John Henry Newman was an English theologian, academic, philosopher, historian, writer, and poet, first as an Anglican priest and later as a Catholic priest and cardinal, who was an important and controversial figure in the religious history of England in the 19th century. He was known nationally by the mid-1830s, and was canonised as a saint in the Catholic Church in 2019.

The Confederation of Oratories of Saint Philip Neri, abbreviated C.O. and commonly known as the Oratorians, is a Catholic society of apostolic life of pontifical right for men who live together in a community bound together by no formal vows but only with the bond of charity.