Jayapura Regency is one of the regencies (kabupaten) in Papua Province of Indonesia. It is situated to the west of but does not include the city of Jayapura. Previously covering most of the north-east portion of Papua province, it was reduced substantially in extent from 12 November 2002, when the eastern districts were split off to form a new Keerom Regency and the western districts were split off to form a new Sarmi Regency. It now covers an area of 17,516.6 km2, and had a population of 111,943 at the 2010 Census and 166,171 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 171,331. The administrative centre is the town of Sentani, with 73,927 inhabitants in mid 2022.

Jayapura is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of Papua. It is situated on the northern coast of New Guinea island and covers an area of 940.0 km2 (362.9 sq mi). The city borders the Pacific Ocean and Yos Sudarso Bay to the north, the country of Papua New Guinea to the east, Keerom Regency to the south, and Jayapura Regency to the west.