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History
Joint Surveillance System
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The Joint Surveillance System (JSS) is a joint United States Air Force and Federal Aviation Administration system for the atmospheric air defense of North America. It replaced the Semi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) system in 1983.
The former J-31 San Pedro JSS ARSR-1 radar site, California
The former J-31 San Pedro JSS ARSR-1 radar site, California
Semi-Automatic Ground Environment
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The Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) was a system of large computers and associated networking equipment that coordinated data from many radar sites and processed it to produce a single unified image of the airspace over a wide area. SAGE directed and controlled the NORAD response to a possible Soviet air attack, operating in this role from the late 1950s into the 1980s. Its enormous computers and huge displays remain a part of cold war lore, and after decommissioning were common props in movies such as Dr. Strangelove and Colossus, and on science fiction TV series such as The Time Tunnel.
The 4-story SAGE blockhouses with 3.5 acres (1.4 ha) of floor space "were hardened [for] overpressures of" 5 psi (34 kPa). A shorter adjoining buildin
The 4-story SAGE blockhouses with 3.5 acres (1.4 ha) of floor space "were hardened [for] overpressures of" 5 psi (34 kPa). A shorter adjoining building (left) had generators below the 4 intake/exhaust structures on the roof. (DC-01 shown)
Whirlwind computer elements: core memory (left) and operator console
Whirlwind computer elements: core memory (left) and operator console
Module from a SAGE
Module from a SAGE
To increase warning time, radar systems called Texas Towers were placed in the Atlantic Ocean using technology similar to Texas-style offshore oil pla
To increase warning time, radar systems called Texas Towers were placed in the Atlantic Ocean using technology similar to Texas-style offshore oil platforms