The Kingdom of Poland, also known informally as the Regency Kingdom of Poland, was a short-lived puppet state of the German Empire and polity that was proclaimed during World War I by it and Austria-H
Archduke Charles Stephen (Karl Stephan) in 1917
Governors-General Beseler (first from left) and Kuk (second from left) in 1916
The Regency Council. Left to right: Ostrowski, Kakowski, and Lubomirski
Members of the Regency Council with officers of the Polish Army
Second Polish Republic
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The Second Polish Republic, officially known at the time as the Republic of Poland, was the Polish state that existed between 7 October 1918 and 6 October 1939 after being established in the final sta
Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918)
…of Warsaw and which became active on 14 January 1917. It was subsequently transformed between 7 October 1918 and 22 November 1918 into the independent Second Polish Republic, the customary ceremonial founding date of the latter being set at 11 November 1918. In spite of the initial total dependence of this client state on…
Polish defences at Miłosna, during the decisive Battle of Warsaw, August 1920
Marshal Józef Piłsudski, Chief of State (Naczelnik Państwa) between November 1918 and December 1922
The May Coup d'État (1926)
Ignacy Mościcki, President of Poland (left), Warsaw, 10 November 1936, awarding the Marshal's buława to Edward Rydz-Śmigły