Klystron
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A klystron is a specialized linear-beam vacuum tube, invented in 1937 by American electrical engineers Russell and Sigurd Varian, which is used as an amplifier for high radio frequencies, from UHF up
400 kW klystron used for spacecraft communication at the Canberra Deep Space Communications Complex. This is a spare in storage.
5 kW klystron tube used as power amplifier in UHF television transmitter, 1952. When installed, the tube projects through holes in the center of the cavity resonators, with the sides of the cavities making contact with the metal rings on the tube.
The first commercial klystron, manufactured by Westinghouse in 1940. Part of the tube is cut away to show the internal construction. On the left are the cathode and accelerating anode, which create the electron beam. In the center between the wooden supports is the drift tube, surrounded by the two donut-shaped cavity resonators: the "buncher" and the "catcher". The output terminal is visible at top. On the right is the cone shaped collector anode, which absorbs the electrons. It could generate 200
Klystron oscillator from 1944. The electron gun is on the right, the collector on the left. The two cavity resonators are in center, linked by a short coaxial cable to provide positive feedback.
Traveling-wave tube
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A traveling-wave tube or traveling-wave tube amplifier is a specialized vacuum tube that is used in electronics to amplify radio frequency signals in the microwave range. It was invented by Andrei Hae
Ruselectronics TWT from the 1980s used in the Russian Gorizont communication satellites
Soviet UV-1008 (УВ-1008) TWT from 1976, with waveguide input and output