1.
Afton Down
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Afton Down is a chalk down near the village of Freshwater on the Isle of Wight. Afton Down faces Compton Bay directly to the west, while Freshwater is approximately one mile north, in keeping with the native flora of Compton Bay, a variety of hardy plants grow on the down. Large European gorse bushes grow on the cliff, with the shelter they provide allowing other such as Wild cabbage. Due to the prevailing wind from the English channel to the west, no large trees are able to grow on the down, allowing shrubs. The Isle of Wights county flower, the Pyramidal Orchid, also here, along with Plantago lanceolata. There is an obelisk on Afton Down near the cliff edge and it is inscribed with a memorial to a resident of one of the neighbouring villages who died after falling from the cliff in 1846. This obelisk was Grade II listed in 1994, aged 15 He cometh forth like a flower and is cut down. He fleeth also as a shadow and continueth not, erected in remembrance of a most dear and only child who was suddenly removed into eternity by a fall from the adjacent cliff on the rocks below. Each side of the obelisk is inscribed with passages in relation to the afterlife. A local writer notes that it was common for people to climb the cliffs of the area to pick samphire, Freshwater Bay Golf Course is located on Afton Down. On the downs are a group of 24 barrows comprising, a long barrow 34. 7m long,0. 9m high, one barrow has been the subject of archaeological interest, and is thought to be from the Bronze Age. The site was excavated in 1817 revealing nothing of significance in the long barrow, but several cremations in the round barrows
2.
Isle of Wight
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The Isle of Wight /ˈaɪl əv ˈwaɪt/ is a county and the largest and second-most populous island in England. It is located in the English Channel, about 4 miles off the coast of Hampshire, the island has resorts that have been holiday destinations since Victorian times, and is known for its mild climate, coastal scenery, and verdant landscape of fields, downland and chines. The island has been home to the poets Swinburne and Tennyson and to Queen Victoria and it has a maritime and industrial tradition including boat building, sail making, the manufacture of flying boats, the hovercraft, and Britains space rockets. The island hosts annual festivals including the Isle of Wight Festival. It has well-conserved wildlife and some of the richest cliffs and quarries for dinosaur fossils in Europe, the Isle was owned by a Norman family until 1293 and was earlier a kingdom in its own right. Rural for most of its history, its Victorian fashionability and the affordability of holidays led to significant urban development during the late 19th. The island was part of Hampshire until 1890 when it became its own administrative county, apart from a shared police force, there is now no administrative link with Hampshire, although a combined local authority with Portsmouth and Southampton is being considered. Until 1995 the island had a governor, the quickest public transport link to the mainland is the hovercraft from Ryde to Southsea, while three ferry and two catamaran services cross the Solent to Southampton, Lymington and Portsmouth. During the Ice Age, sea levels were lower and the Solent was part of a river flowing south east from current day Poole Harbour towards mid-Channel. As sea levels rose, the valley became flooded. The first inhabitants are assumed to have been hunter-gatherers migrating by land during the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age period, as the ice age began to recede. From the Neolithic era onwards, there are indications that the island had wide trading links, with a port at Bouldnor, evidence of Bronze Age tin trading, caesar reported that the Belgae took the Isle of Wight in about 85 BC and gave its name as Vectis. The Roman historian Suetonius mentions that the island was captured by the commander Vespasian, the Romans built no towns or roads on the island, but the remains of at least seven Roman villas have been found, indicating the prosperity of local agriculture. During the Dark Ages the island was settled by Jutes as the kingdom of Wihtwara under King Arwald. In 685 it was invaded by Caedwalla, who tried to replace the inhabitants with his own followers and it suffered especially from Viking raids, and was often used as a winter base by Viking raiders when they were unable to reach Normandy. Later, both Earl Tostig and his brother Harold Godwinson held manors on the island, the Norman Conquest of 1066 created the position of Lord of the Isle of Wight, the island being given by William the Conqueror to his kinsman William FitzOsbern. Carisbrooke Priory and the fort of Carisbrooke Castle were then founded, allegiance was sworn to FitzOsbern rather than the king, the Lordship was subsequently granted to the de Redvers family by Henry I, after his succession in 1100. For nearly 200 years the island was a semi-independent feudal fiefdom, the final private owner was the Countess Isabella de Fortibus, who, on her deathbed in 1293, was persuaded to sell it to Edward I
3.
Woodstock
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Billed as An Aquarian Exposition,3 Days of Peace & Music, it was held at Max Yasgurs 600-acre dairy farm in the Catskills near the hamlet of White Lake in the town of Bethel. Bethel, in Sullivan County, is 43 miles southwest of the town of Woodstock, New York, during the sometimes rainy weekend,32 acts performed outdoors before an audience of 400,000 people. It is widely regarded as a moment in popular music history. Rolling Stone listed it as one of the 50 Moments That Changed the History of Rock, in 2017 the festival site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Woodstock was initiated through the efforts of Michael Lang, John Roberts, Joel Rosenman, Roberts and Rosenman financed the project. Lang had some experience as a promoter, having co-organized a small festival on the East Coast the prior year, the Miami Pop Festival, where an estimated 25,000 people attended the two-day event. Early in 1969, Roberts and Rosenman were New York City entrepreneurs, in the process of building Media Sound, unpersuaded by this Studio-in-the-Woods proposal, Roberts and Rosenman counter-proposed a concert featuring the kind of artists known to frequent the Woodstock area. Kornfeld and Lang agreed to the new plan, and Woodstock Ventures was formed in January 1969, the company offices were located in an oddly decorated floor of 47 West 57th Street in Manhattan. Burt Cohen, and his group, Curtain Call Productions. When Lang was unable to find a site for the concert, Roberts and Rosenman, growing increasingly concerned, took to the road, similar differences about financial discipline made Roberts and Rosenman wonder whether to pull the plug or to continue pumping money into the project. In April 1969, newly minted superstars Creedence Clearwater Revival became the first act to sign a contract for the event, the promoters had experienced difficulty landing big-name groups prior to Creedence committing to play. Creedence drummer Doug Clifford later commented, Once Creedence signed, everyone else jumped in line, given their 3,00 a. m. start time and omission from the Woodstock film, Creedence members have expressed bitterness over their experiences at the famed festival. Woodstock was designed as a venture, aptly titled Woodstock Ventures. It famously became a free concert only after the event drew hundreds of more people than the organizers had prepared for. Tickets for the event cost $18 in advance and $24 at the gate. Ticket sales were limited to record stores in the greater New York City area, around 186,000 advance tickets were sold, and the organizers anticipated approximately 200,000 festival-goers would turn up. The original venue plan was for the festival to take place in Woodstock, New York, after local residents quickly shot down that idea, Lang and Kornfeld thought they had found another possible location in Saugerties, New York. But they had misunderstood, as the landowners attorney made clear, in a meeting with Roberts
4.
Guinness World Records
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The book itself holds a world record, as the best-selling copyrighted book of all time. As of the 2017 edition, it is now in its 63rd year of publication, the international franchise has extended beyond print to include television series and museums. On 10 November 1951, Sir Hugh Beaver, then the director of the Guinness Breweries, went on a shooting party in the North Slob, by the River Slaney in County Wexford. After missing a shot at a golden plover, he involved in an argument over which was the fastest game bird in Europe. That evening at Castlebridge House, he realised that it was impossible to confirm in reference books whether or not the golden plover was Europes fastest game bird. Beaver knew that there must be numerous other questions debated nightly in pubs throughout Ireland and abroad and he realised then that a book supplying the answers to this sort of question might prove successful. Beavers idea became reality when Guinness employee Christopher Chataway recommended University friends Norris and Ross McWhirter, the twin brothers were commissioned to compile what became The Guinness Book of Records in August 1954. A thousand copies were printed and given away, after the founding of The Guinness Book of Records at 107 Fleet Street, the first 198-page edition was bound on 27 August 1955 and went to the top of the British best seller lists by Christmas. The following year, it launched in the US, and sold 70,000 copies, since then, Guinness World Records has become a household name and the global leader in world records. Because the book became a hit, many further editions were printed, eventually settling into a pattern of one revision a year, published in September/October. The McWhirters continued to compile it for many years, Ross McWhirter was assassinated by the Provisional Irish Republican Army in 1975. Following Ross assassination, the feature in the show where questions about records posed by children were answered was called Norris on the Spot, Guinness Superlatives Limited was formed in 1954 to publish the first book. Sterling Publishing owned the rights to the Guinness book in the US for decades, and, under their management, the group was owned by Guinness PLC and subsequently Diageo until 2001, when it was purchased by Gullane Entertainment. Gullane was itself purchased by HIT Entertainment in 2002, with offices in New York City and Tokyo, Guinness World Records global headquarters remain in London, while its museum attractions are based at Ripley headquarters in Orlando, Florida, US. Recent editions have focused on record feats by person competitors, many records also relate to the youngest person who achieved something, such as the youngest person to visit all nations of the world, being Maurizio Giuliano. Each edition contains a selection of the records from the Guinness database, as well as new records. The majority of records are no longer listed in the book or on the website. For those unable to wait the 4–6 weeks for a reply, the Guinness Book of Records is the worlds most sold copyrighted book, earning it an entry within its own pages
5.
Master of ceremonies
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A master of ceremonies, abbreviated M. C. also called compère and announcer, is the official host of a ceremony, a staged event or similar performance. The master of ceremonies sometimes also refers to the officer during an official state function. Today, the term often connotes a master of ceremonies who presents performers, speaks to the audience, entertains people, in addition, the term also exists in various chivalric orders and fraternal orders. The term originated in the Catholic Church, the Master of Ceremonies is an official of the Papal Court responsible for the proper and smooth conduct of the elegant and elaborate rituals involving the Pope and the sacred liturgy. He may also be an involved in the proper conduct of protocols and ceremonials involving the Roman Pontiff, the Papal Court. Examples of official liturgical books prescribing the rules and regulations of liturgical celebrations are Cæremoniale Romanum, the office of the Master of Ceremonies itself is very old. According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, the most ancient ceremonials and rituals of the Catholic Church are the Ordines Romani, names of Masters of Ceremonies are known since the late Middle Ages and the Renaissance. However, copies of books prescribing the forms of rituals, rites and it is reasonable to assume that the ceremonials themselves pre-date Gelasius. However, documentary evidence from the late Roman period is scarce or lost, the ceremonies and practices of the Byzantine emperors are also known to have influenced the papal court. At a large Catholic church or cathedral, the Master of Ceremonies organizes and rehearses the proceedings and he may also have responsibility for the physical security of the place of worship during the liturgy. At major festivities such as Christmas and Easter, when the liturgies are long and complex, the current papal Master of Ceremonies is Monsignor Guido Marini, who succeeded Archbishop Piero Marini. Masters of Ceremonies at weddings and private events also ensure the coordination of their event, became an alternative title for a rapper and for their role within hip hop music and culture. The term is used as a term of distinction, referring to an artist with good performance skills. An MC focuses on skills, lyrical ability, and subject matter, in any comedy show, the compère is the host of the evenings events, but the precise role and responsibilities will vary depending on the country, venue and style of event. The compère will normally do longer bits at the start of the show and after any interval and they may also be required to make announcements, such as birthdays, anniversaries and bar promotions. In some circles the title Master of Ceremonies is also known as Minister of Ceremonies, in the 1940 Disney film, Fantasia, Deems Taylor is the films Master of Ceremonies. Media related to Master of ceremonies at Wikimedia Commons
6.
Isle of Wight Festival
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The Isle of Wight Festival is a music festival which takes place annually on the Isle of Wight in England. It was originally an event held from 1968 to 1970. The event was revived in 2002, the original events were promoted and organised by the Foulk brothers under the banner of their company Fiery Creations Limited and their younger brother Bill Foulk. The venues were Ford Farm, Wootton and Afton Down respectively, the 1969 event was notable for the appearance of Bob Dylan and the Band. This was Dylans first paid performance since his motor cycle accident some three years earlier, and was held at a time when many still wondered if he would perform again. Followers from across the world trekked to the Isle of Wight for the performance, the 1969 festival opened on Friday 29 August—eleven days after the close of Woodstock. Dylan was living in Woodstock, New York, at the time and it was believed that he would perform there. As it happened, Dylan left for the Isle of Wight on 15 August—the day the Woodstock festival began, the footage passed to Lerner in settlement of legal fees after a dispute with the Foulk brothers in which each side claimed against the other for breach of contract. Lerner distilled material from the festival into the film Message to Love released theatrically in 1996, in addition to this film, Lerner has created full-length films focused on performances by individual artists at the 1970 festival. To date there have been films of Miles Davis, Jimi Hendrix, The Who, Emerson, Lake & Palmer, The Moody Blues, Free, Taste, Leonard Cohen. Held on 31 August and 1 September 1968 and this took place on 30 and 31 August 1969 at Wootton, with an estimated attendance of 150,000. The line-up included Bob Dylan, The Band, The Nice, The Pretty Things, Marsha Hunt, The Who, Third Ear Band, Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band, Fat Mattress, Joe Cocker. Many celebrities of the day also attended the Festival, including John Lennon and Yoko Ono, George Harrison with Pattie Boyd, Ringo Starr with Maureen Starkey, Keith Richards, the event was revived in 2002 at Seaclose Park, a recreation ground on the outskirts of Newport. It has been held annually since that year, progressively extending itself northwards beyond Seaclose Park along the fields of the eastern Medina valley. E. M. Coldplay, The Zombies, The Proclaimers, Bryan Adams, The Police, Foo Fighters, Fleetwood Mac and it was sponsored by Nokia from 2004 to 2006. The promoters of the event now are Solo Promoters Ltd, apart from being held on the Isle of Wight, and featuring the now customary artwork of Dave Roe, there is no connection with the festivals of 1968–1970. E. M. E. R. The performances by Muse and The Rolling Stones at the last festival were a major influence, at the same event, the coordinator of the festival, John Giddings, won the award for Outstanding Contribution to UK festivals. At the 2015 Awards, the Isle of Wight Festival won the award for Best Family Festival, the Festival also won Best Event, Isle of Wight Visitor Attraction Association Awards,2015 and is nominatied for Best Family Festival at the 2016 Family Traveller Awards
7.
Jefferson Airplane
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Jefferson Airplane was a rock band based in San Francisco, California, who pioneered psychedelic rock. Formed in 1965, the group defined the San Francisco Sound and was the first from the Bay Area to achieve commercial success. They were headliners at the three most famous American rock festivals of the 1960s—Monterey, Woodstock and Altamont —and the first Isle of Wight Festival in England and their 1967 break-out album Surrealistic Pillow ranks on the short list of most significant recordings of the Summer of Love. Two songs from album, Somebody to Love and White Rabbit, are among Rolling Stones 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. The classic lineup of Jefferson Airplane, from October 1966 to February 1970, was Marty Balin, Paul Kantner, Grace Slick, Jorma Kaukonen, Jack Casady, the group broke up in 1972 and split into two bands, Hot Tuna and Jefferson Starship. Jefferson Airplane was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996 and was presented with the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2016, in 1962, 20-year-old Marty Balin recorded two singles for Challenge Records, neither of which were successful. Balin then joined a group called The Town Criers from 1963 to 1964. After the Beatles-led British invasion of 1964, Balin was inspired by the success of the Byrds and Simon & Garfunkel in merging folk with rock to form a group in 1965 that would follow that lead. With a group of investors, Balin purchased a former pizza parlor on Fillmore Street, which he converted to a club, the Matrix. Balin met folk musician Paul Kantner at another club, the Drinking Gourd. Kantner, a native San Franciscan, had started out performing on the Bay Area folk circuit in the early 1960s, alongside fellow folkies Jerry Garcia, David Crosby, Kantner has cited folk groups like the Kingston Trio and the Weavers as strong early influences. He briefly moved to Los Angeles, California, in 1964 to work in a duo with future Airplane/Starship member David Freiberg. Balin and Kantner then recruited other musicians to form the band at the Matrix. After hearing female vocalist Signe Toly Anderson at the Drinking Gourd, Anderson sang with the band for a year and performed on their first album before departing in October 1966 after the birth of her first child. Kantner next recruited an old friend, blues guitarist Jorma Kaukonen, Kaukonen had moved to California in the early 1960s and met Kantner while at Santa Clara University in 1962. Kaukonen came up with the name, based on the name of a friends dog. A2007 press release quoted Kaukonen as saying, I had this friend in Berkeley who came up with names for people. His name for me was Blind Thomas Jefferson Airplane, when the guys were looking for band names and nobody could come up with something, I remember saying, You want a silly band name
8.
T. Rex (band)
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Rex were an English rock band, formed in 1967 by singer-songwriter and guitarist Marc Bolan. The band was initially called Tyrannosaurus Rex, and released four psychedelic folk albums under this name, in 1969, Bolan began to shift from the bands early acoustic sound to an electric one. The following year, he shortened their name to T. Rex, the 1970 release of the single Ride a White Swan marked the culmination of this development, and the group soon became a commercial success as part of the emerging glam rock scene. Rex encountered a popularity in the UK comparable to that of the Beatles, One of the most prominent acts in British popular culture, they scored four UK number one hits, Hot Love, Get It On, Telegram Sam and Metal Guru. The bands 1971 album Electric Warrior received critical acclaim as a glam rock album. It reached number 1 in the UK, the 1972 follow-up, The Slider, entered the top 20 in the US. Following the release of 20th Century Boy in 1973, which reached three in the UK, T. Rex began to experience less success but continued recording one album per year. In 1977, Bolan died in a car accident several months after releasing their studio album Dandy in the Underworld. Rex have continued to exert a vast influence on a variety of subsequent artists, Marc Bolan founded Tyrannosaurus Rex in August 1967, following a handful of failed solo singles and a brief career as lead guitarist in psych-rock band Johns Children. After a disastrous solitary performance as a four-piece at the Electric Garden in Londons Covent Garden, BBC Radio One Disc jockey John Peel championed the band early in their recording career. Peel later appeared on record with them, reading stories written by Bolan, another key collaborator was producer Tony Visconti, who went on to produce the bands albums well into their second, glam rock phase. The band became regulars on Peel Sessions on BBC radio, by 1969 there was a rift developing between the two halves of Tyrannosaurus Rex. Bolan and his girlfriend June Child were living a life, Bolan working on his book of poetry entitled The Warlock Of Love and concentrating on his songs. Took, however, had embraced the anti-commercial, drug-taking ethos of the UK Underground scene centred around Ladbroke Grove. Took was also attracted to anarchistic elements such as Mick Farren/Deviants and members of the Pink Fairies Rock n Roll, in response to Bolans rebuff, Took contributed two songs as well as vocals and percussion to Twinks Think Pink album. Bolans relationship with Took ended after this, although they were obliged to go through with a US tour which was doomed before it began. Poorly promoted and planned, the duo were overshadowed by the loud electric acts they were billed with
9.
The Move
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The Move, from Birmingham, England, are a British rock band of the late 1960s and the early 1970s. They scored nine Top 20 UK singles in five years, but were among the most popular British bands not to any real success in the United States. Although bassist-vocalist Chris Ace Kefford was the leader, for most of their career the Move was led by guitarist. He wrote all the groups UK singles and, from 1968, also sang vocals on many songs. Initially, the band had 4 main vocalists who split the vocals on a number of their earlier songs. The Move evolved from several mid-1960s Birmingham based groups, including Carl Wayne & the Vikings, the Nightriders and their name referred to the move various members of these bands made to form the group. Besides Wood, the Moves original five-piece roster in 1965 was drummer Bev Bevan, bassist Kefford, vocalist Carl Wayne, the final line-up of 1972 was the trio of Wood, Bevan and Jeff Lynne, together, they rode the groups transition into the Electric Light Orchestra. Between 2007 and 2014, Burton and Bevan performed intermittently as The Move featuring Bev Bevan, the Move were formed in December 1965, and played their debut show at the Belfry, Wishaw on 23 January 1966. The original intentions of Burton, Kefford, and Wood were to start a group from among Birminghams best musicians — along similar lines to the Who, the three played together at jam sessions at Birminghams Cedar Club, and invited Wayne and Bevan to join their new group. After a debut at the Bell Hotel in Stourbridge and further bookings around the Birmingham area, at the time, the Move mainly played covers of American west coast groups such as the Byrds together with Motown and rock n roll songs. Although Carl Wayne handled most of the vocals, all the band members shared harmonies. Secunda got them a residency at Londons Marquee Club in 1966. Their early career was marked by a series of publicity stunts, high-profile media events and outrageous stage antics masterminded by Secunda, eventually, Secunda also managed to persuade Wood to begin writing songs for the band in his time off. Wood wrote their first single, Night of Fear, a No.2 hit in the UK Singles Chart in January 1967 and their second single, I Can Hear the Grass Grow, was another major hit, reaching No.5 in the UK. In April 1967, NME reported that the Move had offered a reward for the recovery of the master tapes of ten songs intended for their debut album. The tapes were stolen from their agents car when it was parked in Denmark Street, the tapes were found in a skip shortly after, but the damage caused to them meant new masters would have to be made, delaying the albums release. Their third single Flowers in the Rain was the first chart single played on BBC Radio 1 when it began broadcasting at 7am on 30 September 1967, introduced by Tony Blackburn. The single, which reached No.2 in the UK, was less guitar-orientated than their previous two singles, and featured a woodwind and string arrangement by Cordells assistant Tony Visconti, the track was released on the re-launched Regal Zonophone label
10.
Pretty Things
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Pretty Things are an English rock band, formed in 1963 in London. They took their name from Willie Dixons 1955 song Pretty Thing, despite this, they never managed to recapture the same level of commercial success of their very first releases. Pretty Things were preceded by Little Boy Blue and the Blue Boys, which consisted of Dick Taylor, fellow Sidcup Art College student Keith Richards, and Mick Jagger, among others. When Brian Jones was recruiting for his own band, all three joined Brian and Ian Stewart and were dubbed Rollin Stones by Jones in June 1962, because there were too many guitar players in the band, Taylor switched to bass. He quit the Stones five months later, when he was accepted at the Central School of Art, phil May, another Sidcup student, convinced him to form a new band. Taylor was once again playing guitar, with May singing and playing harmonica and they recruited John Stax on bass, Brian Pendleton on rhythm guitar, and Pete Kitley on drums. Kitley was soon replaced by Viv Andrews, also known as Viv Broughton, a fellow student at the Art College where May and Taylor studied, Bryan Morrison, was recruited as their manager. Morrison was to them for the rest of the 1960s. This agency represented Pink Floyd among many other bands, forming a partnership with songwriter Jimmy Duncan, he got the Pretty Things a recording contract with Fontana Records in early 1964. At this point, Viv Andrews was replaced by Viv Prince, an experienced drummer who had played with Carter-Lewis. Pretty Things early material consisted of hard-edged blues-rock influenced by Bo Diddley and their first three singles appeared in the UK Singles Chart in 1964 and 1965, Rosalyn No. 41, Dont Bring Me Down No,10, and the self-penned Honey I Need at No.13. They never had a hit in the United States, but had success in their native Britain and in Australia, New Zealand, Germany. Their appearance and behaviour was provocative, with May claiming to have the longest hair in the UK, the band later blamed their lack of success in the US on the fact their management opted for a tour of the Southern Hemisphere in July-August 1965. During their two weeks in New Zealand, they caused so much outrage in the media that the New Zealand Parliament addressed the issue of granting entry permits to musicians like the Pretty Things. The band was never actually banned from re-entering New Zealand, contrary to what can be read in some sources and he was replaced by Skip Alan. In early 1966 the band made a short film Pretty Things on Film, it featured live footage and a music video prototype for Cant Stand the Pain, which also featured their manager, Morrison. Rarely screened at the time, the film can be found as a bonus item on the Snapper CD re-issue of Get the Picture
11.
Joe Cocker
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John Robert Joseph Joe Cocker, OBE was an English singer and musician. He was known for his gritty voice, spasmodic body movement in performance, Cockers cover of the Beatles With a Little Help from My Friends reached number one in the UK in 1968. He performed the live at Woodstock in 1969 and at the Party at the Palace concert for the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II in 2002. His version also became the song for the TV series The Wonder Years. His 1974 cover of You Are So Beautiful reached number five in the US, Cocker was the recipient of several awards, including a 1983 Grammy Award for his US number one Up Where We Belong, a duet with Jennifer Warnes. Cocker was ranked number 97 on Rolling Stones 100 greatest singers list, Cocker was born on 20 May 1944 at 38 Tasker Road, Crookes, Sheffield. He was the youngest son of a servant, Harold Cocker. According to differing family stories, Cocker received his nickname of Joe either from playing a game called Cowboy Joe. Cockers main musical influences growing up were Ray Charles and Lonnie Donegan, Cockers first experience singing in public was at age 12 when his elder brother Victor invited him on stage to sing during a gig of his skiffle group. In 1960, along with three friends, Cocker formed his first group, the Cavaliers, for the groups first performance at a youth club, they were required to pay the price of admission before entering. Cocker was not related to fellow Sheffield-born musician Jarvis Cocker, despite a rumour to this effect, in 1961, under the stage name Vance Arnold, Cocker continued his career with a new group, Vance Arnold and the Avengers. The name was a combination of Vince Everett, Elvis Presleys character in Jailhouse Rock, the group mostly played in the pubs of Sheffield, performing covers of Chuck Berry and Ray Charles songs. Cocker developed an interest in music and sought out recordings by John Lee Hooker, Muddy Waters, Lightnin Hopkins. In 1963, they booked their first significant gig when they supported the Rolling Stones at Sheffield City Hall, in 1964, Cocker signed a recording contract as a solo act with Decca and released his first single, a cover of the Beatles Ill Cry Instead. Despite extensive promotion from Decca lauding his youth and working-class roots, after Cocker recorded the single, he dropped his stage name and formed a new group, Joe Cockers Blues Band. There is only one recording of Joe Cockers Blues Band on an EP given out by The Sheffield College during Rag Week. In 1966, after a hiatus from music, Cocker teamed up with Chris Stainton. The Grease Band was named after Cocker read an interview with jazz keyboardist Jimmy Smith, like the Avengers, Cockers group mostly played in pubs in and around Sheffield
12.
The Moody Blues
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The Moody Blues are an English rock band. It has been described as a landmark and one of the first successful concept albums and they became known internationally with singles including Go Now, Nights in White Satin, Tuesday Afternoon and Question. They have been awarded 18 platinum and gold discs and their album sales total 70 million. The Moody Blues formed on 4 May 1964, in Erdington, Ray Thomas, a juvenile John Lodge and Mike Pinder had been members of El Riot & the Rebels. They disbanded when Lodge, the youngest member, went to technical college, Pinder then rejoined Thomas to form the Krew Cats. Back from a spell in the Hamburg region a few months later. The five appeared as the Moody Blues for the first time in Birmingham in 1964, around this time the band were the resident group at the Carlton Ballroom, later to become rock music venue Mothers on Erdington High Street. The band soon obtained a London-based management company, Ridgepride, formed by Alex Murray and their recording contract was signed in the spring of 1964 with Ridgepride, which then leased their recordings to Decca. They released a single, Steal Your Heart Away, that year failed to chart. They also appeared on the cult TV programme Ready Steady Go, singing the uptempo B side Lose Your Money. But it was their single, Go Now, that launched their career, being promoted on TV with one of the first purpose-made promotional films in the pop era. The single became a hit in Britain and in the United States, the band encountered management problems after the chart-topping hit and subsequently signed to Decca Records in the UK directly as recording artists. A four track extended play titled, The Moody Blues featuring both sides of their first two Decca singles was issued in a colour picture sleeve in early 1965. Their debut album The Magnificent Moodies, produced by Denny Cordell with a strong Merseybeat/R&B flavour, was released on Decca in mono only in 1965 and it contained the hit single together with one side of classic R&B covers, and a second side with four Laine-Pinder originals. Alex Wharton left the management firm and the released a series of relatively unsuccessful singles. But then Everyday, another Pinder-Laine song, stalled at No.44 in October 1965, in June 1966, Warwick retired from the group and the music business. The group re-formed in November 1966, by then, Boulevard de la Madeleine had made the Belgian charts and won them more fans, which came in handy when they relocated to Belgium for some time. The new members were John Lodge, their bassist from El Riot and Justin Hayward, Hayward was recommended to Pinder by Eric Burdon of the Animals and was endorsed by famed UK singer Marty Wilde, the leader of the Wilde Three
13.
The Who
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The Who are an English rock band that formed in 1964. Their classic line-up consisted of lead singer Roger Daltrey, guitarist and singer Pete Townshend, bass guitarist John Entwistle, and drummer Keith Moon. They are considered one of the most influential bands of the 20th century, selling over 100 million records worldwide and holding a reputation for their live shows. The Who developed from a group, the Detours, and established themselves as part of the pop art and mod movements, featuring auto-destructive art by destroying guitars. Their first single as the Who, I Cant Explain, reached the UK top ten, followed by a string of singles including My Generation, Substitute and Happy Jack. In 1967, they performed at the Monterey Pop Festival and released the US top ten single I Can See for Miles, the groups fourth album, 1969s rock opera Tommy, included the single Pinball Wizard and was a critical and commercial success. Live appearances at Woodstock and the Isle of Wight Festival, along with the live album Live at Leeds, with their success came increased pressure on lead songwriter and visionary Townshend, and the follow-up to Tommy, Lifehouse, was abandoned. Songs from the project made up 1971s Whos Next, which included the hit Wont Get Fooled Again, the group released the album Quadrophenia in 1973 as a celebration of their mod roots, and oversaw the film adaptation of Tommy in 1975. They continued to tour to large audiences before semi-retiring from live performances at the end of 1976, the release of Who Are You in 1978 was overshadowed by the death of Moon shortly after. Kenney Jones replaced Moon and the group resumed activity, releasing a film adaptation of Quadrophenia, after Townshend became weary of touring, the group split in 1982. The Who occasionally re-formed for live appearances such as Live Aid in 1985, a 25th anniversary tour in 1989 and they resumed regular touring in 1999, with drummer Zak Starkey. After Entwistles death in 2002, plans for a new album were delayed, Townshend and Daltrey continued as the Who, releasing Endless Wire in 2006, and continued to play live regularly. They are cited as an influence by rock, punk rock and mod bands. The founding members of the Who, Roger Daltrey, Pete Townshend and John Entwistle, grew up in Acton, London and went to Acton County Grammar School. Townshend and Entwistle became friends in their year of Acton County. Both were interested in rock, and Townshend particularly admired Cliff Richards début single, Entwistle moved to guitar, but struggled with it due to his large fingers, and moved to bass on hearing the guitar work of Duane Eddy. He was unable to afford a bass and built one at home, after Acton County, Townshend attended Ealing Art College, a move he later described as profoundly influential on the course of the Who. Daltrey, who was in the year above, had moved to Acton from Shepherds Bush and he had trouble fitting in at the school, and discovered gangs and rock and roll
14.
Bob Dylan
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Bob Dylan is an American songwriter, singer, painter, and writer. He has been influential in music and culture for more than five decades. Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when his songs chronicled social unrest, early songs such as Blowin in the Wind and The Times They Are a-Changin became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement. Leaving behind his initial base in the American folk music revival, his six-minute single Like a Rolling Stone, recorded in 1965, Dylans lyrics incorporate a wide range of political, social, philosophical, and literary influences. They defied existing pop music conventions and appealed to the burgeoning counterculture, initially inspired by the performances of Little Richard and the songwriting of Woody Guthrie, Robert Johnson, and Hank Williams, Dylan has amplified and personalized musical genres. Dylan performs with guitar, keyboards, and harmonica, backed by a changing lineup of musicians, he has toured steadily since the late 1980s on what has been dubbed the Never Ending Tour. His accomplishments as a recording artist and performer have been central to his career, since 1994, Dylan has published seven books of drawings and paintings, and his work has been exhibited in major art galleries. As a musician, Dylan has sold more than 100 million records and he has also received numerous awards including eleven Grammy Awards, a Golden Globe Award, and an Academy Award. Dylan has been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, Minnesota Music Hall of Fame, Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame, and Songwriters Hall of Fame. The Pulitzer Prize jury in 2008 awarded him a citation for his profound impact on popular music and American culture. In May 2012, Dylan received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama, in 2016, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition. Bob Dylan was born Robert Allen Zimmerman in St. Marys Hospital on May 24,1941, in Duluth, Minnesota and he has a younger brother, David. Dylans paternal grandparents, Zigman and Anna Zimmerman, emigrated from Odessa, in the Russian Empire and his maternal grandparents, Ben and Florence Stone, were Lithuanian Jews who arrived in the United States in 1902. Dylans father, Abram Zimmerman – an electric-appliance shop owner – and mother, Beatrice Beatty Stone, were part of a small, close-knit Jewish community. They lived in Duluth until Robert was six, when his father had polio and the returned to his mothers hometown, Hibbing. In his early years he listened to the radio—first to blues and country stations from Shreveport, Louisiana, and later and he formed several bands while attending Hibbing High School. In the Golden Chords, he performed covers of songs by Little Richard and their performance of Danny & the Juniors Rock and Roll Is Here to Stay at their high school talent show was so loud that the principal cut the microphone. In 1959, his high school yearbook carried the caption Robert Zimmerman, the same year, as Elston Gunnn, he performed two dates with Bobby Vee, playing piano and clapping
15.
Jimi Hendrix
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James Marshall Jimi Hendrix was an American rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes him as arguably the greatest instrumentalist in the history of rock music, born in Seattle, Washington, Hendrix began playing guitar at the age of 15. In 1961, he enlisted in the U. S. Army and trained as a paratrooper in the 101st Airborne Division, within months, Hendrix had earned three UK top ten hits with the Jimi Hendrix Experience, Hey Joe, Purple Haze, and The Wind Cries Mary. Hendrix was inspired musically by American rock and roll and electric blues and he favored overdriven amplifiers with high volume and gain, and was instrumental in utilizing the previously undesirable sounds caused by guitar amplifier feedback. He helped to popularize the use of a pedal in mainstream rock. Holly George-Warren of Rolling Stone commented, Hendrix pioneered the use of the instrument as a sound source. Hendrix was the recipient of several awards during his lifetime. In 1967, readers of Melody Maker voted him the Pop Musician of the Year, disc and Music Echo honored him with the World Top Musician of 1969 and in 1970, Guitar Player named him the Rock Guitarist of the Year. The Jimi Hendrix Experience was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992, Jimi Hendrix was of African American descent. Both his mother Lucille and father Al were African Americans and his paternal grandmother, Zenora Nora Rose Moore, was African American and one-quarter Cherokee. On June 10,1919, Hendrix and Moore had a son they named James Allen Ross Hendrix, in 1941, Al met Lucille Jeter at a dance in Seattle, they married on March 31,1942. Al, who had been drafted by the U. S. Army to serve in World War II, Johnny Allen Hendrix was born on November 27,1942, in Seattle, he was the first of Lucilles five children. In 1946, Johnnys parents changed his name to James Marshall Hendrix, in honor of Al and he spent two months locked up without trial, and while in the stockade received a telegram announcing his sons birth. During Als three-year absence, Lucille struggled to raise their son, when Al was away, Hendrix was mostly cared for by family members and friends, especially Lucilles sister Delores Hall and her friend Dorothy Harding. Al received a discharge from the U. S. Army on September 1,1945. After returning from service, Al reunited with Lucille, but his inability to find steady work left the family impoverished and they both struggled with alcohol, and often fought when intoxicated. The violence sometimes drove Hendrix to withdraw and hide in a closet in their home and his relationship with his brother Leon was close but precarious, with Leon in and out of foster care, they lived with an almost constant threat of fraternal separation. In addition to Leon, Hendrix had three siblings, Joseph, born in 1949, Kathy in 1950, and Pamela,1951, all of whom Al and Lucille gave up to foster care
16.
Cactus (American band)
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Cactus is an American hard rock band, formed in 1969. In early 1970, Bogert and Appice brought in blues guitarist Jim McCarty from Mitch Ryders Detroit Wheels and The Buddy Miles Express, and singer Rusty Day from The Amboy Dukes. This line-up released three albums on Atco Records, Cactus, One Way. or Another, and Restrictions, Day was fired from the group shortly afterwards. After Cactuss dissolution in 1972, Bogert and Appice finally joined with Beck to form Beck, after one studio album, the self-titled Beck, Bogert & Appice and one live album, Beck, Bogert & Appice Live, the band dissolved. Their second album remains unreleased to this day, along with recordings of the bands last concert at the Rainbow Theatre in London on January 26,1974. Having made a name for himself in Detroits rock scene as a force to be reckoned with, Rusty Day worked to restore one of Detroits most legendary bands, The Band Detroit, to the national stage. The Band Detroit was formed as an offshoot of The Detroit Wheels by members Steve Gaines, Ted T-Mel Smith, Nathaniel Peterson, Terry Emery, Bill Hodgeson, the bands initial flame burned out quickly due to many different issues going on at once. Theres a recording of Rusty Day, Steve Gaines, and the rest of the band performing in 1973 called The Band Detroit - The Driftwood Tapes. The New Cactus Band, led by Duane Hitchings, released one album, Son of Cactus, mike Pinera, formerly of Blues Image and Iron Butterfly, came in on guitar, along with Roland Robinson on bass and Jerry Norris on drums. The band then toured live in the Midwest and on the East Coast in mid 1973 with Captain Beyond drummer Bobby Caldwell, the New Cactus Band soon disbanded. Their sole album peaked at #183 on the Billboard Top 200 Albums chart, in 1976, Rusty Day formed another version of Cactus in Longwood, Florida, where he had relocated. This version of Cactus featured Steve Kahoutek Dansby on guitar, John Soybean Slim Sauter on bass guitar and this was the longest lasting 1970s line-up of the band, which ended around 1979. On June 3,1982, Rusty Day was murdered at his own house in Longwood and he and his son were shot to death by an unknown gang of drug dealers. The case has never solved and remains open. After a long hiatus, Cactus re-emerged in June 2006 with two appearances in New York City, an appearance on The Radiochick Show, and their first show since 1972 at B. B. Kings Blues Club in Times Square on June 3 and this show was a warm up for the gig which sparked the reunion, an appearance at the Sweden Rock Festival in Norje, Sweden on June 9. The 2006 version of Cactus saw original members Appice, Bogert, Randy Pratt joined the band in New York and Sweden on harmonica. The group also released a new album, Cactus V, in 2008, McCarty left the band again and, coincidentally repeating history, was once again replaced by Werner Fritzchings
17.
Chicago (band)
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Chicago is an American rock band formed in 1967 in Chicago, Illinois. The self-described rock and roll band with horns began as a charged, sometimes experimental, rock band and later moved to a predominantly softer sound. The group had a stream of hits throughout the 1970s and 1980s. Chicago is one of the longest-running and most successful rock groups, according to Billboard, Chicago was the leading U. S. singles charting group during the 1970s. They have sold over 40 million units in the U. S. with 23 gold,18 platinum, over the course of their career they have had five number-one albums and 21 top-ten singles. They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on April 8,2016 at Barclays Center in Brooklyn, New York. Original band members Peter Cetera, Robert Lamm, and James Pankow are among the 2017 Songwriters Hall of Fame inductees for their efforts as members of the music group. Parazaider, Kath, Seraphine, Pankow and Loughnane met in 1967 while students at DePaul University, Lamm was recruited from Roosevelt University. The group of six called themselves The Big Thing, and continued playing top 40 hits, while gaining some success as a cover band, the group began working on original songs. In June 1968, at manager James William Guercios request, The Big Thing moved to Los Angeles, California, the band changed its name to Chicago Transit Authority. It was while performing on a basis at the Whisky a Go Go nightclub in West Hollywood that the band got exposure to more famous musical artists of the time. Subsequently, they were the act for Janis Joplin and Jimi Hendrix. As related to William James Ruhlmann by Walt Parazaider, Jimi Hendrix once told Parazaider, Jeez, your horn players are one set of lungs. Their first record, the eponymous Chicago Transit Authority, is a double album and it sold over one million copies by 1970, and was awarded a platinum disc. The album included a number of pop-rock songs – Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is, beginnings, Questions 67 and 68, and Im a Man – which were later released as singles. After the release of their first album, the name was shortened to Chicago to avoid legal action being threatened by the actual mass-transit company of the same name. The band released an album, titled Chicago, which is another double-LP. The albums centerpiece track is a seven-part, 13-minute suite composed by Pankow called Ballet for a Girl in Buchannon, the suite yielded two top ten hits, Make Me Smile and Colour My World, both sung by Kath
18.
The Doors
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The Doors were an American rock band formed in 1965 in Los Angeles, with vocalist Jim Morrison, keyboardist Ray Manzarek, guitarist Robby Krieger, and drummer John Densmore. They were unique and among the most controversial and influential acts of the 1960s, mostly because of Morrisons lyrics and charismatic. After Morrisons death in 1971 at age 27, the members continued as a trio until disbanding in 1973. Signing with Elektra Records in 1966, The Doors released eight albums between 1967 and 1971, All but one hit the Top 10 on the Billboard 200 and went platinum or better. By the end of 1971, it was reported that The Doors had sold 4,190,457 albums domestically and 7,750,642 singles. The band had three million-selling singles in the U. S. with Light My Fire, Hello, I Love You, after Morrisons death in 1971, the surviving trio released two albums Other Voices and Full Circle with Manzarek and Krieger sharing lead vocals. The three members also collaborated on the spoken word recording of Morrisons An American Prayer in 1978, Manzarek, Krieger and Densmore reunited in 2000 for an episode of VH1s Storytellers and subsequently recorded Stoned Immaculate, The Music of The Doors with a variety of vocalists. Although the Doors active career ended in 1973, their popularity has persisted, According to the RIAA, they have sold 33 million certified units in the US and over 100 million records worldwide, making them one of the best-selling bands of all time. The Doors have been listed as one of the greatest artists of all time by many magazines, including Rolling Stone, the Doors were the first American band to accumulate eight consecutive gold and platinum LPs. In 2002, Manzarek and Krieger started playing again, branding themselves as the Doors of the 21st Century. Densmore opted to sit out and, along with the Morrison estate, sued the duo over proper use of the bands name and won. After a short time as Riders On the Storm, they settled on the name Manzarek-Krieger and continued to tour until Manzareks death in 2013 at the age of 74. Three of the studio albums, the self-titled debut, L. A. Woman, and Strange Days, were featured in Rolling Stones 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, at positions 42,362. According to The Washington Posts Martin Weil, the rose to the center of the counterculture of the 1960s. The Doors were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1993, Morrison told Manzarek he had been writing songs and with Manzareks encouragement sang Moonlight Drive. The members came from a musical background of jazz, rock, blues. In August, Densmore joined the group, which had renamed the Doors. This has circulated widely since then as a bootleg recording, in mid-1965, after Manzareks two brothers left, the group recruited guitarist Robby Krieger and the best-known lineup – Morrison, Manzarek, Krieger and Densmore – was complete
19.
Miles Davis
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Miles Dewey Davis III was an American jazz trumpeter, bandleader, and composer. He is among the most influential and acclaimed figures in the history of jazz, with his ever-changing directions in music, Davis was at the forefront of a number of major stylistic developments in jazz over his five-decade career. In the early 1950s, Davis recorded some of the earliest hard bop music while on Prestige Records, after a widely acclaimed comeback performance at the Newport Jazz Festival in 1955, he signed a long-term contract with Columbia Records and recorded the 1957 album Round About Midnight. It was his first work with saxophonist John Coltrane and bassist Paul Chambers and his million-selling 1970 record Bitches Brew helped spark a resurgence in the genres commercial popularity with jazz fusion as the decade progressed. In 2006, Davis was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, Miles Dewey Davis III was born on May 26,1926 into an affluent middle class African-American family in Alton, Illinois,15 miles north of St. Louis. The second of three children, he had a sister, Dorothy Mae, and a younger brother. His father, Miles Dewey Davis II of Arkansas, was a dental surgeon who earned three college degrees, and his mother Cleota Mae Davis, also of Arkansas, was a music teacher. They owned a 200-acre estate near Pine Bluff, Arkansas where Davis and his siblings would ride horses, fish, and hunt. In 1927, the moved to East St. Louis, Illinois. From 1932 to 1934, Davis attended John Robinson Elementary School, an institution, followed by Crispus Attucks School where he performed well in mathematics, music. It was in East St. Louis and Pine Bluff that the young Davis developed his earliest appreciation for music, Davis later suggested that his fathers instrument choice was made largely to irk his wife, who disliked the trumpets sound. Against the fashion of the time, Buchanan stressed the importance of playing without vibrato, Davis would carry his clear signature tone throughout his career. He once remarked on its importance to him, saying, I prefer a round sound with no attitude in it, like a voice with not too much tremolo. If I cant get that sound I cant play anything, in 1939, the family moved to 1701 Kansas Avenue in East St. Louis. For his 13th birthday held that year, Davis father bought his son a new trumpet, around this time, Davis took additional trumpet lessons from Joseph Gustat, first chair of the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra. In 1941, the 15-year-old Davis began at East St. Louis Lincoln High School where he joined the marching band directed by Buchanan. Davis claimed the contests he did not win was largely down to prejudice over his race and it was at Lincoln High where Davis met his first girlfriend, Irene Cawthorn. Davis had formed his own group by this time, performing in local venues such as Huffs Beer Garden with hits such as In the Mood by Glenn Miller
20.
Joan Baez
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Joan Chandos Baez is an American folk singer, songwriter, musician, and activist whose contemporary folk music often includes songs of protest or social justice. Baez has performed publicly for over 55 years, releasing over 30 albums, fluent in Spanish and English, she has recorded songs in at least six other languages. She is regarded as a singer, although her music has diversified since the counterculture days of the 1960s and now encompasses everything from folk rock and pop to country. In recent years, she has found success interpreting songs of modern songwriters such as Ryan Adams, Josh Ritter, Steve Earle and her recordings include many topical songs and material dealing with social issues. She began her career in 1960 and achieved immediate success. Her first three albums, Joan Baez, Joan Baez, Vol.2, and Joan Baez in Concert all achieved gold status and stayed on the Billboard. Songs of acclaim include Diamonds & Rust and covers of Phil Ochss There but for Fortune and she is also known for Farewell, Angelina, Love Is Just a Four-Letter Word, Forever Young, Joe Hill, Sweet Sir Galahad and We Shall Overcome. Baez will be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on April 7,2017, Baez was born on Staten Island, New York, on January 9,1941. Joans grandfather, the Reverend Alberto Baez, left Catholicism to become a Methodist minister and her father, Albert Baez, was born in Puebla, Mexico and grew up in Brooklyn, New York, where his father preached to—and advocated for—a Spanish-speaking congregation. Albert first considered becoming a minister but instead he turned to the study of mathematics and physics, Albert was later credited as a co-inventor of the x-ray microscope. Baez, is a mathematical physicist, whom Albert interested in physics as a child, born in April 1913, she died on April 20,2013, days after her one hundredth birthday. Baez had two sisters — the elder, Pauline Thalia Baez Bryan, and the younger, Mimi Fariña, Mimi, also a musician and activist, died of cancer in California in 2001. The Baez family converted to Quakerism during Joans early childhood, and she has continued to identify with the tradition, particularly in her commitment to pacifism, while growing up, Baez was subjected to racial slurs and discrimination due to her Mexican heritage. Consequently, she became involved with a variety of social causes early in her career and she declined to play in any venues that were segregated, which meant that when she toured the Southern states she would play only at black colleges. Joan graduated from Palo Alto High School in 1958, Joan Baez became involved with a variety of social causes early in her career, including civil rights and non-violence. Social justice, she stated in the PBS series American Masters, is the core of her life. The opening line of Baezs memoir And a Voice to Sing With is I was born gifted, a friend of Joans father gave her a ukulele. She learned four chords, which enabled her to play rhythm and blues and her parents, however, were fearful that the music would lead her into a life of drug addiction
21.
Joni Mitchell
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Roberta Joan Joni Mitchell, CC is a Canadian singer-songwriter and painter. Drawing from folk, pop, rock and jazz, Mitchells songs often reflect social and environmental ideals as well as her feelings about romance, confusion, disillusionment, Mitchell began singing in small nightclubs in Saskatchewan and western Canada before busking in the streets and shoddy nightclubs of Toronto. In 1965, she moved to the United States and began touring, some of her original songs were covered by folk singers, allowing her to sign with Reprise Records and record her debut album in 1968. Settling in Southern California, Mitchell, with songs like Big Yellow Taxi and Woodstock, helped define an era. Her 1971 recording Blue was rated the 30th best album made in Rolling Stones list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. Mitchell switched labels and began moving toward jazz rhythms by way of lush pop textures on 1974s Court and Spark, her best-selling LP, featuring the radio hits Help Me, around 1975 her vocal range began to shift from mezzo-soprano to more of a wide-ranging contralto. She turned again toward pop, embraced electronic music, and engaged in political protest and she is the sole producer credited on most of her albums, including all her work in the 1970s. A blunt critic of the industry, she quit touring and released her 17th. With roots in art, Mitchell designed her own album covers. She describes herself as a painter derailed by circumstance, Mitchell was born Roberta Joan Anderson on November 7,1943, in Fort Macleod, Alberta, Canada, the daughter of Myrtle Marguerite and William Andrew Anderson. Her mothers ancestors were Scottish and Irish, her father was from a Norwegian family and her father was a Royal Canadian Air Force flight lieutenant who instructed new pilots at RCAF Station Fort Macleod, where the Allied forces were gathering to learn to fly during World War II. During those years, she moved with her parents to various bases in western Canada, after the war, her father began working as a grocer, and his work took the family to Saskatchewan, to the towns of Maidstone and North Battleford. She later sang about her upbringing in Song for Sharon. In Maidstone they lived beside the track, where Mitchell waved at the only train that passed through each day. Many of the residents were First Nations people. Mitchell seemed athletic rather than academic, but still responded to her mothers love of literature and her fathers love of music, at age nine, Mitchell contracted polio in an epidemic, and was hospitalised for weeks. No longer athletic, she turned her thoughts to her creative talent, by nine, she was a smoker, she denies claims that smoking has affected her voice. At 11, she moved with her family to the city of Saskatoon and she responded badly to formal education, preferring a freethinking outlook, and was drawn to art, a pursuit often regarded as peripheral at the time
22.
Jethro Tull (band)
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Jethro Tull were a British rock group, formed in Luton, Bedfordshire, on December 20,1967. Initially playing blues rock, the band developed its sound to incorporate elements of British folk music. The group first achieved success in 1969, with the folk-tinged blues album Stand Up, which reached No.1 in the UK charts, and they toured regularly in the UK. Jethro Tull have sold over 60 million albums worldwide, with 11 gold and they have been described by Rolling Stone as one of the most commercially successful and eccentric progressive rock bands. The last works as a group to new material were released in 2003. In April 2014, as he was concentrating on his solo career, however, in March 2017, Anderson released Jethro Tull - The String Quartets, an album of reimagined Tull songs, recorded with The Carducci String Quartet. Ian Anderson, Jeffrey Hammond and John Evan, who would become members of Jethro Tull, Anderson was born in Dunfermline, Scotland and grew up in Edinburgh before moving to Blackpool in January 1960. Evans had become a fan of the Beatles after seeing them play Love Me Do on Granada Televisions Scene at 6,30, though he was an accomplished pianist, he decided to take up the drums, as it was an instrument featured in the Beatles line-up. Anderson had acquired a Spanish guitar and taught himself how to play it, the pair recruited Hammond on bass, who brought along his collection of blues records to listen to. By 1964 the band had recruited guitarist Chris Riley and developed into a six-piece blue-eyed soul band called the John Evan Band, evans had shortened his surname to Evan at the insistence of Hammond, who thought it sounded better and more unusual. The group recruited Johnny Taylor as an agent and played gigs further afield around northwest England, playing a mixture of blues. Hammond subsequently quit the band to go to art school and he was briefly replaced by Derek Ward, then by Glenn Cornick. Riley also quit and was replaced by Neil Smith, the group recorded three songs at Regent Sound Studios in Denmark Street, London in April 1967, and appeared at The Marquee club in June. In November 1967, the moved to the London area. Anderson, Abrahams and Cornick decided to stay together, recruiting Abrahams friend Clive Bunker on drums, Cornick recalled that although Evan left, the band said he was welcome to rejoin at a later date. As the only member not having nearby family, Anderson lived in a bed-sit on the verge of starvation, Anderson recalled looking at a poster at a club and concluding that the band name he didnt recognise was his. Band names were supplied by their booking agents staff, one of whom. The name stuck because they happened to be using it the first time a club manager liked their show enough to them to return
23.
Sly and the Family Stone
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Sly and the Family Stone was an American band from San Francisco. Active from 1966 to 1983, the band was pivotal in the development of funk, soul, rock, the band was the first major American rock group to have an integrated, multi-gender lineup. Formed in 1966, the groups music synthesized a variety of musical genres to help pioneer the emerging psychedelic soul sound. In the 1970s, the band transitioned into a darker and less commercial sound on releases such as Theres a Riot Goin On and Fresh. The work of Sly and the Family Stone greatly influenced the sound of subsequent American funk, pop, soul, R&B, and hip hop music. In 2010, they were ranked 43rd in Rolling Stone list of The 100 Greatest Artists of All-Time, the band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1993. Sly Stone was a member of a deeply religious middle-class household from Dallas, Texas, K. C. and Alpha Stewart held the family together under the doctrines of the Church of God in Christ and encouraged musical expression in the household. While attending high school, Sylvester and Freddie joined student bands, One of Sylvesters high school musical groups was a doo-wop act called The Viscaynes, in which he and a Filipino teenager were the only non-white members. The Viscaynes released a few singles, and Sylvester recorded several solo singles under the name Danny Stewart. By 1964, Sylvester had become Sly Stone and a jockey for San Francisco R&B radio station KSOL. During the same period, he worked as a producer for Autumn Records, producing for San Francisco-area bands such as The Beau Brummels. One of the Sylvester Stewart-produced Autumn singles, Bobby Freemans Cmon, Stewart recorded unsuccessful solo singles while at Autumn. In 1966, Sly Stone formed a band called Sly & the Stoners, around the same time, Freddie founded a band called Freddie & the Stone Souls, which included Gregg Errico on drums, and Ronnie Crawford on saxophone. At the suggestion of Stones friend, saxophonist Jerry Martini, Sly and Freddie combined their bands, creating Sly and the Family Stone in November 1966. At first the group was called Sly Brothers and Sisters but after their first gig at the Winchester Cathedral in Redwood City they changed the name to Sly & the Family Stone. Since both Sly and Freddie were guitarists, Sly appointed Freddie the official guitarist for the Family Stone, meanwhile, Sly recruited Larry Graham to play bass guitar. Vanetta Stewart wanted to join the band as well and she and her friends, Mary McCreary and Elva Mouton, had a gospel group called The Heavenly Tones. Sly recruited the teenagers directly out of school to become Little Sister, Sly
24.
Ten Years After
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Ten Years After are an English blues rock band, most popular in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Between 1968 and 1973, Ten Years After scored eight Top 40 albums on the UK Albums Chart. In addition they had twelve albums enter the US Billboard 200 and their musical style consisted of blues rock, and hard rock. The bands core formed in late 1960 as Ivan Jay and the Jaycats, after several years of local success in the Nottingham/Mansfield area, known since 1962 as the Jaybirds and later as Ivan Jay and the Jaymen, Alvin Lee and Leo Lyons founded Ten Years After. Ivan Jay sang lead vocals from late 1960 to 1962 and was joined by Ric Lee in August 1965, replacing drummer Dave Quickmire, ray Cooper played rhythm guitar, vocals from 1960 to 1962. In 1966, The Jaybirds moved to London to back The Ivy League, in the same year, Chick Churchill joined the group as keyboard player. That November, the signed a manager, Chris Wright. Using the name Blues Yard they played one show at the Marquee Club supporting the Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band and they again changed their name, to Ten Years After – in honour of Elvis Presley, an idol of Lees. Some sources claim that the name was pulled by Leo Lyons from a magazine, advertising a book, the group was the first act booked by the soon-to-be Chrysalis Agency. It secured a residency at the Marquee, and was invited to play at the Windsor Jazz Festival in 1967 and that performance led to a contract with Deram, a subsidiary of Decca — the first band Deram signed without a hit single. In October 1967 they released the debut album, Ten Years After. In 1968, after touring Scandinavia and the United States, Ten Years After released a second album and they followed this in February 1969 by the studio issue Stonedhenge, a British hit that included another well-known track, Hear Me Calling. In July 1969, the group appeared at the Newport Jazz Festival, between 26–27 July 1969, they appeared at the Seattle Pop Festival held at Gold Creek Park. In 1970, Ten Years After released Love Like a Man, the only hit in the UK Singles Chart. It was the first record issued with a different playing speed on each side, an edit at 45rpm. This song was on the fifth album, Cricklewood Green. In August 1970, Ten Years After played the Strawberry Fields Festival near Toronto, in 1971, the band switched labels to Columbia Records and released the hit album A Space in Time, which marked a move toward more commercial material. It featured the groups biggest hit, Id Love to Change the World, in late 1972, the group issued their second Columbia album Rock & Roll Music to the World and, in 1973, the live double album Ten Years After Recorded Live
25.
Emerson, Lake & Palmer
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Emerson, Lake & Palmer were an English progressive rock supergroup formed in London in 1970. The band consisted of keyboardist Keith Emerson, singer, bassist, and producer Greg Lake, after forming in early 1970, the band came to prominence following their performance at the Isle of Wight Festival in August 1970. In their first year, the signed with Atlantic Records and released Emerson, Lake & Palmer and Tarkus. The bands success continued with Pictures at an Exhibition, Trilogy, after a three-year break, Emerson, Lake & Palmer released Works Volume 1 and Works Volume 2 which began their decline in popularity. After Love Beach, the disbanded in 1979. The band reformed partially in the 1980s with Emerson, Lake & Powell featuring Cozy Powell in place of Palmer, Robert Berry then replaced Lake, forming 3. In 1991, the trio reformed and released two more albums, Black Moon and In the Hot Seat, and toured at various times between 1992 and 1998. Their final performance took place in 2010 at the High Voltage Festival in London to commemorate the bands 40th anniversary, both Emerson and Lake died in 2016, leaving Palmer as the only surviving member of the band. Keith Emerson and Greg Lake met in December 1969 when Emersons then band The Nice, Emerson was looking to form a new band, and Lake wished to leave King Crimson. During a soundcheck before one of the shows, Emerson described the first time he and Lake played together, Greg was moving a line and I played the piano in back. The pair had met twice before in England in 1969 when the Nice and King Crimson performed at the Jazz and Blues Pop Festival in Plumpton and Fairfield Halls in Croydon. When Emerson and Lake decided to form a new group, they initially approached drummer Mitch Mitchell who was at an end following the break-up of The Jimi Hendrix Experience. The two then hired a studio by Soho Square and began to audition new drummers and he soon received a call from Lakes management asking to reconsider, after several weeks of further sessions, Palmer agreed to join. He bought a copy of the score, and Lake and Palmer agreed to adapt it and their first live gig as Emerson, Lake & Palmer followed at Plymouth Guildhall on 23 August 1970, supported by local band Earth. They travelled to the venue in a transit van previously owned by progressive rock band Yes. A small venue situated outside London was deliberately chosen in case the concert was a failure, but the concert was well received. Their second gig took place on 29 August with a set at the Isle of Wight Festival which was attended by an estimated 600,000 people and drew considerable attention from the public and music press. At the end of Pictures at an Exhibition, the band fired two cannons that Emerson had tested in a field near Heathrow Airport, Emerson believed that Ertegun agreed to take the band on because we could sell out 20, 000-seaters before we even had a record out
26.
Free (band)
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Free was an English rock band formed in London in 1968, best known for their 1970 signature song All Right Now. They disbanded in 1973 and lead singer Paul Rodgers went on to become a frontman of the band Bad Company along with Simon Kirke on drums, lead guitarist Paul Kossoff formed Back Street Crawler and died from a pulmonary embolism at the age of 25 in 1976. The band was famed for its live shows and nonstop touring. However, early albums did not sell very well – until the release of Fire. The song helped them a place at the Isle of Wight Festival 1970 where they played to 600,000 people. All Right Now, remains a staple, and had been entered into ASCAPs One Million airplay singles club. Rolling Stone has referred to the band as British hard rock pioneers, the magazine ranked Rodgers No.55 in its list of the 100 Greatest Singers of All Time, while Kossoff was ranked No.51 in its list of the 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time. Free was signed to Island Records in the UK and A&M Records in North America, both labels became part of the PolyGram group in 1989, then Universal Music Group in 1998, UMG now controls the bands catalogue worldwide. Bass player Andy Fraser was 15 years old, lead guitarist Paul Kossoff was 17, Paul Kossoff and Simon Kirke first became friends in the R&B band Black Cat Bones, but they wanted to move on. Paul Kossoff saw vocalist Paul Rodgers singing with Brown Sugar while visiting the Fickle Pickle and he was immediately impressed and asked if he could jam with Rodgers onstage. Along with Kirke, they began the search for a fourth member, alexis Korner recommended Andy Fraser to the band, at the age of 15, Fraser had already been playing with John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers. Korner also provided the name Free to the newly formed band, the album reached No.2 in the UK charts and No.17 on the U. S charts, making it the most successful Free album. All Right Now became a No, highway was their fourth studio album, recorded extremely quickly in September 1970. Highway performed poorly in the charts, reaching No.41 in the UK, in 1971, due to differences between singer Paul Rodgers and bassist Andy Fraser, the drug problems of guitarist Paul Kossoff, and inconsistent record sales, the band broke up. This led to the release of the album called Free Live. Early in 1972 the band set aside their differences and reformed in an effort to save Kossoff from his drug addiction. But all was not well with the band, bassist Andy Fraser left the band in mid-1972 due to Paul Kossoffs unreliability in being able to perform at shows or even showing up. Kossoff was replaced by Wendell Richardson in 1973, but shortly thereafter Free disbanded, with Rodgers, Fraser went on to form the band Sharks and later The Andy Fraser Band, and Kossoff formed the band Back Street Crawler
27.
Public address system
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Simple PA systems are often used in small venues such as school auditoriums, churches, and small bars. Intercom systems, installed in buildings, have both speakers throughout a building, and microphones in many rooms allowing the occupants to respond to announcements. Sound reinforcement systems and PA systems may use some similar components, Sound reinforcement systems are for live music or performance, whereas PA systems are primarily for reproduction of speech. A short time later the Automatic Enunciator Company was established in Chicago in order to market the new device, in August 1912 a large outdoor installation was made at a water carnival held in Chicago by the Associated Yacht and Power Boat Clubs of America. Seventy-two loudspeakers were strung in pairs at intervals along the docks. The system was used to announce race reports and descriptions, carry a series of speeches about The Chicago Plan, and provide music between races. Four years later, in 1915, they built a dynamic loudspeaker with a 1-inch voice coil, a 3-inch corrugated diaphragm, the electromagnet created a flux field of approximately 11,000 G. Their first experiment used a carbon microphone, when the 12 V battery was connected to the system, they experienced one of the first examples of acoustic feedback. They then placed the loudspeaker on the roof, and claims say that the amplified human voice could be heard 1 mile away. Jensen and Pridham refined the system and connected a phonograph to the loudspeaker to be able to broadcast recorded music and this demonstration was official presentation of the working system, and approximately 100,000 people gathered to hear Christmas music and speeches with absolute distinctness. The first outside broadcast was one week later, again supervised by Jensen. Jensen oversaw the governor using the microphone while Pridham operated the loudspeaker, the following year, Jensen and Pridham applied for a patent for what they called their Sound Magnifying Phonograph. Over the next two years developed their first valve amplifier. In 1919 this was standardized as a 3-stage 25 watt amplifier, wilsons speech was part of his nationwide tour to promote the establishment of the League of Nations. It was held on September 9,1919 at City Stadium, as with the San Francisco installation, Jensen supervised the microphone and Pridham the loudspeakers. Wilson spoke into two large horns mounted on his platform which channelled his voice into the microphone, similar systems were used in the following years by Warren G. Harding and Franklin D. Roosevelt. By the early 1920s, Marconi had established a department dedicated to public address, in 1925, George V used such a system at the British Empire Exhibition, addressing 90,000 via six long-range loudspeakers. This public use of loudspeakers brought attention to the possibilities of such technology, the 1925 Royal Air Force Pageant at Hendon Aerodrome used a Marconi system to allow the announcer to address the crowds, as well as amplify the band
28.
Yacht
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A yacht /ˈjɒt/ is a recreational boat or ship. In modern use of the term, yachts differ from working ships mainly by their leisure purpose, there are two different classes of yachts, sailing and power boats. With the rise of the steamboat and other types of powerboat, sailing vessels in general came to be perceived as luxury, later the term came to encompass large motor boats for primarily private pleasure purposes as well. Yacht lengths normally range from 10 metres up to dozens of meters, a luxury craft smaller than 12 metres is more commonly called a cabin cruiser or simply a cruiser. A superyacht generally refers to any yacht above 24 m and a megayacht generally refers to any yacht over 50 metres and this size is small in relation to typical cruise liners and oil tankers. A few countries have a special flag worn by recreational boats or ships, although inspired by the national flag, the yacht ensign does not always correspond with the civil or merchant ensign of the state in question. Yacht ensigns differ from merchant ensigns in order to signal that the yacht is not carrying cargo that requires a customs declaration, carrying commercial cargo on a boat with a yacht ensign is deemed to be smuggling in many jurisdictions. Until the 1950s, almost all yachts were made of wood or steel, although wood hulls are still in production, the most common construction material is fibreglass, followed by aluminium, steel, carbon fibre, and ferrocement. The use of wood has changed and is no longer limited to traditional board-based methods, wood is mostly used by hobbyists or wooden boat purists when building an individual boat. Apart from materials like carbon fibre and aramid fibre, spruce veneers laminated with epoxy resins have the best weight-to-strength ratios of all boatbuilding materials. Sailing yachts can range in length from about 6 metres to well over 30 metres. Most privately owned yachts fall in the range of about 7 metres -14 metres, in the United States, sailors tend to refer to smaller yachts as sailboats, while referring to the general sport of sailing as yachting. Within the limited context of racing, a yacht is any sailing vessel taking part in a race. Many modern racing yachts have efficient sail-plans, most notably the Bermuda rig. This capability is the result of a sail-plan and hull design oriented towards this capability, day sailing yachts are usually small, at under 6 metres in length. Sometimes called sailing dinghies, they often have a keel, centreboard. Most day sailing yachts do not have a cabin, as they are designed for hourly or daily use and not for overnight journeys. They may have a cabin, where the front part of the hull has a raised solid roof to provide a place to store equipment or to offer shelter from wind or spray
29.
Hippie
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The word hippie came from hipster and was initially used to describe beatniks who had moved into New York Citys Greenwich Village and San Franciscos Haight-Ashbury district. The term hippie was first popularized in San Francisco by Herb Caen, the origins of the terms hip and hep are uncertain. By the 1940s, both had become part of African American jive slang and meant sophisticated, currently fashionable, fully up-to-date, the Beats adopted the term hip, and early hippies inherited the language and countercultural values of the Beat Generation. In the United Kingdom in 1970, many gathered at the gigantic Isle of Wight Festival with a crowd of around 400,000 people, in later years, mobile peace convoys of New Age travelers made summer pilgrimages to free music festivals at Stonehenge and elsewhere. In Australia, hippies gathered at Nimbin for the 1973 Aquarius Festival, piedra Roja Festival, a major hippie event in Chile, was held in 1970. Hippie fashion and values had an effect on culture, influencing popular music, television, film, literature. Since the 1960s, many aspects of culture have been assimilated by mainstream society. The religious and cultural diversity espoused by the hippies has gained widespread acceptance, lexicographer Jesse Sheidlower, the principal American editor of the Oxford English Dictionary, argues that the terms hipster and hippie derive from the word hip, whose origins are unknown. The term hipster was coined by Harry Gibson in 1944, by the 1940s, the terms hip, hep and hepcat were popular in Harlem jazz slang, although hep eventually came to denote an inferior status to hip. In Greenwich Village in the early 1960s, New York City, young counterculture advocates were named hips because they were considered in the know or cool, as opposed to being square. In the April 27,1961 issue of The Village Voice, An open letter to JFK & Fidel Castro, Norman Mailer utilizes the term hippies, in questioning JFKs behavior. In a 1961 essay, Kenneth Rexroth used both the hipster and hippies to refer to young people participating in black American or Beatnik nightlife. According to Malcolm Xs 1964 autobiography, the hippie in 1940s Harlem had been used to describe a specific type of white man who acted more Negro than Negroes. Andrew Loog Oldham refers to all the Chicago hippies, seemingly in reference to black musicians, in his rear sleeve notes to the 1965 LP The Rolling Stones. The word hippie was also used in reference to Philadelphia in at least two songs in 1963, South Street by The Orlons, and You Cant Sit Down by The Dovells. In both songs, the term is applied to residents of Philadelphias South Street, in that article, Fallon wrote about the Blue Unicorn Cafe, using the term hippie to refer to the new generation of beatniks who had moved from North Beach into the Haight-Ashbury district. New York Times editor and usage writer Theodore M. Bernstein said the paper changed the spelling from hippy to hippie to avoid the ambiguous description of clothing as hippy fashions. Even the counterculture of the Ancient Greeks, espoused by philosophers like Diogenes of Sinope and the Cynics were also early forms of hippie culture
30.
Progressive rock
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Progressive rock is a broad subgenre of rock music that developed in the United Kingdom and United States throughout the mid to late 1960s. Prog is based on fusions of styles, approaches and genres, Prog saw a high level of popularity in the early-to-mid 1970s, but faded soon after. Conventional wisdom holds that the rise of rock caused this. Music critics, who labelled the concepts as pretentious and the sounds as pompous and overblown. Early groups who exhibited progressive features are described as proto-prog. In 1967, progressive rock constituted a diversity of loosely associated style codes, the Canterbury scene, originating in the late 1960s, denoted a subset of prog bands who emphasised the use of wind instruments, complex chord changes and long improvisations. Rock in Opposition, from the late 1970s, was more avant-garde, in the 1980s, a new subgenre, neo-progressive rock, enjoyed some commercial success, although it was also accused of being derivative and lacking in innovation. Post-progressive draws upon newer developments in music and the avant-garde since the mid 1970s. The term progressive rock is synonymous with art rock, classical rock, historically, art rock has been used to describe at least two related, but distinct, types of rock music. Similarities between the two terms are that they describe a mostly British attempt to elevate rock music to new levels of artistic credibility. However, art rock is likely to have experimental or avant-garde influences. Prog was devised in the 1990s as a term, but later became a transferable adjective. Although a unidirectional English progressive style emerged in the late 1960s, by 1967, critics of the genre often limit its scope to a stereotype of long solos, overlong albums, fantasy lyrics, grandiose stage sets and costumes, and an obsessive dedication to technical skill. Author Kevin Holm-Hudson believes that rock is a style far more diverse than what is heard from its mainstream groups. They each do so largely unconsciously, academic John S. Cotner contests Macans view that progressive rock cannot exist without the continuous and overt assimilation of classical music into rock. Debate about the criteria and scope of the genre continues in the 2010s. In early references to the music, progressive was partly related to progressive politics, Cotner also says that progressive rock incorporates both formal and eclectic elements, It consists of a combination of factors – some of them intramusical, others extramusical or social. One way of conceptualising rock and roll in relation to music is that progressive music pushed the genre into greater complexity while retracing the roots of romantic
31.
Andy Bown
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Andrew Steven Andy Bown is an English musician, who has specialised in keyboards and bass guitar. He is a member of the rock band Status Quo, bowns first major band was The Herd, along with Peter Frampton. After The Herd dissolved he spent two years with Judas Jump who were the act of the Isle of Wight Festival 1970. He played for Frampton in the 1970s then switching to bass briefly when Rick Wills departed the Peter Frampton band in early 1975, Bown himself left the Frampton entourage less than a year later, just as Frampton was on the verge of becoming a world-wide Rock sensation. Album in that year, performing on every album by the band from 1977s Rockin All Over the World onwards and he joined Status Quo as a full member in 1982, and has been with them ever since. Bown released a number of singles in the 1970s, including New York Satyricon Zany and Another Shipwreck and his most well-known song however was the theme tune to the childrens series Ace of Wands, Tarot. He also released five albums, the first of which, Gone to My Head was released in 1972 and his latest solo album Unfinished Business was released on 5 September 2011. It was recorded at State of the Ark Studios in Richmond and he was the bass player in the Surrogate Band during Pink Floyds The Wall tour in 1980 and 1981 and can be heard on the live album Is There Anybody Out There. He also did some keyboards for Pink Floyds The Final Cut album. in addition he played Hammond organ and 12-string guitar during the recording of Roger Waters solo album The Pros and Cons of Hitch Hiking in 1984, but did not take part in Waters subsequent tours. Bown uses a vintage Fender Telecaster, a Gibson Les Paul and he also uses custom Telecaster types and a Stratocaster-type made by J Davey Guitars, and sometimes uses Rick Parfitts custom-made Fender Telecaster Thinline Official website
32.
The Herd (British band)
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The Herd were a British pop rock group, founded in 1965, that came to prominence in the late 1960s. They launched the career of Peter Frampton and scored three UK top twenty hits, the Herd were founded in 1965 in south London, England. The group recorded three singles with the record label Parlophone. In 1966 three members in succession quit the group and the group got the line-up that made it famous, the singer, Peter Frampton, was 16 when he joined the group in 1966 and had just left school. The other members were a few years older, Parlophone did not want to go on with them, but Fontana was willing to give them a try. They also sent their manager Billy Gaff away and brought in the songwriters/producers Ken Howard and this pair had been largely responsible for a string of hits by Dave Dee, Dozy, Beaky, Mick & Tich. Howard and Blaikley orchestrated for them a unique blend of pop and it was a hit in other countries too. In the Netherlands the song reached Number 3, from the Underworld was followed by Paradise Lost, which made it up to Number 15 in 1968. Their greatest success came with I Dont Want Our Loving to Die, the Herd appeared at The Saville Theatre, London on Sunday 8 October 1967 supporting The Jimi Hendrix Experience. Also on the bill were The Crazy World of Arthur Brown, with his boyish photogenic looks, Frampton was dubbed The Face of ’68 by teen magazine Rave. The last months of 1968 were tempestuous times for the group, Steele left the group, to be replaced by Henry Spinetti. Most songs on their first and only album Paradise Lost were written by Peter Frampton and Andy Bown, just like their next single, Sunshine Cottage. Dissatisfied with mere teen idol status, and disappointed with the failure of Sunshine Cottage, Taylor, who became a disc jockey, and Steele, reunited briefly for a one-off single Youve Got Me Hangin From Your Lovin Tree in June 1971, to almost universal lack of interest. By the late 1970s, after a stint back with a pre-Frampton Comes Alive, Peter Frampton band from 1973-1975, Bown became a member of UK rockers Status Quo and both Taylor and Spinetti joined up with Gerry Rafferty. S. A short biography of The Herd A short autobiography of Peter Frampton Interview with Peter Frampton,2006 Text of From the Underworld Text of Paradise Lost The Herd at Harvey Lisberg
33.
Richie Havens
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Richard Pierce Havens, known professionally as Richie Havens, was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist. His music encompassed elements of folk, soul, and rhythm and he is best known for his intense and rhythmic guitar style, soulful covers of pop and folk songs, and his opening performance at the 1969 Woodstock Festival. Born in Brooklyn, Havens was the eldest of nine children and he was of Native American descent on his fathers side, and of the British West Indies on his mothers. His grandfather was Blackfoot of the Montana/South Dakota area, Havens grandfather and great-uncle joined Buffalo Bills Wild West Show, got off in New York City and ended up on the Shinnecock Reservation in Long Island. There he got married then moved to Brooklyn, as a youth in Bedford-Stuyvesant, Havens began organizing his neighborhood friends into street corner doo-wop groups and was performing with the McCrea Gospel Singers at age 16. At age 20, Havens left Brooklyn, seeking artistic stimulation in Greenwich Village, I saw the Village as a place to escape to, in order to express yourself, he recalled. I had first gone there during the Beatnik days of the 1950s to perform poetry and it took a while before I thought of picking up a guitar. Havens solo performances quickly spread beyond the Village folk circles, after cutting two records for Douglas Records, he signed on with Bob Dylans manager, Albert Grossman, and landed a record deal with the Verve Folkways label. Verve released Mixed Bag in late 1966, which featured such as Handsome Johnny, Follow. By 1969, Havens had released five more albums, something Else Again became his first album to hit the Billboard charts and also pulled Mixed Bag back onto the charts. Two of those albums were unauthorized exploitation albums released by Douglas Records, Electric Havens, Havens as a live performer earned widespread notice. His Woodstock appearance in 1969 catapulted him into stardom and was a turning point in his career. As the festivals first performer, he held the crowd for nearly three hours, in part, Havens was told to continue playing, because many artists scheduled to perform after him were delayed in reaching the festival location with highways at a virtual standstill. He was called back for several encores, the subsequent Woodstock movie release helped Havens reach a worldwide audience. He also appeared two weeks later at the Isle of Wight Festival in late August 1969, following the success of his Woodstock performance, Havens started his own record label, Stormy Forest, and released Stonehenge in 1970. Later that year came Alarm Clock, which included the George Harrison-penned hit single and this was Havens first album to reach Billboards Top 30 Chart. Stormy Forest went on to four more of his albums, The Great Blind Degree, Live On Stage, Portfolio. Memorable television appearances included performances on The Ed Sullivan Show and The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, on the latter program, the audience reacted with such enthusiasm that when the applause continued even after the commercial break, Carson asked Havens to return the following night
34.
David Bromberg
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David Bromberg is an American multi-instrumentalist, singer, and songwriter. An eclectic artist, Bromberg plays bluegrass, blues, folk, jazz, country and western and he is known for his quirky, humorous lyrics, and the ability to play rhythm and lead guitar at the same time. Bromberg has played with famous musicians, including Jerry Jeff Walker, Willie Nelson, Jorma Kaukonen, Jerry Garcia, Rusty Evans. He co-wrote the song The Holdup with former Beatle George Harrison, in 2008, he was nominated for a Grammy Award. Bromberg is known for his style that he learned from Reverend Gary Davis. Bromberg was born in Philadelphia and raised Jewish in Tarrytown, New York and he attended Columbia University in the 1960s, studying guitar with Reverend Gary Davis during that period. Proficient on fiddle, many styles of acoustic and electric guitar, pedal steel guitar and dobro and his seven-minute rendition of Mr. Bojangles from 1972s Demon in Disguise, interspersed with tales about traveling with song author Jerry Jeff Walker, earned Bromberg progressive rock radio airplay. In 1973, he played mandolin, dobro, and electric guitar on Jonathan Edwards album Have a Good Time for Me, Bromberg released his first new studio album since 1990 with Try Me One More Time on February 27,2007, on Appleseed Recordings. The disc includes Dylans It Takes a Lot to Laugh, It Takes a Train to Cry, the album was nominated for a Grammy Award in the category of Best Traditional Folk Album at the 50th annual Grammy Awards in 2008. His 2011 album Use Me features guests Levon Helm, John Hiatt, Tim OBrien, Dr. John, Keb Mo, Los Lobos, Widespread Panic, Linda Ronstadt, and Vince Gill. He occasionally performs at Wilmingtons Grand Opera House, where he and his wife are major donors, David Bromberg has contributed musically to many albums by other musicians and bands. This is a partial list of those recordings, official website David Bromberg Fine Violins
35.
Redbone (band)
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Redbone is a Native American rock group originating in the 1970s with brothers Pat and Lolly Vegas. They reached the Top 5 on the U. S. Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1974 with their No.5 hit single, Come, the single went certified Gold selling over half a million copies. Redbone achieved hits with their singles We Were All Wounded At Wounded Knee, The Witch Queen of New Orleans, Wovoka, and Maggie in the United States, but predominantly overseas. Redbone is known and accredited in the NY Smithsonian as the first Native American rock/Cajun group to have a No.1 single in the United States and internationally. He won a contract and travel to create a career which he then put off to move to Los Angeles with his brother Lolly. The name Redbone itself is a Cajun term for a mixed-race person, the band referenced Cajun and New Orleans culture many times in their lyrics and performing style. Patrick and Lolly Vasquez-Vegas were a mixture of Yaqui, Shoshone, first as the Vegas Brothers, then later as the Crazy Cajun Cakewalk Band, they performed throughout the 1960s at venues on the Las Vegas Strip and appeared on Shindig. According to Pat Vegas, it was Jimi Hendrix–himself part Cherokee–who inspired the musicians to form an all-Native American rock group and they signed as the band Redbone to Epic Records in 1969. Hendrix also stated that Lolly Vegas was his guitar player, Pat his favorite bassist. The band then consisted of Pat Vegas, Lolly Vegas, Peter DePoe and Robert Anthony Avila and their debut album Redbone was released in 1970. Prior to forming Redbone, Pat and Lolly Vegas released an album in the mid-1960s entitled Pat & Lolly Vegas at the Haunted House, of the twelve songs on the album, six were originals by the Vasquez-Vegas brothers which gained them huge initial success. Pat and Lolly also appeared religiously on the 60s hit show Shindig. as reoccurring performers and they also released several singles from 1961 to the mid-1960s. One of them was titled Robot Walk / Dont You Remember, in 1967 P. J. Proby recorded his only Top 30 hit Niki Hoeky by Jim Ford, Lolly Vegas, and Pat Vegas. The next year, Bobbie Gentry performed the Cajun-influenced song on The Summer Smothers Brothers Show, Pat Vegas also wrote songs for legendary names like Aretha Franklin and had a helping hand in the Munsters TV show theme song collaborating with another English writer. Redbone played primarily rock music with R&B, Cajun, blue-eyed soul, funk, country, tribal, and Latin roots. Come and Get Your Love followed as a smash No.5 hit for Redbone, Redbone was also the opening act introducing the very first Earth Day to the world in Philadelphia along with Senator Muskie. Their opening song was Chant 13th Hour from the Potlatch album, redbones music was characterized by the Leslie rotating speaker effect that Lolly Vegas used for his electric guitar amplifier and a King Kong style of drumming developed by drummer Peter DePoe. The first self-titled album by Redbone was released as an album in North America
36.
Kris Kristofferson
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Kristoffer Kris Kristofferson is an American singer, songwriter, musician and actor. He wrote and recorded the songs Me and Bobby McGee, For the Good Times, Sunday Mornin Comin Down, Kristofferson composed his own songs and collaborated with Nashville songwriters such as Shel Silverstein. In 1985, Kristofferson joined fellow country artists Waylon Jennings, Willie Nelson, in 2004, Kristofferson was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame. He is also known for his roles in Alice Doesnt Live Here Anymore and A Star Is Born. Kristoffer Kristofferson was born in Brownsville, Texas, to Mary Ann and Lars Henry Kristofferson and his paternal grandparents emigrated from Sweden, while his mother had English, Scottish-Irish, German, Swiss-German and Dutch ancestry. Kristoffersons paternal grandfather was an officer in the Swedish Army, when Kristofferson was a child, his father pushed him towards a military career. At the age of 17, Kristofferson took a job with a dredging contractor on Wake Island. He called it the hardest job I ever had, like most military brats, Kristofferson moved around frequently as a youth, finally settling down in San Mateo, California, where he graduated from San Mateo High School. An aspiring writer, Kristofferson enrolled in Pomona College in 1954 and he experienced his first dose of fame when he appeared in Sports Illustrateds Faces in the Crowd for his achievements in collegiate rugby union, football, and track and field. He and his classmates revived the Claremont Colleges Rugby Club in 1958, Kristofferson became a member of Delta Kappa fraternity at Pomona College, graduating in 1958 with a Bachelor of Arts degree, summa cum laude, in literature. He was elected to Phi Beta Kappa his junior year, in a 2004 interview with Pomona College Magazine, Kristofferson mentioned philosophy professor Frederick Sontag as an important influence in his life. Kristofferson earned a Rhodes Scholarship to Oxford University, where he studied at Merton College, while at Oxford, he was awarded his Blue for boxing, played rugby for his college, and began writing songs. At Oxford, he was acquainted with fellow Rhodes scholar, art critic. With the help of his manager, Larry Parnes, Kristofferson recorded for Top Rank Records under the name Kris Carson and this early phase of his music career was unsuccessful. In 1960, Kristofferson graduated with a B. Phil in English literature, the following year he married his long-time girlfriend, Frances Mavia Beer. Kristofferson, under pressure from his family, ultimately joined the U. S. Army and he became a helicopter pilot after receiving flight training at Fort Rucker, Alabama. During the early 1960s, he was stationed in West Germany as a member of the 8th Infantry Division, during this time, he resumed his music career and formed a band. In 1965, when his tour of duty ended, Kristofferson was given an assignment to teach English literature at West Point, instead, he decided to leave the Army and pursue songwriting
37.
Sly Stone
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In 1993, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the group. The Stewart family was a deeply religious middle-class household from Denton, born March 15,1943, before the family had moved from Denton, Texas to Vallejo, California in the North Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area, Sylvester was the second of the familys five children. As part of the doctrines of the Church of God in Christ, to which the Stewart family belonged, the eldest sister, Loretta, was the only Stewart child not to pursue a musical career. All of the other Stewart children would later adopt the surname Stone, Sylvester was identified as a musical prodigy. By the time he was seven, Sylvester had already become proficient on the keyboards, and by the age of eleven, he had mastered the guitar, bass, and drums as well. While still in school, Sylvester had settled primarily on the guitar. One of these was the Viscaynes, a group in which Sylvester. The fact that the group was integrated made the Viscaynes hip in the eyes of their audiences, and would later inspire Sylvesters idea of the multicultural Family Stone. The Viscaynes released a few singles, including Yellow Moon and Stop What You Are, during the same period. With his brother, Fred, he formed several short-lived groups, the nickname Sly was a common one for Sylvester throughout his years in grade school. Early on, a classmate misspelled his name Slyvester, and ever since, adopting the stage name Sly Stone, he then formed The Stoners in 1966 which included Cynthia Robinson on trumpet. With her he started his band, Sly and the Family Stone. Stone, Robinson, and Fred Stewart were joined by Larry Graham, Greg Errico, working around the Bay Area in 1967, this multiracial band made a strong impression. On the first recordings Little Sisters Vet Stone, Mary McCreary, in 1968 sister Rosie Stone joined the band. Stone was influential in guiding KSOL-AM into soul music and started calling the station K-SOUL, the second was a popular soul music station, at 107.7 FM. The current KSOL has a different format and is unrelated to the two stations. Along with James Brown and Parliament-Funkadelic, Sly and the Family Stone were pioneers of late 1960s and their fusion of R&B rhythms, infectious melodies, and psychedelia created a new pop/soul/rock hybrid the impact of which has proven lasting and widespread. Motown producer Norman Whitfield, for example, patterned the labels forays into harder-driving, the pioneering precedent of Stones racial, sexual, and stylistic mix, had a major influence in the 1980s on artists such as Prince and Rick James
38.
Psychedelic rock
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Many psychedelic groups differ in style, and the label is often used indiscriminately. Musically, the effects may be represented via novelty studio tricks, electronic or non-Western instrumentation, disjunctive song structures, some of the earlier 1960s psychedelic rock musicians were based in folk, jazz, and the blues, while others showcased an explicit Indian classical influence called raga rock. In the 1960s, there existed two main variants of the genre, the whimsical British pop-psychedelia, and the harder American West Coast acid rock. While acid rock is often deployed interchangeably with the psychedelic rock, it can also refer more specifically to the heavier. The genre bridged the transition from early blues- and folk-based rock to rock and hard rock. Since the late 1970s it has revived in various forms of neo-psychedelia. The term psychedelic was first coined in 1956 by psychiatrist Humphry Osmond as a descriptor for hallucinogenic drugs in the context of psychedelic psychotherapy. As the countercultural scene developed in San Francisco, the acid rock. In the popular music of the early 1960s, it was common for producers, songwriters, and engineers to freely experiment with form, arrangements, unnatural reverb. Some of the best known examples are Phil Spectors Wall of Sound production formula, there was no transition to be made. You go from things like Flying Purple People Eater to I Am the Walrus, music critic Richie Unterberger says that attempts to pin down the first psychedelic record are therefore nearly as elusive as trying to name the first rock & roll record. Some of the far-fetched claims include the instrumental Telstar and the Dave Clark Fives massively reverb-laden Any Way You Want It, the first mention of LSD on a rock record was the Gamblers 1960 surf instrumental LSD25. American folk singer Bob Dylan was an influence on mid 1960s rock music. He led directly to the creation of rock and the psychedelic rock musicians that followed. Molly Longman of mic. com writes that, in terms of bridging the relationship between music and hallucinogens, the Beatles and the Beach Boys were the eras most pivotal acts. The considerable success enjoyed by these two bands allowed them the freedom to experiment with new technology over entire albums. In Unterbergers opinion, the Byrds, emerging from the Californian folk scene, with their ominous minor key melodies, hyperactive instrumental breaks, and use of Gregorian chants. In the songs lyric, the requests, Take me on a trip upon your magic swirling ship
39.
Keith Emerson
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Keith Noel Emerson was an English musician and composer. He played keyboards in a number of bands before he found his first commercial success with the Nice, formerly P. P. Arnolds backing band and he became internationally famous for his work with the Nice, which included writing rock arrangements of classical music. After leaving the Nice in 1970, he was a member of Emerson, Lake & Palmer. Emerson, Lake & Palmer were commercially successful through much of the 1970s, becoming one of the best-known progressive rock groups of the era. Following ELPs break-up at the end of the 1970s, Emerson pursued a career, composed several film soundtracks. In the early 1990s, Emerson rejoined ELP, which reunited for two albums and several tours before breaking up again in the late 1990s. Emerson also reunited the Nice in 2002 for a tour, during the 2000s, Emerson resumed his solo career, including touring with his own Keith Emerson Band and collaborating with several orchestras. In 2010 he reunited with ELP bandmate Greg Lake for a duo tour, Emersons last album, The Three Fates Project, was released in 2012. Emerson reportedly suffered from depression, and in his later years developed nerve damage that hampered his playing, making him anxious about upcoming performances and he committed suicide on 11 March 2016 at his home in Santa Monica, California. AllMusic describes Emerson as perhaps the greatest, most technically accomplished keyboardist in rock history, Emerson was born on 2 November 1944 in Todmorden, Yorkshire, his family having been evacuated there from southern England during the Second World War. He grew up in Goring-by-Sea, a resort near Worthing in West Sussex. His parents were musicians and arranged for him to take piano lessons starting at the age of 8. His father, Noel, played the piano, and thought that Emerson would benefit most from being versatile, however, he never received any formal musical training, and described his piano teachers as being local little old ladies. He learned western classical music, which inspired his own style, combining it with jazz. Although Emerson did not own a record player, he enjoyed listening to music on the radio, particularly Floyd Cramers 1961 slip note-style On the Rebound and he used jazz sheet music from Dave Brubeck and George Shearing and learned about jazz piano from books. He also listened to boogie-woogie, and to country-style pianists including Joe Mr Piano Henderson, Russ Conway, Emerson later described himself, I was a very serious child. I used to walk around with Beethoven sonatas under my arm, however, I was very good at avoiding being beaten up by the bullies. That was because I could also play Jerry Lee Lewis and Little Richard songs, so, they thought I was kind of cool and left me alone
40.
Columbia Records
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Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc. the United States division of Sony Corporation. It was founded in 1887, evolving from an enterprise named the American Graphophone Company. Columbia is the oldest surviving brand name in the sound business. Columbia Records went on to release records by an array of singers, instrumentalists. It is one of Sony Musics three flagship record labels alongside RCA Records and Epic Records, rather, as above, it was connected to CBS, a broadcasting media company which had purchased the company in 1938, and had been co-founded in 1927 by Columbia Records itself. Though Arista Records was sold to Bertelsmann Music Group, it would become a sister label of Columbia Records through its mutual connection to Sony Music. The Columbia Phonograph Company was founded in 1887 by stenographer, lawyer and New Jersey native Edward Easton and it derived its name from the District of Columbia, where it was headquartered. At first it had a monopoly on sales and service of Edison phonographs and phonograph cylinders in Washington. As was the custom of some of the regional companies, Columbia produced many commercial cylinder recordings of its own. Columbias ties to Edison and the North American Phonograph Company were severed in 1894 with the North American Phonograph Companys breakup, thereafter it sold only records and phonographs of its own manufacture. In 1902, Columbia introduced the XP record, a brown wax record. According to Gracyk, the molded brown waxes may have sold to Sears for distribution. Columbia began selling records and phonographs in addition to the cylinder system in 1901, preceded only by their Toy Graphophone of 1899. For a decade, Columbia competed with both the Edison Phonograph Company cylinders and the Victor Talking Machine Company disc records as one of the top three names in American recorded sound. In order to add prestige to its catalog of artists. The firm also introduced the internal-horn Grafonola to compete with the extremely popular Victrola sold by the rival Victor Talking Machine Company, during this era, Columbia used the famous Magic Notes logo—a pair of sixteenth notes in a circle—both in the United States and overseas. Columbia was split into two companies, one to make records and one to make players, Columbia Phonograph was moved to Connecticut, and Ed Easton went with it. Eventually it was renamed the Dictaphone Corporation, in late 1923, Columbia went into receivership
41.
Supertramp
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Supertramp are an English rock band formed in London in 1969. Though their music was initially categorised as progressive rock, they incorporated a combination of traditional rock, pop. The bands work is marked by the songwriting of founders Rick Davies and Roger Hodgson and they reached their commercial peak with 1979s Breakfast in America, which has sold more than 20 million copies. The band attained significant popularity in the United States, Canada, Europe, South Africa, since co-founder Hodgsons departure in 1983, Rick Davies has led the band by himself. In 1969 Stanley Sam August Miesegaes, a Dutch millionaire, ceased support to a band called The Joint as he was disappointed with them. He offered Swindon-born keyboardist Rick Davies, whose talent he felt had been bogged down by the group, Davies assembled Roger Hodgson, Richard Palmer, and Keith Baker after placing an advertisement in the weekly music newspaper, Melody Maker. Despite this, they hit it off during the auditions and began writing all of their songs together. Hodgson and Davies collaborated on the songwriting while Palmer composed the lyrics, the group initially dubbed themselves Daddy. One 10-minute performance there of All Along The Watchtower was filmed by Haro Senft, the rehearsals had been less than productive, and their initial repertoire consisted of only four songs, two of which were covers. To avoid confusion with the similarly named Daddy Longlegs, the changed its name to Supertramp. Supertramp were one of the first groups to be signed to the UK branch of A&M Records and their first album, Supertramp, was released on 14 July 1970 in the UK and Canada. Stylistically, the album was fairly typical of rock of the era. Despite receiving a deal of critical praise, the album did not attract a large audience. Dave Winthrop joined the group after the release of the first record, the membership continued to change in the six months following the albums release, Palmer left the band followed by Millar, who had suffered a nervous breakdown following a disastrous tour of Norway. With Palmers departure, Hodgson and Davies wrote and composed separately for this, the record sold even less than their debut. In the aftermath, all members gradually quit except Hodgson and Davies, a search for new members brought aboard Dougie Thomson, who had done stand-in gigs with the band for almost a year before auditions resumed. In 1973, auditions restarted and introduced Bob Siebenberg and John Helliwell, Hodgson would also begin introducing compositions featuring keyboards in the band in addition to guitar. This lineup of Supertramp would remain in place for the ten years
42.
Supertramp (album)
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Supertramp is the self-titled debut album by the English rock band Supertramp, released in July 1970. It has sometimes been published under the title Now and Then and it was their only album recorded without a saxophonist. It was not released in the United States until late 1977, the 1977 issue reached No.158 on the US Billboard 200. All the albums lyrics were written by Richard Palmer, since none of the members of Supertramp were willing to write any. Palmer himself later said that he considered writing lyrics like having to do work at the time. The music to the songs was all composed jointly by Rick Davies, the album was recorded entirely in night sessions running from 12 am to 6 am, due to a superstition on the part of the band members that there was some magic to recording at night. Hodgson later recalled Invariably our engineer, Robin Black, would fall asleep on us in the middle of the sessions, which were pretty intense as it was, because we fought a lot with Richard Palmer. He was fond of the album, however, and commented over a decade later that It was very naïve. As the songs for Supertramps third album, Crime of the Century, were introduced into the live set. The two exceptions are Home Again and Surely, which were played during encores for several years after. Surely has also included on some of the bands compilation CDs and is a favorite of the UK Supertramp tribute band Logical Tramp. Songs from this album, including Words Unspoken and I Am Not Like Other Birds of Prey, were used as part of the soundtrack for the UK film Extremes, despite this, the album was a commercial flop. However, they admitted that the mixture of ardour and subtlety is appealing. All songs written by Rick Davies, Roger Hodgson and Richard Palmer, except where noted, all lead vocals are by Roger Hodgson. Lead vocal credits per Richard Palmer
