The Kingdom of Georgia known as the Georgian Empire, was a medieval Eurasian monarchy which emerged circa 1008 AD. It reached its Golden Age of political and economic strength during the reign of King David IV and Queen Tamar the Great from 11th to 13th centuries. Georgia became one of the pre-eminent nations of the Christian East, her pan-Caucasian empire stretching, at its largest extent, from Eastern Europe and the North Caucasus to the northern portion of Iran and Anatolia, while maintaining religious possessions abroad, such as the Monastery of the Cross in Jerusalem and the Monastery of Iviron in Greece, it was the principal historical precursor of present-day Georgia. Lasting for several centuries, the kingdom fell to the Mongol invasions in the 13th century, but managed to re-assert sovereignty by the 1340s; the following decades were marked by the Black Death, as well as numerous invasions under the leadership of Timur, who devastated the country's economy and urban centers. The Kingdom's geopolitical situation further worsened after the fall of the Byzantine and Empire of Trebizond.

As a result of these processes, by the end of the 15th century Georgia turned into a fractured entity. Renewed incursions by Timur from 1386, the invasions by the Kara Koyunlu and Ak Koyunlu led to the final collapse of the kingdom into anarchy by 1466 and the mutual recognition of its constituent kingdoms of Kartli and Imereti as independent states between 1490 and 1493 – each led by a rival branch of the Bagrationi dynasty, into five semi-independent principalities – Odishi, Abkhazia and Samtskhe – dominated by their own feudal clans. Located on the crossroads of protracted Roman–Persian wars, the early Georgian kingdoms disintegrated into various feudal regions by the early Middle Ages; this made it easy for the remaining Georgian realms to fall prey to the early Muslim conquests in the 7th century. In struggle against the Arab occupation, Iberian princes of Bagrationi dynasty came to rule over Tao-Klarjeti, the former southern provinces of Iberia, established Kouropalatate of Iberia as a nominal vassal of the Byzantine Empire.

Bagrationi's continued fighting for the central Georgian land, known as Kartli, contested by the Kingdom of Abkhazia, the Arab emirs of Tbilisi and by Kakhetian and Armenian Bagratid rulers of Tashir-Dzoraget. The restoration of the Iberian kingship begins in 888, however Bagrationi dynasty failed to maintain the integrity of their kingdom, divided between the three branches of the family with the main branch retaining in Tao and another controlling Klarjeti. An Arab incursion into western Georgia was repelled by Abkhazians jointly with Lazic and Iberian allies in 736; the successful defense against the Arabs, the expansionist tendencies of the kingdom to the east and the struggle against Byzantium, fighting for the hegemony within the Georgian territories speed up the process of unification of Georgian states into a single feudal monarchy. In 9th century western Georgian Church broke away from Constantinople and recognized the authority of the Catholicate of Mtskheta. At the end of the 10th century David III of Tao invaded the Kartli and gave it to his foster-son Bagrat III and installed his father Gurgen as his regent, crowned as "King of the Iberians" in 994.

Through his mother Gurandukht, sister of the childless Abkhazian king Theodosius III, Bagrat was a potential heir to the realm of Abkhazia. Kingdom of Abkhazia was engulfed into complete chaos and feudal warfare under the rule of Bagrat's uncle Theodosius the Blind, a weak and inauspicious king. In 978, the former duke of Kartli, Ivane Marushisdze, aided by David III, forced Theodosius to abdicate the throne in favour of his nephew Bagrat; the latter proceeded to Kutaisi to be crowned King of the Abkhazia. Bagrat's descent from both Bagratid and Abkhazian dynasties made him an acceptable choice for the nobles of the realm who were growing weary of internecine quarrels. In 1008, Gurgen died, Bagrat succeeded him as "King of the Iberians", thus becoming the first King of a unified realm of Abkhazia and Iberia. After he had secured his patrimony, Bagrat proceeded to press a claim to the easternmost Georgian kingdom of Kakheti-Hereti and annexed it in or around 1010, after two years of fighting and aggressive diplomacy.

Anxious to create more stable and centralized monarchy, Bagrat eliminated or at least diminished the autonomy of the dynastic princes. In his eyes, the most possible internal danger came from the Klarjeti line of the Bagrationi. To secure the succession to his son, George I, Bagrat lured his cousins, on pretext of a reconciliatory meeting and threw them in prison in 1011, their possessions passed to his progeny. Their children – Bagrat, son of Sumbat, Demetre, son of Gurgen – fled to Constantinople from where they would try to retrieve patrimonial lands with the Byzantine aid, for the last time in 1032, but to no avail. Bagrat's reign, a period of uttermost importance in the history of Georgia, brought about the final victory of the Georgian Bagratids in the centuries-long power struggles. Bagrat's foreign policy was peaceful and the king manoeuvred to avoid the conflicts with both the Byzantine and Muslim neighbours though David's domains of Tao remained in the Byzantine and Tbilisi in the Arab hands.

The major political and military event during George I’s reign, a war against the Byzantine Empire, had its roots back to the 990s, when the Georgian prince David III of Tao, following his abortive rebellion against Emperor Basil II, had to agree to cede

Swaziland competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, held from 27 July to 12 August 2012. The country's participation at London marked its ninth appearance in the Summer Olympics since its debut at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the delegation included two track and field athletes: Sibusiso Matsenjwa and Phumlile Ndzinisa, one swimmer, Luke Hall. Hall was selected as the flag bearer for the opening ceremony and Matensjwa held it for the closing ceremony. All three competitors did not advance further than the heat stages of their respective events. Swaziland participated in nine Summer Olympic Games between its début at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich and the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, with the exception of the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal and the 1980 Summer Olympics in the Soviet Union, the former because of a boycott relating to the New Zealand national rugby union team touring South Africa, the latter because the country joined the United States-led boycott over the 1979 invasion of Afghanistan during the Soviet–Afghan War.

The highest number of athletes sent by Swaziland to a summer Games is eleven to the 1988 Olympics in Seoul. No Swazi athlete has won a medal at the Olympic Games. Swaziland participated in the London Summer Olympics from 27 July to 12 August 2012; the Swaziland National Olympic Committee selected two athletes via wildcards. An NOC would be able to enter up to three qualified athletes in each individual event as long as each athlete met the "A" standard, or one athlete per event if they met the "B" standard. However, since Swaziland had no athletes that met either standard, they were allowed to select two athletes, one of each gender, as wildcards; the two athletes that were selected to compete in the London Games were Sibusiso Matsenjwa in the men's 200 metres and Phumlile Ndzinisa in the women's 400 metres. A third athlete, swimmer Luke Hall qualified for the Games via a "universality place" awarded by FINA for the men's 50 metre freestyle as his best time of 23.92 seconds did not reach the standard entry time.

Hall was the flag bearer for the opening ceremony and Matensjwa held it for the closing ceremony. The athletes were coached by Muzi Mabuza and Linda Kiefer, trained in the West Devon town of Tavistock; the 2012 Summer Games marked Sibusiso Matsenjwa's Olympic début. He was oldest competitor for Swaziland at the Games, aged 24, he qualified for the Olympics via a wildcard, as his best time, 21.29 seconds set at the 2011 World Championships in Athletics, was 0.64 seconds slower than the "B" qualifying standard for his event, the 200 meters. In an interview with the Times of Swaziland before competing Matsenjwa said that he was learning from training with other Olympic athletes and was confident of improving his performance. Matsenjwa competed in the men's 200 metres race in the third heat of the first round on 7 August, finishing sixth out of eight athletes with a time of 20.93 seconds, setting a new Swaziland national record. He ranked ahead of José Carlos Herrera from Mexico and Grenada's Joel Redhead, was 0.39 seconds behind heat winner Maurice Mitchell of the United States.

Overall Matsenjwa finished 40th out of 53 athletes, was 0.21 seconds slower than the slowest athlete that progressed to the semi-final stage and, the end of his competition. Competing at her first Olympics, Phumlile Ndzinisa was notable for carrying the Swaziland flag at the closing ceremony, she was the youngest person to compete for Swaziland at the Games, aged 19. She qualified for the Olympics via a wildcard, as her best time, 54.26 seconds set at the 2011 All-Africa Games, was 1.96 seconds slower than the "B" qualifying standard. Ndzinisa was drawn in the fourth heat, she finished sixth with a time of 53.95 seconds, behind heat winner and eventual gold medallist Sanya Richards-Ross of the United States. Ndzinisa finished in front of Hristina Risteska from Macedonia, she finished 36th out of 45 athletes overall, was 1.64 seconds slower than the slowest competitor that progressed to the semi-final stage and was unable to advance to the rounds. KeyNote–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only Q = Qualified for the next round q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target NR = National record MenWomen Luke Hall, who at the age of 23 was participating in his second Olympic Games, was notable for holding the flag of Swaziland at the opening ceremony.

He qualified after receiving a universality place by FINA as his best time of 23.92 seconds did not reach the "A" or "B" standard entry times. Hall was drawn in heat four of the men's 50 metre freestyle event, held on 2 August, finishing fourth out of eight swimmers with a time of 23:48 seconds, he finished in front of Kareem Ennab of Jordan, Mozambique's Chakyl Camal, Mohammad Mahfizur Rahman from Bangladesh and Zachary Payne of the Cook Islands. Hall was nearly one second behind heat winner Roy-Allan Burch of Bermuda, he finished 36th out of 58 swimmers overall and finished 1.21 seconds slower than the slowest swimmer to progress to the next round and did not advance to the stages of the men's 50 metre freestyle. Men

"Dahil Sa'yo" is a single by Filipino singer Iñigo Pascual from his self-titled debut album. The song was released by Star Music on October 7, 2016 and was heard first on MOR 101.9 For Life!. Its lyric video was uploaded on YouTube on the same date the song was released while its official music video premiered on myx on December 3, 2016 same date when it was uploaded on YouTube, it was the first number one song on Billboard Philippines' then-new Philippine Top 20 chart, the music industry standard record chart in the Philippines for local singles. It is the most viewed OPM video on YouTube beating "Ikaw" by Yeng Constantino by 73.6 million views. Credits adapted from YouTube. Composer: Inigo Pascual Additional Rap Lyrics: Gabriel Tagadtad Arrangement: Theo Martel Vocal Arrangement: Inigo Pascual, KidWolf Mixed by: KidWolf Tracking Engineer: Dan Tanedo at Bellhaus Studios "Dahil Sa'Yo" peaked #8 on Pinoy MYX Countdown & #12 on MYX Hit Chart; the song became the first number-one song of Billboard Philippines' Philippine Top 20 and stayed on top for nine weeks before it was dethroned by the song "Two Less Lonely People in the World" by KZ Tandingan on the week of August 14.

As a result, it ranked as #1 at the Billboard Year End Philippine Top 20 Chart. The song debuted at number 21 of Philippine Hot 100 and reached the top ten on its eighth week of its chart run. List of Philippine Top 20 number-one singles of 2017

VISIONx Inc. is a private Canadian technology company that offers software and complete system solutions for computer-based visual inspection, machine vision, high-accuracy measurement. Benefits of using VISIONx machine vision software and systems are listed as: greater accuracy, reduced operator-dependent errors, increasing level of automation, reduced cycle times, ability to solve new applications, etc.. VISIONx products are being applied to solve applications in a number of different industries including, semiconductors, MicroElectroMechanical Systems manufacturing, printed circuit boards, aerospace, medical device manufacturing, precision mechanical components and assemblies, packaging and many more. VISIONx Inc. was founded in 1996 by Patrick Beauchemin and is located outside of Montreal, Canada. There are over 3000 licenses of the software in use worldwide including countries such as Canada, United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Romania, Philippines, Mexico, Taiwan, Israel, South Africa, Singapore and South Korea.

VISIONx’s products are being used by companies such as Dupont, Eli Lilly, Honda of America, Honda Canada, Johnson & Johnson, Lockhead Martin, Procter & Gamble, Texas Instruments and Tyco to name a few. VISIONx has a global network of distributors. In 2010 VISIONx announced the VisionGauge Digital Optical Comparator and partnered with Methods Machines as their North American distributor. VISIONx products are sold as software and complete systems. VISIONx Inc has two main software products: VisionGauge and VisionGauge OnLine: VisionGauge is a machine vision software product for operator-assisted imaging, high-accuracy measurement, image analysis, image processing, microscopy and data collection/transmission/exchange and databasing. VisionGauge OnLine is a machine vision software for automated inspection, high-accuracy measurement and data collection, including automated tools for alignment, pattern matching, analysis, defect detection, assembly verification, optical character recognition and verification, blob analysis, barcode reading, color verification, presence/absence detection, object counting and sizing.

Users create custom programs to perform inspections using these tools. VISIONx designs and manufactures a number of different imaging and vision systems accompanied by the VisionGauge or VisionGauge OnLine software. A sample of notable systems include: VisionGauge Digital Optical Comparator VisionGauge Digital Optical Comparator systems update existing optical comparator technology and allow the user to compare a part with its CAD drawing; these systems are known as digital profile projectors or contour projectors. Two features that the VisionGauge Digital Optical Comparator boasts improve upon existing optical comparator technology are 1) Auto Pass/Fail - allowing automatic determination if a part is a Pass or a Fail compared to the overlay at critical points or entities, 2) Auto overlay alignment - allowing a CAD overlay to be read in and automatically aligned or fitted to the part on screen; these features allow for increased automation in the inspection of parts. VisionGauge Cartesian Measurement SystemsVisionGauge Cartesian Measurement Systems are capable of fast 3D motion over long travels.

VisionGauge Smart Camera BundlesVisionGauge Smart Camera Bundles are complete, all-in-one solutions for both imaging and machine vision applications. They include a Smart camera running Windows XPe bundled with VisionGauge software. VisionGauge OnLine High Accuracy Automated Optical Inspection SystemsVisionGauge OnLine Automated Optical Inspection systems are intended for automated 3D inspection, defect detection and high accuracy measurement applications. VisionGauge OnLine Optical Character Recognition and Verification SystemsVisionGauge OnLine Optical Character Recognition and Verification Systems for industrial applications are able to automatically locate and verify text strings. Official website Official VisionGauge Digital Optical Comparators information

Helena Charlotta Åkerhielm née af Ugglas was a Swedish dramatist and translator. She was the daughter of count Samuel af Ugglas and Carolina Wittfoth and married baron Gustaf Fredrik Åkerhielm in 1807, her spouse was director of the Royal Dramatic Theatre in 1818-23, like him, she was genuinely interested in the dramatic art and active as a playwright and translator there. She co-wrote the tragedy Engelbrekt in collaboration with her spouse, staged at the Royal Dramatic theatre in 1820, she translated the plays Värdshuset, eller det lyckliga äventyret, De begge svartsjuke and Maria Stuart, all of them from French, which were all staged with good critique on the royal theatre. She was the first woman to have her own play staged at the Royal Dramatic theatre, together with Jeanette Granberg one of only two female playwrights to have their plays staged at the Royal Dramatic theatre before 1863. Nordin Hennel, Ingeborg: Mod och försakelse: liv- och yrkesbetingelser för Konglig Theaterns skådespelerskor 1813-1863 Anreps ättartavlor

Seo Soo-Kyoung, known by the artist name SEO, is a South Korean female contemporary artist who lives and works in Berlin, Germany. Her artist name comes from her family name Seo written in capital letters. Seo Soo-Kyoung was born in Gwangju, South Korea in 1977, she attended Gwangju Art High School from 1992 to 1996. From 1996 to 2000 she studied at Chosun University in Gwangju, receiving the award for the best student of the year upon her graduation, she left South Korea the same year to take up her studies at the Universität der Künste in Berlin, in 2001, as a member of the class of famous painter Georg Baselitz. In 2002, while she was still attending her basic course, the South Korean embassy commissioned SEO to design the United Buddy Bear on behalf of her native country. Together with the Governing Mayor of Berlin, Klaus Wowereit, she unveiled this Buddy Bear at the exhibition opening to launch this international art event, she finished the basic course in 2003 supplementing this by the Master Course thus becoming a "Meisterschülerin“ of Baselitz.

The Master Disciple is the highest degree. In 1999 she started exhibiting her works in Galleries and museums both in South Korea and internationally, continues to do so. Although SEO counts as an artist, her works can be seen as mixed media images. A blank canvas is used to draw a preliminary design, filled out by a large number of pieces of torn rice paper pasted onto the canvas; some of the paper used is printed for her in South Korea the paper with patterns designed by herself. In the next step she applies transparent layers of paint to form the final image. First she developed a linear style of painting, with whitish lines aiding the definition of the figures, circumscribing the virtual contour; the white lines, should be seen as narrow bands of pure painting, with changing hues and densities, creating a match between micro- and macro-structural elements. She embraced European Culture, without giving up her Asian background engaging in “cultural reconstruction”, like when she reconstructs the spirit of German Romanticism in her paintings.

There is a blending of the conceptual and the ideal which leads to something new, a process of “Creolization”. In the course of her development the linear element became less prominent, her color scheme all the more poignant; the reaction to everyday issues both in life and politics, in art and culture lead to statements about these subjects on the basis of an aesthetic concept, which embodies in a definition of the picture as a moment taken out of the unlimited context of the eternal stream of images in the mind, pinpointing not objects, but the essence of things. The larger part of her work is created in groups of images around a certain idea, motif or concept, among others, the series "My German Dreams", "Rice Fields", the "War" and the "Water lilies" series. In all groups there are large formats, but the "Water lilies" tend to be monumental. In the exhibition in the Kunsthalle Rostock, "close encounter – robert rauschenberg – seo" in 2008 she showed a large size painting with a lake and waterlilies and mountains in the background.

The landscape was composed of images of existing landscapes from different countries, making it a symbol of the world, The water lilies referred to all 47 species of water lilies making the rendering a symbol, besides its alluding to Monet, at the height of his water lily-images 100 years earlier. The image consisted of more than 1 million paper scraps. SEO's relation with Germany, she treats and quotes Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Caspar David Friedrich und Carl Spitzweg, the sculptural works accompanying the paintings are cast in "German silver" and show what for her is German: beer barrels, garden gnomes, stags’ antlers and – cows. The latter stand for cheese, as Europeans smell, for Asians, like milk; this is a form of cultural reconstruction, as both cultures are treated on the level of subject matter and style. The reconstruction of the emotional structure of a certain era embeds possibilities of new, contemporary insights. More SEO has widened her range. In an exhibition, "Personal Structures" at Palazzo Bembo, within the framework of the 2011 Venice Biennale, SEO showed an installation of four of her concentric abstract "Energy" paintings in a dialogue with a box lit from the bottom with assorted rock crystals.

She has started to work with photography as one of her artistic media. A series of her photographs of a light bulb was published in the "art.es" magazine #47. Her main gallery contact is Michael Schultz Gallery, Beijing, Seoul. SEO: Personal Cosmos, Hirmer Verlag 2011. ISBN 978-3-7774-4111-5 SEO: Without Words, Today Art Museum 2010. SEO: War and Peace in the 21st Century, Gwangju Museum of Art 2010. Christoph Tannert: SEO, Prestel Verlag 2009. ISBN 978-3-7913-4368-6 SEO: Der Fluss findet das Meer, Kunsthalle Dresden 2009. SEO, a. o.: Constellations, Beijing 798, Biennale 2009. SEO, a. o.: The Judith Rothschild Foundation Contemporary Drawings Collection, Museum of Modern Art, New York 2009. ISBN 978-0-87070-751-3 SEO: the cologne paintings, Leopold-Hoesch-Museum 2008. SEO: Close encounter. Robert Rauschenberg und SEO, Kunsthalle Rostock 2008. SEO: Am Ende kam der Tag, Kunsthalle Mannheim 2007. ISBN 3-939983-