1.
Fort Worth, Texas
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Fort Worth is the 16th-largest city in the United States and the fifth-largest city in the state of Texas. The city is in North Central Texas and covers nearly 350 square miles in the counties of Denton, Parker, Wise, according to the 2015 census, estimates, Fort Worths population is 833,319. The city is the second-largest in the Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metropolitan area, the city was established in 1849 as an Army outpost on a bluff overlooking the Trinity River. Today, Fort Worth still embraces its Western heritage and traditional architecture, USS Fort Worth is the first ship of the United States Navy named after the city. Fort Worth is home to the Van Cliburn International Piano Competition, also of note is the Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, designed by Tadao Ando. The Amon Carter Museum of American Art, designed by Philip Johnson, the Sid Richardson Museum, redesigned by David M. Schwarz, has one of the most focused collections of Western Art in the U. S. emphasizing Frederic Remington and Charles Russell. The Treaty of Birds Fort between the Republic of Texas and several Native American tribes was signed in 1843 at Birds Fort in present-day Arlington, Texas. Article XI of the treaty provided that no one may pass the line of trading houses without permission of the President of Texas and these trading houses were later established at the junction of the Clear Fork and West Fork of the Trinity River in present-day Fort Worth. At this river junction, the U. S, War Department established Fort Worth in 1849 as the northernmost of a system of 10 forts for protecting the American Frontier following the end of the Mexican–American War. The City of Fort Worth continues to be known as where the West begins, originally 10 forts had been proposed by Major General William Jenkins Worth, who commanded the Department of Texas in 1849. In January 1849, Worth proposed a line of 10 forts to mark the western Texas frontier from Eagle Pass to the confluence of the West Fork, One month later, Worth died from cholera in South Texas. General William S. Harney assumed command of the Department of Texas, Arnold to find a new fort site near the West Fork and Clear Fork. On June 6,1849, Arnold, advised by Middleton Tate Johnson, established a camp on the bank of the Trinity River, in August 1849, Arnold moved the camp to the north-facing bluff, which overlooked the mouth of the Clear Fork of the Trinity River. The United States War Department officially named the post Fort Worth on November 14,1849, E. S. Terrell from Tennessee claimed to be the first resident of Fort Worth. The fort was flooded the first year and moved to the top of the bluff, the fort was abandoned September 17,1853. As a stop on the legendary Chisholm Trail, Fort Worth was stimulated by the business of the cattle drives, millions of head of cattle were driven north to market along this trail. Fort Worth became the center of the drives, and later. It was given the nickname of Cowtown, during Civil War, Fort Worth suffered from shortages of money, food, and supplies
Fort Worth, Texas
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Montage of Fort Worth, Top: View of Downtown Fort Worth from Amon Carter Museum, Middle left: Fort Worth Modern Art Museum, Middle right: Fort Worth Stockyards Saloon, Bottom left: Tarrant County Courthouse, Bottom right: T&P Railroad Station
Fort Worth, Texas
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Seal
Fort Worth, Texas
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Fort Worth Texas Historical Marker
Fort Worth, Texas
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Lithograph (1876)
2.
Steven Spielberg
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Steven Allan Spielberg, KBE, OMRI is an American director, producer, and screenwriter. He is considered one of the pioneers of the New Hollywood era. He is also one of the co-founders of DreamWorks Studios, in a career spanning more than four decades, Spielbergs films have spanned many themes and genres. His other films include Jurassic Park, A. I, artificial Intelligence, and War of the Worlds. Spielberg won the Academy Award for Best Director for Schindlers List and Saving Private Ryan, three of Spielbergs films—Jaws, E. T. the Extra-Terrestrial, and Jurassic Park—achieved box office records, originated and came to epitomize the blockbuster film. The unadjusted gross of all Spielberg-directed films exceeds $9 billion worldwide and his personal net worth is estimated to be more than $3 billion. Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family and his mother, Leah Posner, was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg, was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukraine who settled in Cincinnati in the first decade of the 1900s, in 1950, his family moved to Haddon Township, New Jersey when his father took a job with RCA. Three years later, the moved to Phoenix, Arizona. Spielberg attended Hebrew school from 1953 to 1957, in classes taught by Rabbi Albert L. Lewis, as a child, Spielberg faced difficulty reconciling being an Orthodox Jew with the perception of him by other children he played with. It isnt something I enjoy admitting, he said, but when I was seven, eight, nine years old, God forgive me. I was embarrassed by the perception of my parents Jewish practices. I was never really ashamed to be Jewish, but I was uneasy at times, Spielberg also said he suffered from acts of anti-Semitic prejudice and bullying, In high school, I got smacked and kicked around. His first home movie was of a wreck involving his toy Lionel trains. Throughout his early teens, and after entering school, Spielberg continued to make amateur 8 mm adventure films. In 1958, he became a Boy Scout and fulfilled a requirement for the merit badge by making a nine-minute 8 mm film entitled The Last Gunfight. Years later, Spielberg recalled to an interviewer, My dads still-camera was broken. He said yes, and I got an idea to do a Western, I made it and got my merit badge
Steven Spielberg
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Spielberg at the
2013 Cannes Film Festival
Steven Spielberg
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Steven Spielberg and
Chandran Rutnam on a location in Sri Lanka during the filming of
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom.
Steven Spielberg
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Spielberg in March 1990
Steven Spielberg
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Spielberg in 2011, at the Paris premiere of
The Adventures of Tintin: The Secret of the Unicorn.
3.
List of Indiana Jones characters
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This is a list of characters in the Indiana Jones series. Indiana is a nickname he adopted from childhood, it was the name of his pet dog, wearing a fedora and armed with a revolver and a whip, Indiana is regularly confronted by villains, booby traps, and snakes, of which he is deathly afraid. Actors who have portrayed Indiana at different ages include River Phoenix, Corey Carrier, Sean Patrick Flanery, Satipo is a guide accompanying Indy in the temple in the films opening. He follows behind him through the traps on the way in. When Indy and Satipo reach a pit on the way out, Satipo makes it over with Indys whip, Indy throws over the fertility idol to Satipo, who offered to throw him his whip for it, but he betrays Indy, dropping the whip and fleeing. In his haste, he forgot to mind the wall trap he had witnessed Indy test and is killed, Indiana makes it out. He appears in the video game Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine in the secret level Return to Peru and his name is based in a Peruvian town and county, Satipo in Satipo County in Junín State. Jock Lindsey is an American freelance pilot, Jock cut his teeth as a stunt pilot performing in Midwest airshows and relocated to Venezuela after a rumored flight-related tragedy. He frequently was hired by Jones to fly the archaeologist to remote parts of the world, easygoing and affable, Jock butted heads with Indiana on only one subject, his pet snake Reggie. According to the novelization of Raiders of the Lost Ark written by Campbell Black, Jock is Scottish, the Jock Lindseys Hangar Bar cocktail lounge at Disney Springs says he settled down in central Florida in 1938. Barranca is the other Peruvian guide who turns against Indiana, when Barranca draws a revolver, Indy uses his famous bullwhip and wraps the whip around the gun. The gun is yanked from Barrancas hand and lands in a stream, Barranca then runs away but is later killed with poisonous darts by the Hovitos tribe. In the early script of the film, written by Lawrence Kasdan, when Barranca pulls his gun out on Jones, the archaeologist uses his whip to make Barranca shoot himself, but the script was scrapped. Like Satipo, his name is based on a Peruvian town and county, Barranca, Barranca Ward, Barranca County, Dr. René Emile Belloq is the main antagonist in Raiders of the Lost Ark. He is a French archaeologist who takes credit for Indianas findings by following his exploits, in the films opening, Belloq and the Hovitos tribesmen force Indiana to hand over a fertility idol he has braved numerous booby traps to obtain. Belloq aids the Nazis in finding the Ark of the Covenant, the spirits within the Ark kill Belloq and the Nazis when it is opened, allowing Indiana to take the Ark back to the United States government. At one point in the film, Belloq says to Indy that they are much alike. The novelization of the movie reveals Belloq became Indianas foe at graduate school, another encounter in 1934 is detailed, when Indiana spends months preparing a dig in Rub al Khali, only to arrive and discover Belloq has excavated the region
List of Indiana Jones characters
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Toht (left) and Belloq
List of Indiana Jones characters
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Marcus Brody
List of Indiana Jones characters
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Willie (right) and Short Round (left) inspect Pankot Palace's cuisine
List of Indiana Jones characters
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Mola Ram holding a human heart
4.
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom
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Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom is a 1984 American action-adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg. It is the installment in the Indiana Jones franchise and a prequel to the 1981 film Raiders of the Lost Ark. Executive producer and co-writer George Lucas decided to make the film a prequel as he did not want the Nazis to be the villains again, after three rejected plot devices, Lucas wrote a film treatment that resembled the films final storyline. The film was released to success but mixed reviews, which criticized its violence. However, critical opinion has improved since 1984, citing the films intensity, some of the films cast and crew, including Spielberg, retrospectively view the film in a negative light, partly due to the film being the darkest and most overtly violent Indiana Jones film. The film has also been the subject of controversy due to its portrayal of India, in 1935, Indiana Jones narrowly escapes the clutches of Lao Che, a crime boss in Shanghai, China. With his 11-year-old Chinese sidekick Short Round and the nightclub singer Willie Scott in tow, Indy flees Shanghai on an airplane that, unknown to them, is owned by Lao. While the three of sleep on the plane, the pilots parachute out, and they leave the plane to crash over the Himalayas while dumping its fuel. Indy, Shorty, and Willie discover this and narrowly manage to escape by jumping out of the plane on an inflatable raft, during the journey to Pankot, Indy hypothesizes that the stone may be one of the five fabled Sankara stones that promise fortune and glory. The trio receive a welcome from the Prime Minister of Pankot Palace. The visitors are allowed to stay the night as guests, during which they attend a lavish but grotesque banquet given by the young Maharaja, Chattar Lal rebuffs Indys questions about the villagers claims and his theory that the ancient Thuggee cult is responsible for their troubles. Later that night, Indy is attacked by an assassin, leading Indy, Willie and they discover a series of tunnels hidden behind a statue in Willies room and set out to explore them, overcoming a number of booby-traps along the way. The trio eventually reach a temple where the Thugs worship Kali with human sacrifice. They watch as the Thugs chain one of their victims in a cage and slowly lower him into a fire pit. They discover that the Thugs, led by their high priest Mola Ram, are in possession of three of the five Sankara stones, and have enslaved the children to mine for the two stones. As Indy tries to retrieve the stones, he, Willie, Indy is whipped and forced to drink a potion called the Blood of Kali, which places him in a trance-like state where he begins to mindlessly serve the Thugs. Willie, meanwhile, is kept as a sacrifice, while Shorty is put to work in the mines alongside the enslaved children. Shorty breaks free and escapes back into the temple where he burns Indy with a torch, after defeating Chattar Lal, Indy stops Willies cage and cranks it out of the pit just in time before it has a chance to enter the fire
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom
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Theatrical release poster by
Drew Struzan
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom
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Steven Spielberg and
Chandran Rutnam on a location in Sri Lanka during the filming of Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom.
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom
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Harrison Ford with
Chandran Rutnam on the set of Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom which was shot in
Kandy,
Sri Lanka in 1983.
5.
Dreamscape (1984 film)
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Dreamscape is a 1984 American science-fiction adventure horror film directed by Joseph Ruben and written by David Loughery, with Chuck Russell and Ruben co-writing. Alex Gardner is a psychic who has been using his talents solely for personal gain, when he was 19 years old, Alex had been the prime subject of a scientific research project documenting his psychic ability, but in the midst of the study, he disappeared. At the institution, Alex is reunited with his former mentor Dr. Paul Novotny who is now involved in government-funded psychic research. Novotny equates the original idea for the project to the practice of the Senoi natives of Malaysia. The project was intended for use to diagnose and treat sleep disorders, particularly nightmares, but it has been hijacked by Bob Blair. Novotny convinces Alex to join the program in order to investigate Blairs intentions, buddys nightmare involves a large sinister snakeman. A subplot involving Alex and Jane’s growing infatuation culminates with him sneaking into Janes dream to have sex with her and he does this without technological aid, something no one else has been able to achieve. With the help of novelist Charlie Prince, who has been investigating the project for a new book. Blair murders Prince and Novotny to silence them, Blair considers the Presidents nightmares about nuclear holocaust a sign of political weakness, a liability in the upcoming negotiations for nuclear disarmament. Alex and Jane manage to get enough to the President’s room for Alex to project himself into the Presidents dream. The President is grateful to Alex but reluctant to confront Blair, to protect himself and Jane, Alex enters Blair’s dream and murders him before Blair can retaliate. The film ends with Jane and Alex boarding a train to Louisville, Kentucky and they are surprised to meet the ticket collector from Janes dream. He was not involved in the project after 20th Century Fox bought his outline, because he did not write the film treatment or the script, his name does not appear in the credits, assertions that he removed his name from the credits are unfounded. Dreamscape was released on August 15,1984 and this was the second film released to movie theaters that was rated PG-13 under then new MPAA ratings guidelines following Red Dawn, which had come out five days prior. The film was released on DVD on June 6,2000, January 4,2005, Dreamscape has a 75% Fresh rating on review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes from 28 critics. The RT consensus is Dreamscape mixes several genres — horror, sci-fi, action — and always maintains a sense of adventure, the film is ranked #93 on Rotten Tomatoes Journey Through Sci-Fi
Dreamscape (1984 film)
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Theatrical release poster
Dreamscape (1984 film)
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Tommy Ray Glatman, dream assassin.
6.
Power (1986 film)
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Power is a 1986 American drama film directed by Sidney Lumet and starring Richard Gere. The original screenplay by David Himmelstein focuses on corruption and how power affects both those who wield it and the people they try to control. Denzel Washingtons performance in the film as public relations expert Arnold Billings earned him the 1987 NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture, beatrice Straights performance as Claire Hastings, however, earned her a Golden Raspberry Award nomination for Worst Supporting Actress. Pete St. Johns friend Sam Hastings and he comes into conflict with Arnold Billings, a public relations expert whose firm Cade has hired. These actions force St. Richard Gere, governor Andrea Stannard J. T. Walsh. The poster for the film is black in color, with a white bar on top that reads, in black letters. And one man can get it for you, below this is the films title, in all-capital white letters. A small human silhouette is located at the base of the W in Power, on the black field below is written, in red letters against the black, Nothing else comes close. In his extremely negative review of Power in The New York Times, Vincent Canby described the film as a well-meaning, witless, suffers from the total lack of a comic imagination. The movie builds up considerable momentum during its first hour, theres a sense of excitement, of identification with this man who is being driven by his own energy, ambition and cynicism. During the second half of the movie, however, a growing disappointment sets in and it doesnt really declare itself to be about any particular story, any single clear-cut issue. The movie itself seems to sense that its going nowhere, the climax is a pointless, frustrating montage of images. Its a good montage, but it somewhere in the middle of the movie, it states the problem. The movie seems to be asking us to walk out of the theater shaking our heads in disillusionment, list of American films of 1986 Power at the Internet Movie Database Power at Rotten Tomatoes
Power (1986 film)
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Theatrical release poster
7.
Black Rain (1989 American film)
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Black Rain is a 1989 American action thriller film directed by Ridley Scott, starring Michael Douglas, Andy García, Ken Takakura, Kate Capshaw and Yusaku Matsuda. The story centers on two New York City police officers who arrest a member of the Yakuza and must escort him back to Japan, once there, he escapes, and the two police officers find themselves dragged deeper and deeper into the Japanese underworld. Nick is divorced from his wife, who has custody of their two children, at a restaurant, Nick and his partner Charlie Vincent observe two Japanese men meet with Mafia gangsters. Nicks suspicions are validated when another Japanese man enters the restaurant, seizes a small package at gunpoint, Nick and Charlie chase and arrest the suspect after he nearly kills Nick. The suspect, a Yakuza gangster named Sato, is to be extradited to Osaka, though angered Sato will not be prosecuted in the US, Nick agrees to escort him. Nick’s captain believes it will keep Nick from causing more trouble, when they arrive in Osaka, they surrender Sato to the Japanese police, only to be told that they were duped by impostors. Nick convinces the Osaka police to them to observe the investigation. They are assigned to Masahiro Matsumoto, Nick behaves rudely and offends Matsumoto, while Charlie attempts to be more polite. Nick also makes contact with an American nightclub hostess, Joyce, through her, Nick discovers Sato is fighting a gang war with a notorious crime boss, Sugai, and traveled to New York to disrupt Sugais counterfeiting scheme. Nick joins a police raid without permission and takes a few $100 bills from the crime scene, at night, Nick and Charlie walk back to their hotel drunk and unescorted, despite warnings about their safety. In an apparent prank, a young motorcyclist steals Charlies coat, separated from Charlie, Nick watches in horror as Sato and several others briefly torture and kill him. Joyce comforts the distraught Nick at her apartment, later, Mastumoto hands him Charlies service pistol. As Matsumoto and Nick trail one of Satos operatives, Nick admits he stole money in New York, the operative retrieves a sample counterfeit note, which she passes to a gangster. Nick and Matsumoto tail him to a foundry, where they find Sato is meeting Sugai. Nick confronts Sato, who escapes when swarming police arrest Nick for waving a gun in public, though deported, Nick sneaks off the plane to pursue Sato on his own, as Matsumoto has been suspended and demoted. Joyce helps him meet Sugai, who explains that making counterfeit US currency is his revenge for the rain, or nuclear fallout. Nick suggests a deal where Sugai can use Nick to retrieve the stolen plate from Sato, leaving Sugais reputation, Sugai drops Nick at a remote farm with a shotgun. Matsumoto arrives, and they deduce Sato plans a massacre, during a meeting with Sugai, Sato cuts off one of his fingers in atonement, stabs Sugai, and escapes with the plates, prompting a gunfight between Sugais and Satos men
Black Rain (1989 American film)
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Theatrical release poster
8.
Love Affair (1994 film)
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Love Affair is a 1994 American romantic drama film and a remake of the 1939 film of the same name. The music score was by Ennio Morricone and the cinematography by Conrad L. Hall, the film stars Beatty, Annette Bening and Katharine Hepburn in her last film role, with Garry Shandling, Chloe Webb, Pierce Brosnan, Kate Capshaw, Paul Mazursky and Brenda Vaccaro. Ex-football star Mike Gambril and singer Terry McKay, each of whom is engaged to someone else. The plane makes a landing and passengers must wait until a piece of equipment is delivered. Mike and Terry visit his elderly aunt Ginny on the isle of Tahiti and they see each other with new eyes and fall in love. When they reach New York City, they agree to reunite at the top of the Empire State Building in three months time, Terry breaks up with her fiance Ken Allen, as does Mike with his, Lynn Weaver. Terry finds work as a singer, mostly in advertisements, Mike quits his job as a Los Angeles television sports announcer. He finds honest work as a coach at a small school, one of his works captures Terry in prayer from their idyllic day in the islands. On the day of their rendezvous, Terry, in her haste, is struck down by a car while crossing a street, gravely injured, she is rushed to the hospital. Mike, waiting for her at the deck at the top of the building, is unaware of the accident. After many hours, he finally concedes at midnight that she has rejected him, now unable to walk, Terry refuses to contact Mike, wanting to conceal her disability. Instead, she finds a job as a music teacher, six months after the accident, she sees Mike with his former fiancée at a holiday concert featuring Ray Charles, which Terry is attending with her former boyfriend. Mike does not notice her condition because she is seated, each can only manage a hello. Christmas Eve arrives and Mike makes a visit, claiming to have come across her address while looking up another name in a telephone directory. Although he steers the conversation to make her explain her actions, Terry merely dodges the subject, about to leave her life for good, Mike mentions the painting that he had done of her, which that very afternoon had been given away to a woman who admired it. He is about to point out that the woman was in a wheelchair when he suddenly pauses, Mike walks into Terrys bedroom and sees his painting hanging on the wall. He now knows why she did not keep their appointment, marissa The film is a remake of the 1939 film Love Affair with Charles Boyer and Irene Dunne and of the 1957 film An Affair to Remember with Cary Grant and Deborah Kerr, both directed by Leo McCarey. The name of Terry McKays character remained the same in all three films, while a different one was chosen for each of the three leading men, Love Affair was Hepburns first big-screen appearance in nearly 10 years and marked her last appearance in cinema
Love Affair (1994 film)
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Theatrical release poster
9.
Just Cause (film)
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Just Cause is a 1995 suspense crime thriller film directed by Arne Glimcher and starring Sean Connery and Laurence Fishburne. It is based on John Katzenbachs novel of the same name, paul Armstrong, a liberal Harvard professor opposed to capital punishment, is persuaded to go to Florida to investigate the conviction of Bobby Earl Ferguson for murder. Ferguson, a former Cornell University student, who was convicted of raping and murdering a white girl named Joanie Shriver. Armstrong must save him from being executed in the electric chair, Ferguson tells Armstrong that he was tortured by two police detectives to get a confession. As Armstrong digs deeper into the case, he discovers that Tanny Brown, when Armstrong discovers the weapon, Brown tries to threaten him into abandoning the investigation. Ferguson gets a re-trial and is freed from prison, subsequently, the governor signs Sullivans death warrant. Armstrong receives a call from Sullivan, who says he has a clue to share. Armstrong is shocked to find their butchered bodies, Armstrong asks why he was needed for their scheme, and Sullivan replies that was Bobby Earls call. Armstrong has the last laugh by lying to Sullivan that his parents were alive and he resists the guards taking him to the electric chair, where he is executed. Ferguson plans to murder Armstrongs wife and daughter and then disappear, Armstrong and Brown join forces to kill Ferguson and save Armstrongs family. J. Wilcox Ruby Dee – Evangeline Scarlett Johansson – Katie Armstrong Daniel J.4 on The Internet Movie Database, the movie debuted with moderate success. Just Cause at the Internet Movie Database Just Cause at Box Office Mojo Just Cause at Rotten Tomatoes
Just Cause (film)
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Just Cause
10.
The Love Letter (1999 film)
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The Love Letter is a 1999 American romantic comedy film directed by Peter Chan and starring Kate Capshaw, Ellen DeGeneres, Tom Everett Scott and Tom Selleck. It is based on the novel by Cathleen Schine, the original music score was composed by Luis Enriquez Bacalov. The film takes place in the New England town of Loblolly-by-the-Sea, one morning, as she is going through the mail, she discovers an anonymous blue love letter, without an envelope and a name. Having discovered this letter in her mail, in her bookstore, but the only question is, who is it from. Then, Johnny, a student who has a summer job working in Helens bookstore, is invited to her house for dinner. During dinner she puts two wine glasses and a next to her purse, which has the letter in it. By mistake, and not noticing it, Helen accidentally knocks the letter out of the purse, while in the kitchen cooking, she tells Johnny to have some wine. Johnny comes across the letter, and is struck by it and he mistakenly thinks it is from Helen. Later that night, he begins to peel an orange, a line from the letter, seeing his hint, Helen rushes into the house and says goodnight. In the next few weeks, Johnny and Helen meet and begin an affair, Helen goes to the bookstore, and brings the letter with her. She leaves her purse on the desk, then, Helens manager, Janet Hall, arrives. Helen decides not to tell her about the letter just yet, while she is upstairs working, George comes in with new smoke detectors for the store. Janet accepts them, but the desk collapses, along with Helens purse, in all the chaos, the letter is mixed in with the instruction manuals for the smoke detectors. George, before leaving, says Make sure you read the manuals first, then, Janet opens the manual, and the letter falls out. She reads it and thinks it is from George, later that day, Janet rushes over to tell Helen about the letter. But Helen, not knowing how to say it, just takes it, Janet, angry at Helen for not having faith in her happiness, quits her job as manager. As the story progresses, many others find the letter. During the affair, Johnny uses a friend Jennifers affections for him to make Helen jealous, however, shes disheartened to realize he was using her
The Love Letter (1999 film)
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Theatrical release poster
11.
Travel agency
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There are also travel agencies that serve as general sales agents for foreign travel companies, allowing them to have offices in countries other than where their headquarters are located. The modern travel agency first appeared in the half of the 19th century with its root in 1758 as establishment of Cox & Kings Ltd. In the year 1970, Cox & Kings the longest established travel company centered its focus on its business of travel, lately Thomas Cook also established a chain of agencies in the last quarter of the 19th century, in association with the Midland Railway. They not only sold their own tours to the public, but in addition, other British pioneer travel agencies were Dean & Dawson, the Polytechnic Touring Association, and the Co-operative Wholesale Society. The oldest travel agency in the United States is Brownell Travel, on 4 July 1887, Walter T. Brownell led ten travelers on a European tour, Travel agencies became more commonplace with the development of commercial aviation, starting in the 1920s. A travel agencys main function is to act as an agent, selling travel products, a package holiday or a ticket is not purchased from a supplier unless a customer requests that purchase. The holiday or ticket is supplied to the agency at a discount, the profit is therefore the difference between the advertised price which the customer pays and the discounted price at which it is supplied to the agent. This is known as the commission, in many countries, all individuals or companies that sell tickets are required to be licensed as a travel agent. In some countries, airlines have stopped giving commissions to travel agencies, therefore, travel agencies are now forced to charge a percentage premium or a standard flat fee, per sale. However, some companies pay travel agencies a set percentage for selling their product. Major tour companies can afford to do this, because if they were to sell a thousand trips at a cheaper rate and it is also cheaper to offer commissions to travel agents rather than engage in advertising and distribution campaigns without using agents. Other commercial operations are undertaken, especially by the larger chains, a travel agent is supposed to offer impartial travel advice to the customer, as well as coordinating travel details and assisting the customer in booking travel. Again, a variety of social and economic changes have now contrived to bring this aspect to the once more, particularly with the advent of multiple, no-frills. A fixed percentage of the element of the price is paid to the agent as a commission. Commissions may vary depending on the type of product and the supplier, commissions are not paid on the tax component of the price. Travel agencies also receive a variety of bonuses, benefits. The customer is not made aware of how much the travel agent is earning in commissions. Other sources of income may include the sale of insurance, travel books, public transport timetables
Travel agency
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This travel agency in
South Norwood,
Massachusetts,
USA employs
Portuguese -speaking agents and displays the
flag of Brazil in its
store window.
Travel agency
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Thomas Cook travel agents in the UK
Travel agency
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Allamanda Voyages travel agents in
Paris
12.
Cosmetology
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Cosmetology is the study and application of beauty treatment. A cosmetologist is defined as a person who gives beauty treatments to skin, a cosmetologist is someone who is an expert in the care of hair and makeup as well as skincare and beauty products. They can also offer services such as coloring, extensions, perms. Cosmetologists help their clients improve on or acquire a certain look by applying advance trending aesthetic applications, Hair stylists often style hair for weddings, proms, and other special events in addition to routine hair styling. A hair color specialist, aka hair colorist, specializes in the modification of natural hair color utilizing various methods while using a colorant product from a professional company. In the US, some colorists are qualified through the American Board of Certified Hair Colorists and this designation is used to recognize colorists that have a greater level of competency in the industry through a written exam and a practical exam. A hair color specialist’s duties might include, but are not limited to, basic color applications like covering grey, a color specialist also has the ability to perform corrective color applications and create special effects using foiling techniques or any other advanced color application methods. A shampoo technician shampoos and conditions a clients hair in preparation for the hair stylist and this is generally an apprentice position and a first step for many just out of cosmetology school. Estheticians are licensed professionals who are experts in maintaining and improving skin, an estheticians general scope of practice is limited to the epidermis. Estheticians work in different environments such as salons, med spas, day spas, skin care clinics. Estheticians may also specialize in such as microdermabrasion, microcurrent, cosmetic electrotherapy treatments, LED treatments, ultrasound/ultrasonic. The esthetician may undergo training for treatments such as laser hair removal, permanent makeup application, light chemical peels, eyelash extensions. In the US, estheticians must be licensed in the state in which they are working and are governed by the cosmetology board requirements of that state. Estheticians must complete a minimum 300–1500 hours of training and pass both a written and hands-on exam in order to be licensed in a given state, utah, Virginia and Washington are the only states at this time to adopt the Master Esthetician License. Additional post graduate training is required when specializing in areas such as medical esthetics. Estheticians work under a dermatologist’s supervision only when employed by the dermatologists practice, the word esthetician is an alternative spelling of aesthetician, a derivation of the word aesthetic, beauty-related. Many chemicals in salon products pose potential health risks, examples of hazardous chemicals found in common treatments include dibutyl phthalate, formaldehyde, lye, ammonia, and coal tar. Allergies and dermatitis have forced approximately 20% of hairdressers to stop practicing their profession, dibutyl phthalate is used in some nail enamels and hardeners
Cosmetology
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Cosmetology class in California, 1946
Cosmetology
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Desairologist performing specialized cosmetology at funeral home
13.
St. Louis, Missouri
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St. Louis is an independent city and major U. S. port in the state of Missouri, built along the western bank of the Mississippi River, on the border with Illinois. Prior to European settlement, the area was a regional center of Native American Mississippian culture. The city of St. Louis was founded in 1764 by French fur traders Pierre Laclède and Auguste Chouteau, in 1764, following Frances defeat in the Seven Years War, the area was ceded to Spain and retroceded back to France in 1800. In 1803, the United States acquired the territory as part of the Louisiana Purchase, during the 19th century, St. Louis developed as a major port on the Mississippi River. In the 1870 Census, St. Louis was ranked as the 4th-largest city in the United States and it separated from St. Louis County in 1877, becoming an independent city and limiting its own political boundaries. In 1904, it hosted the Louisiana Purchase Exposition and the Summer Olympics, the economy of metro St. Louis relies on service, manufacturing, trade, transportation of goods, and tourism. This city has become known for its growing medical, pharmaceutical. St. Louis has 2 professional sports teams, the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball, the city is commonly identified with the 630-foot tall Gateway Arch in Downtown St. Louis. The area that would become St. Louis was a center of the Native American Mississippian culture and their major regional center was at Cahokia Mounds, active from 900 AD to 1500 AD. Due to numerous major earthworks within St. Louis boundaries, the city was nicknamed as the Mound City and these mounds were mostly demolished during the citys development. Historic Native American tribes in the area included the Siouan-speaking Osage people, whose territory extended west, European exploration of the area was first recorded in 1673, when French explorers Louis Jolliet and Jacques Marquette traveled through the Mississippi River valley. Five years later, La Salle claimed the region for France as part of La Louisiane. The earliest European settlements in the area were built in Illinois Country on the east side of the Mississippi River during the 1690s and early 1700s at Cahokia, Kaskaskia, migrants from the French villages on the opposite side of the Mississippi River founded Ste. In early 1764, after France lost the 7 Years War, Pierre Laclède, the early French families built the citys economy on the fur trade with the Osage, as well as with more distant tribes along the Missouri River. The Chouteau brothers gained a monopoly from Spain on the fur trade with Santa Fe, French colonists used African slaves as domestic servants and workers in the city. In 1780 during the American Revolutionary War, St. Louis was attacked by British forces, mostly Native American allies, the founding of St. Louis began in 1763. Pierre Laclede led an expedition to set up a fur-trading post farther up the Mississippi River, before then, Laclede had been a very successful merchant. For this reason, he and his trading partner Gilbert Antoine de St. Maxent were offered monopolies for six years of the fur trading in that area
St. Louis, Missouri
–
From top left:
Forest Park Jewel Box,
MetroLink at
Lambert-St. Louis International Airport,
Apotheosis of St. Louis at the
Saint Louis Art Museum, The
Gateway Arch and the St. Louis skyline,
Busch Stadium, and the
St. Louis Zoo
St. Louis, Missouri
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An illustrated map by F. Graf; Saint Louis in 1896.
St. Louis, Missouri
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South Broadway after a May 27, 1896, tornado
St. Louis, Missouri
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Westward view of St. Louis skyline, September 2008.
14.
Missouri
–
Missouri is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States, achieving statehood in 1821. With over six million residents, it is the eighteenth most populous state, the largest urban areas are St. Louis, Kansas City, Springfield, and Columbia. The capitol is in Jefferson City on the Missouri River, the state is the twenty-first most extensive by area and is geographically diverse. The Northern Plains were once covered by glaciers, then tallgrass prairie, in the South are the Ozarks, a forested highland, providing timber, minerals, and recreation. The Mississippi River forms the border of the state, eventually flowing into the swampy Missouri Bootheel. Humans have inhabited what we now call Missouri for at least 12,000 years, the Mississippian culture built cities and mounds, before declining in the 1300s. When European explorers arrived in the 1600s they encountered the Osage, the French established Louisiana, a part of New France, and founded Ste. Genevieve in 1735 and St. Louis in 1764, after a brief period of Spanish rule, the United States acquired the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. Americans from the Upland South, including enslaved African Americans, rushed into the new Missouri Territory, many from Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee settled in the Boonslick area of Mid-Missouri. Soon after, heavy German immigration formed the Missouri Rhineland, Missouri played a central role in the westward expansion of the United States, as memorialized by the Gateway Arch. The Pony Express, Oregon Trail, Santa Fe Trail, as a border state, Missouris role in the American Civil War was complex and there were many conflicts within. After the war, both Greater St. Louis and the Kansas City metropolitan area became centers of industrialization and business, today, the state is divided into 114 counties and the independent city of St. Louis. Missouris culture blends elements from the Midwestern and Southern United States, the musical styles of ragtime, Kansas City jazz, and St. Louis Blues, developed in Missouri. The well-known Kansas City-style barbecue, and lesser known St. Louis-style barbecue can be found across the state, St. Louis is also a major center of beer brewing, Anheuser-Busch is the largest producer in the world. Missouri wine is produced in the nearby Missouri Rhineland and Ozarks, Missouris alcohol laws are among the most permissive in the United States. Outside of the large cities popular tourist destinations include the Lake of the Ozarks, U. S. President Harry S. Truman is from Missouri. Other well known Missourians include Mark Twain, Walt Disney, Chuck Berry, some of the largest companies based in the state include Express Scripts, Monsanto, Emerson Electric, Edward Jones, and OReilly Auto Parts. Missouri has been called the Mother of the West and the Cave State, however, Missouris most famous nickname is the Show Me State, the state is named for the Missouri River, which was named after the indigenous Missouri Indians, a Siouan-language tribe
Missouri
–
A physiographic map of Missouri.
Missouri
–
Flag
Missouri
–
The
Bell Mountain Wilderness of southern Missouri's
Mark Twain National Forest
Missouri
–
External video
15.
Hazelwood Central High School
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Hazelwood Central High School is located at 15875 New Halls Ferry Road in unincorporated St. Louis County, adjacent to the current northeast boundary of Florissant, Missouri. The school is one of three schools in the district, the others being Hazelwood West High School and Hazelwood East High School. The school population is the second-largest in the state of Missouri with an enrollment of 2,365 according to the Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education. The first Hazelwood High School was completed in 1954, located at 1865 Dunn Road in unincorporated North St. Louis County, the building is still in use as a school – Hazelwood East Middle School. The first year it held 2515 students who were in the 10th to 12th grades and it was the only high school in the district and it quickly became overcrowded as the baby boomers reached high school age. In 1977, with the opening of two high schools Hazelwood East High School and Hazelwood West High School, Hazelwood Central returned to a conventional day schedule. By 2005, the student body population was again approaching 3,000 students. During the 2006–2007 school year, the announced that it was redrawing the boundaries of the three high schools, effective fall 2008
Hazelwood Central High School
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Learners Today; Leaders Tomorrow.
Hazelwood Central High School
–
Alex Tyus
16.
University of Missouri
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The University of Missouri is a public land-grant research university located in Columbia, Missouri, U. S. It was founded in 1839 as the first public institution of higher education west of the Mississippi River, as the largest university in the state, it enrolled 32,777 students in 2016, offering over 300 degree programs in 19 academic colleges in the 2014–2015 school year. It is the campus of the University of Missouri System, which also maintains campuses in Kansas City, Rolla. MU is one of the nations top-tier R1 institutions and one of the 34 public universities to be members of the Association of American Universities, there are more than 300,000 MU alumni living worldwide with over one half continuing to reside in Missouri. The university was ranked 103rd among national universities in the 2016 U. S. News & World Report rankings, starting in December 1953, it boasts the countrys only university-owned TV network affiliate, operated by the Missouri School of Journalism. In 1908, the worlds first school of journalism was founded by Walter Williams as the Missouri School of Journalism, the University of Missouri Research Reactor Center is the worlds most powerful university research reactor. MU is one of six public universities in the United States with a school of medicine, veterinary medicine, engineering, agriculture. The university also owns the University of Missouri Health Care system, the only athletic program that operates a NCAA Division I FBS football team in Missouri is known as the Missouri Tigers and competes as a member of the Southeastern Conference. The schools mascot, Truman the Tiger, is named after Missourian, according to the NCAA, the American tradition of homecoming was established at the university in 1911, the tradition has since been adopted nationwide. In 1839, the Missouri Legislature passed the Geyer Act to establish funds for a state university and it would be the first public university west of the Mississippi River. To secure the university, the citizens of Columbia and Boone County pledged $117,921 in cash, the land on which the university was eventually constructed was just south of Columbias downtown and owned by James S. Rollins. He was later called the Father of the University, as the first public university in the Louisiana Purchase, the school was shaped by Thomas Jeffersons ideas about public education. In 1862 the American Civil War forced the university to close for much of the year, residents of Columbia formed a home guard militia that became known as the Fighting Tigers of Columbia. They were given the name for their readiness to protect the city and university, in 1890, the universitys newly formed football team took the name the Tigers after the Civil War militia. In 1870 the institution was granted land-grant college status under the Morrill Act of 1862, the act led to the founding of the Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy as an offshoot of the main campus in Columbia. It developed as the present-day Missouri University of Science and Technology, in 1888 the Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station opened. This grew to encompass ten centers and research farms around Missouri, by 1890 the university encompassed a normal college, engineering college, arts and science college, school of agriculture and mechanical arts. School of medicine, and school of law, on January 9,1892, Academic Hall, the institutions main building, burned in a fire that completely gutted the building, leaving little more standing than six stone Ionic columns
University of Missouri
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Fire at
Academic Hall, 1892
University of Missouri
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University of Missouri
University of Missouri
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Painting of the Red Campus soon after the construction of
Jesse Hall
University of Missouri
–
Francis Quadrangle, featuring the columns and
Jesse Hall
17.
Alpha Delta Pi
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Alpha Delta Pi is a National Panhellenic sorority founded on May 15,1851 at Wesleyan College in Macon, Georgia. Alpha Delta Pi is known for being the first secret society for women at Wesleyan Female College. Alpha Delta Pi, nicknamed ADPi, was founded as the first girls sorority on May 15,1851 at Wesleyan Female College in Macon and it was first named the Adelphean Society, a secret society focused on fellowship and scholarship for girls. Alpha Delta Pi was the first secret society for women, the sorority was founded on the principles of scholarship, leadership, service to others, and sisterhood. These principles still guide the policies and programs of the sorority today, the open motto of ADPi is We Live for Each Other, and its colors are azure blue and white. The official flower is the violet, however, since woodland violets are found in the wild and not available for purchase. The mascot for Alpha Delta Pi is a lion with the nickname of Alphie, Alpha Delta Pi currently has 155 chapters in the United States and Canada, with the majority concentrated in the southern United States, and over 140 alumnae associations. Their Executive Office is located in Atlanta, Georgia and its national philanthropy is the Ronald McDonald House Charities. Alpha Delta Pi was founded by six women, Eugenia Tucker Fitzgerald, Elizabeth Williams Mitchell, Sophronia Woodruff Dews, Octavia Andrew Rush, Mary Evans Glass, Wesleyan College, the first college for women in the world, was chartered to grant degrees to women. Young women fortunate enough to receive an education were from progressive. A typical day for a Wesleyan student was highly regulated, there was a precise schedule for waking, eating, attending classes, taking fresh air and exercising, studying, attending chapel and sleeping. They had few personal liberties and little time for thinking and socializing. Alpha Delta Pi is a member of the National Panhellenic Conference, the symbols of Alpha Delta Pi are, Badge - The first diamond-shaped badge was worn by the Adelpheans in 1852. Stars were not included on this first badge, but it did have a monogram of the Wesleyan pin attached to the badge by a link chain, in 1854, the stars were added, but it was not until 1874 that the stars and the clasped hands were raised. This design remained with only slight modifications until 1906 when, at Alpha Delta Pis first convention and her design was a smaller gold badge with a black enamel center which pictured the clasped hands, the two stars, and the Greek letters, Alpha Delta Phi. This design was adopted by the convention and is the same pin we have today, Alpha Badge - New Member Badge, New members wear a gold pin with a lion atop the Greek letters ΒΥΑ. Mascot - The lion is the mascot of Alpha Delta Pi, Official Colors - Azure blue and white are the official colors of Alpha Delta Pi. Blue is symbolic of friendship, the basic spirit upon which Alpha Delta Pi was founded, white symbolizes sincerity and truth, two of the qualities in which Alpha Delta Pi looks for in its members
Alpha Delta Pi
–
Alpha Delta Pi
Alpha Delta Pi
–
Alpha Delta Pi
Sorority House at
Ohio University.
Alpha Delta Pi
–
University of Illinois chapter house, listed in the
NRHP
18.
Ashland, Missouri
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Ashland is a city in Boone County, Missouri, United States. Ashland is part of the Columbia, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area, the population was 3,707 at the 2010 census. It was named from the Ashland estate of Kentucky Congressman Henry Clay in Lexington, Clay was instrumental in the Missouri Compromise of 1820, which allowed Missouris admission as the 24th state. Ashland is located at 38°46′24″N 92°15′28″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.80 square miles, of which,4.79 square miles is land and 0.01 square miles is water. As of the census of 2010, there were 3,707 people,1,428 households, the population density was 773.9 inhabitants per square mile. There were 1,530 housing units at a density of 319.4 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 96. 7% White,0. 8% African American,0. 3% Native American,0. 5% Asian,0. 4% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. 5% of the population. 25. 8% of all households were made up of individuals and 10. 1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.07. The median age in the city was 33.9 years. 29. 4% of residents were under the age of 18,6. 1% were between the ages of 18 and 24,31. 4% were from 25 to 44, 22% were from 45 to 64, and 11. 3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47. 0% male and 53. 0% female, at the 2000 census, there were 1,869 people,748 households and 495 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,106.7 per square mile, there were 820 housing units at an average density of 924.3 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 97. 27% White,0. 43% African American,0. 43% Native American,0. 43% Asian,0. 80% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. 34% of the population. 27. 0% of all households were made up of individuals and 10. 2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.87. 27. 2% of the population were under the age of 18,8. 3% from 18 to 24,32. 7% from 25 to 44,16. 3% from 45 to 64, the median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 82.5 males, for every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.8 males. The median household income was $34,750 and the family income was $41,136. Males had an income of $28,203 versus $24,180 for females
Ashland, Missouri
–
Location of Ashland, Missouri
19.
Rock Bridge High School
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Rock Bridge High School is a public high school located in southern Columbia, Missouri. The school serves grades 9 through 12 and is a part of the Columbia Public Schools, the board bought 42 acres of land in southern Columbia and started the construction of the new high school. The name Rock Bridge was chosen because of the proximity to the natural rock bridge of Rock Bridge State Park. Construction started in 1969 on the portion of the building, consisting of 18 classrooms. Many of these classrooms were connected by motorized folding walls, many of which are still operational, the design of the original portion and its three planned additions, of which two were completed, won a national award in school design. The school was planned to open in 1971, but funding issues pushed back construction of the phase of the building. As such, this original portion sat unused for a year or two while the portion was not yet complete. Construction started on the portion in early 1972, which added the Main Commons, another office area, the library, the gymnasium. In September 1973, with the completion of the second portion, Rock Bridge was considered enough to open and had a class of 583 students, mostly sophomores. This high school was the second air conditioned school built in Columbia after Oakland Junior High School north of town. In 1974, the planetarium was completed with a capacity of nearly 90 people, featuring a star ball. In 1979, the west wing opened, which was basically an image of the original 1971 building. The west wing featured about ten classrooms, as well as science, art. Three new science classrooms, as well as an arts center, were added in 1992. Enrollment reached 1000 in the 1995-96 school year, in January 2013 Rock Bridge opened a new auxiliary gym after freshmen began attending high school following the secondary redistricting in August. The area under the auxiliary gym featured a new wrestling room, a new weight room was also added. Rock Bridge runs on a block scheduling format during the hours of 8,55 AM to 4,05 PM and this format is structured so that students have four 90-minute-long classes each day. However, most of these classes meet every day for a total of eight classes for the year
Rock Bridge High School
–
Rock Bridge High School
Rock Bridge High School
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"Where learning is for life."
20.
Columbia, Missouri
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Columbia /kəˈlʌmbiə/ is a city in the U. S. state of Missouri and the county seat of Boone County. Founded in 1818, it is home to the University of Missouri and is the city of the Columbia Metropolitan Area. It is Missouris fourth most-populous city, with a population of 119,108 in 2015. As a midwestern town, the city has a reputation for progressive politics, public art. At the center of Downtown is 8th Street, also known as the Avenue of the Columns, which connects Francis Quadrangle and Jesse Hall to the Boone County Courthouse, originally an agricultural town, the cultivation of the mind is Columbias chief economic concern today. Never a major center of manufacturing, the city depends on healthcare, insurance. Several companies, such as Shelter Insurance, Carfax, and Slackers CDs, cultural institutions include the State Historical Society of Missouri, the Museum of Art and Archaeology, and the annual True/False Film Festival. The Missouri Tigers, the only major college athletic program, play football at Faurot Field. The city is built upon the hills and rolling prairies of Mid-Missouri, near the Missouri River valley. Limestone forms bluffs and glades while rain carves caves and springs which water the Hinkson, Roche Perche, surrounding the city, Rock Bridge Memorial State Park, Mark Twain National Forest, and Big Muddy National Fish and Wildlife Refuge all form a greenbelt preserving sensitive and rare environments. The first humans were hunters who entered the area at least twelve thousand years ago. Later, woodland tribes lived in villages along waterways and built mounds in high places, the Osage and Missouria nations were expelled by the exploration of French traders and the rapid settlement of American pioneers. German, Irish, and other European immigrants soon joined, the modern populace is unusually diverse, over eight percent foreign-born. While White and Black remain the largest ethnicities, Asians are now the third-largest group, todays Columbians are remarkably highly educated and culturally midwestern, though traces of their Southern past remain. The city has called the Athens of Missouri for its classic beauty and educational emphasis. The Columbia area was part of the Mississippian culture and home to the Mound Builders. When European explorers arrived, the area was populated by the Osage, in 1678, La Salle claimed all of Missouri for France. The Lewis and Clark Expedition passed by the area on the Missouri River in early June 1804, in 1806, two sons of Daniel Boone established a salt lick 40 miles northwest of Columbia
Columbia, Missouri
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Jesse Hall and the columns on
Francis Quadrangle at the
University of Missouri
Columbia, Missouri
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An aerial depiction of Columbia's downtown district in 1869. The large building on the right is University of Missouri Academic Hall.
Columbia, Missouri
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A busy day on Broadway in 1919.
Columbia, Missouri
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Downtown Columbia, facing southeast on Fifth St.
21.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
New York City
–
Clockwise, from top:
Midtown Manhattan,
Times Square, the
Unisphere in
Queens, the
Brooklyn Bridge,
Lower Manhattan with
One World Trade Center,
Central Park, the
headquarters of the United Nations, and the
Statue of Liberty
New York City
–
New Amsterdam, centered in the eventual
Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year
England took control and renamed it "New York".
New York City
–
The
Battle of Long Island, the largest battle of the
American Revolution, took place in
Brooklyn in 1776.
New York City
–
Broadway follows the Native American Wickquasgeck Trail through Manhattan.
22.
Soap opera
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A soap opera, soap, or soapie, is a serial drama on television or radio that examines the lives of many characters, usually focusing on emotional relationships to the point of melodrama. The term soap opera originated from such dramas being typically sponsored by soap manufacturers in the past, the first serial considered to be a soap opera was Painted Dreams, which debuted on October 20,1930 on Chicago radio station WGN. The first nationally broadcast radio soap opera was Clara, Lu, and Em, a crucial element that defines the soap opera is the open-ended serial nature of the narrative, with stories spanning several episodes. One of the features that makes a television program a soap opera. While Spanish language telenovelas are sometimes called soap operas, telenovelas have conflicts that get resolved, but with soap operas each episode ends with a promise that the storyline is to be continued in another episode. You spend more time even with the characters, the apparent villains grow less apparently villainous. Soap opera storylines run concurrently, intersect and lead into further developments, each episode may feature some of the shows current storylines, but not always all of them. Soap operas rarely bring all the current storylines to a conclusion at the same time, when one storyline ends, there are several other story threads at differing stages of development. Soap opera episodes typically end on some sort of cliffhanger, evening soap operas and those that air at a rate of one episode per week are more likely to feature the entire cast in each episode, and to represent all current storylines in each episode. Evening soap operas and serials that run for only part of the year tend to bring things to a dramatic end-of-season cliffhanger, the article explained that at that time, many prime time series lost money, while daytime serials earned profits several times more than their production costs. Fitting in with these characteristics, most soap operas follow the lives of a group of characters who live or work in a particular place, the storylines follow the day-to-day activities and personal relationships of these characters. These elements may be found across the gamut of soap operas, Due to the prominence of English-language television, most soap-operas are completely English. In many soap operas, in particular daytime serials in the US, Soap operas from the United Kingdom and Australia tend to focus on more everyday characters and situations, and are frequently set in working class environments. Many of the soaps produced in two countries explore social realist storylines such as family discord, marriage breakdown or financial problems. This diverges from US soap operas where such comedy is rare, UK soap operas frequently make a claim to presenting reality or purport to have a realistic style. Romance, secret relationships, extramarital affairs, and genuine hate have been the basis for many soap opera storylines, in US daytime serials, the most popular soap opera characters, and the most popular storylines, often involved a romance of the sort presented in paperback romance novels. Crimes such as kidnapping, rape, and even murder may go unpunished if the perpetrator is to be retained in the ongoing story, Australian and UK soap operas also feature a significant proportion of romance storylines. In Russia, most popular serials explore the romantic quality of criminal and/or oligarch life, in soap opera storylines, previously unknown children, siblings and twins of established characters often emerge to upset and reinvigorate the set of relationships examined by the series
Soap opera
–
Publicity photo of
Rosemary Prinz as
Penny Hughes from
As the World Turns.
Soap opera
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A scene from EastEnders on Christmas Day 1986, watched by 30.15 million viewers. The story, in which
Den Watts served his wife
Angie with
divorce papers, was the highest-rated soap episode in British history, and the highest-rated program in the UK during the 1980s.
Soap opera
–
Leah Thys, actress in the Belgian soap
Thuis. At the back Peter Rouffaer is visible.
23.
The Edge of Night
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The Edge of Night is an American television mystery series/soap opera produced by Procter & Gamble. The Edge of Night, whose working title was The Edge of Darkness, premiered on April 2,1956, prior to the debuts of both shows, 15-minute-long shows had been the standard. Both shows aired on CBS, sponsored by Procter & Gamble, the show was originally conceived as the daytime television version of Perry Mason, which was popular in novel and radio formats at the time. Masons creator Erle Stanley Gardner was to create and write the show, CBS insisted that Mason be given a love interest to placate daytime soap opera audiences, but Gardner refused to take Mason in that direction. Gardner eventually patched up his differences with CBS, and Perry Mason debuted in prime time in 1957, in 1956, a writer from the Perry Mason radio show, Irving Vendig, created a retooled idea for daytime television—and The Edge of Night was born. John Larkin, radios best identified Perry Mason, was cast as the protagonist-star, initially as a detective, eventually as an attorney, unlike Perry Mason, whose adventures took place in Southern California, the daytime series was set in the fictional Midwestern city of Monticello. A frequent backdrop for the early scenes was a restaurant called the Ho-Hi-Ho. The state capital, however, was known generically as Capital City, from its beginning in 1956 until roughly 1980, the downtown skyline of the city of Cincinnati stood in as Monticello. Procter & Gamble, which produced the show, was based in Cincinnati, in later years, the Los Angeles skyline replaced that of Cincinnati. The skyline motif was eventually eliminated altogether in the two years of the show, as was the word The in the title. During most of the run, viewers were treated to an announcer enthusiastically and energetically announcing the shows title. Bob Dixon was the first announcer in 1956, followed by Herbert Duncan, the two voices most identified with the show, however, were those of Harry Kramer and Hal Simms, who announced until the series ended in 1984. The Edge of Night played on more levels than probably any other soap of its time. It was unique among soap operas in that it focused on crime. The shows particular focus on crime was recognized in 1980, when, in honor of its 25 years on the air, the Edge of Night had more prominent male characters than most soap operas, and included genuine humor in its scripts to balance the heaviness of the storylines. The shows central protagonist was Mike Karr, tireless crimefighter, introduced as an officer who was finishing law school. This character evolved from the earlier Perry Mason character on radio and he then progressed to the district attorneys office as an assistant district attorney, hung his own shingle as a defense attorney for several years, then became district attorney of Monticello. Karr was portrayed by three actors, John Larkin, Laurence Hugo, and Forrest Compton, over the years, the show featured many notable performers and celebrities, usually in small cameo appearances, but some in roles important to the storylines
The Edge of Night
–
The Edge of Night
24.
Willie Scott (Indiana Jones character)
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This is a list of characters in the Indiana Jones series. Indiana is a nickname he adopted from childhood, it was the name of his pet dog, wearing a fedora and armed with a revolver and a whip, Indiana is regularly confronted by villains, booby traps, and snakes, of which he is deathly afraid. Actors who have portrayed Indiana at different ages include River Phoenix, Corey Carrier, Sean Patrick Flanery, Satipo is a guide accompanying Indy in the temple in the films opening. He follows behind him through the traps on the way in. When Indy and Satipo reach a pit on the way out, Satipo makes it over with Indys whip, Indy throws over the fertility idol to Satipo, who offered to throw him his whip for it, but he betrays Indy, dropping the whip and fleeing. In his haste, he forgot to mind the wall trap he had witnessed Indy test and is killed, Indiana makes it out. He appears in the video game Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine in the secret level Return to Peru and his name is based in a Peruvian town and county, Satipo in Satipo County in Junín State. Jock Lindsey is an American freelance pilot, Jock cut his teeth as a stunt pilot performing in Midwest airshows and relocated to Venezuela after a rumored flight-related tragedy. He frequently was hired by Jones to fly the archaeologist to remote parts of the world, easygoing and affable, Jock butted heads with Indiana on only one subject, his pet snake Reggie. According to the novelization of Raiders of the Lost Ark written by Campbell Black, Jock is Scottish, the Jock Lindseys Hangar Bar cocktail lounge at Disney Springs says he settled down in central Florida in 1938. Barranca is the other Peruvian guide who turns against Indiana, when Barranca draws a revolver, Indy uses his famous bullwhip and wraps the whip around the gun. The gun is yanked from Barrancas hand and lands in a stream, Barranca then runs away but is later killed with poisonous darts by the Hovitos tribe. In the early script of the film, written by Lawrence Kasdan, when Barranca pulls his gun out on Jones, the archaeologist uses his whip to make Barranca shoot himself, but the script was scrapped. Like Satipo, his name is based on a Peruvian town and county, Barranca, Barranca Ward, Barranca County, Dr. René Emile Belloq is the main antagonist in Raiders of the Lost Ark. He is a French archaeologist who takes credit for Indianas findings by following his exploits, in the films opening, Belloq and the Hovitos tribesmen force Indiana to hand over a fertility idol he has braved numerous booby traps to obtain. Belloq aids the Nazis in finding the Ark of the Covenant, the spirits within the Ark kill Belloq and the Nazis when it is opened, allowing Indiana to take the Ark back to the United States government. At one point in the film, Belloq says to Indy that they are much alike. The novelization of the movie reveals Belloq became Indianas foe at graduate school, another encounter in 1934 is detailed, when Indiana spends months preparing a dig in Rub al Khali, only to arrive and discover Belloq has excavated the region
Willie Scott (Indiana Jones character)
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Toht (left) and Belloq
Willie Scott (Indiana Jones character)
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Marcus Brody
Willie Scott (Indiana Jones character)
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Willie (right) and Short Round (left) inspect Pankot Palace's cuisine
Willie Scott (Indiana Jones character)
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Mola Ram holding a human heart
25.
Harrison Ford
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Harrison Ford is an American actor and film producer. He gained worldwide fame for his roles as Han Solo in the Star Wars film series. Six of his films have been inducted into the National Film Registry, American Graffiti, The Conversation, Star Wars, The Empire Strikes Back, Raiders of the Lost Ark and Blade Runner. In 1997, Ford was ranked No.1 in Empires The Top 100 Movie Stars of All Time list. As of 2016, the U. S. domestic box-office grosses of Fords films total over US$4.7 billion, with worldwide grosses surpassing $6 billion, Ford is married to actress Calista Flockhart. Ford was born at the Swedish Covenant Hospital in Chicago, Illinois to Christopher Ford, an executive and former actor, and Dorothy. A younger brother, Terence, was born in 1945, Fords paternal grandparents, John Fitzgerald Ford and Florence Veronica Niehaus, were of Irish Catholic and German descent, respectively. Fords maternal grandparents, Harry Nidelman and Anna Lifschutz, were Jewish immigrants from Minsk, when asked in which religion he and his brother were raised, Ford jokingly responded, Democrat, to be liberals of every stripe. Ford was active in the Boy Scouts of America, and achieved its second-highest rank and he worked at Napowan Adventure Base Scout camp as a counselor for the Reptile Study merit badge. Because of this, he and director Steven Spielberg later decided to depict the young Indiana Jones as a Life Scout in the film Indiana Jones, in 1960, Ford graduated from Maine East High School in Park Ridge, Illinois. His was the first student voice broadcast on his high schools new radio station, WMTH and he attended Ripon College in Wisconsin, where he was a philosophy major and a member of the Sigma Nu fraternity. He took a class in the final quarter of his senior year to get over his shyness. Ford, a late bloomer, became fascinated with acting. In 1964, after a season of stock with the Belfry Players in Wisconsin. He did not get it, but stayed in California and eventually signed a contract with Columbia Pictures New Talent program. His first known role was a role as a bellhop in Dead Heat on a Merry-Go-Round. There is little record of his roles in film. Ford was at the bottom of the hiring list, having offended producer Jerry Tokovsky after he played a bellboy in the feature
Harrison Ford
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Ford at the 2015
San Diego Comic-Con International
Harrison Ford
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Ford with
Chandran Rutnam on the set of
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom which was shot in
Kandy,
Sri Lanka in 1983
Harrison Ford
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Ford in 2007
Harrison Ford
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Ford at the
2008 Cannes Film Festival
26.
Indiana Jones
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Henry Indiana Jones Jr. is a fictional character and the protagonist of the Indiana Jones franchise. George Lucas created the character in homage to the heroes of 1930s film serials. The character is featured in novels, comics, video games. Jones is also featured in the Disney theme park attraction, Indiana Jones Adventure at Disneyland and Tokyo DisneySea, the character is distinguished by his appearance, sense of humor, deep knowledge of many ancient civilizations and languages, and fear of snakes. Since his first appearance in Raiders of the Lost Ark, Indiana Jones has become one of cinemas most famous characters, in 2003, the American Film Institute ranked him the second greatest film hero of all time. He was also named the 6th Greatest Movie Character by Empire magazine, Entertainment Weekly ranked Indy 2nd on their list of The All-Time Coolest Heroes in Pop Culture. Premiere magazine also placed Indy at number 7 on their list of The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time, Indiana Jones is featured at several Walt Disney theme park attractions. The Indiana Jones Adventure attractions at Disneyland and Tokyo DisneySea place Indy at the forefront of two similar archaeological discoveries and these two temples each contain a wrathful deity who threatens the guests who ride through in World War II troop transports. The attractions, some of the most expensive of their kind at the time, opened in 1995 and 2001, respectively, however, the Indiana Jones featured in the DisneySea version does use Harrison Fords likeness but uses Japanese audio for all of his speaking parts. In 2010, some of the Indy audio-animatronics at the Disneyland version were replaced with ones resembling Ford, Disneyland Paris also features an Indiana Jones-titled ride where people speed off through ancient ruins in a runaway mine wagon similar to that found in Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom. Indiana Jones and the Temple of Peril is a roller coaster engineered by Intamin, designed by Walt Disney Imagineering. The 25-minute show presents various stunts framed in the context of a film production. Stunt artists in the show re-create and ultimately reveal some of the secrets of the stunts of the Raiders of the Lost Ark films, stunt performer Anislav Varbanov was fatally injured in August 2009, while rehearsing the popular show. Also at Disneys Hollywood Studios, an audio-animatronic Indiana Jones appears in another attraction and he also attended the University of Chicago. In this first adventure, he is pitted against the Nazis, in consequence, Dr Jones travels the world to prevent them from recovering the Ark of the Covenant. He is aided by Marion Ravenwood and Sallah, the Nazis are led by Joness archrival, a Nazi-sympathizing French archaeologist named René Belloq, and Arnold Toht, a sinister Gestapo agent. In the 1984 prequel, Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom, set in 1935, Jones travels to India and attempts to free enslaved children and he is aided by Short Round, a young boy, and is accompanied by singer Willie Scott. The film was a movie of sorts, teaming Jones with his father
Indiana Jones
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Harrison Ford as Indiana Jones in
Raiders of the Lost Ark
Indiana Jones
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Sean Patrick Flanery as the young adult Indiana Jones
Indiana Jones
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Action on the set of Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular at Disney's Hollywood Studios, Orlando, Florida.
Indiana Jones
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Harrison Ford as the mature Jones in
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008)
27.
Raiders of the Lost Ark
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Raiders of the Lost Ark is a 1981 American action adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg, with a screenplay written by Lawrence Kasdan, from a story by George Lucas and Philip Kaufman. It was produced by Frank Marshall for Lucasfilm Ltd. with Lucas, starring Harrison Ford, it was the first installment in the Indiana Jones film franchise to be released, though it is the second in internal chronological order. It pits Indiana Jones against a group of Nazis who are searching for the Ark of the Covenant, the film originated from Lucas desire to create a modern version of the serials of the 1930s and 1940s. Production was based at Elstree Studios, England, but filming took place in La Rochelle, France, Tunisia, Hawaii. Released on June 12,1981, Raiders of the Lost Ark became the years top-grossing film, in 1999, the film was included in the U. S. Library of Congress National Film Registry as having been deemed culturally, historically, Raiders of the Lost Ark is often ranked as one of the greatest films of all time, both in the action-adventure genre, and in general. The film also ranks #2 on Empires 2008 list of the 500 greatest movies of all time, in 1936, archaeologist Indiana Jones braves an ancient booby-trapped temple in Peru and retrieves a golden idol. He is confronted by rival archaeologist René Belloq and the indigenous Hovito people, surrounded and outnumbered, Indy surrenders the idol to Belloq and escapes aboard a waiting floatplane. Jones returns to his position at Marshall College, where he is interviewed by two Army Intelligence agents. They inform him that the Nazis are searching for his old mentor, Abner Ravenwood, the Staff of Ra is the key to finding the Well of Souls, a secret chamber in which the Ark is buried. The agents authorize Jones to recover the Ark to prevent the Nazis from obtaining it and he travels to Nepal and discovers that Abner has died, and the headpiece is in the possession of Ravenwoods daughter Marion. Jones visits Marion at her tavern, where she reveals her feelings toward him from a previous romantic affair. She physically rebuffs his offer to buy the headpiece, and Jones leaves, shortly after, a group of thugs arrive with their Nazi commander, Arnold Toht. Indy and Marion escape with the headpiece, and Marion decides to accompany Indy in his search for the Ark so he can repay his debt to her, the pair travels to Cairo, where they meet up with Indys friend Sallah, a skilled excavator. Sallah informs them that Belloq and the Nazis are digging for the Well of Souls with a replica of the headpiece and they quickly realize the Nazi headpiece is incomplete and that the Nazis are digging in the wrong place. The Nazis kidnap Marion and it appears to Jones that she is killed in an exploding truck, after a confrontation with Belloq in a local bar, Indy and Sallah infiltrate the Nazi dig site and use their staff to correctly locate the Ark. Indy discovers Marion is alive, bound and gagged in a tent, Indy, Sallah, and a small group of diggers unearth the Well of Souls and acquire the Ark. Belloq and Nazi officer Colonel Dietrich arrive, seize the Ark from Jones, Jones and Marion escape to a local airstrip, where Jones has a fistfight with a Nazi mechanic and destroys the flying wing that was to transport the Ark to Berlin
Raiders of the Lost Ark
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Theatrical release poster by
Richard Amsel
28.
SpaceCamp
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SpaceCamp is a 1986 American space adventure film based on a book by Patrick Bailey and Larry B. Williams and inspired by the U. S. Directed by Harry Winer from a screenplay by Clifford Green and Casey T. Mitchell, Scott, Lea Thompson, Tate Donovan, and Joaquin Phoenix. The film was panned by critics and is famous for being a marketing nightmare, the film performed poorly at the box office, grossing less than $10 million in the US. A rewrite of the book, released to coincide with the movie and they meet their instructor Andie Bergstrom, a NASA-trained astronaut who is frustrated that she has not yet been assigned to a shuttle mission. Her bitterness is compounded by the fact that her husband, camp director Zach Bergstrom, is an astronaut who has walked on the moon, Max befriends a robot named Jinx, which was deemed unsuitable for space work because it overheated and was overly-literal. Max and the robot declare themselves to be friends forever, Kathryn and Kevin sneak away for some romance near the launch pad, but Jinx unintentionally gives them away when Andie and Zach discover they are missing. During a confrontation, Andie explains that she believes Kathryn has what it takes to accomplish her ambition, while Kathryn vows to improve her performance, Zachs conversation with Kevin is less successful. Kevin takes out his anger on Max, upset, Max states. I wish I was in space. Jinx overhears and takes what he said literally, the group are allowed to sit in the Space Shuttle Atlantis during a routine engine test. Jinx secretly enters NASAs computer room and triggers a thermal curtain failure, in order to avoid a crash, Launch Control is forced to ignite the second booster and launch the shuttle. The shuttle is not flight ready, has no long range radio, Andie takes the shuttle to the partially constructed Space Station Daedalus to retrieve oxygen stored there. Realizing that while they have no voice communications with NASA they do have telemetry, Tish begins using a switch to send a Morse code signal to NASA, Andie is slightly too big to reach the oxygen cylinders, so Max suits up for an EVA. In the shuttle, Rudy attempts to decipher the technical schematics to work out how to feed the oxygen into the shuttles tanks and his lack of confidence combined with the time pressure frustrates Kathryn, who tries reading the diagram herself and gives Andie instructions that conflict with Rudys. Kathryns self-confidence is shaken as she realizes her interference nearly caused disaster, the second oxygen container malfunctions, injuring Andie. Unaware of this, Ground Control begins the sequence to land the shuttle – closing the bay doors. Andie regains consciousness and urges them to leave her and take the re-entry window, Kathryn is unable to make a decision, but Kevin finally shows himself to be the shuttle Commander and overrides the autopilot enabling Max to rescue Andie. Having missed the Edwards re-entry window, the crew comes up with a plan to land at White Sands, armed with this news, Tish uses Morse Code to signal NASA to let them land there. At Ground Control, Jinx brings the signal to Zachs attention, with Andie injured, Kathryn fulfils her role as pilot, but begins fretting and doubting her abilities until Kevin cajoles and teases her into landing the shuttle
SpaceCamp
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Theatrical poster
29.
Richard Gere
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Richard Tiffany Gere is an American actor and humanitarian activist. He began acting in the 1970s, playing a role in Looking for Mr. Goodbar. He came to prominence in 1980 for his role in the film American Gigolo, which established him as a leading man, Gere was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. His mother, Doris Ann, was a housewife and his father, Homer George Gere, was an insurance agent for the Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company, and had originally intended to become a minister. Gere is their eldest son and second child and his paternal great-grandfather had changed the spelling of the surname from Geer. Both of his parents were Mayflower descendants, Geres ancestors include Pilgrims Francis Eaton, John Billington, George Soule, Richard Warren, Degory Priest, Francis Cooke and William Brewster. In 1967, Gere graduated from North Syracuse Central High School and he attended the University of Massachusetts Amherst on a gymnastics scholarship, majoring in philosophy, but did not graduate, leaving after two years. Gere first worked professionally at the Seattle Repertory Theatre and Provincetown Playhouse on Cape Cod in 1971 and his first major acting role was in the original London stage version of Grease in 1973. He began appearing in Hollywood films in the mid-1970s, originally cast in a starring role in The Lords of Flatbush, he was replaced after fighting with another star of the film, Sylvester Stallone. He played a small but memorable part in Looking for Mr. Goodbar and starred in the director Terrence Malicks well-reviewed 1978 film, Days of Heaven. Gere was one of the first notable Hollywood actors to play a gay character, Gere won a Theatre World Award for his performance. Gere experienced several box office failures after 1982, but his career rebounded with the releases of Internal Affairs and he starred in several successful films throughout the 1990s, including Sommersby, Primal Fear and Runaway Bride. He also took a role in the 1997 action movie The Jackal. Geres 2004 ballroom dancing drama Shall We Dance. was also a performer that grossed $170 million worldwide. His next film, the 2005 adapted novel Bee Season, was a commercial failure, in 2008, Gere co-starred with Diane Lane in the romantic drama Nights in Rodanthe. The film was panned by critics, but grossed over $84 million worldwide. Later in his career, Gere was honored twice for his lifetime achievement, regarding his 2012 performance in Arbitrage, Lou Lumenick of the New York Post said Richard Gere gives the best performance of his career. He received an award from the 34th Cairo International Film Festival in December 2010, Gere had a relationship with actress Penelope Milford from 1971 to 1978
Richard Gere
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Gere at the
Montclair Film Festival, May 2015
Richard Gere
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Gere presented with a
Khata by the
14th Dalai Lama, October 17, 2007
Richard Gere
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Gere visits
USAID HIV /
AIDS "Operation Lighthouse" Project in Mumbai.
30.
Gene Hackman
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Eugene Allen Gene Hackman is a retired American actor and novelist. In a career spanning five decades, Hackman was nominated for five Academy Awards, winning Best Actor in The French Connection and he won three Golden Globes and two BAFTAs. He first came to fame in 1967 with his performance as Buck Barrow in Bonnie and Clyde, in which he gained his first Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor. His film roles during the 1990s featured, Unforgiven, The Firm, Crimson Tide, Get Shorty, The Birdcage, and Enemy of the State Later roles included, Behind Enemy Lines, and The Royal Tenenbaums. Hackmans final film appearance to date was the romantic comedy Welcome to Mooseport in 2004, Hackman was born in San Bernardino, California, the son of Eugene Ezra Hackman and Anna Lyda Elizabeth. He has Pennsylvania Dutch, English, and Scottish ancestry, his mother was born in Lambton, according to a plaque in a city park, he worked for a time as a dog catcher for the local animal shelter. His family moved frequently, finally settling in Danville, Illinois, hackmans father operated the printing press for the Commercial-News, a local paper. As a teenager, Hackman knew Dick Van Dyke, who was friends with his older brother Richard and his parents divorced in 1943 and his father subsequently left the family. Hackman lived briefly in Storm Lake, Iowa and spent his year at Storm Lake High School. However, he left home at age 16 and lied about his age to enlist in the United States Marine Corps and he served four and a half years as a field radio operator. When the Communist Revolution conquered the mainland in 1949, Hackman was assigned to Hawaii, following his discharge, he moved to New York and worked in several jobs. His mother died in 1962 as a result of a fire she accidentally set while smoking, in 1956, he began pursuing an acting career, he joined the Pasadena Playhouse in California. It was there that he forged a friendship with another aspiring actor, already seen as outsiders by their classmates, they were later voted The Least Likely To Succeed. Determined to prove them wrong, Hackman moved to New York City, reinforcing The Least Likely To Succeed vote, the man said to him, See, Hackman, I told you you wouldnt amount to anything. From then on, Hackman was determined to become the finest actor he possibly could, the three former roommates have since earned 19 Academy Award nominations for acting, with five wins. Hackman got various bit roles, for example on the TV series Route 66 in 1963, in 1964, he had an offer to co-star in the play Any Wednesday with actress Sandy Dennis. This opened the door to film work and his first role was in Lilith, with Warren Beatty in the leading role. In 1967, he appeared in an episode of the television series The Invaders entitled The Spores, another supporting role, Buck Barrow in 1967s Bonnie and Clyde, earned him an Academy Award nomination as Best Supporting Actor
Gene Hackman
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Gene Hackman at a book signing in June 2008
Gene Hackman
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Gene Hackman as
Jimmy "Popeye" Doyle in
The French Connection (1971)
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