Legalism refers to an intellectual, political, and philosophical orientation beginning in the Warring States period of China. While heterogeneous, the Legalists generally shared a view of most people
Statue of the legalist Shang Yang
The seven major states of the Warring States period, c. 260 BCE. The Jixia Academy, where many proto-Daoist and Legalist thinkers were active, was located in the state of Qi.
Book of Han or Hanshu, carved in the Ming dynasty, in the Tian Yi Chamber Library collection
A late 19th-century edition of the Hanfeizi by Hongwen Book Company
Confucianism, also known as Ruism or Ru classicism, is a system of thought and behavior originating in ancient China, and is variously described as a tradition, philosophy, religion, theory of governm
Legalism (Chinese philosophy)
…direct interference in the affairs of state by the sovereign. The Legalist emphasis on pragmatic, results-driven governance put them at odds with the Confucians, who advocated for cultivated virtue as a primary method of building a well-governed state, as well as the Mohists, who supported an egalitarian society…
Temple of Confucius of Jiangyin, Wuxi, Jiangsu. It is a wenmiao (文庙), a temple where Confucius is worshipped as Wendi, "God of Culture" (文帝).
Gates of the wenmiao of Datong, Shanxi
Confucius in a fresco from a Western Han tomb in Dongping, Shandong
Worship at the Great Temple of Lord Zhang Hui (张挥公大殿; Zhāng Huī gōng dàdiàn), the cathedral ancestral shrine of the Zhang lineage corporation, at their ancestral home in Qinghe, Hebei