1.
Lawyer
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A lawyer is a person who practices law, as an advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor or solicitor or chartered legal executive. The role of the lawyer varies greatly across legal jurisdictions, in practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their right to determine who is recognized as being a lawyer. As a result, the meaning of the lawyer may vary from place to place. In Australia, the lawyer is used to refer to both barristers and solicitors. In Canada, the word lawyer refers to individuals who have been called to the bar or. Common law lawyers in Canada are formally and properly called barristers and solicitors, however, in Quebec, civil law advocates often call themselves attorney and sometimes barrister and solicitor in English. The Legal Services Act 2007 defines the activities that may only be performed by a person who is entitled to do so pursuant to the Act. Lawyer is not a protected title, in India, the term lawyer is often colloquially used, but the official term is advocate as prescribed under the Advocates Act,1961. In Scotland, the word refers to a more specific group of legally trained people. It specifically includes advocates and solicitors, in a generic sense, it may also include judges and law-trained support staff. In the United States, the term refers to attorneys who may practice law. It is never used to refer to patent agents or paralegals, in fact, there are regulatory restrictions on non-lawyers like paralegals practicing law. Other nations tend to have terms for the analogous concept. In most countries, particularly civil law countries, there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners. Several countries that originally had two or more legal professions have since fused or united their professions into a type of lawyer. Most countries in this category are common law countries, though France, in countries with fused professions, a lawyer is usually permitted to carry out all or nearly all the responsibilities listed below. Arguing a clients case before a judge or jury in a court of law is the province of the barrister in England. However, the boundary between barristers and solicitors has evolved, in England today, the barrister monopoly covers only appellate courts, and barristers must compete directly with solicitors in many trial courts
2.
Erle Stanley Gardner
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Erle Stanley Gardner was an American lawyer and author. The best-selling American author of the 20th century at the time of his death, Gardner also published under numerous pseudonyms, Fair, Kyle Corning, Charles M. Green, Carleton Kendrake, Charles J. Kenny, Les Tillray and Robert Parr. Born in Malden, Massachusetts, Erle Stanley Gardner graduated from Palo Alto High School in 1909 and he was suspended after approximately one month when his interest in boxing became a distraction. He returned to California, pursued his education on his own. In 1912, Gardner wed Natalie Frances Talbert, they had a daughter and he opened his first law office in Merced in 1917, but closed it after accepting a position at a sales agency. In 1921, he returned to law as a member of the Ventura firm Sheridan, Orr, Drapeau, and Gardner, Gardner enjoyed litigation and the development of trial strategy, but was otherwise bored by legal practice. In his spare time, he began writing for pulp magazines, in his early years writing for the pulp magazine market, Gardner set himself a quota of 1,200,000 words a year. When asked why his heroes always defeated villains with the last bullet in their guns, Gardner answered, if you think I’m going to finish the gun battle while my hero still has fifteen cents worth of unexploded ammunition in his gun, you’re nuts. Early on, he typed his stories himself using two fingers, but later dictated them to a team of secretaries, under the pen name A. A. Fair, Gardner wrote a series of novels about the private detective firm of Cool and Lam. In another series, District Attorney Doug Selby litigated against attorney Alphonse Baker Carr in an inversion of the Perry Mason scenario. Prosecutor Selby is portrayed as a courageous and imaginative crime solver, Gardner remained with Sheridan, Orr, Drapeau, and Gardner until 1933, when The Case of the Velvet Claws was published. Much of that story is set at the historic Pierpont Inn, in 1937, Gardner moved to Temecula, California, where he lived for the rest of his life. With the success of the Mason series, which ran to over 80 novels. Gardners readership was a broad and international one, and included the English novelist Evelyn Waugh, Gardner also created characters for various radio programs, including Christopher London, starring Glenn Ford, and A Life in Your Hands. He created Perry Mason as a character for a series of Hollywood films of the 1930s, and then for a titular radio program. In 1954, CBS proposed transforming Perry Mason into a soap opera. When Gardner opposed the idea, CBS created The Edge of Night, in 1957, Perry Mason became a long-running CBS-TV series starring Raymond Burr in the title role. Though Burr originally auditioned for the role of district attorney Hamilton Burger, Gardner reportedly declared he was the embodiment of Perry Mason, Gardner made an uncredited appearance as a judge in The Case of the Final Fade-Out, the last episode of the series
3.
Academy Awards
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The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze
4.
80th Academy Awards
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During the ceremony, AMPAS presented Academy Awards in 24 categories. The ceremony was televised in the United States by ABC, and produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J, Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the second time, having previously presided over the 78th ceremony held in 2006. Two weeks earlier in a gala at the Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Beverly Hills, California held on February 9, No Country for Old Men won the most awards of the ceremony with four including Best Picture. The telecast garnered under 32 million viewers, making it the least watched Oscar broadcast since 1974, the nominations were announced on January 22,2008, at the Samuel Goldwyn Theater in Beverly Hills, California by Sid Ganis, president of the Academy, and actress Kathy Bates. No Country for Old Men and There Will Be Blood tied for the most nominations with eight each, the winners were announced during the award ceremony of February 24,2008. Best Director winners Ethan and Joel Coen became the pair of directors to win the award for the same film. Jerome Robbins and Robert Wise first accomplished this feat for co-directing 1961s West Side Story, for only the second time in Oscar history, all four acting winners were born outside the United States. Daniel Day-Lewis became the person to win Best Actor twice. Cate Blanchett became the performer to receive double acting nominations in the same year. At age 82, Best Supporting Actor nominee Hal Holbrook was the oldest male acting nominee in Oscar history, Robert F. Boyle became the oldest recipient of the Academy Honorary award at the age of 98. Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger, Robert F. Boyle — In recognition of one of cinemas great careers in art direction. The following individuals presented awards or performed musical numbers, in September 2007, the Academy hired Gil Cates to oversee production of the telecast for a record 14th time. Ganis explained his decision to hire Cates as producer stating, Hes so talented…so creative and inventive, all of that will again translate into a night that people cant wait to experience. Immediately, Cates selected actor, comedian, and talk-show host Jon Stewart as host of the 2008 ceremony, Jon was a terrific host for the 78th Awards, Cates said about Stewart in a press release. He is smart, quick, funny, loves movies and is a great guy, what else could one ask for. Furthermore, the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike affected the telecast, the material could have been used, as the denial only affected the conditions under which the clips are shown. Previously, the 60th ceremony held in 1988 occurred 37 days after that years writers strike began, at the time, material was already completed in anticipation for the strike, and actors were in full attendance of the ceremony. In anticipation that the strike would continue through Oscar night, AMPAS developed a Plan B show that would not have included actors accepting their awards
5.
Adventure game
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An adventure game is a video game in which the player assumes the role of protagonist in an interactive story driven by exploration and puzzle-solving. The genres focus on story allows it to draw heavily from other narrative-based media, literature and film, many adventure games are designed for a single player, since this emphasis on story and character makes multi-player design difficult. Initial adventure games developed in the 1970s and early 1980s were text-based, within the Asian markets, adventure games continue to be popular in the form of visual novels, which make up nearly 70% of PC games released in Japan. The Asian markets have found markets for adventure games for portable and mobile gaming devices. The video game genre is defined by its gameplay, unlike the literary genre, which is defined by the subject it addresses. Essential elements of the genre include storytelling, exploration, and puzzle solving, Adventure games have been described as puzzles embedded in a narrative framework, where games involve narrative content that a player unlocks piece by piece over time. While the puzzles that players encounter through the story can be arbitrary, combat and action challenges are limited or absent in adventure games, thus distinguishing them from action games. In the book Andrew Rollings and Ernest Adams on Game Design, only that combat is not the primary activity. Some adventure games include a minigame from another video game genre. Hybrid action-adventure games blend action and adventure games throughout the experience, incorporating more physical challenges than pure adventure games. This definition is hard to apply, however, with debate among designers about which games are action games. Adventure games are distinct from role-playing video games that involve action, team-building. Adventure games lack the numeric rules or relationships seen in role-playing games and these games lack any skill system, combat, or an opponent to be defeated through strategy and tactics. However, some hybrid games exist here, where role-playing games with strong narrative, finally, adventure games are classified separately from puzzle video games. Although an adventure game may involve puzzle-solving, they involve a player-controlled avatar in an interactive story. Adventure games contain a variety of puzzles, decoding messages, finding and using items, opening locked doors, solving a puzzle will unlock access to new areas in the game world, and reveal more of the game story. Logic puzzles, where mechanical devices are designed with interfaces to test a players deductive reasoning skills, are common. Others have been criticized for requiring players to guess, either by clicking on the right pixel
6.
Video game
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A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor. The word video in video game referred to a raster display device. Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial, the electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms, examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles. These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices, the input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms. Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a persons hands and body. Players typically view the game on a screen or television or computer monitor, or sometimes on virtual reality head-mounted display goggles. There are often game sound effects, music and, in the 2010s, some games in the 2000s include haptic, vibration-creating effects, force feedback peripherals and virtual reality headsets. In the 2010s, the game industry is of increasing commercial importance, with growth driven particularly by the emerging Asian markets and mobile games. As of 2015, video games generated sales of USD74 billion annually worldwide, early games used interactive electronic devices with various display formats. The earliest example is from 1947—a Cathode ray tube Amusement Device was filed for a patent on 25 January 1947, by Thomas T. Goldsmith Jr. and Estle Ray Mann, and issued on 14 December 1948, as U. S. Written by MIT students Martin Graetz, Steve Russell, and Wayne Wiitanens on a DEC PDP-1 computer in 1961, and the hit ping pong-style Pong, used the DEC PDP-1s vector display to have two spaceships battle each other. In 1971, Computer Space, created by Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney, was the first commercially sold and it used a black-and-white television for its display, and the computer system was made of 74 series TTL chips. The game was featured in the 1973 science fiction film Soylent Green, Computer Space was followed in 1972 by the Magnavox Odyssey, the first home console. Modeled after a late 1960s prototype console developed by Ralph H. Baer called the Brown Box and these were followed by two versions of Ataris Pong, an arcade version in 1972 and a home version in 1975 that dramatically increased video game popularity. The commercial success of Pong led numerous other companies to develop Pong clones and their own systems, the game inspired arcade machines to become prevalent in mainstream locations such as shopping malls, traditional storefronts, restaurants, and convenience stores. The game also became the subject of articles and stories on television and in newspapers and magazines. Space Invaders was soon licensed for the Atari VCS, becoming the first killer app, the term platform refers to the specific combination of electronic components or computer hardware which, in conjunction with software, allows a video game to operate. The term system is commonly used
7.
Art film
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An art film is typically a serious, independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience. Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as a film genre, art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres and film festivals. The term art film is more widely used in the United States, the UK and Australia than in Europe. A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to understand or appreciate such films. One mid-1990s art film was called largely a cerebral experience that one enjoys because of what you know about film and this contrasts sharply with mainstream blockbuster films, which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment. Since art films have small initial investment costs, they only need to appeal to a portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable. An art film may also be called an art movie, specialty film, art-house film, or, in the collective sense, there is overlap between the categories of art film, independent film and experimental film. The antecedents of art films included D. W. Griffiths Intolerance, the critics of the outside world praised these films. Art films were influenced by films by Spanish avant-garde creators, such as Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí. Cinéma Pur, a 1920s and 1930s French avant-garde film movement also influenced the development of the idea of art film, the cinema pur film movement included Dada artists, such as Man Ray, René Clair, and Marcel Duchamp. The Dadaists used film to transcend narrative conventions, bourgeois traditions, pure Cinema was influenced by such German absolute filmmakers as Hans Richter, Walter Ruttmann, and Viking Eggeling. Richter claimed that his 1921 film, Rhythmus 21, was the first abstract film ever created, nevertheless, Richters film Rhythmus 21 is considered an important early abstract film. William Siska argues that Italian neorealist films from the mid- to late-1940s, such as Open City, Paisa, Films shown in these art cinemas included. British, foreign-language, and independent American films, as well as documentaries, Films such as Rossellinis Open City and Mackendricks Tight Little Island, Bicycle Thieves and The Red Shoes were shown to substantial U. S. audiences. In the late 1950s, French filmmakers began to produce films that were influenced by Italian Neorealism and classical Hollywood cinema, auteur theory holds that the director is the author of his films, with a personal signature visible from film to film. The French New Wave movement continued into the 1960s, during the 1960s, the term art film began to be much more widely used in the United States than in Europe. In the U. S. the term is defined very broadly, to include foreign-language auteur films, independent films, experimental films, documentaries. In the 1960s art film became a euphemism in the U. S. for racy Italian, by the 1970s, the term was used to describe sexually explicit European films with artistic structure such as the Swedish film I Am Curious
8.
Ace Attorney
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Ace Attorney, known in Japan as Gyakuten Saiban, is a series of visual novel adventure video games developed by Capcom. The first entry in the series, Phoenix Wright, Ace Attorney, was released in 2001, since then, nine further games have been released. Additionally, the series has seen adaptations in the form of an action film and an anime. The cases all last a maximum of three days, with the determining the outcome based on evidence presented by the defense attorney. The series was created by the writer and director Shu Takumi, while the original Japanese versions of the games are set in Japan, the series localizations are set in the United States, though retaining Japanese cultural influence. The Ace Attorney series launched in Japan with the Game Boy Advance game Phoenix Wright, Ace Attorney in 2001, the series currently consists of six main series games and four spin-offs. Phoenix Wright, Ace Attorney is the first entry in the series and it was originally released for the Game Boy Advance in 2001 in Japan, it has also been released for the Nintendo DS in 2005, Microsoft Windows in 2008, and the Wii and iOS in 2009. Phoenix Wright, Ace Attorney − Justice for All is the entry in the series. It was originally released for the Game Boy Advance in 2002 in Japan, it has also released for the Nintendo DS in 2006, Microsoft Windows in 2008. Phoenix Wright, Ace Attorney − Trials and Tribulations is the entry in the series. It was originally released for the Game Boy Advance in 2004 in Japan, it has also released for Microsoft Windows in 2006, the Nintendo DS in 2007. Apollo Justice, Ace Attorney is the entry in the series. It was released for the Nintendo DS in 2007 in Japan and in 2008 in the West, Phoenix Wright, Ace Attorney − Dual Destinies is the fifth entry in the main series. It was originally released for the Nintendo 3DS in 2013 in Japan, North America and Europe, outside of Japan, an iOS version was released in 2014 in Japan and the West. Phoenix Wright, Ace Attorney − Spirit of Justice is the entry in the main series. It was released for the Nintendo 3DS in 2016 in Japan, North America, like Dual Destinies, it was given a digital-only release outside Japan. Ace Attorney Investigations, Miles Edgeworth is the first entry in the Investigations spin-off series and it was released for the Nintendo DS in 2009 in Japan and in 2010 in the West. Ace Attorney Investigations 2 is the entry in the Investigations series
9.
John Grisham
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John Ray Grisham, Jr. is an American bestselling writer, attorney, politician, and activist best known for his popular legal thrillers. His books have been translated into 42 languages and published worldwide, John Grisham graduated from Mississippi State University before attending the University of Mississippi School of Law in 1981. He practiced criminal law for about a decade and served in the House of Representatives in Mississippi from January 1984 to September 1990 and his first novel, A Time to Kill, was published in June 1989, four years after he began writing it. As of 2012, his books have sold over 275 million copies worldwide, a Galaxy British Book Awards winner, Grisham is one of only three authors to sell 2 million copies on a first printing. Grishams first bestseller, The Firm, sold more than seven million copies. Eight of his novels have also been adapted into films, The Chamber, The Client, A Painted House, The Pelican Brief, Skipping Christmas, The Rainmaker, The Runaway Jury. Grisham, the second of five siblings, was born in Jonesboro, Arkansas, to Wanda Skidmore Grisham and his father worked as a construction worker and a cotton farmer, while his mother was a homemaker. When Grisham was four years old, his family settled in Southaven, DeSoto County, as a child, Grisham wanted to be a baseball player. Grisham has been a Christian since he was eight years old, after leaving law school, he participated in some missionary work in Brazil, under the First Baptist Church of Oxford. Although Grishams parents lacked formal education, his mother encouraged him to read and he drew on his childhood experiences for his novel A Painted House. Grisham started working for a nursery as a teenager, watering bushes for US$1.00 an hour and he was soon promoted to a fence crew for US$1.50 an hour. He wrote about the job, there was no future in it, at 16, Grisham took a job with a plumbing contractor but says he never drew inspiration from that miserable work. Through a contact of his fathers, he managed to work on a highway asphalt crew in Mississippi at age 17. It was during this time that an unfortunate incident got him serious about college, a fight with gunfire broke out among the crew causing Grisham to run to a nearby restroom to find safety. He did not come out until after the police had detained the perpetrators and he hitchhiked home and started thinking about college. His next work was in retail, as a salesclerk in a department store mens underwear section and he decided to quit but stayed when he was offered a raise. He was given another raise after asking to be transferred to toys, a confrontation with a company spy posing as a customer convinced him to leave the store. By this time, Grisham was halfway through college, planning to become a tax lawyer, he was soon overcome by the complexity and lunacy of it
10.
Hong Kong action cinema
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Hong Kong action cinema is the principal source of the Hong Kong film industrys global fame. In recent years, the flow has reversed somewhat, with American and European action films being heavily influenced by Hong Kong genre conventions, the 1970s saw a resurgence in kung fu films during the rise and sudden death of international superstar Bruce Lee. The innovative work of directors and producers like Tsui Hark and John Woo introduced further variety, an exodus by many leading figures to Hollywood in the 1990s coincided with a downturn in the industry. The signature contribution to action cinema from the Chinese-speaking world is the martial arts film, the genre emerged first in Chinese popular literature. The early 20th century saw an explosion of what were called wuxia novels and these were tales of heroic, sword-wielding warriors, often featuring mystical or fantasy elements. This genre was quickly seized on by early Chinese films, particularly in the capital of the time. Starting in the 1920s, wuxia titles, often adapted from novels were hugely popular, the boom came to an end in the 1930s, caused by official opposition from cultural and political elites, especially the Kuomintang government, who saw it as promoting superstition and violent anarchy. Wuxia filmmaking was picked up in Hong Kong, at the time a British colony with a liberal economy and culture. The first martial arts film in Cantonese, the dominant Chinese spoken language of Hong Kong, was The Adorned Pavilion, the industry continued the wuxia tradition in Cantonese B movies and serials, although the more prestigious Mandarin-language cinema generally ignored the genre. A countertradition to the wuxia films emerged in the kung fu movies that were produced at this time. These movies emphasized more authentic, down-to-earth and unarmed combat over the swordplay and mysticism of wuxia. In the second half of the 1960s, the eras biggest studio, Shaw Brothers, inaugurated a new generation of films, starting with Xu Zenghongs Temple of the Red Lotus. These Mandarin productions were more lavish and in colour, their style was less fantastical and more intense, with stronger and more acrobatic violence. They were influenced by imported samurai movies from Japan and by the wave of New School wuxia novels by authors like Jin Yong and Liang Yusheng that started in the 1950s. The signature directors of the period were Chang Cheh with One-Armed Swordsman and Golden Swallow, Hu soon left Shaw Brothers to pursue his own vision of wuxia with independent productions in Taiwan, such as the enormously successful Dragon Inn. Chang stayed on and remained the Shaws prolific star director into the early 1980s, the early 1970s saw wuxia giving way to a new, grittier and more graphic iteration of the kung fu movie, which came to dominate through the decade and into the early 1980s. Seriously trained martial artists such as Ti Lung and Gordon Liu became some of the top stars as increasing proportions of running times were devoted to combat setpieces, Chinese Boxer, starring and directed by Jimmy Wang Yu, is widely credited with launching the kung fu boom. But remaining at the vanguard, at least initially, were Shaw Brothers, changs Vengeance was another of the first trendsetters and his dozens of contributions included The Boxer from Shantung, Five Deadly Venoms and Crippled Avengers
11.
Thriller (genre)
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Thriller is a broad genre of literature, film and television, having numerous subgenres. Thrillers are characterized and defined by the moods they elicit, giving viewers heightened feelings of suspense, excitement, surprise, anticipation, successful examples of thrillers are the films of Alfred Hitchcock. Thrillers generally keep the audience on the edge of their seats as the plot builds towards a climax, the cover-up of important information is a common element. Literary devices such as red herrings, plot twists, and cliffhangers are used extensively, a thriller is usually a villain-driven plot, whereby he or she presents obstacles that the protagonist must overcome. Homers Odyssey is one of the oldest stories in the Western world and is regarded as a prototype of the thriller. Thrillers may be defined by the mood that they elicit. In short, if it thrills, it is a thriller, as the introduction to a major anthology explains, Suspense is a crucial characteristic of the thriller genre. It gives the viewer a feeling of pleasurable fascination and excitement mixed with apprehension, anticipation and tension and these develop from unpredictable, mysterious and rousing events during the narrative, which make the viewer or reader think about the outcome of certain actions. Suspense builds in order to make those final moments, no matter how short, the suspense in a story keeps the person hooked to reading or watching more until the climax is reached. In terms of expectations, it may be contrasted with curiosity. The objective is to deliver a story with sustained tension, surprise, the second type of suspense is the. anticipation wherein we either know or else are fairly certain about what is going to happen but are still aroused in anticipation of its actual occurrence. According to Greek philosopher Aristotle in his book Poetics, suspense is an important building block of literature, common methods and themes in crime and action thrillers are mainly ransoms, captivities, heists, revenge, kidnappings. Common in mystery thrillers are investigations and the whodunit technique, common elements in dramatic and psychological thrillers include plot twists, psychology, obsession and mind games. Common in horror thrillers are serial killers, stalking, deathtraps, elements such as fringe theories, false accusations and paranoia are common in paranoid thrillers. Threats to entire countries, spies, espionage, conspiracies, assassins, the themes frequently include terrorism, political conspiracy, pursuit, or romantic triangles leading to murder. Plots of thrillers involve characters which come into conflict with other or with outside forces. The protagonist of these films is set against a problem, no matter what subgenre a thriller film falls into, it will emphasize the danger that the protagonist faces. While protagonists of thrillers have traditionally been men, women characters are increasingly common
12.
Michael Connelly
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Michael Connelly is an American author of detective novels and other crime fiction, notably those featuring LAPD Detective Hieronymus Harry Bosch and criminal defense attorney Mickey Haller. His books, which have translated into 39 languages, have garnered him many awards. Connelly was the President of the Mystery Writers of America from 2003 to 2004, Connelly was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the second oldest child of W. Michael Connelly, a property developer, and Mary Connelly, a homemaker. According to Connelly, his father was a frustrated artist who encouraged his children to want to succeed in life and was a risk taker who alternated success with failure in his pursuit of a career. Connellys mother was a fan of crime fiction and introduced her son to the world of mystery novels, at age 12, Connelly moved with his family from Philadelphia to Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where he attended St. Thomas Aquinas High School. At age 16, Connelly’s interest in crime and mystery escalated when, on his way home from his work as a hotel dishwasher, Connelly, curious, decided to investigate and found that the object was a gun wrapped in a lumberjack shirt. After putting the gun back, he followed the man to a bar, later that night, Connelly brought the police down to the bar, but the man was already gone. This event introduced Connelly to the world of police officers and their lives, impressing him with the investigators’ hard faces, Connelly had planned on following his father’s early choice of career in building construction and started out at the University of Florida in Gainesville as a building construction major. After earning grades that were lower than expected, Connelly went to see Robert Altman’s film The Long Goodbye and was enchanted by what he saw, the film, based on Raymond Chandler’s 1953 novel of the same name, inspired Connelly to want to become a mystery writer. He was a student of Harry Crews, there, he covered the crime beat during the South Florida cocaine wars, an era that brought with it much violence and murder. The honor also brought Connelly a job as a reporter at the Los Angeles Times. He moved to California in 1987 with his wife Linda McCaleb, after moving to Los Angeles, Connelly went to see the High Tower Apartments where Raymond Chandlers famous character, Philip Marlowe, had lived, and Robert Altman had filmed. Connelly got the manager of the building to promise to him if the apartment ever became available. Ten years later, the manager tracked Connelly down, and Connelly decided to rent the place and this apartment served as a place to write for several years, but its value derived more from nostalgia than comfort. After three years at the Los Angeles Times, Connelly wrote his first published novel, The Black Echo and he sold The Black Echo to Little, Brown to be published in 1992 and won the Mystery Writers of Americas Edgar Award for best first novel. Connelly describes his own work as a big canvas with all the characters of his books floating across it as currents on a painting, sometimes they are bound to collide, creating cross currents. This is something that Connelly creates by bringing back characters from previous books, Connelly went on to write three more novels about Detective Bosch — The Black Ice, The Concrete Blonde, and The Last Coyote — before quitting his job as a reporter to write full-time. Harry Bosch and Connelly received a deal of publicity in 1994
