other students. Frankenheimer ended the year with The Thundering Wave, starring James, a Town Has Turned to Dust, a Serling drama about a 1870 lynching of an innocent Mexican in a southwestern town, was based on the Emmett Till case
10.
Confederate States of America
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The Confederate States, officially the Confederate States of America, commonly referred to as the Confederacy, was a breakaway country of 11 secessionist slave states existing from 1861 to 1865. It was never recognized as an Independent country, although it achieved belligerent status by Britain. A new Confederate government was established in February 1861 before Lincoln took office in March, after the Civil War began in April, four slave states of the Upper South – Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina – also declared their secession and joined the Confederacy. The government of the United States rejected the claims of secession, the Civil War began with the April 12,1861, Confederate attack upon Fort Sumter, a Union fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina. In spring 1865, after four years of fighting which led to an estimated 620,000 military deaths, all the Confederate forces surrendered. Jefferson Davis later lamented that the Confederacy had disappeared in 1865, Missouri and Kentucky were represented by partisan factions from those states, while the legitimate governments of those two states retained formal adherence to the Union. Also fighting for the Confederacy were two of the Five Civilized Tribes located in Indian Territory and a new, but uncontrolled, Confederate Territory of Arizona. Efforts by certain factions in Maryland to secede were halted by federal imposition of law, while Delaware, though of divided loyalty. A Unionist government in parts of Virginia organized the new state of West Virginia. With the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1,1863, the Union made abolition of slavery a war goal, as Union forces moved southward, large numbers of plantation slaves were freed. Many joined the Union lines, enrolling in service as soldiers, teamsters and laborers, the most notable advance was Shermans March to the Sea in late 1864. Much of the Confederacys infrastructure was destroyed, including telegraphs, railroads, plantations in the path of Shermans forces were severely damaged. Internal movement became increasingly difficult for Southerners, weakening the economy and these losses created an insurmountable disadvantage in men, materiel, and finance. Public support for Confederate President Jefferson Daviss administration eroded over time due to repeated military reverses, economic hardships, after four years of campaigning, Richmond was captured by Union forces in April 1865. Shortly afterward, Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant, President Davis was captured on May 10,1865, and jailed in preparation for a treason trial that was ultimately never held. The U. S. government began a process known as Reconstruction which attempted to resolve the political and constitutional issues of the Civil War. By 1877, the Compromise of 1877 ended Reconstruction in the former Confederate states, Confederate veterans had been temporarily disenfranchised by Reconstruction policy. The prewar South had many areas, the war left the entire region economically devastated by military action, ruined infrastructure
11.
New Mexico
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New Mexico is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States of America. It was admitted to the Union as the 47th state on January 6,1912 and it is usually considered one of the Mountain States. New Mexico is fifth by area, the 36th-most populous, inhabited by Native Americans for thousands of years before European exploration, New Mexico was colonized by the Spanish in 1598 Imperial Spanish viceroyalty of New Spain. Later, it was part of independent Mexico before becoming a U. S. territory and eventually a U. S. state as a result of the Mexican–American War. Among U. S. states, New Mexico has the highest percentage of Hispanics, the major Native American nations in the state are Navajo, Pueblo, and Apache peoples. The demography and culture of the state are shaped by these strong Hispanic and Native American influences and its scarlet and gold colors are taken from the royal standards of Spain, along with the ancient sun symbol of the Zia, a Pueblo-related tribe. New Mexico, or Nuevo México in Spanish, is incorrectly believed to have taken its name from the nation of Mexico. The name simply stuck, even though the area had no connection to Mexico or the Mexica Indian tribes, Mexico, formerly a part of New Spain, adopted its name centuries later in 1821, after winning independence from Spanish rule. New Mexico was a part of the independent Mexican Empire and Federal Republic of Mexico for 27 years,1821 through 1848, New Mexico and Mexico developed as neighboring Spanish-speaking communities under Spanish rule, with relatively independent histories. The states total area is 121,412 square miles, the eastern border of New Mexico lies along 103° W longitude with the state of Oklahoma, and 2.2 miles west of 103° W longitude with Texas. On the southern border, Texas makes up the eastern two-thirds, while the Mexican states of Chihuahua and Sonora make up the western third, the western border with Arizona runs along the 109°03 W longitude. The southwestern corner of the state is known as the Bootheel, the 37° N latitude parallel forms the northern boundary with Colorado. The states New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, and Utah come together at the Four Corners in the corner of New Mexico. New Mexico, although a state, has very little water. Its surface water area is about 250 square miles, the New Mexican landscape ranges from wide, rose-colored deserts to broken mesas to high, snow-capped peaks. Despite New Mexicos arid image, heavily forested mountain wildernesses cover a significant portion of the state, the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, the southernmost part of the Rocky Mountains, run roughly north-south along the east side of the Rio Grande in the rugged, pastoral north. The most important of New Mexicos rivers are the Rio Grande, Pecos, Canadian, San Juan, the Rio Grande is tied for the fourth-longest river in the United States. Tourists visiting these sites bring significant money to the state, other areas of geographical and scenic interest include Kasha-Katuwe Tent Rocks National Monument and the Gila Wilderness in the southwest of the state
12.
American Civil War
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The American Civil War was an internal conflict fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865. The Union faced secessionists in eleven Southern states grouped together as the Confederate States of America, the Union won the war, which remains the bloodiest in U. S. history. Among the 34 U. S. states in February 1861, War broke out in April 1861 when Confederates attacked the U. S. fortress of Fort Sumter. The Confederacy grew to eleven states, it claimed two more states, the Indian Territory, and the southern portions of the western territories of Arizona. The Confederacy was never recognized by the United States government nor by any foreign country. The states that remained loyal, including border states where slavery was legal, were known as the Union or the North, the war ended with the surrender of all the Confederate armies and the dissolution of the Confederate government in the spring of 1865. The war had its origin in the issue of slavery. The Confederacy collapsed and 4 million slaves were freed, but before his inauguration, seven slave states with cotton-based economies formed the Confederacy. The first six to declare secession had the highest proportions of slaves in their populations, the first seven with state legislatures to resolve for secession included split majorities for unionists Douglas and Bell in Georgia with 51% and Louisiana with 55%. Alabama had voted 46% for those unionists, Mississippi with 40%, Florida with 38%, Texas with 25%, of these, only Texas held a referendum on secession. Eight remaining slave states continued to reject calls for secession, outgoing Democratic President James Buchanan and the incoming Republicans rejected secession as illegal. Lincolns March 4,1861 inaugural address declared that his administration would not initiate a civil war, speaking directly to the Southern States, he reaffirmed, I have no purpose, directly or indirectly to interfere with the institution of slavery in the United States where it exists. I believe I have no right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so. After Confederate forces seized numerous federal forts within territory claimed by the Confederacy, efforts at compromise failed, the Confederates assumed that European countries were so dependent on King Cotton that they would intervene, but none did, and none recognized the new Confederate States of America. Hostilities began on April 12,1861, when Confederate forces fired upon Fort Sumter, while in the Western Theater the Union made significant permanent gains, in the Eastern Theater, the battle was inconclusive in 1861–62. The autumn 1862 Confederate campaigns into Maryland and Kentucky failed, dissuading British intervention, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which made ending slavery a war goal. To the west, by summer 1862 the Union destroyed the Confederate river navy, then much of their western armies, the 1863 Union siege of Vicksburg split the Confederacy in two at the Mississippi River. In 1863, Robert E. Lees Confederate incursion north ended at the Battle of Gettysburg, Western successes led to Ulysses S. Grants command of all Union armies in 1864
13.
Pat Hingle
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Martin Patterson Pat Hingle was an American actor who appeared in hundreds of television shows and feature films. His first film was On the Waterfront in 1954 and he often played tough authority figures. Hingle was a friend of Clint Eastwood and appeared in the Eastwood films Hang em High, The Gauntlet. Martin Patterson Hingle was born in Miami, Florida, the son of Marvin Louise, a schoolteacher and musician, and Clarence Martin Hingle, Hingle enlisted in the United States Navy in December 1941, dropping out of the University of Texas. He served on the destroyer USS Marshall during World War II and he returned to the University of Texas after the war and earned a degree in radio broadcasting in 1949. As a Navy Reservist, he was recalled to the service during the Korean War, Hingle began acting in college, and after graduating, he moved to New York and studied at the American Theatre Wing. In 1952, he became a member of the Actors Studio and this led to his first Broadway show, End as a Man. On Broadway, he originated the role of Gooper in the original Broadway production of Tennessee Williams Cat on a Hot Tin Roof and he played the title role in the award winning Broadway play J. B. by Archibald MacLeish. He appeared in the 1963 Actors Studio production of Strange Interlude, directed by Jose Quintero and he earned a Tony Award nomination for his performance in Dark at the Top of the Stairs. In 1997, he played Benjamin Franklin in the Roundabout Theatre revival of the musical 1776, with Brent Spiner, hingles first film role was an uncredited part as bartender Jock in On the Waterfront. Later in his career, he was known for playing judges, police officers and he was a guest star on the early NBC legal drama Justice, based on case histories of the Legal Aid Society of New York, which aired in the 1950s. Another notable role was as the father of Warren Beattys character in Splendor in the Grass, which was directed by Elia Kazan, Hingle was widely known for portraying the father of Sally Fields title character Norma Rae. He also played manager Colonel Tom Parker in John Carpenters TV movie Elvis, Hingle had a long list of television and film credits to his name, going back to 1948. Among them were The Fugitive, Carol for Another Christmas, Nevada Smith, Mission, Impossible, Hang Em High, The Gauntlet, Sudden Impact, Road To Redemption, When You Comin Back, Red Ryder. Brewsters Millions, Stephen Kings Maximum Overdrive, The Grifters, Citizen Cohn, The Land Before Time, Wings, Hingle played Dr. Chapman in seven episodes of the TV series Gunsmoke, and Col. Tucker in the movie Gunsmoke, To the Last Man. In 1963, Hingle guest-starred in an episode of The Twilight Zone called The Incredible World of Horace Ford as the title character and he guest starred in the TV series Matlock and Murder, She Wrote. In 1980, he appeared in the police series Stone with Dennis Weaver. He played Commissioner Gordon in the 1989 film Batman and its three sequels and he is one of only two actors to appear in the four Batman films from 1989 to 1997, the other is Michael Gough
14.
Union (American Civil War)
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The Union was opposed by 11 southern slave states that formed the Confederate States, or the Confederacy. All of the Unions states provided soldiers for the U. S. Army, the Border states played a major role as a supply base for the Union invasion of the Confederacy. The Northeast provided the resources for a mechanized war producing large quantities of munitions and supplies. The Midwest provided soldiers, food, horses, financial support, Army hospitals were set up across the Union. Most states had Republican governors who energetically supported the war effort, the Democratic Party strongly supported the war in 1861 but in 1862 was split between the War Democrats and the anti-war element led by the Copperheads. The Democrats made major gains in 1862 in state elections. They lost ground in 1863, especially in Ohio, in 1864 the Republicans campaigned under the National Union Party banner, which attracted many War Democrats and soldiers and scored a landslide victory for Lincoln and his entire ticket. The war years were quite prosperous except where serious fighting and guerrilla warfare took place along the southern border, prosperity was stimulated by heavy government spending and the creation of an entirely new national banking system. The Union states invested a great deal of money and effort in organizing psychological and social support for soldiers wives, widows, orphans, and for the soldiers themselves. Most soldiers were volunteers, although after 1862 many volunteered to escape the draft, Draft resistance was notable in some larger cities, especially New York City with its massive anti-draft riots of 1863 and in some remote districts such as the coal mining areas of Pennsylvania. In the context of the American Civil War, the Union is sometimes referred to as the North, both then and now, as opposed to the Confederacy, which was the South. The Union never recognized the legitimacy of the Confederacys secession and maintained at all times that it remained entirely a part of the United States of America, in foreign affairs the Union was the only side recognized by all other nations, none of which officially recognized the Confederate government. The term Union occurs in the first governing document of the United States, the subsequent Constitution of 1787 was issued and ratified in the name not of the states, but of We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union. Union, for the United States of America, is repeated in such clauses as the Admission to the Union clause in Article IV. Even before the war started, the preserve the Union was commonplace. Using the term Union to apply to the non-secessionist side carried a connotation of legitimacy as the continuation of the political entity. In comparison to the Confederacy, the Union had a large industrialized and urbanized area, additionally, the Union states had a manpower advantage of 5 to 2 at the start of the war. Year by year, the Confederacy shrank and lost control of increasing quantities of resources, meanwhile, the Union turned its growing potential advantage into a much stronger military force
15.
Creoles of color
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The Creoles of color are a historic ethnic group of Creole people in Louisiana, Southern Mississippi, Alabama, and Northwestern Florida. Mixed-race Creoles of color became identified as an ethnic group, Gens de couleur libres. During Louisiana’s colonial period, Créole referred to people born in Louisiana who had ancestors from elsewhere, the term Créole was first used by French colonists to distinguish themselves from foreign-born settlers, and later as distinct from Anglo-American settlers. Colonial documents show that the term Créole was used variously at different times to refer to people, mixed-race people. Many Creoles of color were free, and their descendants often enjoyed many of the privileges that whites did, including property ownership. During the antebellum period, their society was structured along class lines, while it was not illegal, it was a social taboo for Creoles of color to marry slaves and it was a rare occurrence. Some of the wealthier and prosperous Creoles of color owned slaves, other Creoles of color such as Thomy Lafon used their social position to support the abolitionist cause. Another Creole of color, Francis E. Dumas, emancipated all of his slaves, Some historians suggest that New Orleans was the cradle of the civil rights movement in the United States, due to the earliest efforts of Creoles to integrate the military en masse. Creoles of Color had been members of the militia for decades under both Spanish and French control of the colony of Louisiana, for example, around 80 free Creoles of Color were recruited into the militia that participated in the Battle of Baton Rouge in 1779. They volunteered their services and pledged their loyalty to their adopted country and its Territorial Governor appointed by Thomas Jefferson. Claiborne, when the French colony of Orleans was formally accepted by the United States on December 20,1803. In a February 20,1804 letter, Secretary of War Henry Dearborn wrote to Clairborne saying. it would be prudent not to increase the Corps, but to diminish, if it could be done without giving offense. A decade later, the militia of color that remained volunteered to take up arms when the British began landing troops on American soil outside of New Orleans in December 1814 and this was the commencement of the Battle of New Orleans. During and after the Louisiana Purchase many Creoles of color lost their social status, despite their service to the militia. Americas Southern society developed a caste system, in this new caste system, all people with African ancestry or visible African features were classified as black, and therefore categorized as second class citizens. Former free Creoles of Color were relegated to the ranks of emancipated slaves, with the advantage of having been better educated than the new freedmen, many Creoles of color were active in the struggle for civil rights. During Reconstruction and in the aftermath the American Civil War, white Democrats regained political power across the former Confederate states, by the late nineteenth century many Southern men in positions of power began to re-impose the idea of white supremacy. To achieve this, they established legal segregation under the Jim Crow system
16.
Alfred Ryder
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He appeared in the landmark first-aired episode of Star Trek on September 8,1966. But, as Crater defends, it is also the last of its kind, Ryder played the main alien leader, Mr. Nexus, in the 1967-68 classic TV series The Invaders. He also appeared as the ghost of a World War I German U-boat captain in two episodes of the 1960s Irwin Allen-produced ABC-TV series Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea. He then appeared in the episode A Hand for Sonny Blue from the 1977 series Quinn Martins Tales of the Unexpected, in films he is perhaps best remembered as the defense attorney who cross-examines John Wayne in True Grit. He began acting at the age of eight and went on to study with Robert Lewis and he eventually became a life member of The Actors Studio. During the heyday of American network radio comedy, Ryder had two memorable roles, as Molly Goldbergs son Sammy in The Goldbergs, and, as Carl Neff in Easy Aces. During World War II he served in the United States Army Air Forces and appeared in the Air Forces Broadway play and he appeared in the Anthony Mann directed film noir classic, T-Men. Born to Jewish parents, he was married to actress Kim Stanley from 1958 until 1964 and he was the brother of actress Olive Deering. 1958 Gunsmoke episode Texas Cowboys as Hank Voyles 1959 Alcoa Presents, episode The Hunter as Capt. Heismann 1965 The Man from U. N. C. L. E
17.
Clifford David
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Clifford David is an American actor. He is recognized for his Broadway, film and television performances, clifford David was born on June 30,1938 in Toledo, Ohio. Other theater credits also include The Aspern Papers, Camino Real with Al Pacino, Joan of Arc with Dorothy McGuire and he appeared in Joseph Papps production of Hamlet in Central Park and has starred in various regional theater productions. He also portrayed Beethoven in Bill & Teds Excellent Adventure, clifford directed and co-starred with Tommy Perna in the short film Changes of Distance
18.
Brad Dexter
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Brad Dexter was an American actor. Dexter was born Boris Michel Soso Milanovich in Goldfield, Nevada and he spoke Serbian as his first language. The family soon decamped for Los Angeles, California, where he attended Belmont High School. Burly, dark and handsome, in Yugoslavia he was known as Veljko Šošo. Early in his career, he went by the name of Barry Mitchell. After a stint as a boxer, Dexter attended the Pasadena Playhouse. During World War II he enlisted for service with the U. S. Army Air Corps and appeared in the Corps play. His career in Hollywood spanned over four decades, other films Dexter appeared in include The Asphalt Jungle, Run Silent, Run Deep, Last Train from Gun Hill, Kings of the Sun, Johnny Cool, Shampoo, Vigilante Force and House Calls. Easy to start with, Yul Brynner, Steve McQueen, James Coburn, Charles Bronson, Robert Vaughn, and Horst Buchholz. But if Brad Dexter, who has died aged 85, is usually the last to be mentioned, it is mainly because of the fame of the others, actually, the cool and taciturn Harry Luck. From January to November 1953, he was married to singer Peggy Lee. His friendship with Frank Sinatra began when Dexter saved Sinatra from drowning on May 10,1964, during production of the World War II film, None but the Brave, on the island of Kauai, Hawaii. Sinatra and Ruth Koch, the wife of producer Howard Koch, were swimming at a beach when they were out to sea by the outgoing tide. Sinatras co-star Dexter and two surfers swam out and rescued them, Dexter was later awarded a Red Cross medal for his bravery. Sinatra and Dexter co-starred in a film together Von Ryans Express, and Dexter subsequently produced The Naked Runner. The two men clashed over Sinatras unwillingness to finish the film, and, after it was completed, I was the only guy who dropped Sinatra. I couldnt put up with his nonsense, Dexter said at the time, Dexter co-produced Skag with fellow Serbian American actor Karl Malden. He appeared in television series, including Richard Diamond, Private Detective, Colt.45, Bourbon Street Beat. He was married to Star-Kist tuna heiress Mary Bogdanovich from January 27,1971 until her death on June 12,1994, later in 1994 he married June Deyer and remained with her until his death
19.
Bert Freed
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Bert Freed was an American character actor, voice-over actor, and the first actor to portray Detective Columbo. Born and raised in the Bronx, New York, Freed began acting while attending Penn State University, following World War II Army service in the European theatre, he appeared in the Broadway musical The Day Before Spring in 1945 and dozens of television shows between 1947 and 1985. His film debut occurred, oddly enough, in a musical Carnegie Hall, Freed played homicide detective Lt. Kildare, Ben Casey, Combat. Petticoat Junction, The Outer Limits, Alfred Hitchcock Presents, Route 66, Ironside, The Green Hornet, The Munsters, The Untouchables and he directed one episode of T. H. E. Freed appeared as a racist club owner in No Way Out, Private Slattery in Halls of Montezuma and he retired from acting in 1986, and died of a heart attack in Sechelt, British Columbia, in 1994 while on a fishing trip with his son. Bert Freed at the Internet Movie Database Bert Freed at Find a Grave
20.
Strother Martin
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Martin perhaps is best known as the prison captain in the 1967 film Cool Hand Luke, in which he uttered the famous line, What weve got here is failure to communicate. The line is number 11 on the American Film Institute list of AFIs 100 Years.100 Movie Quotes, Martin was born in Kokomo in Howard County in north central Indiana. For a short time, the Martins moved to San Antonio, Texas, as a child, he excelled at swimming and diving, he was nicknamed T-Bone Martin because of his diving expertise. At 17, he won the National Junior Springboard Diving Championship and he served as a swimming instructor in the United States Navy during World War II and was a member of the diving team at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He entered the adult National Springboard Diving competition in hopes of gaining a berth on the U. S. Olympic team, after the war, Martin moved to Los Angeles, California and worked as a swimming instructor and as a swimming extra in water scenes in films. He was cast in 1955 as Landry Kersh in the episode Shadow of God on the ABC religion anthology series and he gave a memorable performance as a man with learning difficulties in the Cooter episode written by Sam Peckinpah in the first season of Gunsmoke. Martin appeared in the first Brian Keith series, Crusader, a Cold War drama on CBS and he guest starred as a circus tightrope walker in one of the 1957 episodes of CBSs Have Gun, Will Travel. He portrayed a soldier in a 1958 episode of the syndicated western series, Boots. That same year, he played the lead in the episode Pete Henke of NBCs western Jefferson Drum. In 1959, Martin played Polk, with Denver Pyle as Houston, in the episode No Place to Stop of the CBS western series, The Texan, starring Rory Calhoun as Bill Longley. In another 1959 western series, Martin was cast as Deputy Jess in the episode Johnny Yuma of ABCs The Rebel, in 1960, Martin guest starred in James Whitmores ABC crime drama, The Law and Mr. Jones. In 1962, Martin was cast as Harold Horton in The Chocolate Cake Caper of the CBS sitcom, Pete and Gladys, starring Harry Morgan and he guest starred in Jack Lords ABC adventure/drama series, Stoney Burke. In 1963, he was cast as Private Anton Copang in the episode Walk Through the Badlands of the ABC/Warner Brothers western series, The Dakotas. In 1966, Martin appeared twice as Cousin Fletch in the short-lived ABC comedy western The Rounders, with Ron Hayes, Patrick Wayne, earlier, he had guest starred with Harry Morgan and Cara Williams in their CBS sitcom, Pete and Gladys. In 1967, Martin played Arizona miner Ed Schieffelin in the episode Silver Tombstone of the television series Death Valley Days. In the story line, after years of failure, Schieffelin is convinced that he is on the verge of a bonanza and he invites his brother to join him in the pending strike. Jamie Farr appears as Dick Gird and his lunatic turn in the latter film as Lee Marvins characters insanely sadistic henchman, gleefully giggling in anticipation of each horrendous atrocity, remains a particularly memorable performance. Martin also excelled in comedy, playing an incompetent Indian agent in the John Wayne film, McLintock. and as a horse trader in the 1969 film
21.
IMDb
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In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database
22.
Rotten Tomatoes
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Rotten Tomatoes is an American review aggregator website for film and television. The company was launched in August 1998 by Senh Duong and since January 2010 has been owned by Flixster, in February 2016, Rotten Tomatoes and its parent site Flixster were sold to Comcasts Fandango. Warner Bros. retained a minority stake in the merged entities, since 2007, the websites editor-in-chief has been Matt Atchity. The name, Rotten Tomatoes, derives from the practice of audiences throwing rotten tomatoes when disapproving of a stage performance. From early 2008 to September 2010, Current Television aired the weekly The Rotten Tomatoes Show, featuring hosts, a shorter segment was incorporated into the weekly show, InfoMania, which ended in 2011. In September 2013, the website introduced TV Zone, a section for reviewing scripted TV shows, Rotten Tomatoes was launched on August 12,1998, as a spare-time project by Senh Duong. His goal in creating Rotten Tomatoes was to create a site where people can get access to reviews from a variety of critics in the U. S. As a fan of Jackie Chans, Duong was inspired to create the website after collecting all the reviews of Chans movies as they were being published in the United States, the first movie whose reviews were featured on Rotten Tomatoes was Your Friends & Neighbors. The website was an success, receiving mentions by Netscape, Yahoo. and USA Today within the first week of its launch. They officially launched it on April 1,2000, in June 2004, IGN Entertainment acquired rottentomatoes. com for an undisclosed sum. In September 2005, IGN was bought by News Corps Fox Interactive Media, in January 2010, IGN sold the website to Flixster. The combined reach of both companies is 30 million unique visitors a month across all different platforms, according to the companies, in May 2011, Flixster was acquired by Warner Bros. In early 2009, Current Television launched the version of the web review site. It was hosted by Brett Erlich and Ellen Fox and written by Mark Ganek, the show aired every Thursday at 10,30 EST on the Current TV network. The last episode aired on September 16,2010 and it returned as a much shorter segment of InfoMania, a satirical news show that ended in 2011. By late 2009, the website was designed to enable Rotten Tomatoes users to create, one group, The Golden Oyster Awards, accepted votes of members for different awards, as if in parallel to the better-known Oscars or Golden Globes. When Flixster bought the company, they disbanded the groups, announcing, in the meantime, please use the Forums to continue your conversations about your favorite movie topics. As of February 2011, new community features have been added, for example, users can no longer sort films by fresh ratings from rotten ratings, and vice versa
23.
Turner Classic Movies
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Turner Classic Movies is an American movie-oriented basic cable and satellite television network owned by the Turner Broadcasting System subsidiary of Time Warner. TCM is headquartered at the Techwood Campus in Atlanta, Georgias Midtown business district, historically, the channels programming consisted mainly of featured classic theatrically released feature films from the Turner Entertainment film library – which comprises films from Warner Bros. However, TCM now has licensing deals with other Hollywood film studios as well as its Time Warner sister company, Warner Bros. and occasionally shows more recent films. The channel is available in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Ireland, Latin America, France, Spain, Nordic countries, Middle East, Africa and Asia-Pacific. In 1986, eight years before the launch of Turner Classic Movies, concerns over Turner Entertainments corporate debt load resulted in Turner selling the studio that October back to Kirk Kerkorian, from whom Turner had purchased the studio less than a year before. As part of the deal, Turner Entertainment retained ownership of MGMs library of films released up to May 9,1986, Turner Broadcasting System was split into two companies, Turner Broadcasting System and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and reincorporated as MGM/UA Communications Co. The film library of Turner Entertainment would serve as the form of programming for TCM upon the networks launch. After the library was acquired, MGM/UA signed a deal with Turner to continue distributing the pre-May 1986 MGM and to begin distributing the pre-1950 Warner Bros. film libraries for video release. Turner Classic Movies debuted on April 14,1994, at 6,00 p. m. Eastern Time, the date and time were chosen for their historical significance as the exact centennial anniversary of the first public movie showing in New York City. The first movie broadcast on TCM was the 1939 film Gone with the Wind, at the time of its launch, TCM was available to approximately one million cable television subscribers. AMC had broadened its content to feature colorized and more recent films by 2002. In the early 90s AMC abandoned its format, leaving TCM as the only movie-oriented cable channel to devote its programming entirely to classic films without commercial interruption. In 1996, Turner Broadcasting System merged with Time Warner, which besides placing Turner Classic Movies, in March 1999, MGM paid Warner Bros. and gave up the home video rights to the MGM/UA films owned by Turner to Warner Home Video. In 2008, TCM won a Peabody Award for excellence in broadcasting, in April 2010, Turner Classic Movies held the first TCM Classic Film Festival, an event – now held annually – at the Graumans Chinese Theater and the Graumans Egyptian Theater in Hollywood. In 2007, some of the films featured on TCM were made available for streaming on TCMs website. The networks programming season runs from February until the following March of each year when a retrospective of Oscar-winning and Oscar-nominated movies is shown, called 31 Days of Oscar. Turner Classic Movies presents many of its features in their original aspect ratio whenever possible – widescreen films broadcast on TCM are letterboxed on the standard definition feed. TCM also regularly presents widescreen presentations of films not available in the format on any video release
24.
AllMovie
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AllMovie is an online guide service website with information about films, television programs, and screen actors. As of 2013, AllMovie. com and the AllMovie consumer brand are owned by All Media Network, AllMovie was founded by popular-culture archivist Michael Erlewine, who also founded AllMusic and AllGame. The AllMovie database was licensed to tens of thousands of distributors and retailers for point-of-sale systems, websites, the AllMovie database is comprehensive, including basic product information, cast and production credits, plot synopsis, professional reviews, biographies, relational links and more. AllMovie data was accessed on the web at the AllMovie. com website and it was also available via the AMG LASSO media recognition service, which can automatically recognize DVDs. In late 2007, Macrovision acquired AMG for a reported $72 million, the AMG consumer facing web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in August 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. The buyers also include the founders of SideReel and Ackrell Capital investor Mike Ackrell. All Media Network offices are located in San Francisco, California, AllMusic AllGame SideReel All Media Network Official website
25.
Man with the Gun
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Man with the Gun is a 1955 Western film starring Robert Mitchum. The film was released in the United Kingdom as The Trouble Shooter and is sometimes entitled Deadly Peacemaker. The supporting cast includes Jan Sterling, Henry Hull, Barbara Lawrence, Leo Gordon, clint Tollinger arrives in town, and is recognized as the man in grey, a gun for hire who had a reputation for cleaning up other towns. The marshal deputizes Tollinger, then tells him he is on his own, Tollinger begins by warning two known gunmen to leave town. He then begins to disarm everyone in the town, then in an unseen confrontation he kills the two gunmen hed previously warned to leave town. A group of gunmen shoots up a warning of the gun ordnance at the edge of town. As they ride in, they yell that they are looking for Tollinger, forewarned by the shots, he gets the drop on them from the loft of the town stable with a shotgun. He orders them to drop their guns and they do so, one trades small talk with him while reaching for a derringer in his hat, but Tollinger shoots him. At a social event, one of the women advises Tollinger that his job wont be finished until the dance hall girls also leave town. She criticizes them for dancing and carrying on, unaware that Tollinger is an old friend to the madam who manages them, but not all is well in their relationship. When Tollinger warns Nelly Bain that her girls also have a curfew and she tells him she and the girls will be moving on further west, and asks him for suggestions. She asks for the name of any town where he wont be, but theres a hidden history between the two of them, and everything isnt what it seems. Two gunmen from a large cattle spread ride into town to tell Tollinger that theyve detained Jeff Castle for trying to build a house on disputed land. They appear to have set a trap, inviting Tollinger to the ranch to him up. Tollinger arrests the two for carrying guns in town, some of the towns citizens suddenly have second thoughts, worrying that others from the ranch will come in and shoot up the town. But the arrest proves a good move, the other ranch hands deliver Castle into town. Nelly Bain tells Tollinger something shes kept from him since he arrived in town, that their daughter had died, and Tollinger takes it badly. His patience and calm demeanor suddenly gone, he resolves to clean up the town the quick and dirty way, he burns the saloon, which is owned by Dade Holman, the cattleman who had sent the gunmen
26.
The Big Boodle
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The Big Boodle is a 1957 American crime film directed by Richard Wilson, and starring Errol Flynn, Pedro Armendáriz, Rossana Rory, and Gia Scala, set in Cuba. The movie was known as Night in Havana. Ned Sherwood, a dealer in a Havana casino, is given some counterfeit peso bills by a woman. He confronts the woman with the fact they are counterfeit, but she denies it and that night, on his way home, two thugs attack Ned but run off when the police are summoned. Guillermo Mastegui, Chief of the Secret Section of the Cuban National Police, interrogates Ned about the attack, Mastegui and a U. S. Treasury agent plan to have Ned followed in the hope that he will lead them to the head counterfeiter. Ned loses his job and cant leave Cuba and he meets with a young woman, Anita Ferrer, who believes that he has the bills, as well as the engraving plates they were made from, and offers to buy them. Anita takes him to meet her father, who is president of the Bank of Cuba, señor Ferrer explains to Ned that Mastegui suspects that three million counterfeit pesos, manufactured in Chicago, are about to be laundered through the bank. Because this act would destroy confidence in the bank and in the government, when Fina agrees to a meeting with Ned, she again denies any involvement in the counterfeiting, but offers to be seen with him in the hope of having the ringleaders show their hand. After visiting several nightclubs, Fina admits that she took the money from the pocket of Carlos Rubi. Upon leaving a club, Ned and Fina are kidnapped by Miguel Collada, a trusted banking aide of her father, and his henchman Chuchu. Collada reveals that he is behind the scheme to substitute the counterfeit bills and he will then keep the genuine, old currency, but fears that his associate, Rubi, may have stolen the plates, which could connect him to the swindle. To help Ned, with whom she is falling in love, Fina suggests to Collada that Rubi may have hidden the plates in El Morro Castle where Rubi, she and Anita used to play as children. Meanwhile, Anita meets with Rubi to try to extricate themselves from Colladas scheme in which became involved in order to pay off substantial debts. After Collada and Fina depart for El Morro, leaving Chuchu to guard Ned, Rubi comes to the house intending to kill Collada, Ned escapes, alerts Mastegui, then goes with Anita to El Morro. When they catch up with Collada and Fina, Collada uses Fina as a shield during a gunfight, Anita tries to bargain with him, but is killed by Collada. Ned jumps on Collada and they fight on the castles parapet until Collada falls, with the plates, to protect Ferrer from the knowledge of Anitas wrongdoing, Mastegui declares that she has died a hero and considers the case closed. Ned and Fina walk off together, the Chicago Daily Tribune called it a rugged slap bang adventure. At times engaging, at times superfluously vulgar, an earlier Sylvester novel Rough Sketch, had been filmed as We Were Strangers
27.
Al Capone (film)
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Al Capone is a 1959 biographical film directed by Richard Wilson. Written by Malvin Wald and Henry F. Greenberg, and released by Allied Artists and it starred Rod Steiger as Al Capone. Steiger reportedly refused the producers first offer to star in film because he thought the initial screenplay inappropriately romanticized Capone. In an interview Steiger said, I turned the picture three times. According to TCM, he agreed to play the role only after the agreed to rewrite. The finished film was noted for its portrayal of the subject. Chicago,1919, A young Al Capone arrives to work for mob boss Johnny Torrio and he meets Torrios top man, Big Jim Colosimo, who runs business and politics in the First Ward while secretly on Torrios payroll. Prohibition is enacted a year later, causing Torrio and other gangsters like Dean OBanion, George Bugs Moran and Earl Hymie Weiss to compete for profits in bootleg liquor, Torrios rivals conspire to have Colosimo and his henchmen killed. A reform mayor is elected, so Torrio and Capone change their base of operations to Cicero, Capone also has OBanion killed and makes a play for Maureen Flannery, the widow of one of Colosimos men. Weiss and Moran return the favor by ordering Torrio to be shot, Capone retaliates by killing Weiss and forcing merchants throughout the city to pay for protection. A sergeant in the Chicago police, Schaefer, is promoted to captain and vows to end the bloodshed and extortion, with the heat on from the cops, a crooked newspaperman named Keely tries to bribe Schaefer but fails. He persuades Capone to move to Florida until things cool down, from a safe distance, Capone masterminds the St. Valentines Day Massacre, with several of Morans men gunned down in a Chicago garage. Capone and Moran call a truce, but when he learns Keely has been helping a Moran plot to kill him, Capone ends the reporters life instead. Maureen finally has her fill of Capones corruption and violence, while Schaefer, variety called it a tough, ruthless and generally unsentimental account and also a very well-made picture. The film won a Laurel Award as 1959s Sleeper of the Year, list of American films of 1959 Al Capone at the Internet Movie Database Overview and ratings from TCM
28.
Wall of Noise
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Wall of Noise is a 1963 American drama film directed by Richard Wilson and written by Joseph Landon. The film stars Suzanne Pleshette, Ty Hardin, Dorothy Provine, Ralph Meeker, Simon Oakland, the film was released by Warner Bros. on September 4,1963. A horse trainer, Joel Tarrant, needs a job and is hired by Matt Rubio, Joel has a girlfriend, Ann, but is tempted by the advances of Rubios seductive wife, Laura. Laura knows there is a horse Joel feels can become a champion and he borrows money from Johnny Papadakis to do so, but the horse is injured and Rubio fires him after recognizing the relationship between his wife and Joel, who is unable to repay Papadakis his debt. Ann goes to lengths to help him out of trouble. But after Papadakis dies unexpectedly, Joel and Ann return to their lives, Simon as Dave McRaab George O. Petrie as Mr. Harrington Jean Byron as Mrs
29.
Three in the Attic
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Three in the Attic is a 1968 movie, starring Christopher Jones and Yvette Mimieux, with Judy Pace and Maggie Thrett. Nan Martin, John Beck, and Eve McVeagh appear in supporting roles, Jones plays Paxton Quigley, a lothario who swears his fidelity to all three of the women he is dating, who are unaware of his deception. When they learn the truth about Paxton, the women lure him into a college dormitory attic, Paxton Quigley, a renowned womanizer, is a student at the fictional Willard College for Men, located one mile away from the fictional Fulton College for women. The schools are located in college communities in the middle of Vermont. After meeting at a Zeta Chi fraternity party, Paxton and a Fulton undergrad, Tobey Clinton and they then take their relationship to the next level by spending the summer together by the beach in Provincetown. Paxton and Tobey are then caught living together by Tobey’s parents at their house in Provincetown. Following a fight between Tobey and her mother, the two separate for the rest of the last two weeks of summer break, Tobey, by now deeply in love, is ecstatic to be with Paxton upon their return to school. While out on his motorcycle, Paxton has an encounter with a young artist in need of a ride. The young artist, Eulice, another Fulton student, entreats Paxton to let her paint him naked, when she is finished, Paxton learns that she only wanted to paint his face, but got him naked for fun. She promises to get nude for Paxton as compensation, after a meal, they retire to a motel that Paxton frequents with his many different conquests. Following his initial escapade with Eulice, Paxton brags to his fraternity brothers that he feels no remorse, while they are on a trip to a cabin, Tobey asks Paxton to move out of his fraternity house and move into an apartment with her. Paxton overreacts, Tobey explains that her father bet her that if she rented an apartment for the two of them Paxton would get cold feet and end the relationship, a bitter fight ensues but they soon make up. Paxton receives a call from Eulice at his fraternity house. While racing over to Eulice’s residence Paxton trips and happens upon a hippie-girl, Jan and they strike a conversation, and soon after Paxton takes Jan to his favorite motel. The two eat some of Jan’s “magic-brownies” and then Jan uses body paint to cover Paxton’s back in flowers, as soon as Paxton makes a move, Jan runs for the door. Paxton aggressively attacks her, and then stops and feigns to be homosexual who was abused by a high school coach. This exploitative trickery wins her sympathy and they become intimate. Again, Paxton brags about his exploits back at his fraternity house, one of his brothers gives him the idea of dating all three girls at the same time
