John of Austria
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John of Austria was the illegitimate son of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and a military leader in the service of the Spanish Empire under his half-brother, King Philip II of Spain. He is best known f
Don Juan de Austria, oil in canvas of 2nd half of the 16th century, probably by Juan Pantoja de la Cruz, in the Museo del Prado, Madrid
Portrait of Don Juan by Jooris van der Straeten
John of Austria in armour, by Alonso Sánchez Coello, 1567
Battle of Lepanto
Alexander Farnese was an Italian noble and military leader, who was Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Castro from 1586 to 1592, as well as Governor of the Spanish Netherlands from 1578 to 1592. Nephew to Ki
Portrait of the Prince when he was 15 by Sofonisba Anguissola, 1560
The Siege of Maastricht in 1579
Parma's bridge-of-boats over the Scheldt in 1585.
Alexander Farnese was made responsible for the failure of the Armada which marked the beginning of the end of his brilliant career.