Island syndrome describes the differences in morphology, ecology, physiology and behaviour of insular species compared to their continental counterparts. These differences evolve due to the different
The southern cassowary, a ratite native to Indonesia, New Guinea and northeastern Australia which exhibits island gigantism and sexually monomorphic plumage, both features of island syndrome
A coconut crab, an example of insular gigantism. It is placed atop a coconut for size comparison
Skeleton and model of the dodo, an extinct flightless bird from Mauritius
The Okarito kiwi, a small flightless ratite native to the South Island of New Zealand
Overexploitation, also called overharvesting or ecological overshoot, refers to harvesting a renewable resource to the point of diminishing returns. Continued overexploitation can lead to the destruct
Atlantic cod stocks were severely overexploited in the 1970s and 1980s, leading to their abrupt collapse in 1992.
When the giant flightless birds called moa were overexploited to the point of extinction, the giant Haast's eagle that preyed on them also became extinct.
Cows on Selsley Common. The tragedy of the commons is a useful parable for understanding how overexploitation can occur.
The Atlantic bluefin tuna is currently overexploited. Scientists say 7,500 tons annually is the sustainable limit, yet the fishing industry continue to harvest 60,000 tons.