The Jagiellonian University is a research university in Kraków, Poland. Founded in 1364 by Casimir III the Great, the Jagiellonian University is the oldest university in Poland, the second oldest university in Central Europe, one of the oldest surviving universities in the world. Notable alumni include astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus, poet Jan Kochanowski, Polish King John III Sobieski, constitutional reformer Hugo Kołłątaj, chemist Karol Olszewski, anthropologist Bronisław Malinowski, writer Stanisław Lem, President of Poland Andrzej Duda. Students at the University who did not earn diplomas included Nobel laureates Ivo Andrić and Wisława Szymborska. Pope John Paul II enrolled in the Jagellonian University of Krakow in 1938 to study Polish Studies at the JU Faculty of Philosophy, but shortly after enrollment, his studies were interrupted by Sonderaktion Krakau. In 1953, Father Wojtyła presented a dissertation at the Jagellonian University of Krakow on the possibility of grounding a Christian ethic on the ethical system developed by Max Scheler.

Obtaining the title of docent of ethics and moral theology. The campus of the Jagiellonian University is centrally located within the city of Kraków; the university consists of fifteen faculties, including the humanities, the natural and social sciences, medicine. The university employs 4,000 academics, has more than 40,000 students who study in some 80 disciplines. More than half of the student body are women; the language of instruction is Polish, although several degrees are offered in either German or English. The university library is one of Poland's largest, houses several medieval manuscripts, including Copernicus' De Revolutionibus. Due to its history, the Jagiellonian University is traditionally considered Poland's most reputable institution of higher learning, this standing being reflected in international rankings; the Jagiellonian University is a member of Europaeum. In 2019, the Academic Ranking of World Universities placed the university within the 301–400 band globally. In the mid-14th century, King Casimir III the Great realised that the nation needed a class of educated people lawyers, who could codify the country's laws and administer the courts and offices.

His efforts to found an institution of higher learning in Poland were rewarded when Pope Urban V granted him permission to set up a university in Kraków. A royal charter of foundation was issued on 12 May 1364, a simultaneous document was issued by the City Council granting privileges to the Studium Generale; the King provided funding for one chair in liberal arts, two in Medicine, three in Canon Law and five in Roman Law, funded by a quarterly payment taken from the proceeds of the royal monopoly on the salt mines at Wieliczka. Development of the University of Kraków stalled upon the death of King Casimir, its founder, lectures were held in various places across the city, amongst others, in professors' houses, churches and in the cathedral school on the Wawel Hill, it is believed that, in all likelihood, the construction of a building to house the Studium Generale began on Plac Wolnica in what is today the district of Kazimierz. After a period of disinterest and lack of funds, the institution was restored in the 1390s by King Władysław II Jagiełło and his wife Saint Hedwig, the daughter of King Louis of Hungary and Poland.

The royal couple decided that, instead of building new premises for the university, it would be better to buy an existing edifice. The Queen donated all of her personal jewelry to the university; the faculties of astronomy and theology attracted eminent scholars: for example, John Cantius, Stanisław of Skarbimierz, Paweł Włodkowic, Jan of Głogów, Albert Brudzewski, who from 1491 to 1495 was one of Nicolaus Copernicus' teachers. The university was the first university in Europe to establish independent chairs in Mathematics and Astronomy; this rapid expansion in the university's faculty necessitated the purchase of larger premises in which to house them. The Collegium Maius' qualities, many of which directly contributed to the sheltered, academic atmosphere at the university, became respected, helping the university establish its reputation as a place of learning in Central Europe. For several centuries the entire intellectual elite of Poland were educated at the university, where they enjoyed particular royal favour being provided with game from the royal hunt to satisfy their needs at mealtime.

Whilst it was, remains, Polish students who make up the greater part of the university's student body, it has, over its long history, educated thousands of foreign students from countries such as Lithuania, Hungary, Bohemia and Spain. During the second half of the 15th century, over 40 percent of students came from outside the Kingdom of Poland; the first chancellor of the University was Piotr Wysz, the first professors were Czechs and Poles, many of them trained at the Charles University in Prague in Bohemia. By 1520 Greek philology was introduced by Wenzel von Hirschberg. At this time, the Collegium Maius comprised seven reading rooms, six of which were named for the great ancient scholars: Aristotle, Plato, Galen and Pythagoras. Furthermore, it was during th

"That's The Joint" is a song by rap group Funky 4 + 1 released as their second single. The single became Funky 4 + 1's signature song and is cited as influential early hip hop record borrowing from disco and jazz, it includes dance rhythms. It features rapping from many parts sung together; the instrumental includes a sample of "Rescue Me" by A Taste of Honey. It was listed on as 47th best hip hop song of all time by Rolling Stone, it was named best song from 1980s by music critic Robert Christgau. In his initial review Christgau gave it'A' rating and wrote: "The instrumental track, carried by Sugarhill bassist Doug Wimbish, is so compelling that for a while I listened to it alone on its B-side version, and the rapping is the peak of the form, not verbally—the debut has funnier words—but rhythmically. Quick tradeoffs and clamorous breaks vary the steady-flow rhyming of the individual MCs, when it comes to Sha-Rock, Miss Plus One herself, who needs variation?". The song has been sampled many times in hip-hop production since its release, including on the song "Say No Go" by De La Soul on their album 3 Feet High and Rising, by Beastie Boys on the songs "Shake Your Rump" and "Shadrach" on their album Paul's Boutique.

Side AThat's The Joint – 9:05Side BThat's The Joint – 9:05 "That's The Joint" at Discogs

Rural King Supply is a farm supply store based in Mattoon, United States. Founded in 1960, it now has 116 stores in the U. S. states of Florida, Indiana, Tennessee, Michigan, North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Alabama. The company operates an online store, as well as offering an online gun store. On June 5, 1960, Kermit Speer and Keith Beaird founded Rural King Supply in Mattoon; the original store was started in a former implement building of 7,200 square feet. The company started besides the owners. In 1963, an addition to the main building was added. In 1966, a warehouse was built, in 1970, a second addition was added to the store. A new building was finished and opened in September 1976. In 1999, a new store and corporate office consisting of 210,000 square feet was opened across the highway from the old store; the old store and warehouse were donated to the Catholic Charities. In 2003, a 94,000-square-foot addition was added to the warehouse. In 2007, another 96,000 square feet were added to the warehouse.

In 2010, a third warehouse expansion was started. In 1962, Speer and Beaird opened another store in Paris, Illinois, in an old packing house with eight rooms. In 1970, land was purchased across from the Edgar County Fairgrounds and the new Paris Rural King was constructed. In 2001, that building was torn down and the current 55,000-square-foot Paris Rural King was built. Paris was Pat Speer's home for 15 years; the Vandalia, Rural King was opened in 1966 in an old building on U. S. Highway 40 East. A new Rural King was built in November 1973 on Van Tran Avenue, renamed Veterans Avenue. An addition to that building was completed in 1983. In 1979, Gary Melvin, nephew of Kermit Speer, purchased an interest in Rural King. Gary began his career learning the products and serving customers. Bruce Speer, nephew of Kermit Speer, purchased an interest in Rural King in 1982, with the opening of the Litchfield, Ill. store. Bruce began his career as the manager of the Litchfield store. In 1985, he and his family moved to Terre Haute, Ind. where he opened and managed that store for five years.

In 1990, Bruce moved to the Mattoon corporate office to help with purchasing and expansion of the Rural King stores. In December 2015 Rural King announced they had reached, for the first time, $1 Billion in total sales. In 2017, Rural King purchased the Cross County Mall in Illinois. In July 2018, Rural King finalized their plans for the mall and decided to move the Mattoon Rural King store location into the former Sears space to drive more traffic to the mall and other businesses in the area; the location opened January 16th, 2019. The current facility, located at 4216 Dewitt Avenue, will continue to serve as a distribution center, the headquarters will be expanded into the current Rural King store space. Rural King sells work clothing and work boots and pet supplies, live chicks and rabbits, hunting equipment and supplies and ammunition, tractor/trailer parts and accessories and garden supplies, sprinkler/irrigation parts, power tools, fencing and pump supplies, riding mowers, agricultural chemicals and many other farm and home supplies.

Rural King sells toys around the holidays. One of Rural King's notable sales tactics is offering free coffee and popcorn to customers inside their stores. Official website